Effect Of Different Probiotics Research Articles

Assessment of Probiotics' Impact on Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Responses in Zebrafish Models: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder Therapy.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder; the prevalence of which has been on the rise with unknown causes. Alterations in the gut-brain axis have been widely recognized in ASD patients, and probiotics are considered to potentially benefit the rescuing of autism-like behaviors. However, the effectiveness and mechanisms of multiple probiotics on zebrafish models are still not clearly revealed. This study aims to use the germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised (CR) AB wild-type zebrafish and the mutant Tbr1b-/- and Katnal2-/- lines as human-linked ASD animal models to evaluate the effects of multiple probiotics on mitigating developmental and behavioral defects. Results showed that the addition of probiotics increased the basic important developmental indexes, such as body length, weight, and survival rate of treated zebrafish. Moreover, the Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus affected the behavior of CR zebrafish by increasing their mobility, lowering the GF zebrafish manic, and mitigating transgenic zebrafish abnormal behavior. Moreover, the expression levels of key genes related to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT) as important neuropathways to influence the appearance and development of autism-related disorders, including gad1b, tph1a, htr3a, th, and slc6a3, were significantly activated by some of the probiotics' treatment at some extent. Taken together, this study indicates the beneficial effects of different probiotics, which may provide a novel understanding of probiotic function in related diseases' therapy.

Efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.

Introduction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the quality of life of numerous people worldwide.Gap statement. The therapeutic role of gut microbiota modulation in IBS remains controversial.Aim. We aimed to assess the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics in patients with IBS.Methodology. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 1 August 2023, to identify the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics among patients with IBS. Pooled analyses of the effects of probiotics in relieving IBS symptoms were calculated using a random-effects model. Further subgroup analyses were performed by different genera, doses and duration of treatment.Results. Our final analysis included 52 trials involving 6289 IBS patients. Probiotics significantly increased the overall response rate (RR:1.64; P<0.00001), subjective relief rate (RR:1.50; P=0.0002) and abdominal pain relief rate (RR:1.69; P<0.00001). As for specific genera, mixed probiotics (RR:1.41; P=0.0001), Bifidobacterium (RR:1.76; P<0.00001), Lactobacillus (RR:1.97; P=0.0004) and Saccharomyces (RR:1.31; P=0.0004) markedly relieved IBS symptoms. Mixed probiotics (RR:1.31; P=0.005), Lactobacillus (RR:2.22; P=0.04) and Bifidobacterium (RR:1.62; P<0.0001) elevated patients' subjective relief rate. Besides, probiotics effectively relieved the abdominal pain in IBS patients (RR:1.69; P<0.00001). Probiotics appeared to show a remarkable beneficial role at a dose of 109 c.f.u./day or above (RR:1.662; P<0.0001) and started to work at 4 weeks (RR 1.72; P<0.00001). Efficacy of prebiotics and synbiotics in IBS remained uncertain, due to the deficiency of available RCTs.Conclusions. Probiotics have a therapeutic role in IBS. However, the effect of different probiotics varies. The minimal effective dose of probiotics may be 109 c.f.u./day. With appropriate probiotic formula, the therapeutic effect can occur at 4 weeks. These data provide a basis for further research on the optimal probiotic therapy in IBS.

Probiotics mitigate kidney damage after exposure to Sri Lanka's local groundwater from chronic kidney disease with uncertain etiology (CKDu) prevalent area in zebrafish

