Effect Of Humic Acid Application Research Articles

Humic Acid Mitigates Drought Stress in Tomato

Drought stress, one of the most important abiotic stresses, severely limits global crop production. To increase tolerance to this stress, environmentally friendly practices are emphasised. Humic acid, one of the most important natural biostimulants, has positive effects on plant growth and yield. Recently, it has also been reported to play an important role in resistance to various abiotic stresses. However, many physiological and molecular mechanisms by which humic acid confers drought resistance have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the effects of humic acid application on different morphological and physiological stress indicators and some antioxidative enzyme gene expressions of tomato seedlings under drought stress conditions were investigated in this study. It was found that drought stress decreased shoot fresh/dry weight, root fresh/dry weight, shoot and root length, chlorophyll and relative water content of plants by 67%, 56%, 31%, 38%, 22%, 20%, 15% and 25%, respectively. Humic acid application significantly increased these parameters, while reducing ion leakage, MDA and proline levels. The antioxidant enzyme gene expression of tomato seedlings under drought conditions showed no significant difference in SOD and APX gene expression, whereas CAT gene expression increased and GR gene expression decreased with humic acid application. Our results showed that humic acid application interacted with stress-related antioxidant enzyme gene expression and may be effective in reducing drought stress.

Effect of Humic Acid Applications on Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Grown under Salt Stress Conditions

In the study, humic acid was applied to soybean (Glycine max L.), which has high economic value and importance, to determine the tolerance level of the plant against salt stress, and physical and chemical changes in the plant were observed. The study was carried out in the climate room of Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops in 2019. In the research, İlksoy soybean variety was used. The experiment was carried out in 4 factorial orders according to the factorial experiment was designed based on Completely Randomized Design. In the research, four different Humic acid doses (0, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm) and 3 different NaCl salt doses (0, 125 and 250 mM) were used. In the study, root length, stem length, root fresh weight, stem fresh weight, root dry weight, stem dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, ion leakage in leaf tissues, lipid peroxidation level (MDA), relative water content and membrane resistance index in leaf tissues were determined. Properties such as index were also examined. As a result of the study, the longest root was 38 cm for the control plots that salt and humic acid didn’t apply to the plants. The highest root fresh weight was 2.08 g and the stem fresh weight was 1.87 g of the plots where 500 ppm humic acid dose applied. In addition, the plants with the highest chlorophyll ratio was 51.05 under 250 mM salt applied without humic acid application.

The effect of humic acid on biological properties of soil and upland rice plants in entisol Coastal Bengkulu City

Entisol is a type of soil on coastal land that has low soil fertility, low soil aggregation, low organic matter content, low soil microorganism activity and high salt content that can affect growth and development of crop yields. Application of humic acid is expected to increase the fertility of the entisol soil. This study aims to measure the effect of humic acid application on soil biological properties and yields of upland rice in Entisol Pesisir, Bengkulu city. The research was carried out in July-November 2020 in the Beringin Raya Village, Muara Bangkahulu District, Bengkulu City. The research design used a two-factor Completely Randomized Block Design with four replications, arranged in a factorial manner in experimental units. The first factor is humic acid which consists of not given humic acid, and given humic acid. The second factor is upland rice varieties consisting of Inpago 10, Merah rice, and Putih rice. The results showed that the application of humic acid was able to increase the biological activity of the soil including the total microbial population of 68.73% and the percentage of root colonization reaching 23.65% and increasing the pH, and rice yields per plot reached 14.2%. Inpago variety has better adaptability than local varieties (Merah and Putih) which is indicated by soil biological activity such as total microbial population reaching 570.16 x 106 CFU g-1 with root colonization percentage reaching 88.75%, pH, and upland rice yield per plot was 2033.68 g/plot. So based on the results of the study, it is recommended to cultivate Inpago 10 varieties compamerah to local varieties.

