Effect Of Freeze-drying Process Research Articles

The effect of freeze-drying process and arabica coffee enrichment on bioactive content, aroma volatile, and sensory characteristics of date seed coffee

This study investigated the transformative effects of incorporating Arabica coffee as a natural additive to improve the overall quality and the sensory properties of date seed coffee. Furthermore, the impact of the freeze-drying process was assessed to provide scientific proof of the marketability of this new product. The enrichment of arabica coffee in the (C + DS) sample led to a higher extractable yield, phenolic content, and consequently a higher antioxidant capacity compared to decaffeinated date seed coffee (DS). (C + DS) coffee showed a volatile profile similar to Arabica coffee (C). It is characterized by an abundance of pyrazines, ketones, and furans and a greater number of potent odorants than (DS) coffee, giving a positive note to the drink. Furthermore, the freeze-dried coffees (C-L) released the highest number of volatile compounds. The perception of coffee was investigated throughout the sensory analysis, which confirmed that evaluators accepted the coffee mixture both before and after freeze drying.

Development and Evaluation of Letrozole-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid/Chitosan-Coated Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles

Letrozole (LTZ), an aromatase inhibitor with poor aqueous solubility, is used as the first line treatment for hormonal sensitive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The purpose of the current study is to develop hyaluronic acid (HA)/chitosan (Cs)-coated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles for the delivery of LTZ to improve therapeutic efficacy, control release and minimize side effects of LTZ. PLGA nanoparticles were prepared, and the effect of various parameters on particle size, surface charge, and encapsulation efficiency was extensively studied. The morphology of nanoparticles was visualized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and drug-polymer interactions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The in vitro release kinetics and effect of freeze-drying process on the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles were also evaluated. Moreover, the in vivo acute toxicities of blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles were assessed. PLGA nanoparticles exhibited nanosized (464.3 ± 2.1 nm) spherical particles, negative surface charge (zeta-potential of − 10.5 ± 0.4 mV), and high drug encapsulation efficiency of 63.9 ± 3.7% and sustained drug release pattern over 48 h. The in vivo acute toxicity study revealed that the nanoparticles were well tolerated at a dose of 300 mg/kg. HA/Cs-coated PLGA nanoparticles might provide a promising system for LTZ delivery and further investigations could confirm their potential efficacy in breast cancer therapy.

Effect of freeze drying process on keeping quality of static flower using floral freeze dryer

The study was conducted to explore the effect of selected preservation treatments on the quality of Statice flower in floral freeze dryer. Preservation of flowers in freeze drying process retains its pigment (colour) and structural parts (cells) and thus remains as fresh bloom for years. Prior to freeze drying process, flowers were treated with set of chemical compounds for retaining the inherent qualities in preserved flowers. The qualitative characteristics of flowers were evaluated by expert panel. Flowers treated with a chemical compound that had a blend of exchange medium colour preservatives, colour fixatives, buffers, modifiers, pH regulator, and shatter resistant compound (Ethyl vinyl acetate) resulted in flower that was closer to natural.

Effect of drying step on layered double hydroxides properties: Application in reactive dye intercalation

Freeze-dried sulfate intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDH) phase was synthetized by coprecipitation method via direct intercalation of sulfate anion. The effect of freeze-drying process on LDH properties was investigated. The resulting phase was evaluated for its efficiency in the intercalation of the reactive azo dye, Remazol Brilliant Red F3B (RR-F3B). The freeze-dried phase exhibited a low crystallinity and narrow particle size distribution compared to conventional LDH phases. The freezing step led to highly aggregated nanoparticles with a characteristic distance d003 of 8.12 Å. The preferential arrangement of the intercalated dye species was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results showed that RR-F3B molecules were partially accommodated between the LDH layers as single-layer with horizontal orientation. The effect of drying on morphological and structural properties can be attributed to several stresses during freezing and drying steps.

