Effects Of Emotional Support Research Articles

A Comprehensive Review on Emotional Support Delving into Concepts Functions Influential Factors and Theoretical Frameworks

To deepen the theoretical understanding of emotional support, this study selects 89 Chinese and English scholarly articles related to emotional support from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Elsevier, Wiley, JSTOR, and Taylor & Francis. Utilizing NVivo 12 for coding and framework construction, a comprehensive literature review is conducted across four dimensions: connotation, role, influencing factors, and theoretical models. The findings reveal the following: Firstly, researchers’ consensus that emotional support entails the expression of positive emotions such as concern, empathy, understanding, respect, trust, and encouragement towards others. Secondly, emotional support significantly enhances individuals' mental and physical health, and fosters students' learning engagement and academic achievement. Thirdly, the effectiveness of emotional support is influenced by the relationships between the supporter and the supported, as well as the broader supportive environment. Lastly, theoretical models of emotional support encompass the main effect model, the stress-buffering model, and the dynamic effect model.

Emotional Support in Online Teaching and Learning Environment: A Systematic Literature Review (2014–2023)

The provision of appropriate emotional support is influential in establishing a positive and stimulating online learning environment that can elevate students’ emotional well-being, improve their learning experience and enjoyment, and increase their academic achievements. In the present study we examine 16 papers on emotional support in online teaching and learning environments. We aim to understand (a) the emotional support given to online learners and (b) the effectiveness of emotional support in online teaching and learning environments. The review shows that the emotional support given to online learners includes empathy, understanding, motivation, and encouragement. These verbal and nonverbal emotional supports are mainly from teachers, family members, and peers as well as some online agents or applications. Most of the emotional supports influence online learners’ performance and have a favorable impact on their emotional states. The systematic review shows that there has been little research on technology-based emotional support and synchronous teaching and learning environments. We propose that more research should be carried out in these areas.

Variations in anxiety and emotional support among first-year college students across different learning modes (distance and face-to-face) during COVID-19.

College students with more emotional support experience lower levels of anxiety and other psychosocial and behavioral problems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emotional well-being of college students was additionally challenged by an abrupt shift to distance learning followed by a return to face-to-face classes. In this exploratory study, we compared the levels of perceived emotional support and anxiety among incoming first-year undergraduate students, prior to starting classes, which included different learning modes in five semesters of instruction from 2021-2023 (three distance semesters and two face-to-face semesters). Data from 8659 undergraduate students were extracted from a Mexican state university database, corresponding to students' responses collected during new student orientation week. Participants were students in the arts and humanities (9.7%), social and legal sciences (38%), life and health sciences (28.9%), and engineering and architecture (23.4%). Anxiety levels were measured with the GAD-7 scale, and emotional support was measured using a subscale of the PERACT-R (To go through with resilience) inventory. Comparisons of emotional support and anxiety scores among semesters revealed highly significant differences with small effect sizes. Anxiety levels increased significantly with mean average of 6.65 SD(5.52) during the baseline measure to the highest in 2022-2 to 7.53 SD(5.3) and Emotional Support decreased systematically each semester from baseline mean = 8.03 SD(2.0) to the lowest 7.52 SD(1.8) in 2022-2. The results show that a return to face-to-face classes was associated with increased anxiety levels, whereas levels of emotional support systematically decreased across the five semesters. MANOVA analysis revealed significant differences in anxiety and emotional support scores between semesters, with peaks during the learning mode semester that students returned to face-to-face classes after distance learning even after adjusting for gender. Given that the effect of emotional support on anxiety may be related to success in future educational and professional activities, it is important to develop interventions to restore and increase college students' emotional support levels and develop anxiety management strategies.

Analysis of the influential factors of the emotional health of patients with cancer based on the structural equation model: the role of social media and emotional support.

To explore the mental health status of patients with cancer and related influential factors and provide a scientific basis to reduce serious emotional problems, improve the quality of life of cancer survivors and adopt targeted interventions. A total of 517 patients who attended the oncology departments of six grade-A tertiary hospitals from July 2022 to September 2022 were selected by convenience sampling. The effects of emotional support, social media, patient-centred communication, health self-efficacy and cancer beliefs on the emotional well-being of patients with cancer were analysed based on the structural equation model. A Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation among the six latent variables (P<0.01). The structural equation model path analysis showed that health self-efficacy (β=0.374, P<0.001), cancer belief (β=0.214, P=0.003) and emotional support (β=0.104, P=0.031) all had positive effects on emotional health. The mediating effect results showed that cancer beliefs had a mediating effect on mental health in social media use (β=0.106, P=0.001), emotional support (β=0.028, P=0.002) and patient-centred communication (β=0.050, P=0.002). Further, health self-efficacy had mediating effects on mental health in emotional support (β=0.084, P=0.001) and patient-centred communication (β=0.098, P=0.001). By constructing structural equation models, this study found that emotional support, cancer beliefs and health self-efficacy showed a positive effect on the emotional well-being of patients with cancer. Further, it found a mediating role of health cancer beliefs on the impact of emotional support, social media use and patient-centred communication on mental health. Additionally, health self-efficacy has a mediating role regarding the effects of emotional support and patient-centred communication on mental health.