Groundwater in Sri Lanka, contaminated with environmental toxins, is suspected to potentially induce chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) in humans. This study aims to elucidate the potential mitigating effects of probiotics on kidney damage induced by exposure to this local groundwater (LW) in zebrafish. We used zebrafish as a model organism and exposed them to local groundwater to evaluate the risk of CKDu. Probiotics were then added at a concentration of 108 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Our findings revealed that exposure to local groundwater resulted in abnormalities, such as tail deletion and spinal curvature in zebrafish larvae. However, the addition of probiotics mitigated these effects, improving the hatching rate, heart rate, length, weight, deformity rate, survival rate, and abnormal behavior of zebrafish. It also positively influenced the differential expression levels of kidney development and immunity-related genes (dync2h1, foxj1, pkd2, gata3, slc20a1, il1β, and lyso). Furthermore, exposure to LW decreased both the diversity and abundance of microbiota in zebrafish larvae. However, treatment with probiotics, such as L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus partially restored the disrupted gut microbiota and significantly impacted the cellular process pathways of the microbial community, as determined by KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis. In conclusion, this study highlights the risks associated with Sri Lanka's local groundwater from a CKDu prevalent area and confirms the beneficial effects of different probiotics. These findings may provide new insights into bacterial function in host kidney health.

Effect of different probiotics on the growth performance of broiler chicken

The study was conducted from December 15, 2019 to January 26, 2020 at College of Agriculture and Forestry, Apayao State College, Cubet-Malama, Conner, Apayao, Philippines aimed to evaluate the effect of different probiotics on the growth performance of broiler chicken, specifically on the initial and weekly body weight, gain in weight, percentage rate of growth, feed consumption, dressing percentage and feed conversion ratio and efficiency, using T1- pure Water, T2 – commercial probiotics, T3 – effective microorganism, and T4 – fermented fruit juice as water additive. The experiment was laid out using the Completely Randomized Design. The probiotics and the fermented fruit juice did not show any significant effect on the growth performance of broiler chicken on body weight, gain in weight, percentage rate of growth, feed consumption, water consumption and feed conversion ratio and efficiency. The percentage livability of Treatments 1, 3, and 4 was still impressive since the standard of 5% mortality rate was not reached, which implies that the used of commercial probiotics and fermented fruit Juice or organic acids affects immunity. On the income over feed, additive and chick cost, the use of fermented fruit juice had the potential to improve the growth performance of broiler chicken in the sense that it was comparable with the effective microorganism and commercial probiotics as exhibited in the body weights, feed and water consumption, gain in weight, percentage rate of growth and feed conversion ratio and efficiency. Therefore, the use of probiotics and fermented fruit juice from banana are safe in raising broiler chicken for table meat, and it is recommended to use in the chicken production as it increases the income over feed, additive and chick cost. Further study is recommended using other ingredients of fermented fruit juice to validate the concept of probiotics as a viable modality in poultry production.

Effects of Different Probiotics on the Volatile Components of Fermented Coffee Were Analyzed Based on Headspace-Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry.

Headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was used to study the effects of four kinds of probiotics on the volatile components of fermented coffee. The fingerprints showed that 51 compounds were confirmed and quantified, including 13 esters, 11 aldehydes, 9 alcohols, 6 ketones, 3 furans, 5 terpenes (hydrocarbons), 2 organic acids, 1 pyrazine, and 1 sulfur-containing compound. After fermenting, the aroma of the green beans increases while that of the roasted beans decreases. After roasting, the total amount of aroma components in coffee beans increased by 4.48-5.49 times. The aroma differences between fermented and untreated roasted beans were more significant than those between fermented and untreated green beans. HS-GC-IMS can distinguish the difference in coffee aroma, and each probiotic has a unique influence on the coffee aroma. Using probiotics to ferment coffee can significantly improve the aroma of coffee and provide certain application prospects for improving the quality of commercial coffee beans.

Effects of different probiotics (Bacillus subtilis) addition strategies on a culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in biofloc technology (BFT) aquaculture system

