Different Effects Of Age Research Articles

Association of Advanced Glycation End Products with Cognitive Function: HealthyDance Study.

The current research on advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) and cognitive function is limited. We aimed to investigate the relationship between multiple plasma AGEs and cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Baseline data from The Lifestyle and Healthy Aging of Chinese Square Dancer Study was used in this cross-sectional study. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine plasma levels of carboxymethyl lysine (CML), carboxyethyl lysine (CEL), and methyl imidazolinone (MG-H1). Four cognitive tests were used to obtain the four cognitive domain scores and the composite z scores. The Petersen criteria were used to diagnose MCI. The data were analyzed by multivariable linear and logistic regression models. This study included 1,018 participants (median age 61.0 years, 87.3% female). After multivariate adjustment, the βs of the highest quartile of CML and CEL compared to the lowest quartile were -0.28 (-0.38, -0.17) and -0.13 (-0.23, -0.03), respectively, for the composite z score. For the four cognitive domains, CML was negatively correlated with memory, attention, and executive function, and CEL was negatively associated with memory and language function. In addition, higher CML was associated with a higher odds of MCI. MG-H1 was not associated with cognitive function. High plasma AGE levels were correlated with poorer cognitive function, particularly CML and CEL, higher levels of CML were also associated with higher odds of MCI. To clarify the effects of different AGEs on cognitive function and the underlying mechanisms, further longitudinal and experimental studies are needed.

An Observational Study: Association Between Atopic Dermatitis and Bacterial Colony of the Skin Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) often accompanies skin infections, and bacterial skin infections often cause persistent and worsening symptoms. In this study, we explored the key changes in the microbiota of AD patients, as well as the effects of different ages and the severity of rash on changes in the microbiota. A total of 95 AD patients and 77 healthy volunteers were recruited. The AD patients were divided into three groups based age and three groups according to the EASI score. Microorganisms collected from the skin were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealing species diversity via α and β diversity analyses. Species compositions were compared at the phylum and genus levels. The significance of skin microbiota at the genus level was assessed using the random forest algorithm. Finally, the impact of relationships between different microbial communities on the microbial community composition and the pathogenesis of AD was explored using Pearson correlation coefficients. The species diversity of the skin microbiota in the AD group significantly decreased. Compared with that in the healthy volunteers (HV) group, the bacterial diversity in the two groups of samples significantly differed. Staphylococcus dominated the bacterial communities, and as AD symptoms gradually worsened, the abundance of Staphylococcus gradually increased. Among all bacterial genera with a relative abundance greater than 1%, Staphylococcus showed a negative correlation with other genera, and showed significant consistency in specimens from different age groups. Changes in the abundance of Staphylococcus in the skin bacterial colonies are the main cause of AD. Brevundimonas, Paracoccus, Corynebacterium, and Veillonella may serve as characteristic biomarkers for AD. These results indicate that altering the microbiota composition of the skin may aid in the treatment of AD.

Productivity and profitability of rice (Oryza sativa) varieties as influenced by age of seedlings in north-eastern Himalayan region

An experiment was conducted during boro (rabi) season of 2012–13 and 2013–14, at Gerua, Kamrup, Asom, India, to study the effect of different age of seedlings on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. Ten treatment combinations of 2 different duration rice varieties, i.e. ‘Chandrama’ (175 days) and ‘Naveen’ (155 days), and 5 ages of seedlings (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 days) were tested. ‘Chandrama’ rice recorded significantly higher grains/panicle and 1,000-seed weight as well as grain yield (5.93 and 6.50 t/ha) over ‘Naveen’ rice. Days to 50% flowering decreased with the increment in age of seedling by 2–10 days, whereas total maturity duration increased by 6–28 days. In case of age of seedlings, 40 and 50 days old seedlings showed higher values of growth and yield attributes that reflected in grain yield. There was gradual yield decrease with increment in the age of seedling due to reduced values of tillers/m2 , filled grains/panicle. The yield penalty was non-significant in case of long-duration rice variety ‘Chandrama’, while in case of ‘Naveen’, there was significant reduction in grain yield when seedling age exceeded beyond 60 days. ‘Naveen’ rice with 40 and 50 days old seedlings recorded significantly higher grain yield over 70 and 80 days seedlings respectively. Earlier farmers using their own local rice landraces which were long duration and less affected by age of seedling but with development of new semi-dwarf, medium-duration rice varieties need to be transplanted at optimum age of seedling. Thus, the age of seedling can be extended up to 60 days for those rice varieties having long duration (>175 days) while for short duration (<155 days), it should not be extended beyond 50 days.

