Effects Of Dispositional Mindfulness Research Articles

Psychological capital mediates the mindfulness-creativity link: the perspective of positive psychology.

The positive mindfulness-creativity link has been widely documented; however, its underlying psychological mechanisms remain less understood. From the perspective of positive psychology, this study examined the mediating effect of psychological capital (PsyCap) on the effect of dispositional mindfulness on creative functioning. A total of 894 Chinese secondary school students in Hong Kong (50.8% female; M age = 15.5 years) completed the study. A cross-sectional design was used, in which context PsyCap and dispositional mindfulness were assessed by the Chinese version of the revised Compound PsyCap Scale (CPC-12R) and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), respectively. Moreover, by adopting the multiple-measurement approach to creativity, three commonly used creativity tests (i.e., the Wallach-Kogan Creativity Test/WKCT, the Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production/TCT-DP, and the Creative Problem-Solving Test/CPST) were applied to capture three aspects of creativity (i.e., divergent thinking, creative combination, and creative problem solving). The results suggest that (1) PsyCap partially but significantly mediated the mindfulness-creativity link for all three aspects of creative functioning, and (2) PsyCap demonstrated the strongest effect size in mediating the mindfulness-creativity link for creative problem solving, followed by creative combination and then divergent thinking. These results, on the one hand, support the positive psychology perspective by confirming a positive psychological resource mechanism regarding the relationship between mindfulness and creativity. On the other hand, the results regarding the varied sizes of the mediation effect further enrich the discourse on this perspective by showing that the mediation mechanism may function to different degrees depending on which aspect of creativity is under consideration. These findings illuminate the positive functioning of mindfulness, psychological resources/capital and creativity.

Self-compassion mediates the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and athlete burnout among adolescent squash players in South Africa.

Dispositional mindfulness has been found to positively impact athlete burnout. Furthermore, self-compassion has been identified as a potential mechanism of action through which mindfulness is related to lower rates of athlete burnout. However, this interaction has yet to be investigated among adolescents. To determine whether self-compassion mediates the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and athlete burnout among adolescent squash players in South Africa. Competitive adolescent squash players (n=158) from two provinces in South Africa completed measures of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion and athlete burnout. Intercorrelations were calculated between the three variables. An ordinary least squares regression analysis was performed to test the indirect effect of self-compassion on the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and the three components of athlete burnout. Both dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion were negatively related to athlete burnout, while displaying positive correlations with each other. Self-compassion was found to partially mediate the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and a sense of reduced accomplishment (b = -0.075; 95% CI [-0.037; -0.012]), as well as the association between dispositional mindfulness and sport devaluation (b = -0.056; 95% CI [-0.099; -0.022]). The relationship between dispositional mindfulness and exhaustion was, however, not mediated by self-compassion (b = -0.002; 95% CI [-0.052; 0.049]). The effect of dispositional mindfulness on certain components of athlete burnout is partially mediated by self-compassion among adolescent athletes. Based on the current findings, interventions aimed at increasing mindfulness among adolescent athletes appear to be a potential avenue by which to reduce certain aspects of burnout, partially through increasing self-compassion.

Mindfulness and false memories: state and dispositional mindfulness does not increase false memories for naturalistic scenes presented in a virtual environment

Mindfulness attracted increased research interests in the last decade, reporting an overall beneficial effect of this practice on cognitive performances. Nevertheless, recently a possible detrimental impact of mindfulness has been underlined. While the effect of mindfulness on memory remains under-explored, recent studies have observed an increased false-memory susceptibility after mindfulness practice. A possible explanatory mechanism has been suggested, related to the nature of the studied material. For semantically related information, mindfulness would increase false memories; however, the addition of rich perceptual information could prevent this detrimental effect. The present study aimed to verify this hypothesis by testing the impact of state mindfulness induced by a short meditation session, and dispositional mindfulness on the production of false memory for pictorial material presented in a complex virtual environment. We employed a virtual reality version of the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm (DRM), a classical protocol to induce false memories. Contrary to previous studies, we did not observe any effect of mindfulness on false or correct memories (free recall and recognition) after a short mindfulness practice session compared to a control condition. Nonetheless, we found a beneficial effect of mindfulness practice on memory sensitivity. Additionally, we reported a positive and negative effect of dispositional mindfulness on memory outcomes. While the Non-Reactivity facet was associated with overall better memory performances, we observed an association between the Acting with Awareness facet and an increased recollection of lures. We discuss these findings in line with a recent proposal on the link between mindfulness and episodic memory.