Characteristics of soil CO2 emission and ecosystem carbon balance in wheat-maize rotation field with 4-year consecutive application of two lignite-derived humic acids

Humic acid originating from lignite is a popular resource of organic fertilizer. The effects of humic acid application on crop biomass and soil CO2 emission charged the regional agro-ecosystem carbon balance. Two kinds of humic acid, obtained from lignite via H2O2-oxidation (OHA) and KOH-activation (AHA), were applied in a wheat-maize rotation located field at three levels of 500 (OHA1; AHA1), 1000 (OHA2; AHA2), and 1500 kg hm−2 (OHA3; AHA3), only chemical fertilizer treatment (CF) as control to investigate the change of soil CO2 emission, crop yield and ecosystem carbon balance in 2016–2019. During the four experimental years, the trend of cumulative efflux of soil CO2 was increasing in medium and high dosage humic acid treatments. The grain yield of wheat and maize had the same trend as the cumulative efflux of soil CO2 due to the increase of soil NO3−-N and soil available P directly affected by humic acid application. The main factor of cumulative soil CO2 efflux improvement was soil NO3−-N and soil available P in 2016, while soil available potassium became key factor in 2019 with the step regression. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was used to assess ecosystem carbon balance, which was positive values showed atmospheric CO2 sink under all the fertilization treatments and increased with the increase of humic acid use level. AHA2 and AHA3 treatments charged the higher NEP in 2019 than 2016. Meanwhile, AHA treatment presented a higher NEP average than OHA treatment with the same applied level. Crop yield and soil available P was the directly positive factor to NEP over four years under the fertilization by SEM analysis. It is recommended that AHA be applied at 1000 kg hm−2 together with chemical fertilizers to achieve the higher crop yield and a sink of the atmospheric CO2 in agricultural fields in North China.

Effects of Humic Acid Applications on Soil Quality and Mung Bean Yield Abstract

Toprakların sürdürülebilir yönetimi için organik toprak düzenleyicileri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Toprak düzenleyilerinin etkisinin hem toprak hem de bitki verimi üzerine değerlendirilmesi oldukça önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışmada; 0 (H0), 1(H1), 2(H2), 4(H4) lt da-1 seviyelerinde humik asit uygulamasının toprak kalitesi ve maş fasulyesi (Vigna radiata L.) verimi üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Hümik asit uygulaması toprak fiziksel kalite özellikleri üzerinde en etkili yarayışlı su içeğinde belirlenmiştir. Kontrol toprağında (H0) % 13.91 olan yarayışlı su içeriği H2 uygulamasıyla % 15.80 olarak tespit edilmiştir. H0 uygulamasında % 1.86 olan toprak organik madde içeriği H4 uygulamasıyla % 2.26’ya yükselmiştir. Toprakların besin elementi içerikleri incelendiğinde humik asit uygulamasıyla N, P ve K seviyelerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli değişimler (p

Humic acid and growth promoting microorganisms in the germination and initial development of white sesame plants

The objective of this work was to verify the effect of humic acid application in association with the growth-promoting bacteria Azospirilum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis on seed germination and on the initial development of white sesame seedlings. The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Seed Technology and Matology (LaSeM), at the University of the State of Mato Grosso – Campus de Alta Floresta. The treatments were composed by the combination of doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mL 100 kg-1 of commercial product containing humic acid, composed of 18% of humic acid, in addition to treatment with the bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis, in the same doses as humic acid. The variables analyzed were germination percentage, aerial and root length, fresh and dry mass of the roots. Humic acid showed promise in the cultivation of white sesame.

INFLUNCE OF CULTIVARS, PLANT GEOMETRY, HUMIC ACID AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF NIGER (Guizotia abyssinicia Cass.) CROP

INFLUNCE OF CULTIVARS, PLANT GEOMETRY, HUMIC ACID AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF NIGER (Guizotia abyssinicia Cass.) CROP

Hümik Asit Uygulamalarının Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.) Bitkisinin Gelişimi ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

This study was carried out in Konya Soil, Water and Combating Desertification Research Station in 2015 in order to determine the effect of humic acid applications in different amounts on the development and quality properties of some potato varieties in Konya ecological conditions. Three different potato varieties (Agria, VR808, Brooke) and four different humic acid doses (0, 3, 6, 9 L da-1) were used in this study, which was established in three replications according to "The Randomized Complete Block in a Split Plot Design". In the study, large, medium, small, discarded tuber yields per decare, protein content, specific gravity, chips yield, oil holding capacity of chips, dry matter content, starch content were investigated. It was determined that there was a significant increase in humic acid applications in large, medium, small and discarded tuber yields per decare. Oil holding capacity of chips was between 32.9 % and 46.2 %, starch content was between 11.7 % and 17.3 %, and the differences between humic acid applications were found to be statistically significant for these properties. In terms of chips yield and protein content, statistical significance was not determined among the applications. Considering all the properties examined, it was determined that increasing humic acid applications positively affected the yield of large, medium and small discarded tubers per decare and significant variations were obtained among some quality properties of the varieties.