THE EFFECT OF ALLOGENIC FREEZE DRIED PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN RESPONSES INFLAMMATION REACTION OF RABBIT

This study aims to analyze the effects of allogenic freeze dried platelet-rich plasma in responses inflammation reaction of rabbit. The designs of this study are one group pretest posttest conducted to determine the effect of freeze drying on levels of TGF-β1 PRP and post test only control group design conducted to determine the effect of allogenic freeze dried PRP. Nine samples of PRP which examined levels of TGF-β1 before and after freeze drying were obtained from blood centrifugation of three rabbits. These nine samples were used as allogenic donor which injected intramuscularly in nine rabbits for the treatment groups. The control group used nine rabbits which was injected intramuscularly using autologous PRP. Both groups were observed inflammatory response. Measurement of TGF-β1 levels before and after freeze drying were tested statistically using T- test dependent. Data inflammatory response were tested statistically using T- test independent. The results showed that no effect of freeze drying process on levels of TGF-β1. Allogenic freeze dried PRP did not cause an iflammatory response.Keywords : autologous, allogenic, freeze dried platelet rich plasma, transforming growth factor- β1.

Effect of freeze-drying process on the physical stability and properties of Voriconazole complex system

ABSTRACTThis paper studied the effect of lyophilization together with annealing on the physical properties, such as critical micelle concentration, particle size, differential scanning calorimetry, and eutectic point. The freeze-drying method had successfully set up the Voriconazole complex system. Samples processed by lyophilization had slightly superiority compared to those without the lyophilization in terms of surface properties. Furthermore, this paper also investigated the physical stabilities of Voriconazole complex system related to cloud point thermodynamic and insoluble particles. Samples processed by lyophilization with annealing achieved better performance of physical stabilities than those without any process.

Effect of Freeze-Drying Process on the Property of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides in Grey Oyster Mushrooms

The effect of freeze-drying on the properties of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) peptide inhibitors in mushrooms was investigated. At least a two-fold higher amount of protein was extracted from freeze-dried compared to fresh fruiting bodies. Proteomic analysis showed freeze-drying has preserved a wide range of proteins in mushroom, including low abundance proteins which could be potential ACE inhibitors. The ACE inhibitory activity of proteins was not lost by freeze-drying. Therefore, freeze-drying could be applied for industrial-scale drying of mushroom fruiting bodies for the extraction of ACE inhibitory peptides from food for the production of functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Effect of freeze drying process on some properties of Streptococcus thermophilus isolated from dairy products

The present investigation represents the effect of freeze drying on some properties as acid and bile tolerance of Streptococcus thermophilus MTCC 1938 culture isolated from dairy products. The cell paste obtained from milk based medium was freeze dried with a pressure of 50-100 mtorr for 24h at -40°C. Acid and bile tolerance test exhibited 3.8-4.9 and 3.2-3.8 log counts reduction after freeze drying respectively.

Status of ram spermatozoa DNA after freeze-drying process

The process of freeze drying caused detrimental effect on plasma membrane and acrosome of the spermatozoa, even it potentially could alter the chromatin and DNA integrities. On the other hand, DNA integrity is essential for spermatozoa to participate in pronucleus formation during fertilization event. Therefore the evaluation of DNA integrity should be carried out to study the effect of freeze drying process. EDTA, EGTA, and PBS were used as dilution media of spermatozoa prior to freeze drying process to protect the DNA. Toluidine blue staining and comet assay methods were used to evaluate the alteration on chromatin and DNA integrities of spermatozoa, respectively. The results revealed that the highest compacted chromatin after 6 months storage of freeze-dried spermatozoa were observed from EGTA-3 (98%) and EGTA-1 (97%) treatments that had significant differences compared to all PBS treatments (90-92%), but not for fresh spermatozoa (100%). Whereas, the highest compacted DNA integrity of freeze-dried spermatozoa were observed from EGTA-2 (92%) and EGTA-3 (92%) but had no significant differences compared to other treatments including fresh spermatozoa (97%). These results demonstrate that EDTA and EGTA tend to be able to protect chromatin and DNA integrities of ram spermatozoa during freeze-drying and storage compared to PBS. Key Words : Freeze-Drying, Spermatozoa, DNA, Toluidine Blue, Comet Assay