Dispositional mindfulness and mental health in Hong Kong college students: The mediating roles of decentering and self‐acceptance

ObjectiveAlthough numerous studies have supported an association between dispositional mindfulness and individuals' mental health, the mechanism on how mindfulness exerts its effect is still unclear. This study aimed to examine decentering and self‐acceptance as two potential mediating variables between college students' dispositional mindfulness and mental health.MethodParticipants were 231 college students (female = 68%, Mage = 18.54) from Hong Kong, China. They completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, General Health Questionnaire, scales of Decentering and Self‐acceptance.ResultsDispositional mindfulness was negatively related to mental health problems, and this relationship was significantly mediated by both decentering and self‐acceptance. These two mediating variables accounted for 28% variance of mental health problems. In addition, the indirect effect with decentering as mediating variable minus the indirect effect with self‐acceptance as mediating variable was significant. This result indicated that self‐acceptance contributed more than decentering to the indirect effect of dispositional mindfulness on mental health.ConclusionThis research shed light upon the mechanism underlying mindfulness and mental health among college students and highlighted the needs to consider the important roles of self‐acceptance and decentering in the effect of mindfulness when predicting college students' mental health.

Abstract P212: Depressive Symptoms Mediate the Relationship Between Dispositional Mindfulness and Diet Quality Among Healthy Midlife Adults

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that mindfulness, a practice of non-judgmental awareness of present experience, may reduce eating psychopathology and emotion-driven eating. However, few studies have explored the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and diet quality or sought to identify factors that mediate the effect of dispositional mindfulness on diet quality. Methods: Community-dwelling midlife participants ( N = 406; M age = 43.19, SD = 7.26; M BMI = 27.08, SD = 5.28; 52% female) reported dispositional mindfulness using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and perceived stress using the Perceived Stress Scale. Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was derived. Direct and mediating effects of dispositional mindfulness, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress on overall HEI scores were analyzed using the mediation package in R with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals (BootCI). Age, sex, education and BMI were entered as covariates in all models. Results: Higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with higher diet quality ( β = 0.095, p = 0.04). Depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and overall diet quality (average causal mediation effect [ACME] = 0.6962, BootCI = 0.104-1.42, p = 0.03) such that higher mindfulness was associated with higher overall diet quality through lower depressive symptoms. Perceived stress was significantly negatively correlated with dispositional mindfulness ( β = -0.310, p <0.01) but was not related to diet quality ( β = -0.039, p = 0.44) and therefore did not mediate the relationship between mindfulness and diet quality (ACME = 0.173, BootCI = -0.261-0.65, p = 0.46). Conclusions: These cross-sectional data provide initial evidence that dispositional mindfulness may relate to diet quality among midlife adults, an effect that may be explained in part by lesser depressive symptomatology. Given that lifestyle behaviors in midlife are leading determinants of risk for cardiovascular and neurocognitive disease in late life, interventions targeted at enhancing mindfulness in midlife may plausibly mitigate disease risk. Additional research assessing the impact of mindfulness interventions on diet quality are warranted.

Self-Compassion as a Mediator in the Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Anxiety and Aggressiveness in College Students with Left-Behind Experience

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Self-Compassion as a Mediator in the Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Anxiety and Aggressiveness in College Students with Left-Behind Experience

Self-Compassion as a Mediator in the Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Anxiety and Aggressiveness in College Students with Left-Behind Experience

Does dispositional mindfulness moderate how individuals engage in their passions? An investigation into video games

ABSTRACTThe Dualistic Model of Passion (DMP) is an emerging framework in social psychology that assesses individuals’ passion for an activity. Although a passion parallels the definition for a serious leisure activity, the DMP further differentiates between a harmonious (HP) versus an obsessive (OP) passion, which are associated with adaptive versus maladaptive outcomes, respectively. Building on recent research in the area of mindfulness and the growing interest in problem video gaming, the present study explores the effect of dispositional mindfulness on reports of HP and OP. An online sample of adult video game users (N = 1,124; 68.95% male) completed assessments of their passion for video gaming as well as their dispositional mindfulness. Results revealed a negative association between dispositional mindfulness and OP for video gaming, but no association between dispositional mindfulness and HP for video gaming. Further, a moderation effect was found such that high dispositional mindfulness appears to protect against internalizing an OP for video gaming. Finally, results from a latent profile generally supported the role dispositional mindfulness plays in reducing the severity of OP for video gaming. The implications for theory and positive video game engagement are discussed.

