Effects Of Innovation Activities Research Articles

Perceived financial performance in sport services firms: the role of HRM practices and innovation

PurposeThe aim of the present study is to examine the impact of human resource (HR) practices (human resource empowerment, organizational culture and transformational leadership) on innovation activities as well as the effect of innovation activities on perceived financial performance within sport services firms.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed relationships were examined using empirical data from 172 managers of Greek sport services firms. Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) analysis was used to investigate the role of human resource management (HRM) practices on innovation activities and whether innovation activities affected the perceived financial performance.FindingsThe results of the study indicated that HRM practices, such as human resource empowerment, organizational culture and transformational leadership, significantly impact innovation activities and subsequently innovation activities have a significant and positive effect on perceived financial performance as measured by satisfaction levels in relation to specific key performance indicators (KPIs) such as profit, ROI, sales volume and market share.Practical implicationsThis study presents useful theoretical and managerial implications that can be used by sport service firms to assess the effects of HRM practices on innovation activities and perceived financial performance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on several merits. Firstly, the authors jointly estimate the impact of HRM practices on innovation and its concurrent effect on perceived financial performance, which is not methodologically considered before. Secondly, the authors incorporate a more thorough measure of perceived financial performance including four dimensions of performance, and finally the authors analyze a larger sample of sport services firms relative to previous studies, leading into more concrete conclusion on the research hypotheses.

Innovation in KIBS Firms: The effects of innovation activities, employees’ level of education, and the sources in the supply chain

Innovation in KIBS Firms: The effects of innovation activities, employees’ level of education, and the sources in the supply chain

FACTORS OF THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET OF TOURIST SERVICES

Purpose. The aim of the article is to systematize and characterize the factors of innovative development of the international market of tourist services. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods were used in the research process, in particular the method of a systematic approach, based on which the approaches and factors of innovative development of the international market of tourist services were categorized. A guide to the method of comparison, necessary for a comparative assessment of the views of scientists regarding the studied issues, has also been implemented. Abstract and logical method was used for the formation of theoretical conclusions Findings. It has been established that due to the high level of uncertainty arising from growing competition and the growth of expectations from demanding customers, tourism enterprises operating in international markets must make more efforts to develop and implement innovations that are the key to development. It has been proven that the effectiveness of innovative activity is determined by a number of factors characteristic of the current stage of development of the studied sector and its subjects. The indicated factors of influence are singled out and characterized, including: innovative factors of influence on the state of development of the international market of tourist services, which are formed within the management sphere (management technologies, approaches, methods, models of management of processes, personnel, assortment, technologies, partnership); the investment factor of the development of innovations in the personnel sphere, which affects the state of human resources of tourist enterprises, tourist destinations, staff satisfaction with the conditions of social security and development; a market factor associated with a number of variables (components) that determine both the transformation of the market environment and changes in other indicators (in particular, the level of development of tourist enterprises, tourist destinations, the level of satisfaction of tourists' expectations from new offers, etc.); integration factors due to the integration of spheres, products (services), industries and market participants, stakeholders, etc., which forms new conditions for their development, which provide for the emergence of additional (synergistic) opportunities for functioning under the influence of a wide range of challenges and risks; factors of the innovative development of the international market of tourist services in the context of a guide to assortment and project components, focused on modelling the effectiveness of project development indicators in accordance with the selection of the assortment of products (services). Originality. The theoretical aspects of the classification of factors of innovative development of the international market of tourist services have gained further development. Practical value. The proposed classification and characteristics of the isolated factors can be used in the process of assessing factor influence on the innovative development of the international market of tourist services. Key words: market factor, assortment and project components, factors of innovative development, international market of tourist services, integration factors, investment factor of innovation development in the personnel sphere, management technologies.