The effect of emotional support on postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Asia: A systematic review.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a chronic mood illness that typically develops in the first few months after giving birth. It affects 17.2% of women worldwide, and its deleterious consequences on infants, children, and mothers have elicited global public concern. Therefore, this paper aims to present an overview of the relationship between emotional support and PPD among postpartum mothers in the Asia region. An extensive search using various keywords was conducted in Science Direct, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, Springer Link, and Taylor Francis. The screening process was compliant with the PRISMA guideline, while the quality of the selected studies was assessed using the QuADS tool. The analysis included 15 research from 12 different countries with 6031 postpartum mothers. A decreased risk of PPD for postpartum mothers is shown to be significantly correlated with greater emotional support, and vice versa. Asian women are less likely to seek emotional assistance than other mothers, which is influenced by culture. There needs to be more research on the impact of culture on postpartum mothers' emotional support. Additionally, this review hopes to raise awareness among the mothers' friends and family as well as the medical community to be more attentive to postpartum mothers' emotional needs and offer specialized assistance.

Does intergenerational support affect older people’s social participation? An empirical study of an older Chinese population

As a means of social support, intergenerational support plays an essential role in encouraging older people to participate in society. Data on 3142 older adults were collected from the China Survey of Elderly Health Influencing Factors (CLHLS), and logistic regression models were used to determine the effects of several types of intergenerational support on social participation and whether self-rated health and life satisfaction mediated the associations between intergenerational support and social participation. Among all the three types of intergenerational support, the results showed that financial support and emotional support were positively associated with the social participation of the older Chinese in our sample. We observed rural–urban differences in the effects of financial support and emotional support on social participation, which were significant in the urban groups. Gender differences also exist in these relationships. The effects of emotional support on social participation were significant in both groups and the impact of financial support was obvious only in the female group. Regarding the mediating effect, financial support was found to improve the participants’ self-rated health, which enhanced their social participation. Emotional support increased the participants’ life satisfaction, which led to higher levels of social participation. Based on the findings of this study, policymakers should advocate to strengthen financial and emotional support from adult children in the community.

The Impact of Organizational Support, Environmental Health Literacy on Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in Rural Living Environment Improvement in China: Exploratory Analysis Based on a PLS-SEM Model

The active participation of farmers is not only a real demand to alleviate the dilemma of “free-rider” in improving the rural living environment but also a requirement of the Times to realize ecological sustainability and rural revitalization. The planning behavior theory tells us that improving farmers’ willingness is an important prerequisite for farmers’ activities. This paper constructs the analysis framework of “organizational support (government and village committee) → environmental health literacy → farmers’ willingness” from the actual practice of government-led rural living environment improvement. Using data from a sample of 1225 farmers in Gansu Province and Jiangsu Province, China, we empirically tested the mechanisms of organizational support on farmers’ willingness to participate in living environment improvement and the mediating effect of environmental health literacy using formative structural equation modeling. The study showed that organizational support positively affected farmers’ willingness to participate, the effect of emotional support was more potent than that of instrumental support, and there were regional differences in the relative effects of government support and village committee support on farmers’ willingness to participate. All four types of organizational support positively affected environmental health literacy, but the degree of the effect differed and showed regional heterogeneity. Among the direct effects of farmers’ environmental health literacy on their willingness to participate, basic skills made the highest contribution, followed by basic ideas and the lowest basic knowledge. Among the indirect effects, basic skills made the most significant contribution in the pathway of organizational support to increase farmers’ willingness to participate through fostering farmers’ environmental health literacy. The results can provide a theoretical basis for government and village committees to policy optimization and improve the system, improve the resource utilization of the government and village committees, improve farmers’ environmental health literacy, and change farmers’ participation attitude.