Parental Mindfulness and Preschool Children’s Emotion Regulation: the Role of Mindful Parenting and Secure Parent-Child Attachment

Dispositional mindfulness has been demonstrated to play a key role in influencing individuals’ psychological functioning. Recently, the effects of dispositional mindfulness have been extended to interpersonal processes within the family context. Research has shown that parents’ dispositional mindfulness also has implications for children’s development. However, the mechanisms through which parental mindfulness contributes to child development outcomes need to be further elucidated. The present study aimed to examine the influence of parents’ dispositional mindfulness on preschool children’s emotion regulation and the role of mindful parenting and parent-child attachment in explaining this association in a Chinese sample. A total of 472 parents (74.4% mothers) of preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years reported on their dispositional mindfulness, mindful parenting, parent-child attachment, and their children’s emotion regulation. Dispositional mindfulness was related to higher levels of mindful parenting (β = .61, p < .001), which in turn facilitated parent-child attachment (β = .59, p < .001), thereby contributing to preschoolers’ lower emotional lability/negativity (β = − .24, p = .005) and higher adaptive emotion regulation (β = .49, p < .001). Bootstrapping indicated that the indirect paths from parental mindfulness to children’s emotional lability/negativity (95% CI = − .30, − .10) and adaptive emotion regulation (95% CI = .27, .50) through mindful parenting and parent-child attachment were significant. The association between parental mindfulness and preschoolers’ emotion regulation was serially explained by mindful parenting and parent-child attachment.

Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Perceived Stress Scores of Engineering Students: An Empirical Study

Effect of Dispositional Mindfulness on Perceived Stress Scores of Engineering Students: An Empirical Study

Mindfulness, Movement Control, and Attentional Focus Strategies: Effects of Mindfulness on a Postural Balance Task

We examined whether the momentary induction of state mindfulness benefited subsequent balance performance, taking into consideration the effects of dispositional mindfulness. We also tested whether our mindfulness induction, grounded in sustaining moment-to-moment attention, influenced the attentional focus strategies that were adopted by the participants during the balancing task. Balance performance was ascertained based on approximate entropy (ApEn) of the center of pressure (COP) data. The study involved 32 males (age: M = 22.8, SD = 1.94) who were randomly assigned to the mindfulness or control group. Using difference in pretest to posttest performance based on the medio-lateral movements as the dependent variable, the test for interaction showed that the mindfulness induction was more effective for participants with higher dispositional mindfulness. Participants who underwent mindfulness induction also reported greater use of external focus strategies than those in the control group. Results suggest that momentary mindful attention could benefit balance performance and affect the use of attentional focus strategies during movement control.

P02.134. Effect of dispositional mindfulness on recovery from an acute laboratory stressor

Author(s): Corey, S; Moran, P; Koslov, K; Daubenmier, J; Mendes, W; Bacchetti, P; Acree, M; Kemeny, M; Goldman, V; Hall, M; Epel, E; Hecht, F

Effects of dispositional mindfulness on the self-controlled learning of a novel motor task

Current literature suggests that mindful learning is beneficial to learning but its links with motor learning is seldom examined. In the present study, we examine the effects of learners' mindfulness disposition on the self-controlled learning of a novel motor task. Thirty-two participants undertook five practice sessions, in addition to a pre-, post- and retention test. Choices of difficulty after each outcome were recorded. They also provided subjective assessment of enjoyment after the sessions. Results show that the high mindfulness group performed significantly better during pre- and post-tests, but no difference is found for retention test. The mindfulness group also tended to adopt adaptive strategies in their selection of difficulty. Finally, mean enjoyment scores among the high mindfulness group were significantly higher. The findings suggest that mindfulness may be a positive quality that can enhance the process of motor learning.