Effects Of Different Training Research Articles

Application of role reversal and standardized patient simulation (SPS) in the training of new nurses

PurposeTo explore the effect of role reversal and standardized patient simulation on the training of new nurses.MethodThis study was conducted in a territory hospital in China between August 2021 and August 2022. The selected staff were all newly recruited and trained nurses, with a total of 58 cases. This study is a randomised controlled trial. The selected nurses were randomly divided into two groups. One group of 29 nurses (the control group) received routine training and assessment; the other group (the experimental group) was given role reversal combined with a standardized vertebral patient training examination. The implementation effects of different training and assessment methods were compared and analysed.ResultsBefore the training, the core competence scores of nurses in the two groups were lower, and there was no significant data difference (P > 0.05). After training, the core competence scores of nurses were improved, and the score of nurses in the experimental group was 165.49 ± 22.34. The difference was statistically significant when compared with the score of nurses in the control group (P < 0.05), indicating that nurses in the experimental group had better abilities. At the same time, the satisfaction of the two groups of nurses with the training was 96.55% (experimental group) and 75.86% (control group), and the difference in data was significant (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of the experimental group of nurses was higher, and the training effect was better.ConclusionIn the training of new nurses, the combined application of role interchange and standardized patient training and assessment methods has significant effects, which can improve the core competency of nurses and improve the training satisfaction of nurses, which is significant.

Effects of different training on diastolic blood pressure of female college level students

Effects of different training on diastolic blood pressure of female college level students

The role of primary physician training in improving regional standardized management of diabetes: a pre-post intervention study

BackgroundHierarchical diagnosis and treatment has been gradually implemented throughout the China. Primary physicians are the main force in primary-level medical and health services, which means that standardized training of primary-level doctors is indispensable.ObjectivesEvaluation of the effect of primary physician training on standardized management of diabetes, and comparison of the effects of different training models.MethodThe study selected 24 community health service centers from 4 cities in Liaoning Province, and consisted of two groups: primary physicians (n = 2083) who received training; and patients with diabetes (n = 585) in community health service centers. Short-term training effects on primary physicians were assessed through diabetes knowledge tests at baseline and at the end of training; the long-term effects of training on patients with diabetes were assessed by questionnaires at baseline and 1 year after training. The differences in training effects between different training models were compared. Complication screening results were also assessed.ResultsAfter training, the primary physicians’ knowledge of diabetes diagnosis and treatment improved (p < 0.05). The complication screening rate of local diabetes patients increased from 22.2% before training to 27.7% 1 year after training (p = 0.033). There were significant differences in the training effect between different training models (p = 0.038). The short-term intensive training group demonstrated the greatest training effect, primary physicians under this training model are more likely to conduct standardized screenings for patients (OR = 1.806, 95%CI 1.008–3.233), and the complication screening rate was the highest (37.6%).ConclusionThis study shows that training of primary physicians is an effective way to improve the standardized management of diabetes, by improving the ability of primary physicians to manage diabetes in a standardized manner, so that patients in primary hospitals receive more comprehensive diagnosis and treatment services. Compared with scattered training throughout the year, short-term intensive training was found to be more effective.

On the robustness of generalization of drug\u2013drug interaction models

BackgroundDeep learning methods are a proven commodity in many fields and endeavors. One of these endeavors is predicting the presence of adverse drug–drug interactions (DDIs). The models generated can predict, with reasonable accuracy, the phenotypes arising from the drug interactions using their molecular structures. Nevertheless, this task requires improvement to be truly useful. Given the complexity of the predictive task, an extensive benchmarking on structure-based models for DDIs prediction was performed to evaluate their drawbacks and advantages.ResultsWe rigorously tested various structure-based models that predict drug interactions using different splitting strategies to simulate different real-world scenarios. In addition to the effects of different training and testing setups on the robustness and generalizability of the models, we then explore the contribution of traditional approaches such as multitask learning and data augmentation.ConclusionStructure-based models tend to generalize poorly to unseen drugs despite their ability to identify new DDIs among drugs seen during training accurately. Indeed, they efficiently propagate information between known drugs and could be valuable for discovering new DDIs in a database. However, these models will most probably fail when exposed to unknown drugs. While multitask learning does not help in our case to solve the problem, the use of data augmentation does at least mitigate it. Therefore, researchers must be cautious of the bias of the random evaluation scheme, especially if their goal is to discover new DDIs.

Effect of KIDNET, Karma Yoga Teaching and Nostalgic Street Games on the Self Knowledge of Orphan Girls

Self-knowledge is an intrinsic part of the personality. It helps an individual to have complete knowledge about their values and instincts. It's motivates in achieving the goals and helps in regulating and modifying the behavior of an individual. The present study has been conducted to determine the effect of different training on the self knowledge of orphan girls. For the study 20 orphan girls from Nari-Niketan of Udhampur district having low self knowledge has been selected for the training. The training was given to the three groups and one was control group. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) has been used to measure the effect of different training on the self knowledge of orphan girls. To find out the significant difference levene's test was employed for the pair wise comparison to find out the mean difference between the different training groups and control group at 0.5 level of significance. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that there is significant difference was showed between the “Karma yoga teaching and Nostalgic Street games”, with p value 0.46. “Control and Karma yoga teaching group”, with p value 0.00, “KIDNET and Nostalgic Street games”, with p value 0.25. “Control and Nostalgic Street games”, with p value 0.00 and “Control and KIDNET”, with p value 0.00. There was insignificant difference was showed between the “Karma yoga teaching and KIDNET”, with p value. 806. Hence it is concluded that KIDNET, karma yoga teaching and Nostalgic street games shows significant difference in improving the self knowledge among orphan girls as compare to control group but no significant difference is showed between the Karma yoga teaching and KIDNET group.