Effect of Different Ages of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstock on Reproductive Performance and Fries Production

This study was conducted at the hatchery complex of Akwa Ibom State University to investigate the effect of different ages of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) on their reproductive performances. Eighteen (18) broodstock of Clarias gariepinus (3 males and 3 females) from each age group, six months, twelve months and eighteen months old with average body measurement of 1.1kg and 32cm for six month, 1.8kg and 43cm for 12 months and 2.5 kg and 65.7cm for 18 months were selected from AKSU fish farm labeled treatment A, B and C for the study. 3 male broodstock from each treatment were sacrificed for milt extraction without hormonal inducement. The milt from each treatment were separately pooled into one volume and divided into three portions each diluted with 2ml of normal saline solution. Three female broodstock from each treatment were separately induced with ovaprim at a single dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight of fish and allowed for a latency period of ten hours at water temperature of 26oC before stripping manually. 3g of egg from each broodstock was mixed with the diluted milt and activated with 100 mls of normal saline. The fertilized eggs were incubated in aerated indoor concrete tanks in 3 replicates. % fertilization were accessed six (6) hours after incubation, % hatchability was accessed twenty-six hours (26) after incubation, while the percentage survival and fry production success in each treatment was accessed after ten (10) days post hatching. The results reveal that the reproductive parameters considered in this study significantly (p<0.05) increased with age of broodstocks. The percentage fertilization of egg from the least to the oldest broodstock were 63.67± 0.88, 69.50 ± 0.87 and 81.83 ± 5.05 respectively. The percentage hatchability of the oldest broodstock was 82.62 ± 1.6 significantly (P< 0.05) higher than 64.79 ± 2.74 (12 months) with the least value of 49.04 ± 5.76 recorded for six-month-old broodstock. The oldest broodstock had the highest percentage survival 83.14 ± 3.16 and fry production success of 56.05± 0.06 while the least broodstock (6-month-old) had the least value of survival 54.59 ± 2.42 and fry production success of 17.17 ± 2.59%.

A meta-analysis-based study of the effects of rural tourism activities on tourists’ physical and mental health

Abstract As a convenient and easily accessible green space place in the environment, the countryside provides people with the opportunity to get in touch with nature intimately, so in the process of this tourism experience, people’s health benefits have been more and more widely concerned by academia. Based on this, this study utilizes the questionnaire survey method and scientific experiments to conduct an in-depth exploration of the mechanism of the impact of rural tourism activities on the physical and mental health of tourists by taking tourists who have had rural tourism experiences as the research object. This paper derives the physical and mental health indicators of tourists before tourism based on the evaluation method of physiological indicators and the test method in psychology, proposes a perceptual measurement tool to study the obtained data of tourists’ state of mind, and concludes that after tourism, the overall mean values of tourists’ average heart rate, minimum heart rate, and maximum heart rate were reduced by 0.65 bpm, 3.28 bpm, and 7.5 bpm, respectively. The mean value of ventilation per minute was reduced by 1.11 L- min-1, indicating that there is a significant effect of different ages on the physical and mental health benefits of tourists. Tourists with tour time under half an hour had a poor state of mind, and tour time of 4 hours or more had the highest POMS index of 298, with a more favorable emotional state, indicating that there is also a significant effect of tour time length on tourists’ state of mind.

Effects of different ages on frozen semen quality and in vitro fertilization efficiency in Wannan black pigs.

According to previous studies, the quality and fertilization rate of fresh sperm from boars of different ages were significantly different. However, the difference of freeze-thaw sperm quality and fertility in boars of different ages is unclear. In this study, boars of a Chinese native breed were assigned into two groups. Each group consisted of five boars aged aged either 2-3 years (young boars = YB) or 5-6 years (aging boars = AB) A total of 60 ejaculates for each group were collected and cryopreserved. Semen quality and in vitro fertility of post-thaw sperm was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration and motility of fresh sperm collected from AB were similar to YB, but their semen volume was higher than that in YB (p < 0.05). Frozen-thawed sperm of AB had lower viability than YB, and higher abnormal rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of YB (p < 0.05). There was no effect of the age on post-thaw sperm motility and time survival. Functional assessments indicated that increasing age markedly compromises the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane and acrosome, as well as mitochondrial functionality post-thaw, albeit without affecting DNA integrity. Furthermore, increasing age of boars reduces the ability of sperm to bind to the oocyte zona pellucida after thawing, delaying the time of the first embryo cleavage after fertilization. Finally, the early developmental efficiency of in vitro fertilized embryos progressing from 4-cell to blastocyst derived from post-thaw sperm in AB significantly decreased compared to those from YB (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that increasing age in boars impairs the quality and in vitro fertility of frozen thawed sperm.

New strategies and methods for reconstruction of the outer ear canal (OEC)