Innovations as the main factor of agricultural development at the regional level

Aim. Identification of modern features of innovative activity in the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine on the example of the Cherkasy region. Methods. Sociological, economic, expert, technological, statistical, marketing. Results. In the modern economy of the Cherkasy region, innovations are an effective means of increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, since their goal is to create new products and enter new markets, inflow of investments and decrease the cost of production. The innovative activity of regional scientific agricultural institutions today is required the intensification of research against the background of increased competition in the market and the wide introduction of Ukrainian products into the world economy. The experience of economically developed countries is showed that the effectiveness of innovative activities and the degree of involvement of commodity producers in the innovation process largely determine the success of entering the world agricultural market and the competitiveness of agricultural commodity producers. This is placed high requirements on the modernization of the domestic agricultural industry and the development, implementation and use of innovations in this area, making it one of the key principles of strategic development. But there are still a large number of unresolved issues regarding the introduction of domestic innovations: low solvency of agricultural enterprises, imperfect support for innovative activities at the state level, high risk when introducing new technologies, lack of qualified specialists in the field of innovation, lack of an established financial mechanism for the innovative development of agricultural enterprises. The most pressing issue is the modification of completed scientific developments into a knowledge-intensive innovative product, as well as its further implementation. Conclusions. Unfortunately, the interaction between science and business in the state is very weak and underdeveloped. That is why a significant number of promising and interesting innovations are not commercialized and agricultural enterprises lose the opportunity for modern innovative development, which is especially important in the conditions of wartime and the post-war period.

Current Legal Aspects of Information Security of Innovative Activities

Problem setting. It should be agreed that the primary task of the organization of information provision of innovative activity is the formation of information resources, the composition of which should be oriented towards the establishment of information links between participants (subjects) of the innovation sphere, which carry out activities at all stages of the innovation process, in order to ensure mutual relations the connection between demand and supply of innovative products of national production. Moreover, information provision should be oriented towards the creation of effective means of access to information resources and their optimal management from the birth of an idea to the commercialization of the results of innovative activity. In today’s conditions, the issue of information support for innovative activities is gaining considerable relevance, taking into account modern trends in the introduction and use of the latest information technologies (resources). Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue of ensuring the innovation process and innovative activity (including information) was considered in the works of many scientists. Thus, S.V. Hlibko considered the issue of functional support of the innovation process. The study of the technology transfer mechanism and its implementation in the innovation process was conducted by O.V. Rozghon.In addition, Yu. V. Pasmor considered the problems of information provision of innovations. However, today there is not a large number of scientific studies that would comprehensively cover the issue of information provision of innovative activities, therefore this topic is relevant and requires additional research. Target of the research is to study the current legal aspects of information support of the innovation process, including the study of issues of formation and use of information resources in the field of innovation activity. Article’s main body. In the scientific work, some relevant legal aspects of information provision of innovative activities are investigated. The article analyzes the norms of the current regulation of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine «About the Ukrainian Research Information System», the main purpose of which is the collection, formation, preservation, verification of data and information in the field of scientific and scientific and technical activities, ensuring access to them and their use as well as automation of procedures and processes of interaction between subjects and users of the system. It has been established that the Ukrainian Research Information System functions on the more important principles of scientificity, humanism, democracy, organic combination of educational, scientific and innovative activities. It is through the implementation of the specified principles, including the principle of combining educational, scientific and innovative activities, that it is possible to ensure sustainable innovative development of the national economy. It is noted that the creation of the Ukrainian Research Information System is an example of the implementation of the best European and global practices and aims to stimulate the development of scientific, scientific and technical and innovative spheres. Conclusions and prospects for the development. As a result of consideration of current legal issues of information support of innovative activity, in particular the process of legislative implementation and the peculiarities of the functioning of the Ukrainian Research Information System, it is appropriate to draw a conclusion regarding the importance of this system for the proper implementation of scientific, scientific and technical, innovative activities and infrastructural support of the innovative process. In addition, it should be emphasized that the information infrastructure should ensure the formation and implementation of new information resources and appropriate access to them by users. Therefore, the main task of the process of organizing the information support of innovative activity should be the formation of innovative resources. That is, the effectiveness of innovative activity must be ensured with the help of appropriate resources (including information) and determined precisely by the level of appropriate information support. In addition, the development of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities requires the availability of a modern and up-to-date information base.