Effect of Humic Acid Application on Growth and Productivity of Sunflower Under Saline Soil Conditions

A field experiment was conducted at El-bostan Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhur University in the two successive summer seasons of 2018 and 2019. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of humic acid application on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth, yield & its components and some chemical constituents grown under saline soil conditions.The experiment was laid out in a split plot design in four replicates. The main plots were occupied by three sunflower genotypes Sakha 53, Giza 102 and Line 120. While subplots contained four treatments of humic acid (HA) i.e.; without HA (control), HA soil application, foliar HA spray and a combination of both foliar spray and soil addition of HA. The results showed that, different genotypes did not perform similarly under salinity stress conditions. Line 120 had the highest leaf area/plant, head diameter, seed yield/ plant and seed yield/ha. With regard to humic acid application, it caused improvement for most growth, physiological parameters, yield and its components compared to control. Obtained results also, showed that humic acid application as both soil and foliar spray on Line 120 and Sakha 53 led to obtain the highest values of most studied parameters in the two growing seasons. Finally, it could be concluded that humic acid application can ameliorate negative effects of salinity on sunflower.

The Influence of Irrigation Water Salinity and Humic Acid on Nutrient Contents of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Humic acid (HA) efficiently enhances the uptake of nutrients of plants, especially on saline soil. In this study, some nutrient contents of onion in response to salinity and HA application were investigated, and effects of HA application on salinity resistance was evaluated. Research plots were established as a randomized factorial design with four replications on a lysimeter and each replication included 10 plants. Plants in the lysimeters were irrigated with tap water (control, EC: 0.3 dS m-1) and four different doses of salinized water (EC: 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1). The HA (0 and 1.0 g kg-1) was applied to the soil and mixed with the soil before planting. Increasing the levels of irrigation salinity decreased contents of K, Ca, N, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and B in onion bulbs; increased contents of Na, Cl and Mn. However, the highest content of K, Ca, and N in the bulbs were obtained by HA application under different salinity levels. Similarly, the soil application of HA positively was affected the P, Mg, Fe, Zn, B contents of the bulbs. While contents of Na, Mn, and Cu were not affected by soil application, Cl was decreased. The results showed that application of HA could partially reduce the harmful effects of salt, so HA can be used as an alternative method to improve product performance in saline conditions.

Humik Asit Uygulamalarının Bazı Çilek Çeşitlerinin Meyve Verimi ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri

Çilek hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada üzümsü meyveler içerisinde üretimi ve tüketimi en fazla olan türdür. Ülkemizin çilek üretim potansiyeli her geçen gün giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile Albion, Monterey, San Andreas ve Sweet Charlie çilek çeşitlerine humik asit uygulaması sonucunda; meyve verimi, meyve sayısı, ortalama meyve ağırlığı, suda çözünür kuru madde içeriği, titre edilebilir asitlik oranı ve meyve pH’sı gibi parametreler üzerindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesine çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada iki yıllık veriler değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçta; meyve verimine, meyve sayısına, suda çözünür kuru madde içeriğine ve titre edilebilir asitlik değerleri üzerine uygulamaların önemli etkide bulunduğu görülmüştür (P<0.05). En yüksek meyve verimi 138.80 g bitki-1 ile humik asit uygulamasından, 146.44 g bitki-1 ile Albion çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Meyve sayısı bakımından ise humik asit uygulaması sonucu en yüksek değerler Albion ve Sweet Charlie çeşitlerinden sırasıyla 12.60 ve 12.41 adet bitki-1 elde edilmiştir. Genel ortalamalar bakımından suda çözünür kuru madde içeriği %7.87 olarak kontrol grubunda daha tespit edilmiştir. Humik asit uygulaması titre edilebilir asitlik üzerinde olumlu etkide bulunmuş ve %0.96 olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda bazı parametreler üzerine humik asit uygulamalarının olumlu etkilerde bulunduğu ve bu yönüyle daha sağlıklı ve kaliteli bir üretim için önerilebileceği ortaya çıkmıştır.