대학생의 정서적지지가 진로스트레스에 미치는 영향: 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로

대학생의 정서적지지가 진로스트레스에 미치는 영향: 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로

Emotional support from a digital assistant in technology-mediated services: Effects on customer satisfaction and behavioral persistence

In their traditional role, digital assistants in technology-mediated services provide customers with information, guidance, and suggestions. However, as the opportunities offered by technology and artificial intelligence increase, digital assistants can also provide emotional support, which refers to empathetic, reassuring expressions for customers who have failed or succeeded in fulfilling a task. We show across four experiments that emotional support offered by a digital assistant increases customer satisfaction (Study 1 and 2) and persistence (Study 3 and 4) in using technology-mediated services. The increase in satisfaction occurs via the perceived warmth of the digital assistant, and the increase in persistence via the serial mediation of perceived warmth and satisfaction. Further, the results of a moderated serial mediation show that the effect on persistence only occurs when a digital (but not when a human) assistant provides emotional support in technology-mediated services. Finally, the effect of emotional support on persistence occurs independently of the digital assistant's embodiment. Practitioners learn how to imbue technology-mediated services with a human touch, inducing favorable customer outcomes.

Evaluating the social value of online health information for third-party patients: Is uncertainty always bad?

Online health interactions (OHIs) can benefit patients, physicians, and society. However, little research has been conducted that studies the social value of OHIs for third-party patients who view previous OHIs concerning similar health issues to theirs. Drawing on the literature on social support and information uncertainty, this study established a theoretical model to explore the roles of treatment information, prevention information, and emotional support in determining information usefulness perceived by third-party patients, and whether such relationships are contingent on information uncertainty. The model was tested using “health questions and answers” textual data from 1,848 OHIs. The results indicate that prevention information and emotional support significantly improve information usefulness perceived by third-party patients. When the level of information uncertainty regarding physicians’ replies is high, the effect of treatment information is strengthened and the effect of emotional support is weakened, indicating both the bright and dark side of information uncertainty. This study has implications for practitioners and contributes to the literature on online health information, social support, information science, and information uncertainty.

Exploring the Online Doctor-Patient Interaction on Patient Satisfaction Based on Text Mining and Empirical Analysis

In the online health community, the doctor-patient interaction is one of the most important functional modules. A large volume of unstructured text data has been generated in the doctor-patient interaction process. This development is worth exploring. In this paper, we mainly explore the influences of online doctor-patient interaction content on patient satisfaction. We collected the online doctor-patient interaction text data from a big online health community (http://haodf.com) in China from January 2015 to December 2016, followed by the use of text mining and econometrics to test our hypotheses. The results indicate that the patient's activeness has a positive effect on a doctor's informational and emotional support. Furthermore, both a doctor's informational and emotional support are known to have a positive effect on patient satisfaction. More significantly, the effect of emotional support on patient satisfaction is more significant than that of informational support. In addition, the patient's disease severity strengthens the link between a doctor's informational and emotional support and that of patient satisfaction. This study has far-reaching significance for a better understanding of the doctor-patient interaction mechanism.

정신건강 상황인식과 정신건강 증진 행위의 관계 연구 : e-헬스 커뮤니케 이션의 매개효과와 정서적 지지 효 과를 중심으로

정신건강 상황인식과 정신건강 증진 행위의 관계 연구 : e-헬스 커뮤니케 이션의 매개효과와 정서적 지지 효 과를 중심으로

성인의 아동기 성학대가 정신화에 미치는 영향에서 외상경험 개방에 대한 정서적 지지의 조절효과

성인의 아동기 성학대가 정신화에 미치는 영향에서 외상경험 개방에 대한 정서적 지지의 조절효과

Can you get emotional support through a screen? A look into digital and in-person emotional support and emotion regulation

Social support is positively related to overall well-being and relationship quality with others, and specifically, may help with successful emotion regulation (Himle, Jayaratne, &amp; Thyness, 2008; Liang, Ho, Li, &amp; Turban, 2014; Strine, Chapman, Balluz, &amp; Mokdad, 2008; Thoits, 2011). With the rapid increase in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), much social support is now sought and received digitally rather than in person, which involves different methods of interacting with others. The current study examines the indirect effects of seeking and receiving social support both digitally and in-person on the relationship between emotion intensity and emotion regulation success. Two hundred participants were recruited from the Queen’s University psychology participant pool. Participants were prompted through a smart phone experience sampling app three times a day for two weeks to answer questions about their emotions and social support. We predict that emotion intensity will be related to lower emotion regulation success but more seeking and receiving social support. We also predict that seeking and receiving social support will be related to each other and that they will both be related to higher emotion regulation success. Additionally, it is expected that seeking and receiving emotional support in-person and digitally will be part of two indirect pathways from emotion intensity and emotion regulation success. The current study will provide information on whether digital emotional support has equivalent beneficial effects on emotion regulation as in-person emotional support, which could inform targets for future emotion regulation interventions.&#x0D;