Augmenting biofloc systems with probiotics have been proven to improve water quality and enhance fish/shrimp performance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of different B. subtilis addition strategies in biofloc systems on water quality, Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei) growth performance, and immune enzymes. Two probiotics addition methods were explored: addition to water group (A), addition via the aquafeed (B), and the control (C), in which no probiotics were applied. No significant differences were found in the means of NO2−-N between groups B and C, but both were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in NO2−-N than in group A (0.55 ± 0.12 mg/L). The mean NO3−-N concentration for group C (41.37 ± 2.45 mg/L) was the highest and the lowest for group A (37.84 ± 1.99 mg/L), among all treatments. The different addition methods did not influence the growth parameters of L. vannamei, except for the survival rate (SR), in which group A recorded the highest SR (93 ± 0.2%) (p < 0.05). It was found that irrespective of the addition strategy (groups A (5.35 ± 0.04 U/mgprot) and B (5.63 ± 0.06 U/mgprot)), probiotics application resulted in a significant increase in the intestinal pepsin of L. vannamei. The activity of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the hepatopancreas were dependent on the addition method. However, SOD, ACP, and other immune parameters were independent of the addition method. The addition of Bacillus subtilis to the experimental system did not achieve a considerable growth effect of the growth performance of L. vannamei in BFT systems. Considering the two addition strategies, adding probiotics B. subtilis via the aquafeed was suggested, based on the corresponding effects on water quality, intestinal digestive enzyme activity, and non-specific immune enzymes activities of the shrimp.

Effects of different combinations of probiotics on rheology, microstructure, and moisture distribution of soy materials-based yogurt.

The effects of different probiotics on the texture, rheological properties, microstructure, and water distribution of yogurt fermented with soy powder, soy isolate protein powder, soy umbilical powder, and soy whey as the main raw materials were studied. The soy materials-based yogurt fermented by Danisco mixed probiotic reached the end of fermentation after 4 h, which significantly shortened the fermentation time compared with other probiotic combinations. The fermentation with Danisco mixed probiotic and Kefir mixed probiotic respectively resulted in good texture and a denser and more homogeneous microstructure, which was consistent with the sensory evaluation results. Both fermentations had a high water holding capacity of 90.92% and 78.30%, respectively, in agreement with the results of moisture distribution tests. However, the elastic and viscous behaviors were weaker at certain shear frequency. This study achieved a high value-added utilization of soy whey and the development of a new soy materials-based yogurt that met the consumption needs of people with lactose intolerance and high cholesterol. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, high value-added utilization of soy whey was realized, which solved the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the research and development of soy materials-based yogurt provided another nutritional and healthy consumption demand for lactose intolerant people.

Positive effects of dietary probiotics on immune response and gut morphometry in broiler chickens

n experiment was performed with a total of 280 one-day old SPF broiler chicks to evaluate the effects of probiotics, alone or in combination, on growth performance, gut morphometry and immune response to fowl cholera vaccination. The birds were randomly divided into seven groups each of 40 chicks and the experiment lasted for 42 days. The probiotic microorganisms that were offered via water included Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cervisiae. Significant increase in the food conversion rate was recorded in group 4 that received probiotic mixture composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. Also, significantly high geometric mean titre (GMT) of P. multocida specific-antibodies and lowest morbidity and mortality rates post P. multocida challenge were recorded in this group. The effect of different probiotics on the morphometric changes in the gut tissues was determined, where significant increase in the duodenal and ileum villus height and average crypt depth were recorded in probiotic treated chicks compared to the negative control. The increase in the gut villi height is proved to be associated with increased absorption capability of nutients from the intestine.

Quality control and safety of broiler chickens slaughter products amid hypotrophy

The article studies the effect of different probiotics on the concentration of heavy metals in the muscle tissue of broiler chickens amid hypotrophy and their correction with probiotics. The experiment was conducted on broiler chickens of Smena 7 cross at ZAO “Orenburg Broiler” of the Orenburg region. The feeding and maintenance of broiler chickens were the same. The feeding ration comprised complete compound feed. The difference was as follows: hypotrophic experimental groups additionally included probiotics Vetom 1.1 at a dose of 6 g/kg feed and Lactobifadol at a dose of 1.2 g/kg feed in the main diet starting from one day of age to 42 days of age. The results obtained enable to determine that the probiotics used have a significant effect on the chemical parameters of broiler chicken meat particularly amid hypotrophy. It has been established that probiotics reduce the concentration of toxic elements in muscle tissue. It has also been proven that these probiotics do not significantly affect the content of heavy metals in the muscle tissue of broiler chickens.

