Effect Of Hue Research Articles

The relationship between visual discomfort and cortical excitability in cone-opponent stimuli

Increased colour contrast can induce visual discomfort, but there is little research on the effect of hue. Colour is processed via one or more information streams or channels. We hypothesized that hues which activate more than one channel would induce greater visual discomfort, as they will demand greater neural resources. Normally-sighted young observers made discomfort judgments of isoluminant stimuli of varying hue and contrast whilst EEG was recorded. As predicted, stimuli recruiting more than one channel were more uncomfortable, and this increased with contrast. Uncomfortable stimuli showed increased N2 event-related potentials and decreased alpha-band oscillations, potentially indicating increased neural excitability. This is evidence that increased neural responses are related to visual discomfort for chromatic stimuli. Furthermore, it suggests that the origins of visual discomfort are in early visual areas, when colour is represented in a cone-opponent space, rather than later areas where colour representation is determined by perceptual similarity.

Supervised Classification of RGB Aerial Imagery to Evaluate the Impact of a Root Rot Disease

Aerial imaging provides a landscape view of crop fields that can be utilized to monitor plant diseases. Phymatotrichopsis root rot (PRR) is a serious root rot disease affecting several dicotyledonous hosts, including the perennial forage crop alfalfa. PRR disease causes stand loss by spreading as circular to irregular diseased areas that increase over time, but disease progression in alfalfa fields is poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to develop a workflow to produce PRR disease maps from sets of high-resolution red, green and blue (RGB) images acquired from two different platforms and to assess the feasibility of using these PRR disease maps to monitor disease progression in alfalfa fields. Aerial RGB images, two from unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and four images from a manned aircraft platform were acquired at different time points during the 2014–2015 growing seasons from a center-pivot irrigated, PRR-infested alfalfa field near Burneyville, OK. Supervised classification of images acquired from both platforms were performed using three spectral signatures: image-specific, UAS-platform-specific and manned-aircraft platform-specific. Our results showed that the UAS-platform-specific spectral signature was most efficient for classifying images acquired with the UAS, with accuracy ranging from 90 to 96%. In contrast, manned-aircraft-acquired images classified using image-specific spectral signatures yielded 95 to 100% accuracy. The effect of hue, saturation and value color space transformations (HSV and Hrot60SV) on classification accuracy was determined, but the accuracy estimates showed no improvement in their efficiency compared to the RGB color space. Finally, the data showed that the classification of the bare ground increased by 74% during the study period, indicating the extent of alfalfa stand loss caused by PRR disease. Thus, this study showed the utility of high-resolution RGB aerial images for monitoring PRR disease spread in alfalfa.

Quantitative characterization appreciation of golden citrine golden by the irradiation of [FeO4]4−

With the help of irradiation, [FeO4]4− was excited by one electron from ferric electronic shell, it absorbed the visible light of 550 nm, and then made crystal appears golden color which named citrine. 27 pieces citrine was confirmed as natural from 32 pieces golden citrine by IR technology, their color parameters were calculated by the colorimeter tests, then how could hue, lightness and chroma contribute to visual color were analyzed too. It reveals that chroma of natural citrines are negatively correlated with hue and lightness, by the control of hue angle on the impact of the chroma, the co-effect of hue and lightness of natural citrine produce moderate influence on chroma. Without the consideration of chroma influence on lightness, lightness and hue angle are high correlated (r = 0.924), it is tested the high linear correlation of citrine lightness and hue; while with the consideration of chroma influence on lightness, lightness and hue angle also high correlated (r = 0.897), and the high linear correlation of citrine lightness and hue is confirmed. It draws conclusion that in the limit the citrine golden, lightness should be regarded as the first factor when citrine quality evaluation was taken, with the most intuitive representative and most consistent with the expression of perception effect, then the effect of hue and chroma was considered furthermore.

