Effect Of Image Size Research Articles

The effect of image size and defocus on children’s reflex vergence eye movements to natural images

The effect of image size and defocus on children’s reflex vergence eye movements to natural images

Effects of Image Size on Deep Learning

In this work, the best size for late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images in the training dataset was determined to optimize deep learning training outcomes. Non-extra pixel and extra pixel interpolation algorithms were used to determine the new size of the LGE-MRI images. A novel strategy was introduced to handle interpolation masks and remove extra class labels in interpolated ground truth (GT) segmentation masks. The expectation maximization, weighted intensity, a priori information (EWA) algorithm was used for the quantification of myocardial infarction (MI) in automatically segmented LGE-MRI images. Arbitrary threshold, comparison of the sums, and sums of differences are methods used to estimate the relationship between semi-automatic or manual and fully automated quantification of myocardial infarction (MI) results. The relationship between semi-automatic and fully automated quantification of MI results was found to be closer in the case of bigger LGE MRI images (55.5% closer to manual results) than in the case of smaller LGE MRI images (22.2% closer to manual results).

Secure Communication for Multiquadrotor Networks Using Ethereum Blockchain

Ethereum blockchain is a powerful, open-source technology for creating decentralized and secure information sharing systems. The main contribution of this article is the experimental validation of an Ethereum blockchain-based software and hardware architecture that enables secure communication for multiple small unmanned aerial vehicles (sUAVs). The experiments involved three DJI M100 quadrotors that shared images captured during flight based on smart contracts created using Ethereum’s Turing complete programming language. The smart contract was designed so that only the intended recipient sUAV could access a specific image. The effect of image size, difficulty level, and consensus algorithms on image transfer times during flight are noted and point to the feasibility of this system in practical missions. The effects of wireless network disruptions on the Ethereum network are documented. The fully documented smart contract code is open sourced to assist readers in quick prototyping. As efforts for decentralization and security of multirobot systems continue to grow, the system architecture and implementation detailed here may serve as a guide for future research.

Research on the effect of image size on real-time performance of robot vision positioning

In order to improve the real-time performance of visual positioning of the indoor mobile robot, the researchers found that the shape and size of the positioned image have a great influence on the real-time performance of the positioning calculation. In order to verify the conclusion and find the appropriate image shape and size to meet the robot’s visual positioning requirements, this paper adopts four different shapes, such as quadrilateral and circular, and uses SURF algorithm to extract and recognize the features of the image. The effect of image shape and size on real-time localization is studied from two aspects: the localization of different shape models under the same size by the visual robot and the localization of the different shape models by the visual robot. It is found that the accuracy and real time of positioning squares and circles are higher than the accuracy and real time of positioning triangles and hexagons under the same size. And when the image size ratio is between 40 and 60% of the original image, the change of the number of feature points is relatively stable and the number of feature points is moderate. It can improve the real-time performance of mobile robot vision localization under the premise of a certain positioning accuracy.

Effects of Image Size on Clutter Perception: More Evidence for Proto-Object Segmentation

Effects of Image Size on Clutter Perception: More Evidence for Proto-Object Segmentation

Effect of image size on speed estimation for real world moving scenes

Effect of image size on speed estimation for real world moving scenes

A signature dissimilarity measure for trabecular bone texture in knee radiographs

The purpose of this study is to develop a dissimilarity measure for the classification of trabecular bone (TB) texture in knee radiographs. Problems associated with the traditional extraction and selection of texture features and with the invariance to imaging conditions such as image size, anisotropy, noise, blur, exposure, magnification, and projection angle were addressed. In the method developed, called a signature dissimilarity measure (SDM), a sum of earth mover's distances calculated for roughness and orientation signatures is used to quantify dissimilarities between textures. Scale-space theory was used to ensure scale and rotation invariance. The effects of image size, anisotropy, noise, and blur on the SDM developed were studied using computer generated fractal texture images. The invariance of the measure to image exposure, magnification, and projection angle was studied using x-ray images of human tibia head. For the studies, Mann-Whitney tests with significance level of 0.01 were used. A comparison study between the performances of a SDM based classification system and other two systems in the classification of Brodatz textures and the detection of knee osteoarthritis (OA) were conducted. The other systems are based on weighted neighbor distance using compound hierarchy of algorithms representing morphology (WND-CHARM) and local binary patterns (LBP). Results obtained indicate that the SDM developed is invariant to image exposure (2.5-30 mA s), magnification (x1.00 - x1.35), noise associated with film graininess and quantum mottle (< 25%), blur generated by a sharp film screen, and image size (> 64 x 64 pixels). However, the measure is sensitive to changes in projection angle (> 5 degrees), image anisotropy (> 30 degrees), and blur generated by a regular film screen. For the classification of Brodatz textures, the SDM based system produced comparable results to the LBP system. For the detection of knee OA, the SDM based system achieved 78.8% classification accuracy and outperformed the WND-CHARM system (64.2%). The SDM is well suited for the classification of TB texture images in knee OA detection and may be useful for the texture classification of medical images in general.