The Influence of Probiotics on the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio in the Treatment of Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel disease.

The two most important bacterial phyla in the gastrointestinal tract, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, have gained much attention in recent years. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio is widely accepted to have an important influence in maintaining normal intestinal homeostasis. Increased or decreased F/B ratio is regarded as dysbiosis, whereby the former is usually observed with obesity, and the latter with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Probiotics as live microorganisms can confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. There is considerable evidence of their nutritional and immunosuppressive properties including reports that elucidate the association of probiotics with the F/B ratio, obesity, and IBD. Orally administered probiotics can contribute to the restoration of dysbiotic microbiota and to the prevention of obesity or IBD. However, as the effects of different probiotics on the F/B ratio differ, selecting the appropriate species or mixture is crucial. The most commonly tested probiotics for modifying the F/B ratio and treating obesity and IBD are from the genus Lactobacillus. In this paper, we review the effects of probiotics on the F/B ratio that lead to weight loss or immunosuppression.

Effects of Different Probiotics on Laying Performance, Egg Quality, Oxidative Status, and Gut Health in Laying Hens.

Simple SummaryResistance has developed against almost all the main classes of antibiotics, and finding efficient alternatives to these antibiotics is urgently required. Based on previous research, three types of probiotic bacteria were chosen to be administrated in a laying hen diet. We found that the performance, egg quality, and gut health of laying hens were improved after probiotic treatment.With recent bans on the growth-promoting use of antibiotics, alternative strategies are needed to improve the performance of agricultural animals. Here, the effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum and a combination of Saccharomyces boulardii and Pediococcus acidilactici were assessed on laying performance, egg quality, oxidative status, and gut health in laying hens. A total of 8208 Lohmann pink laying hens were divided into 3 treatment groups, with each group replicated 12 times (n = 228). Hens in the control group (CON) were provided a basic diet devoid of added antibiotics and probiotics. Treatment group 1 (T1) received the same base diet supplemented with 0.5 g/kg C. butyricum, and the diets of treatment group 2 (T2) supplemented with S. boulardii (0.05 g/kg) and P. acidilactici (0.1 g/kg) for the entirety of the 5-week trial. The data indicated that C. butyricum supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in ADFI, a significant increase in feed conversion, eggshell strength, and the CP% of albumen (dry matter, DM) relative to CON. The probiotic-treated hens exhibited decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in ileum and cecum, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with C. butyricum may be beneficial with respect to hen performance, egg quality, and gut health.

Manipulation of microbiota with probiotics as an alternative for treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.

Hepatic encephalopathy is a cerebral alteration mainly caused by hepatic insufficiency or portosystemic shunt. It ranges from minimal neurologic manifestations to coma in its overt stage. The multifactorial pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy has rendered numerous treatment alternatives, among which the modification of dysbiosis and hyperammonemia are currently considered to be effective, not only clinically, but also regarding cost. Recent work has developed knowledge of probiotics in different clinical settings including the relationship of the gut microenvironment to liver cirrhosis. The aim of this review was to analyze the results of clinical trials on the effect of different probiotics on hepatic encephalopathy.

PSVII-26 Effects of different probiotics on laying performance, egg quality, oxidative status, and gut health in laying hens

Abstract With recent bans on the use of growth-promoting use of antibiotics, alternative strategies are needed to improve the performance of agricultural animals. Here, the effects of dietary supplementation with several probiotic organisms (Clostridium butyricum, a complex of Saccharomyces boulardii, and Pediococcus acidilactici) on laying performance, egg quality, oxidative status, and gut health in laying hens. A total of 8,208 Lohmann pink laying hens, at 180 days of age, were divided into 3 treatment groups, each group was replicated 12 times (n = 228). Hens in the control group (CON) were provided a basic diet devoid of added antibiotics and probiotics. Treatment group (A) received the same base diet supplemented with 0.5g/kg C. butyricum, and the diets of treatment group (B) supplemented with S. boulardii (0.05g/kg) and P. acidilactici (0.1g/kg) for the entirety of the 5-week trial. The data indicated that C. butyricum supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in ADFI, a significant increase in feed conversion, eggshell strength, and the CP% of albumen (dry matter, DM) relative to CON. The probiotic treated hens exhibited decreased ROS levels in ileum, cecum, and reduced MDA in serum. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with C. butyricum may be beneficial with respect to hen performance, egg quality, and gut health.