Development of the university's innovation assessment system at the national level

The paper examines approaches to the assessment of innovation activity of Russian universities and concludes that there is no unified assessment methodology and a set of relevant indicators. As a single assessment tool at the state level, it is proposed to use Monitoring the effectiveness of the activities of educational institutions of higher education. For these purposes, the author proposes to allocate an independent block of indicators in the monitoring structure that reflect the innovative activity of the university as comprehensively as possible. At the same time, part of the indicators should be transferred from the Monitoring section on the evaluation of research activities. The author supports the approach of forming a set of indicators for assessing innovation activity in three areas innovation potential, innovation activity and the effectiveness of innovation activity. At the same time, based on the legislatively fixed concept of innovation activity, the author of the article suggests that when choosing indicators for assessing innovation activity, include only indicators reflecting the effects (primarily economic) of the implementation of innovative projects and the creation (development) of innovation infrastructure. Based on the results of the analysis of currently available indicators in Monitoring, the author proposes to include additional 14 indicators in the assessment of the university's innovation activity, distributing them into the above groups, which will allow the most comprehensive assessment of this area of activity of Russian universities and conduct correct comparisons with other universities, regardless of their size.

On the role of innovation and market structure on trade performance: is Schumpeter right?

PurposeThe goal of the paper is to examine the dynamics between innovation, market structure and trade performance. Firstly, the author first investigates the effects of innovation on trade performance. Secondly, the author then examines how market structure affect trade by classifying industries based on their innovation intensity.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses a detailed level data set of eight OECD countries in a panel of 17 industries from the STAN and ANBERD Database. The author employs both a pooled regression and a two-stage quantile regression analysis. The author first investigates the effects of innovation at the aggregate level, and then the author assesses the effects at the disaggregated or firm level.FindingsThe author finds that at the aggregate level, innovation and market size have a positive and significant effect on competitivity in most of the specifications. However, innovation is negatively associated with trade performance in the case of bilateral trade between Spain and the Netherlands. Also, the sectoral analysis provides evidence that the innovation-trade nexus depends on technological classification. The author shows that: (1) the effect of innovation activity on trade performance economic performance is lower for the high technology and high concentration (HTHC) market compared to the low technology (LT) market; (2) the impact of innovation on economic performance is ambiguous for firms in the high technology and low concentration (HTLC) market.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the database provides a rich data set on industrial data, it fails to provide innovation output such as patent data which may underestimate the innovation activities of firms that do not have a separate R&D records. In the current context of subdue economic growth these research results have important policy implications. Firstly, the positive impact of innovation on trade performance strengthens its role for sustainable development. The negative coefficient on innovation is an indication that research intensity in some cases has not been able to create a new demand capable to boost economic performance.Practical implicationsThe market classification analysis provides new evidence that innovation in the LT market has the potential to enhance competition. Secondly, market size supports industries that are competing in the international market. Policy makers must therefore put in place incentives to encourage firms to grow in size if they want to remain globally competitive.Social implicationsSustainable development can be supported through investment in research and development in the low technology sector.Originality/valueThe study is the first as far as the author knows, to examine the impact of innovation on bilateral trade performance using industry level data from OECD countries. Secondly, the author complements the existing literature by examining how innovation activities (classified as high technological intensive or low technological intensive) affect trade performance.

Оценка устойчивости и эффективности инновационного развития субъектов российской Арктики.

Based on the selected key indicators in the innovation sphere, an integral rating assessment of the level of innovative development (IRR) of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation for the period 2015–2019 was carried out and their innovative profiles were constructed, allowing to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the innovative potential of the subjects. On the basis of comparative ratings, the sufficiency of using the number of indicators for calculations and analysis of the obtained research results is justified. The rating assessment showed the leading position of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the outsiders of the ranking include the Chukotka and Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. The authors propose a method for determining the level of sustainability of the IRR, which is calculated according to the consolidated integral index of innovative development of the region. The proposed methodological approach is based on the use of the coefficient of variation, well-known in the field of probability theory and statistics, and can be used to assess the innovation sustainability not only of regions, but also for other sectors of the economy and social sphere with corresponding changes in the system of indicators reflecting their production and economic activities. On the basis of input and output parameters, a rating of the effectiveness of innovative activity of the regions is compiled and the possibility of predictive assessments of its level for the future is shown. It is noted that in addition to the regional authorities, the results of the study can be used by various economic and social actors to monitor and forecast innovative development, as well as to adjust the existing regulatory documents in the field of innovation policy.