The Mediating Effects of Emotional Support and Self-compassion on the Relationships between Loneliness Caused by Interpersonal Stress Events and Post-adversity Growth

The Mediating Effects of Emotional Support and Self-compassion on the Relationships between Loneliness Caused by Interpersonal Stress Events and Post-adversity Growth

The Moderating Effect of Emotional Support between Job Stress and Burnout of 119 Ambulance Workers

The Moderating Effect of Emotional Support between Job Stress and Burnout of 119 Ambulance Workers

When and how Workplace Social Support Improves Family Performance

This research investigates the simple and conditional indirect effects of emotional and instrumental family related social support from coworkers on relationship and task family performance. Work to family enrichment is incorporated as mediator and family role salience as the conditional moderator. Primary data were collected through the Likert type of survey questionnaire from the employees working in banking sector of Pakistan (N = 401). It was found that emotional and instrumental family related social support from coworkers have significant effect on relationship and task family performance. Further, the effect of emotional support were more on relationship and the effect of instrumental were more on task family performance. Work to family enrichment was found as mediator in the relationship between social support types and family performance types. Family role salience was found as the conditional moderator in the indirect relationship between both types of social support and both types of family performance. This study will help managerial practitioners and researchers to understand the direct and conditional indirect effects of two specific types of social support (i.e., emotional and instrumental) on two specific types of family performance (i.e., relationship and task).

Correlates of Treatment Readiness among Formerly Incarcerated Homeless Women.

Treatment readiness is a key predictor of drug treatment completion, rearrest, and recidivism during community reentry; however, limited data exists among homeless, female ex-offenders (HFOs). The purpose of this study was to present baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of 130 HFOs who had been released from jail or prison. Over half (60.8%) of HFOs had a treatment readiness score of ≥ 40 (n = 79, μ = 40.2, SD = 8.72). Bivariate analyses revealed that methamphetamine use, psychological well-being, and high emotional support were positively associated with treatment readiness. On the other hand, depressive symptomology and depression/anxiety scores were negatively associated with the treatment readiness score. Multiple linear regression revealed that depressive symptomology was negatively associated with treatment readiness (β = -0.377; p = .001). Further analyses revealed that the effect of emotional support on treatment readiness was mediated by depressive symptomatology.

A Diary Study on Work-Related Perseverative Cognition and Employees’ Need for Recovery The Role of Emotional Support from Family and Neuroticism

&lt;p&gt;Daily Work-related Perseverative Cognition (WPC) increases employees’ need for recovery by maintaining physical activation of work-related stressors, thus depleting employees’ resources further. The aim of this study was to highlight factors that influence the WPC/need for recovery relationship on a daily basis. It is hypothesized that daily satisfaction with emotional support from family would have both a direct and a moderating effect on the relationship between employees’ daily WPC and need for recovery. Since individuals higher in neuroticism tend to report more distress symptoms and perseverative cognition, it was expected that neuroticism would: (1) have a direct effect on WPC and need for recovery, (2) accentuate the WPC/need for recovery relationship and (3) reduce the buffering effect of emotional support from family on need for recovery. A sample of 31 employees completed diaries for five consecutive days before sleep (122 data points). Results from hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed that daily family support had no direct effect on daily need for recovery. However, daily family support buffered the WPC/need for recovery relationship but only among individuals low in neuroticism. For those high in neuroticism, daily family support was not associated with a reduction of daily need for recovery from work after resources had been depleted due to WPC. These findings suggest that individual characteristics (neuroticism) should be considered in order to interpret the effect of key resources (family support) on recovery. The discussion highlights how organizations can foster family support and offer alternative strategies for those higher in neuroticism.&lt;/p&gt;

Emotional Support – Methodological Aspects of Measuring the Quality of Comfort-intended Communication

Abstract The aim of this article is to present methodological aspects of research on comforting language skills, evaluating the quality and sophistication of supportintended messages, and explaining key factors underlying the potential effectiveness of emotional support in case of “emotional conflicts”. Research proves that the core of support-intended message is “person centeredness”, defined as the ability to explicitly acknowledge and elaborate, legitimize the subjective perspective of a distressed partner [Burleson 2010]. Empirical operationalization of this concept underlies the development of hierarchical coding system for sensitivity of comforting strategies, which nowadays is one of the most popular tools to evaluate the quality of supporting communication. The main assumptions of this coding system have been presented, together with its structure and criteria of analyzing the potential comforting effectiveness. At the end, cultural stereotypes and misconceptions descending the quality of support-intended behaviours were addressed.