Effect of dietary probiotics and prebiotics on the performance of broiler chickens

The prolonged use of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant bacteria and also led to accumulation of antibiotic residue in the poultry feed, this ultimately led to the prohibition of antibiotics as growth enhancers in animal production. Thus, there was a dire need for alternate sources to help in poultry production. Recently, probiotics and prebiotics claimed to be effective alternatives to antibiotics in the poultry. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different probiotics and prebiotics on the performance of broilers. The study involved 2 broiler cycles, 1 during winter and 1 during summer with a total of 425 1-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks for each cycle. They were allotted to 5 experimental treatments. The probiotics were Bacillus coagulans (1g/kg dried culture) and Lactobacillus (1g/kg dried culture of 12 commercial strains). The prebiotics included fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) (5g/kg) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (5g/kg). The results showed that there was no effect of the different probiotics and prebiotics on the production performance of broilers. There was increased weight of the thymus in the control group. In cycle 1, the panelists indicated that the smell, color, taste, and texture of the cooked meat were acceptable, and that there were no significant differences between the different groups. There was no significant effect of the different diets on the biochemical parameters of the blood among the experimental groups at 3- and 5-wk of age. Phytohaemaglutinin test showed that dietary FOS and MOS induced higher cellular response than the other treatments (P = 0.04) in the first cycle. In the second cycle, the results revealed that dietary FOS induced higher cellular response than the other treatments (P = 0.019). The used experimental treatments have a positive effect on microbial count in 5-week-old broilers. There was no Salmonella sp. recorded using the experimental treatments in the first cycle, and the growth of E. coli was reduced significantly. In the second cycle, all treatments in 3-week-old broilers did not affect the count of both lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and E. coli. At 5-week-old of the same cycle, the bacterial count of E. coli increased even with control, whereas Salmonella growth was inhibited. The pH value was driven toward acidity in all of the treatments. Probiotics and prebiotics can be used in chicken feed safely and without any adverse effects on the productive parameters and immune status of the flock.

Effects of different probiotics on the gut microbiome and metabolites in the serum and caecum of weaning piglets

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of antibiotics, yeast culture (YC), and Lactobacillus culture (LC) on the gut microbiome and metabolites in the serum and caecum of weaning piglets. Twenty-four weaning piglets were divided into four treatment groups: control, antibiotic (1% chlortetracycline), 1.8% yeast culture (YC), and 1.6% Lactobacillus culture groups (LC). Each group had six replicated pens with one pig per pen. Feed and water were available ad libitum . Dietary supplementation with antibiotics, YC and LC increased the abundance of phylum, Firmicutes, and decreased the abundance of phylum, Proteobacteria. Beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Megasphaera in YC and LC groups increased, whereas the proportion of Shigella was decreased. Genera Alloprevotella and Lachnospira were biomarkers in the control and antibiotic groups, respectively. Phylum, Bacteroidetes, and genus, Collinsella , were biomarkers in the YC group, and Mitsuokella , Anaerotruncus , Syntrophococcus and Sharpea were biomarkers in the LC group. Dietary supplementation with different probiotics changed the serum and caecum metabolite profiles too. Antibiotic supplementation increased the levels of D-mannose, D-glucose, and hexadecanoic acid in the serum, and the levels of myo-inositol, D-mannose and benzenepropanoic acid in the caecum. LC increased the concentrations of D-mannose, cis-9-hexadecenoic acid and heptadecanoic acid in caecum compared with the control group. YC and LC supplementation in the weaning diet could improve the abundance of beneficial bacteria by changing the concentrations of some metabolites in the serum and caecum. Therefore, dietary supplementation with YC or LC could be used as additives instead of antibiotics in weaning piglets. Keywords: antibiotic; lactobacillus culture; yeast culture; high-throughput sequencing; gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Effect Addition of Different Probiotic in Aquaponic Systems Towards The Growth Rate and Survival Rate of Catfish (Clarias sp.)