Effect of image size on the color appearance of image reproductions using colorimetrically calibrated LCD and DLP displays

Abstract— Archiving images of cultural heritage based on spectral imaging techniques is an active research area in imaging science. Original and reproduced art are usually viewed under quite different viewing conditions. One of the interesting differences in viewing condition is size difference. This leads to different surrounds and adaptation states. In order to investigate the effect of size in color perception of rendered images, a visual experiment was conducted using a colorimetrically characterized digital projector and LCD. An image was rendered and projected on the screen. The same image was processed using various algorithms followed by rendering for the LCD. These LCD rendered images, by definition, were considerably smaller than the projected image. Using a paired‐comparison method, the effect of image size was investigated using a colorimetric image of Georges Seurat's, “Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte — 1884.” The image rendered for an LCD with a linear increase in lightness resulted in a closer match to the image projected on screen than an original colorimetrically rendered image and was perceived as a more accurate reproduction than the majority of algorithms tested.

The effect of image size on screen‐positive rates for nuchal translucency screening

It has been shown previously that the absolute measurement of nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, one of the most effective screening tests for fetal Down syndrome, significantly decreases with increasing image size. We undertook a prospective study to assess whether this effect materially alters the NT-derived risk estimation for fetal Down syndrome. In 350 women, NT was measured at both 100 and 200% image sizes. The median NT measurement at 200% was 8% smaller than at 100%. The screen-positive rates at 100 and 200% image sizes were 5.1% (18/350) and 2.3% (8/350), respectively (P= 0.048). Altering the image magnification settings is likely to decrease the sensitivity of NT-derived Down syndrome risk estimation. Further study is required to test the effect of our finding on the sensitivity of NT screening and to assess whether adjustments in gain settings mitigate the effect.

The Effect of Image Size on the Color Appearance of Image Reproductions

The Effect of Image Size on the Color Appearance of Image Reproductions

The effect of image size on nuchal translucency measurement.

To assess the effect of altering image size on the absolute nuchal translucency (NT) measurement. NT was measured at three image magnifications (60%, 100% and 200%) in 120 singleton pregnancies. The mean +/- SD NT measurements were 1.52 +/- 0.57 mm, 1.35 +/- 0.53 mm and 1.18 +/- 0.48 mm at 60%, 100% and 200% magnification, respectively (p = 0.00001). The measurement of NT decreases significantly with increasing image size. Optimisation of NT as a method of screening will require agreed standardisation of image magnification.

Digital watermarking by a holographic technique.

A holographic technique is applied for digital watermarking by a computer. A digital-watermark image to be hidden is phase modulated in a random fashion, and its Fourier-transformed hologram is superposed on a content image. The watermark is reconstructed by means of a holographic-reconstruction technique from the bit-map image that hides it. In the study the processes of constructing and reconstructing a digital hologram are described on the basis of the theory of Fourier optics. The conditions for superposing the hologram onto the content images are investigated in detail. The validity of the present method is verified by changing the weighting of the hologram relative to that of the content image. The effect of image size is also discussed with respect to reconstruction of the watermark, and it is shown that watermark information in a form of a diffuse-type Fourier-transform hologram cannot be removed by cutting it out of the host image.

Limulus vision in the ocean day and night: effects of image size and contrast.

Male horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus, use their eyes to locate mates day and night. We investigated their ability to detect targets of different size and contrast in a mating area of Buzzards Bay, Cape Cod, MA. We found that males can see large, high-contrast targets better than small, low-contrast ones. For targets of the same size, animals must be about 0.1 m closer to a low-contrast target to see it as well as a high-contrast one. For targets of the same contrast, animals must be approximately 0.2 m closer to a small target to see it as well as one twice as large. A decrease of 0.05 steradians in the size of the retinal image of a target can be compensated by a four-fold increase in contrast. About 60% of the animals detect black targets subtending 0.110 steradians (equivalent to an adult female viewed from about 0.56 m), while only 20% detect targets subtending 0.039 steradians. This study shows that horseshoe crabs maintain about constant contrast sensitivity under diurnal changes in light intensity in their natural environment. As a consequence of circadian and adaptive mechanisms in the retina, male horseshoe crabs can detect female-size objects about equally well day and night.

Fast linear transformation for tiled images

This work describes an efficient algorithm for linear coordinate transformation developed specifically for a tiled image processing system. A detailed description of the algorithm is presented, and its performance is compared with that of other techniques. The effect of image size on relative performance is analyzed and correlated with the tile-based storage technique.

ON IMPROVING THE ACCURACY OF LINE EXTRACTION IN HOUGH SPACE

This paper presents an accurate line extraction technique — the Hierarchical Peak Compaction Hough Transform (HPCHT). Vote scattering in the parameter space is a problem when the Hough transform is used for line extraction. This paper investigates the effects of image size and edge data errors on the severity of vote scattering. The HPCHT uses the Hough procedure on small subimages initially, and a recursive Hough merging scheme on the extracted line segments afterwards. A bound on vote scattering has been derived which guides the image subdivision and the adaptive quantization of the parameter space. As a result, an accurate Hough transform of low ρ-scattering and high θ-precision has been achieved. The HPCHT is suitable for fast parallel implementation on pyramid computers.

On the pictorial properties of visual images: effects of image size on memory for words.

On the pictorial properties of visual images: effects of image size on memory for words.

The Effect of Image Size on Visual Learning

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of four types of visual illustrations used to complement oral instruction and to compare their relative effectiveness when projected on viewing areas of different sizes. Each of the 588 Ss received a pretest, participated in his respective presentation, and received four individual criterial measures. Results indicated that (a) the use of illustrations to complement oral instruction does not automatically improve achievement, and (b) merely increasing the size of visual images used to complement oral instruction will not necessarily improve achievement.