Problems of financing and effectiveness of innovation activities

The article studies the problems of financing innovation by enterprises and their impact on the effectiveness of implemented innovative projects. The relevance of the work is evidenced by the priority of the problem of maintaining and strengthening the innovative development of Russia against the background of the unstable economic, political and epidemiological situation in the country and in the world. The article presents a study of the cost structure of innovative activities of organizations. A correlation analysis of the dependence of the innovation performance indicator on the costs of enterprises for innovation activities, involving the calculation of the Pearson correlation coefficient, is performed. The reliability of the revealed correlation was verified. The results of the study allow us to conclude that there is a direct correlation and a high strength of the relationship between the volume of innovation financing and their effectiveness. A set of measures is proposed to address the issues of financial support for innovative projects on the basis of improving the system of state support for innovation, as well as the formation of new digital tools and the development of infrastructure for digital platforms for financing innovation activities. A system of measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of innovations has also been developed, where one of the main provisions is the development of the intellectual potential of the scientific sphere and the system of cooperation between all participants in the innovation process.

Innovative viability: formation of the concept and evaluation criteria

Innovative development a priori determines the viability and success of any economic system; at present, the role of innovation in economic activity is so great that the economy is named innovative. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature, the problem of assessing the effectiveness of innovative development is revealed. Existing statistically observable indicators assess the conditions, resources, results of innovative processes; comparison of indicators is difficult due to their diversity of time and diversity of objects. The use of project analysis and forecasting techniques, methods for evaluating innovative projects does not allow assessing the prospects for the innovative development of the system as a whole. In addition, the uncertainty of the main characteristics of innovative development was revealed, they talk about «innovative activity», «innovative susceptibility», «innovative competitiveness». The authors propose to evaluate the results of innovative development based on «innovative viability». It was found that there are few scientific works on the assessment of solvency (economic, social, functional solvency, management solvency are considered), and only two works of Russian authors are devoted to innovative solvency. In the foreign scientific literature, only the problems of viability of innovations are studied. The author's definition of the content of the concept of «innovative viability» is proposed – a set of qualities, quantities, interconnections of the elements of the innovation system that exist in time and space (theoretical definition); for a separate economic system (region, enterprise) – this is the level of management that allows it to function successfully; it is a combination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics that ensures its sustainable viability and rationally active innovative activity; criteria for evaluating innovative viability are proposed: innovative potential, effectiveness of innovative activity, the ratio of the «fulcrum» and «center of gravity».

The effects of innovation activities and size on technological innovation in South American manufacturing firms

The effects of innovation activities and size on technological innovation in South American manufacturing firms

ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ФАКТОРОВ НА ИННОВАЦИОННУЮ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ КИРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The article considers the main approaches to assessing innovation security through the prism of the activity of the regional economy in the innovation sphere. The key disadvantage of methods for assessing innovation activity is the lack of assessment of the influence of factors on the effectiveness of innovation activity or on the integral indicator of innovation activity. Based on the identification of groups of factors that have the most significant impact on innovation activity, a study was made of their influence on the prospects for innovation security in the region.

Are Peruvian manufacturing firms product-based or service-based businesses? Effects of innovation activities, employee level of education and firm size

ABSTRACT Using survey data from 1438 Peruvian manufacturing firms, we explore multiple and simultaneous relationships between the effects of innovation activities, employee level of education, and the firm size on manufacturing firms’ innovation outcomes. We find that there is a positive relationship between innovation activities, employee level of education, and firm size. In addition, innovation activities have direct and positive effects on product and service innovation. However, employee level of education has positive indirect effects, especially on product innovation. The study also highlights that there is a negative direct relationship between size and service innovation. Thus, it is important to establish public policies aimed to promote service innovation in manufacturing firms, with specific support for small firms.