Catfish (Clarias sp.) is a freshwater fish that is widely cultivated because it is a leading commodity. Increased production of catfish resulted in extra area of cultivated land and water use. The technology suitable to be applied is aquaponic system. In addition to saving land and water use, Aquaponic is also improving business efficiency through the utilization of nutrients from food remains and fish metabolism. Water quality is an important factor for the success of cultivation. Maintenance catfish with the addition of probiotics in aquaponic system can be a solution for maintaining water quality, because it contains bacteria that can increase nitrite to nitrate changes that can be utilized for growth of plants and do not poison the fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different probiotics in the aquaponic system towards growth rate and survival rate of catfish. The method that used in this research is experimental with completely randomized design (four treat and five repeated) are P0 (control), P1 (probiotic A), P2 (probiotic B) and P3 (probiotic C). Analysis of data processed using Analysis of Variance. If there are significant differences then continued Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the giving of probiotics in the aquaponic system is significantly different (p &lt;0.05). The final conclusion is that the addition of probiotics in aquaponic system affect the growth rate and survival rate of catfish. The highest specific growth rate (0.025%/ day) and the highest survival rate (77.8%) contained in the P2 treatment. The lowest specific growth rate (0.019% /day) and the lowest survival rate (64.4%) contained in P0 treatment (control). Keywords : Aquaponic, Catfish, Probiotic, Growth Rate, Survival Rate, Clarias sp.

Effect Addition of Different Probiotic in Aquaponic Systems towards Water Quality in Aquaculture Catfish (Clarias sp.)

Catfish (Clarias sp.) is a type of consumption fish have promising prospects because it has a high enough degree of market uptake. The high market demand which motivated farmers to develop farming aquaponics technologies. Aquaponics, in principle, in addition to conserve land and water use also increases business efficiency through the utilization of nutrients from food remains and fish for plant metabolism. Fish farming with high stocking density causes a decrease in water quality due to the accumulation of organic matter buildup of organic materials causing toxins in the water because there is ammonia (NH3) and nitrite (N02) on the water. The threshold for catfish ammonia content is &lt;0.8 mg /L. Alternative to overcome the problem of water quality in aquaculture is the addition of probiotic. Probiotic contain several types of microorganisms that can help the process of decomposition of ammonia as a bioremediation agent for water quality control. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of different probiotics in the aquaponics system to water quality. The method that used in this research is experimental with completely randomized design (four treat and five repeated) are P0 (control), P1 (probiotic A), P2 (probiotic B) and P3 (probiotic C). Analysis of data processed using Analysis of Variance. If there are significant differences then continued Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the giving of probiotics in the aquaponic system is significantly different (p&lt;0.05).The final conclusion is that the addition of probiotic in the aquaponic system affect the water quality. Based on the results of statistical analysis showed that the levels of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate was lowest for the treatment of P2 is 0.0204 mg /L, 0.012 mg /L and 2.731 mg /L. Ammonia, nitrite and nitrate is highest at P0 treatment (control) is 0.273 mg /L, 0.019 mg /L, 4.218 mg /L. Keywords : Aquaponic, Catfish, Probiotic, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate, Clarias sp.

Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Berbeda pada Pakan Komersial terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias Sp.) &lt;Br&gt;&lt;I&gt;[ The Present Effect Of Different Probiotics On Commercial Feed Towards Growth And Feed Efficiency Of Sangkuriang Catfish (Clarias Sp.) ]&lt;I&gt;

Abstract Freshwater culture commodity such as sangkuriang catfish (Clarias sp.) has high sufficient demand. One way to fullfil necessity of sangkuriang catfis demand is accelerate the growth. The aim of this research is to determine the present effect of different probiotics on commercial feed towards growth and feed efficiency of sangkuriang catfish. The research using experimental method, using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Sangkuriang catfish kept in 30 days with four treatments and five replications, that is P1 (control), P2 (5% probiotics A), P3 (5% probiotics B), and P4 (5% probiotics C). The obtained data were processed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test if there was significant data. The result showed that different probiotics giving significant effect to growth rate and feed efficiency (p&lt;0,05). The best sangkuriang catfish (Clarias sp.) growth rate is P2 treatment 2,88% ± 0,38, and the lowest is P1 treatment at 1,73% ± 0,7. The best feed efficiency is P2 treatment at 54,69% ± 9,67 and the lowest is P1 treatment at 30,27% ± 12,65

Are There Any Different Effects of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus on Intestinal Sensation, Barrier Function and Intestinal Immunity in PI-IBS Mouse Model?

Background and AimsResearch has increasingly suggested that gut flora plays an important role in the development of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). Studies of the curative effect of probiotics for IBS have usually been positive but not always. However, the differences of treatment effects and mechanisms among probiotic stains, or mixture of them, are not clear. In this study, we compared the effects of different probiotics (Befidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus or mixture of the three) on intestinal sensation, barrier function and intestinal immunity in PI-IBS mouse model.MethodsPI-IBS model was induced by Trichinella spiralis infection in mice. Different probiotics were administered to mice after 8 weeks infection. Visceral sensitivity was measured by scores of abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) and the threshold intensity of colorectal distention. Colonic smooth muscle contractile response was assessed by contraction of the longitudinal muscle strips. Plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) and d-lactate were determined by an enzymatic spectrophotometry. Expression of tight junction proteins and cytokines in ileum were measured by Western blotting.ResultsCompared to control mice, PI-IBS mice treated either alone with Befidobacterium or Lactobacillus (but not Streptococcus), or the mixture of the three exhibited not only decreased AWR score and contractile response, but also reduced plasma DAO and D-lactate. These probiotic treatments also suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and IL-17 and promoted the expression of major tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin. The mixture of the three probiotic strains performed better than the individual in up-regulating these tight junction proteins and suppressing IL-17 expression.Conclusions Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, but not Streptococcus, alleviated visceral hypersensitivity and recovered intestinal barrier function as well as inflammation in PI-IBS mouse model, which correlated with an increase of major tight junction proteins. In addition, Mixture of three species was indicated to be superior to a single one.

Effect of Different Probiotics on Breast Quality Characteristics of Broilers Under Salmonella Challenge

The current study was performed to investigate the influence of probiotics or antibiotic on breast quality characteristics of broiler chickens that were subjected to Salmonella challenge. Two hundred, one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were allocated in five experimental treatments for 42 d. Ten cages of birds received one of the following treatments: T1=positive control (+CONT), unsupplemented, unchallenged; T2=negative control (-CONT), unsupplemented, challenged; T3=supplemented with antibiotic neoxyval (NEOX), challenged; T4=supplemented with probiotic Toyocerin (TOYO), challenged; and T5=supplemented with probiotic CloSTAT™ (CLOS), challenged. Birds in treatments T2 to T5 were challenged with 3x109 CFU/mL of Salmonella enterica subsp. typhimurium on day 16. Nine birds per treatment were sampled at the end of the trial for breast characteristics. Overall, pH and temperature values of the breast muscle were similar among all groups tested. Cooking loss results indicated that breasts from T3 birds had the highest degree of shrinkage upon cooking while those of the probiotic group had similar control values (P<0.0001). Probiotic supplementation reduced the extent of destruction of myofibrils caused by homogenisation (P<0.0001). Warner-Bratzler shear test and texture profile analysis showed that neither treatments nor Salmonella challenge had any negative impact on texture or sensory attributes of chicken breast. In conclusion, results show that breast characteristics were better when probiotics were supplemented in the diets.