The influence of color on impulsiveness and arousal: Part 2 – Chroma

AbstractIn the preceding Part 1, the effect of hue on impulsiveness and arousal was studied. From those results, yellow, red and orange were selected for further investigation since participants' performance was consistent with a low arousal state (high error rate and long response time) for the yellow background and high arousal state (low error rate and short response time) for the red background, whereas orange tended to result in high impulsiveness. This article will mainly investigate the fundamental theory of how chroma influences people's impulsiveness and arousal state. As in the previous article, the two main factors used to measure impulsiveness and arousal are also response time and error rate for each colored background. In the psychophysical experiment, participants were looking separately at backgrounds consisting of three hues (red, yellow and orange) with different chroma levels on screen to complete a range of psychometric tests. During the experiment, participants gave their response to the psychometric test as quickly and accurately as possible. From the results it can be seen that chroma has a significant influence on participants' response time and error rate, and influences impulsiveness and arousal. Gender difference will also be discussed in this article.

焼成皿の青色の色相，明度，彩度が料理に与える影響

焼成皿の青色の色相，明度，彩度が料理に与える影響

Applying LCS To Affective Image Classification In Spatial-Frequency Domain

Abstract Recent studies have utilizes color, texture, and composition information of images to achieve affective image classification. However, the features related to spatial-frequency domain that were proven to be useful for traditional pattern recognition have not been tested in this field yet. Furthermore, the experiments conducted by previous studies are not internationally-comparable due to the experimental paradigm adopted. In addition, contributed by recent advances in methodology, that are, Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) (i.e. Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Transform (HT)), the resolution of frequency analysis has been improved. Hence, the goal of this research is to achieve the affective image-classification task by adopting a standard experimental paradigm introduces by psychologists in order to produce international-comparable and reproducible results; and also to explore the affective hidden patterns of images in the spatial-frequency domain. To accomplish these goals, multiple human-subject experiments were conducted in laboratory. Extended Classifier Systems (XCSs) was used for model building because the XCS has been applied to a wide range of classification tasks and proved to be competitive in pattern recognition. To exploit the information in the spatial-frequency domain, the traditional EMD has been extended to a two-dimensional version. To summarize, the model built by using the XCS achieves Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.91 and accuracy rate over 86%. The result of the XCS was compared with other traditional machine-learning algorithms (e.g., Radial-Basis Function Network (RBF Network)) that are normally used for classification tasks. Contributed by proper selection of features for model building, user-independent findings were obtained. For example, it is found that the horizontal visual stimulations contribute more to the emotion elicitation than the vertical visual stimulation. The effect of hue, saturation, and brightness; is also presented.

The effect of hue on the perception of blackness using munsell samples

Although black is an important color, the perception of black objects has not been systematically examined. The purpose of this work was to determine the influence of hue on the perception of preferred blackness. A set of 20 glossy low chroma Munsell sheets were purchased comprising a complete hue circle with a value and chroma of two and one, respectively (L* = 19.3–20.75, and C* = 3.66–6.58). The Munsell samples were divided into two interleaved groups: (5R, 5YR, 5Y, 5GY, 5G, 5BG, 5B, 5PB, 5P, and 5RP) and (10R, 10YR, 10Y, 10GY, 10G, 10BG, 10B, 10PB, 10P, and 10RP). Fifty color‐normal observers force‐ranked the two sets of 10 samples from “most like black” to “least like black.” Observers then assessed a set of six samples that represented the three samples from each set of 10 that the observer chose to be “most like black.” The 50 observers were found to have fairly good autoconcordance and concordance values. In repeat experiments observers agreed with themselves in 81% of the pairwise decisions, and they agreed with the grand mean rank 76% of the time. The blue–green samples (with Munsell hue notations 10G, 5BG, and 10BG) were most selected (and were considered blackest), followed by green, blue, and purple–blue. The samples selected the fewest times by any observer as being most black were the red samples. The grand mean rankings demonstrate that greenish to bluish blacks are perceived by the observers as “blacker” than yellowish and reddish blacks. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 423–428, 2013

The magnitude of the Mueller-Lyer illusion as a function of hue, saturation, fundus pigmentation, and simulated aging.