Glocalization of regional innovation development

This paper summarizes the arguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of global-local interactions of a region and usage of its synergy for the innovation development. Glocalization concept provides combination of global and local issues of innovation development that is an competitive advantage for a region. The main purpose of the research is to determine paradigm shift from traditional to modern regional innovation policy under conditions of glocalization based on the modern European research, experience of European countries’ regions and reveal prospects of its implementation in Ukraine. The relevance of the decision of this scientific research is that the concepts of globalization and comprehensive integration have reached their limits, it can be stated the beginning of the era of glocalization - global cooperation, focusing on local resources and local competitive advantages. Investigation of glocalization of regional innovation development in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: theoretical background, concept formation, strategic vectors determination. The proposed in the paper methodological approach to the regional innovation policy formation is based on the following principles of glocalization: systematicity, multilevel governance, cross-sectoral co-operation (a horizontal coordination), dialectics of global and local dimensions, priority of national interests, effectiveness, uniqueness, resource availability, sustainable development. The paper presents the results of the theoretical analysis of glocalization concept implementation in the innovation sphere, which showed that regional innovation policy formation in an era of glocalization is based on the concept of complementary combination of the glocal components of innovative development of the regions, namely: local, which is expressed through the effectiveness of innovation activity in a region, global (effectiveness of international cooperation in the innovation sphere) and regulating institutions. Regional innovation systems determined as a conceptual basis of regional innovation policy and global-local interactions. The importance of social capital for innovation development and practical implementation of glocalization concept is revealed. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that glocal innovative development of regions, although aimed at overcoming the disproportions of socio-economic levels, but at the expense of other instruments – that is the mobilization of its own reserves in accordance with an independently developed program of action. The research is relevant for Ukraine and other countries with powerful innovation potential in the aspect of building an effective national innovation system.

SYSTEMATIZATION OF THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION, IMPLEMENTATIONS AND SIMULATION OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

The main principles of construction of strategies of innovative development and financial and economic security of the enterprise with establishment of the basic classification systems of maintenance of their components are formed in work. Indicators of financial and economic security in the context of the system of assessing the level of innovative development of the enterprise are determined. A comprehensive system for increasing the level of components of innovative development of the enterprise has been developed. The calculation of the effect indicator from the implementation of measures to eliminate weaknesses that affect the level of innovative development and the state of financial and economic security of the enterprise. In accordance with modern conditions conducive to innovative development of enterprises and types of development strategies, it is advisable to identify the following five types of strategies: innovation leader strategy; position retention strategy; strategy of strengthening positions; strategy of radical transformations; survival strategy. These strategies should be based on such characteristics of innovation development as innovation activity, provision of the enterprise with innovative resources and efficiency (effectiveness of innovation activity). The implementation of the strategy requires the company a set of measures: improving the production base, logistics system, optimizing the structure of the distribution network and the system of movement of goods, adapting them to changes in the market situation. At the same time, the organizational structures of management are being restructured, its workers, specialists and managers are gaining experience, a system of relations with economic contractors is being established, and an image is being created and strengthened. That is, its potential for innovative development is growing. On this basis, its adaptive capabilities to changes in the environment are expanding. And this allows you to realize new market opportunities, to penetrate into new areas of activity that were previously inaccessible to the company.