Effectiveness of Humic Acid Applicationin Improving Saline Soil Properties and Fodder Beet Production

Two field experiments were carried out at Bahr Hadous drain and El-Salam canal locations in Sahl El-Hossinia , El-Sharkia -Governorate, Egypt, for winter seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, to study the effect of humic acid application on some physical and chemical soil properties and fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) productivity and quality in saline soil conditions irrigated with different water sources i.e. [Bahr Hadoos drainage water and Nile water from El-Salam canal mixed with agricultural drainage (1:1)].The obtained results show a noticeable reduction in soil pH and salinity as a result of treating the soil with humic acid compared to control. The effect is more obvious in case of applying humic acid high rate of (2400 ml/400 L water,T4) irrigated with El-Salam canal water than Baher Hados drain water .The soil O.M content and cation exchange capacity values were improved by applying humic acid high rate where soil OM content reached 0.80 and 0.73 % in case of using El-Salam canal and Baher Hados drain water compared with 0.63 and 0.55 % for control treatment, respectively. The highest diameter of dry aggregates was affected by the application of humic acid high rate with El-Salam canal water than Baher Hados drain water .Moreover, the maximum values of total stable aggregates were obtained in case ofhumic acid high rate using El-Salam canal water compared to Baher Hados drain water and control treatments. The data also show that the values of hydraulic conductivity were lowand increased by humic acid application. The highest value of hydraulic conductivity was obtained in case of applying humic acid high rate using El-Salam canal water than Baher Hados drain watercompared to control treatment. Applying humic acid high rate decreased the soil bulk density and increased total soil porosity valuesusingEl-Salam canal water as compared to Baher Hados drain water and control treatments. The maximum values of field capacity and available water were recordedin case of applying humic acid high rate using El-Salam canal than Baher Hados drain water compared to control. The result show an increase in fodder beet yield in all treatments compared to control and was higher in the case of humic acid high rate with El-Salam canal than Baher Hados drain water. Generally, the study recommends using humic acid (2400 ml/400 L water,T4) with El-Salam canal or Baher Hados drain which improves soil chemical and physical properties and thus increases the productivity of saline soil.

Effect of Humic Acid Application on the Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco

The field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of of humic acid amount (600 kg/hm 2 , 900 kg/hm 2 , 1200 kg/hm 2 ) at different fertilization time (base fertilization, topdressing fertilization and both) on the potassium content and chemical quality of Yunyan 97. The results showed that humic acid can significantly increase the potassium content in tobacco leaves. The coordination of potassium content in upper, middle and lower leaves reached for 1.52%, 2.55%, 2.63% respectively in the treatment of humic acid (1200 kg/hm 2 ) at base fertilization and topdressing fertilization (1/2 respectively), The content of nicotine and total nitrogen remained in appropriate range in all treatments. Both base and/or topdressing fertilization of humic acid in high level leaded to a more reasonable Potassium/Chloride ratio, and the coordination chemical quality was better.

AğırMetal İçeriği Yüksek Sularla Sulanan Patlıcan Bitkilerine Uygulanan Humik Asidin Bazı Morfolojik, Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal ÖzelliklerÜzerine Etkisi

In this study, it was aimed to demonstrate the effect of humic acid applications on some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of eggplant genotypes (Burdur Merkez, Burdur Bucak, Kemer and Giresun) irrigated with the irrigation water with a high content of heavy metal and determined previously salt tolerance levels. In studies conducted in controlled greenhouse conditions, eggplant seeds germinated in the growth substrate a mixture of peat and perlite and the seedlings were transplanted into pots at 20 days after sowing. Plants when they are 4-5 true leaves, 3 different humic acid levels (0, 500, 1000 ppm) have been applied and 7 days later after this application began to be watered with 3 different irrigation water comprising a mixture of various doses of heavy metals (control: 0 ppm; I. Mixture: 0.2 ppm 5 ppm to 0.01 ppm Cd + Cu + Pb + 2 ppm Zn, II. mixture: +0.02 ppm 0.4 ppm Cu 10 ppm Pb + Cd + 4 ppm Zn). Field capacity level for the plants 40 days after quenched with water after which time they were harvested and samples for analysis were performed. In the study plants were investigated for shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight, shoot and root length, leaf area, chlorophyll and MDA level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme activities All genotypes are adversely affected by heavy metal applications. In parallel to increase the dose, heavy metal mixtures led to a reduction in values of fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem and root length, leaf area of eggplant genotypes. MDA and antioxidative enzyme activities increased in plants irrigated with water containing a mixture of heavy metal. Humic acid applications had a positive effect on reducing of the limiting effect of heavy metal stress on growth and development. As a result, compared to sensitive genotypes Giresun and Kemer, salt tolerant genotypes Burdur Merkez and Burdur Bucak showed much better resistance to abiotic stress factor which consists of heavy metal applications. The obtained results; formed also an opinion about that plants evolved similar strategies for resistance to abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought and heavy metal stress.

English

Humic acid promote the conservation of mineral nutritions and as well as stimulate the pungency usually being more prominent in the cloves of garlic bulb. The effect of humic acid application on accumulation of mineral nutritions and pungency in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv. ‘Gangajali’ was studied. Here, we observed that the maximum concentration of Ca, Fe and S were shown when plants were treated with 400 ppm humic acid. While, in the case of Mg, P and Zn content, the maximum values were observed by application of 200 ppm humic acid. The maximum concentration of K, Cu, Mn were observed when plants were treated with 300 ppm humic acid. Regarding, pungency, content was determined as pyruvic acid development significantly increased with increase in concentration of humic acid applications. Our results also showed significant positive correlations between Mg and P, Mg and Zn, P and Zn, Cu and PAD, and S and PAD, respectively. Based on average values and ANOVA of overall variables, the highest result was observed by application of 300 ppm of humic acid followed by 400 and 200 ppm of humic acid, which may be the proper value addition in garlic bulb by enhancing the mineral nutritions and pyruvic acid development that needs to be studied in the future. Key words: Allium sativum L., humic acid, mineral nutritions, pungency.

Effect of Humic Acid Applications on the Root-Rot Diseases Caused by Fusarium spp. on Tomato Plants

Effect of Humic Acid Applications on the Root-Rot Diseases Caused by Fusarium spp. on Tomato Plants

Humic Acid Application Does Not Improve Salt Tolerance of Hydroponically Grown Creeping Bentgrass

Growth and mineral nutrient content of creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera (L.) var. palustris (Huds.) Farw.] in response to salinity and humic acid (HA) application were investigated, and the effects of HA application on salinity tolerance was evaluated. Bentgrass plugs were grown hydroponically in one-quarter-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution containing HA at 0 or 400 mg·L-1 with salinity levels of 0, 8.0, or 16.0 dS·m-1. Clipping dry weight (DW), tissue water content, and net photosynthesis (PN) were measured weekly for 1 month. Maximum root length, and root DW from 0 to 10 cm and >10 cm root zones were determined 31 days after treatment (DAT). The turfgrass plugs were mowed three times weekly, with clippings collected and dried for mineral nutrient analysis. Salinity was inversely related to clipping DW, tissue water content, PN, and maximum root length. Salinity had less effect on root growth than top growth. HA treatment did not affect tissue water content, PN, or root growth of salt-stressed turf. Salinity decreased uptake of N, P, K, Ca, and S; increased uptake of Mg, Mn, Mo, B, Cl, and Na; and had no influence on uptake of Fe, Cu, and Zn. Application of HA at 400 mg·L-1 during salinity stress neither increased uptake of the mineral nutrients inhibited by salinity, nor decreased uptake of nutrients which were excessive and toxic in the salinity solution. In general, application of HA did not improve salinity tolerance of creeping bentgrass.