Ninety-six female college students were tested to determine the effects of hue, saturation, fundus pigmentation, and simulated aging on the magnitude of the Muller-Lyer illusion. In the first experiment, main effects for hue and saturation as well as an interaction effect between them were found to be significant. In the second experiment, filters served to simulate receptor aging by decreasing the visual sensitivity of young adults. A significant main effect of hue and an interaction effect between hue and saturation were found. However, there was no significant effect for fundus pigmentation in either experiment. Comparative analysis of the two experiments showed that only the magnitude of the illusion produced by an unsaturated blue figure decreased significantly when viewed through aging-simulation filters.

The life-span trend in the magnitude of the Mueller-Lyer illusion as a function of hue and age.

Mueller-Lyer illustrations produced by hue contrast were used to investigate age differences with participants ranging in age from 20 to 79 years. As expected, there was no age difference in the magnitude of the illusion when the Mueller-Lyer figure was produced by hue contrast. A significant main effect of hue was found, with no interaction between hue and age. These findings support Pollack's nondevelopmental explanation for age effects on Type I illusions.

Effect of Hue, Saturation, and Intensity on Color Selection by the Onion Fly, Delia antiqua (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in the Field

Cardboard traps painted 48 chromatic or achromatic hues were used to study the attractiveness of colors to Delia antiqua (Meigen) within an onion field. White, the standard chosen for these studies, was always among the most attractive colors tested. With respect to hue, violet and blue were as attractive as white, and significantly more attractive than saturated hues with peak wavelengths between 480 and 700 nm. Yellow was not an attractive hue. Any saturated or unsaturated color that reflected wavelengths between 350 and 480 nm at an intensity greater than or equal to that of violet was as attractive as white. It is suggested that attractiveness of colors to D. antiqua in the field is determined by color hue or by saturation, and that the magnitude of a response elicited by hue or saturation is determined by the intensity of attractive key wavelengths. Brightness itself is not a determinant of attraction. White was determined to be the best color for use in a monitoring program for D. antiqua .

The Effect of Hue and Brightness on the Size-Illusion of Concentric Circles

In only a few of the many studies made on geometrical, optical illusions has the effect of hue been investigated. Benussi was the first to do so and he found in his study of the Z6llner illusion that hue had little effect on the illusion and that brightness had a differential effect when the figure was drawn in two colors which differed in brightness. When the vertical lines were of one color and the transverse lines of another, the illusion increased as the brightness-difference between the transverse lines and the background increased, and decreased as the brightness-differ. ence between the vertical lines and the background increased.1 If these results are corroborated by other experimenters and with other illusions, they will give us an explanation of the illusions of this type. In particular, they will decide the issue between the physiological theory of neural induction and the Gestalt theory that similarity is a decisive factor in phonemonal grouping. The size-illusion of concentric circles (see Fig. 1), described by Delboeuf in 1893,2 was selected for investigation because it has been used in recent years in numerous studies-particularly in Japan.3 The inner circle of B in Fig. 1 appears larger than Circle A which is physically the same in size; and the outer circle of B appears small than Circle C which again is physically the same in size.

THE EFFECT OF HUE AND BRIGHTNESS ON THE SIZE-ILLUSION OF CONCENTRIC CIRCLES

In only a few of the many studies made on geometrical, optical illusions has the effect of hue been investigated. Benussi was the first to do so and he found in his study of the Z6llner illusion that hue had little effect on the illusion and that brightness had a differential effect when the figure was drawn in two colors which differed in brightness. When the vertical lines were of one color and the transverse lines of another, the illusion increased as the brightness-difference between the transverse lines and the background increased, and decreased as the brightness-differ. ence between the vertical lines and the background increased.1 If these results are corroborated by other experimenters and with other illusions, they will give us an explanation of the illusions of this type. In particular, they will decide the issue between the physiological theory of neural induction and the Gestalt theory that similarity is a decisive factor in phonemonal grouping. The size-illusion of concentric circles (see Fig. 1), described by Delboeuf in 1893,2 was selected for investigation because it has been used in recent years in numerous studies-particularly in Japan.3 The inner circle of B in Fig. 1 appears larger than Circle A which is physically the same in size; and the outer circle of B appears small than Circle C which again is physically the same in size.