Firm-level innovation and efficiency in the food sector: Insights from a literature-based innovation output indicator

ABSTRACT Innovation activity is commonly regarded as one prerequisite for the competitiveness of food manufacturers. However, new product introductions typically face a high failure rate, which frequently deprives food manufacturers of returns on new product developments. Accordingly, existing empirical evidence on the effect of innovation activity on firm performance is not unanimous in the food sector. In this study, we explore contemporaneous and lagged effects of product and process innovation on production efficiency of dairy processors in the German market. Endogeneity of innovation variables and production inputs is accounted for by instrumentation using a System GMM approach. While we find no positive effect of patents or the number of new product launches on efficiency, we find a consistent positive effect of successful new products on the dairy processors’ technical efficiency. On the methodological side, our results confirm the relevance of the literature-based innovation output indicator as a differentiated measure of product innovation suitable for measuring the innovation effect on firm performance. Regarding innovation management in the food sector, the results highlight the challenge related to high failure rates of new products in the food sector and emphasize the importance of new product quality for business performance.

Assessment of the impact of labor productivity on the effectiveness of innovative activities in Kazakhstan and the Northwestern Federal District of Russia

Object: In many foreign countries, growth in labor productivity leads to a reduction in working hours. But these processes are not always proportional and depend on the correlation of social and economic priorities of states, on the conditions of general globalization and neoliberalization. The unfavorable ratio of the internal price proportions of some states and the low level of development of technics and technology act as obstacles to increasing the rate of economic growth. In such conditions, a reduction in working hours will inevitably lead to a reduction in the country's economic potential and the level of income of citizens. The purpose of this article is to study the nature of labor productivity and analyze the relationship between the proportions of labor productivity and the volume of production of innovative products in Russia and Kazakhstan as the largest EAEU states that determine development trends in the region.Methods: The collected data on the relationship between labor productivity and the volume of output of innovative products were analyzed using cluster analysis and nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).Findings: Labor productivity affects the level of innovative development and affects the overall economic development of individual regions and countries as a whole. The analysis of these processes is very important for the formation of state development policy. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between labor productivity and the volume of innovative products, as well as examines similar processes in certain regions of Russia and Kazakhstan.Conclusions: According to the results obtained, the following hypotheses were accepted: in Kazakhstan and Russia, labor productivity directly affects the innovative production of products. This influence is different in the regions of both countries. In Kazakhstan and Russia, there are regions that are similar in characteristics of the processes of the impact of labor productivity on innovative output, and for them similar measures to improve state policy are recommended

The effects of innovation activities and size on technological innovation in South American manufacturing firms

The effects of innovation activities and size on technological innovation in South American manufacturing firms

Development of the Digital Economy in the Context of Improving the Methodological Support for the Formation and Assessment of Institutional Mechanisms of Innovation Activity

The practice of reforming macrosystems and attempts to transition from resource and industrial to digital economy showed that the lack of an institutional component increases information uncertainty, prevents the development of various forms of cooperation, increases the degree of risk in the implementation of exchange and contracting, causing an increase in economic, social and transactional costs, as well as higher prices for goods and services. The formation of institutional mechanisms of innovative development of the Russian Federation requires the development of appropriate scientific-methodological, regulatory and legal and information-analytical framework for effective regulation of the formation processes of high-tech economy, which is a pressing problem for our country. The paper identifies institutional factors, as well as areas to enhance and improve the effectiveness of innovation activities; established economic risks in an imperfect institutional environment; identified institutional components of the integration mechanism to ensure innovative economic development; proposed a methodological approach to assessing the quality of the institutional environment, as well as a diagnostic mechanism of its state.

Modeling the innovative development of the economy based on the investment demand prognosis

The effectiveness of innovation activity is largely determined by the relevant infrastructure which is the basic component of a developed economy. The correlation between the development of the innovative economy and the intensification of investment activity is revealed. On the basis of retrospective analysis of trends and patterns in the development of investment activity, an assessment of the resource support of the investment process in the Republic of Tatarstan is carried out. The need for advanced development of the production potential of the investment and construction complex of the region and the material and technical base on the basis of the development of the local raw material base is justified. An economic and mathematical model of the interaction of investment recourses that determine the level of innovative development of the region is proposed. On the basis of the theory of factor models, the quantitative relationships between the factors that have the greatest impact on investment development are investigated. They are: gross regional product, investment in fixed assets, the volume of contract work, the volume of investment in housing construction, the cost of research and development in the gross regional product, the share of innovation costs in industrial investment.