Effects of Long-Term Exercise Interventions on Glycaemic Control in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review.

Aim: Physical activity is one of the cornerstones in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus, but the effects of different training forms on metabolic control still remain unclear. The aims of this review are to summarize the recommendations of 5 selected diabetes associations and to systematically review the effects of long-term supervised exercise interventions without calorie-restriction on glycemic control in people with type 1 and 2 diabetes focusing on resistance, endurance and combined training consisting of both endurance and resistance training. Methods: Literature searches were performed using MEDLINE for articles published between January 1, 2000 and March 17, 2015. Of 76 articles retrieved, 15 randomized and controlled studies met the inclusion criteria and allowed for examining the effect of exercise training in type 1 and 2 diabetes. Results: Diabetes associations recommend volume-focused exercise in their guidelines. In our analysis, all 3 training forms have the potential to improve the glycemic control, as assessed by HbA1c (absolute changes in HbA1c ranging from -0.1% to -1.1% (-1.1 to -12 mmol/mol) in resistance training, from -0.2% to -1.6% (-2.2 to -17.5 mmol/mol) in endurance training and from +0.1% to -1.5% (+1.1 to -16.4 mmol/mol) in combined training, respectively). Conclusions: There is evidence that combined exercise training may improve glycemic control to a greater extent than single forms of exercise, especially under moderate-intensive training conditions with equal training durations. In addition, intensity of training appears to be an important determinant of the degree of metabolic improvement. Nonetheless, it is still unknown to what extent exercise effects glycemic homeostasis.

The effect of type of training in operational and servicing tasks on changes in self-efficacy

Employee Training and Development (T&D) should address not only their knowledge & skills but attitude & self-perception as well. The effects of T&Ds are not identical. The study investigates the varying effects of different trainings for operational and servicing tasks. The findings would aid to motivate employees and to design effective T&Ds. The study utilized an experimental design. The data was analyzed using two factor analysis of variance technique. The effect of different types of trainings on self-efficacy (SE) found to be vary from one task to another. The mastery experience remains as the most effective training for both tasks. The effects of vicarious experience and verbal persuasion are less predictive. Employee T&Ds are needed to base on the evaluation of relative effect of SE antecedents for a specific task. This will improve the effectiveness of T&Ds while keeping the cost of them lowest as possible.

Histopathological effects of different high-intensity movement trainings on articular cartilage in rabbits

目的 研究不同模式高强度运动训练对关节软骨组织病理学方面的影响,了解不同运动所致关节软骨过劳性损伤的病变始动因素及病理特点.方法 40只新西兰大白兔随机分为三组:对照组(8只)、跑步组(16只)以及蹦跳组(16只).跑步组与蹦跳组动物每日分别施行高强度跑步与蹦跳训练.实验动物分别于训练4、8周时处死取材.膝关节软骨做病理组织学检查,分别行光电镜显微观察以及葡萄糖胺聚糖(GAG)、关节软骨及软骨下骨厚度、坏死细胞率、Mankin病理学评分等检测.结果 显微观察显示两组训练动物在训练4周时便开始有膝关节软骨过劳性损伤早期改变,8周时损伤改变进一步加重.4周时,蹦跳组GAG含量明显低于对照组及跑步组,跑步组死亡细胞率明显高于对照组以及蹦跳组,跑步组和蹦跳组Mankin评分明显高于对照组;8周时,跑步组GAG含量明显低于对照组,死亡细胞率与Mankin评分明显高于对照组.蹦跳组GAG含量、软骨下骨厚度明显低于对照组,死亡细胞率与Mankin评分明显高于对照组.跑步组与蹦跳组在GAG含量与坏死细胞率间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 较长时间高强度的蹦跳与跑步运动均容易产生关节软骨运动性损伤.跑步运动所致损伤早期多表现为软骨细胞损伤,而蹦跳运动则以基质流失为主要表现。

Training of self-regulatory and problem-solving competence

The effects of different trainings on the acquisition of mathematical problem-solving and self-regulation were studied with 249 eighth-graders. The study was conducted with 4 different trainings in German grammar schools. Each training consisted of six 90-min sessions on a weekly basis. The results confirm that it is possible to improve mathematical problem-solving and self-regulation competence through this kind of short training. The evaluation shows that the combination of self-regulatory and problem-solving strategies leads to the best effects for the improvement of self-regulatory competences. Furthermore, it is possible to improve problem-solving by practicing problem-solving and self-regulatory strategies or a combination of both.

Effect of different training on solution of Katona's match‐stick problems

Stinessen, L. Effect of different training on solution of Katona's match‐stick problems. Scand. J. Psychol., 1973, 14, 106–110.‐Transfer of training when solving matchstick problems was studied under five different training procedures. Efficiency of training depended on how exactly a given principle specified relevant parts of the transfer problems. Limits to the efficiency of a principle were found when the parts specified by the principle were difficult to localize due to characteristics of particular problems.