Background: The incidence of re-stenosis or re-atresia after reconstruction of the Outer Ear Canal (OEC) in patients with Congenital Malformation of the Middle and Outer Ear (CMMOE) is very high (up to 48%), and it has been a difficult problem for otologists not being able to solve. Aims/Objectives: To explore new strategies and methods to improve re-stenosis or re-atresia after reconstruction of the OEC in patients with CMMOE. Material and Methods: According to the characteristics of reconstructed OEC (r-OEC) re-stenosis or re-atresia summarized by us, a number of new prevention strategies and methods have been proposed and related patent products have been designed, including the improvement of covering epithelium types and skin grafting methods (7 types), simulated drum ring function to prevent the formation of negative pressure in the cavity, and strengthen postoperative support to reduce skin shrinkage and bone hyperplasia. The postoperative effects of different ages and preoperative OEC malformations are statistically analyzed. Results: The incidence of re-stenosis/re-atresia is 14.3% (5/35) in the thin sectional skin of the temporal scalp overlap splicing skin grafting, which was significantly better than 45.5% (15/33) in the whole piece mosaic splicing and barrel skin grafting from the inner thin sectional thigh skin and overlay splicing other methods, including the inner thigh thin sectional skin, chest medium thick skin and subcutaneous pedicle + chest medium thick skin (p<0.05). The patent artificial drum ring and the model stent of the OEC have obvious effects. The mean operation age of postoperative atresia, stenosis, and good groups are 9.3, 13.1, and 12.5 years old, respectively. The proportion of preoperative atresia is 91.3%, 85.7%, and 57.7%, respectively. The total incidence of re-atresia and re-stenosis of r-OEC for two groups of atresia and stenosis of OEC before surgery is 40.5% (49/121) and 13.3% (8/60), respectively. Conclusions and Significance: The best result is found in overlapping the splicing thin sectional skin of the temporal scalp, combined with artificial drum ring implantation, effective support of postoperative model stent of OEC and post-pubertal surgery selection are new and effective strategies and methods to prevent re-stenosis or re-atresia of r-OEC. Atresia or stenosis of the OEC before the operation is the influence factor of the postoperative effect.

Egg weight estimation and the effect of age and plumage colors on some egg quality traits in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different age and plumage color on the egg quality traits and cholesterol levels, in addition to which traits can be used for egg weight prediction in Japanese quails. The eggs obtained from 23-week-old original plumage colored Japanese and Jumbo quails, and 39-week-old Jumbo quails; 40, 40, and 20 eggs were used respectively as the research material. The eggs obtained from 23-week-old original plumage colored Japanese and Jumbo quails, and 39-week-old Jumbo quails; 40, 40, and 20 eggs were used respectively as the research material. In terms of plumage color difference, when Japanese quails were compared to Jumbo quails; yolk weight, yolk height, yolk diameter were higher, and likewise the cholesterol level was lower (P&lt;0.01). The lowest cholesterol content was found in eggs from 23-week-old Japanese quail (P&lt;0.01). Egg width, shape index, yolk height, and shell weight in group 1; albumen weight, yolk diameter, and egg volume in group 2; egg volume and egg length data in group 3 have determined the best fit for estimation of the egg weight. As a result, the plumage color is a factor that affected the egg quality traits and cholesterol level in quails. Furthermore, some egg quality traits may be used to establish the equations for estimation of the egg weight. Keywords: Age; Egg quality traits; Egg weight estimation; Plumage color; Quail

Environmental aging effects on high-performance biocomposites reinforced by sisal fibers

Among the innovative materials, an important role is played by the so-called biocomposites, generally made by an eco-friendly matrix reinforced with natural fibers. Unfortunately, due to the degradability of the green matrixes as well as to hydrophilicity of the natural fibers, the resistance of such innovative materials to the environmental agents is, in general, relativity low, and it can significantly limit their use in outdoor conditions. To contribute to the knowledge of the effects of the leading environmental agents on the mechanical properties of high-performance biocomposites made of a green epoxy matrix reinforced by agave fibers, a systematic experimental testing campaign has been carried out by considering three types of biocomposite laminates (unidirectional, cross-ply and quasi-isotropic with a Vf = 70%). In detail, the different effects of aging on matrix and reinforcement have been highlighted by also considering samples consisting of simple epoxy matrix alone. The usual outdoor operating conditions associated with frequent exposure to sunlight (temperature and UV cycles) and humidity have been reproduced by subjecting the biocomposites to an accelerated aging process. Successive tensile and delamination tests have shown that aging leads to significant mechanical properties reductions, ranging from about 40% (tensile) to about 70% (delamination). A systematic analysis of the experimental results has allowed to develop reliable models that can be used to predict the degradation affecting the mechanical properties when these biocomposites are subjected to the actual aging related to the outdoor service conditions.

The effect of different ages and water-binder ratios on the mechanical properties of circulating fluidized bed combustion desulfurization slag cement-soil

In this study, the effect of different ages and water-binder ratios on the mechanical properties of circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) desulfurization slag cement-soil were discussed. Particle size distribution analysis, unconfined compressive strength test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests were conducted to determine the outcome. The mechanical grinding treatment of CFBC desulfurization slag was found to improve its activity. The mechanical grinding time was controlled at 55 min. The mechanical grinding time did not exceed 75 min. With the increase in the total content of cementing materials, the unconfined compressive strength increased. The different cementing materials content of cement-soil corresponds to an optimal cement-binder ratio. At the age of 60d, the strength of test block which having 25 % and 30 % of total cementing materials respectively were determined to be 1.15 and 1.42 times higher than the cementing materials with 20 % content. Moreover, the strength was greatly improved. The total dosage of cementing materials and water-binder ratio must be controlled in the range of 25 % − 30 % and 1.0–1.3, respectively.

Hematology Reference Intervals for Holstein Cows in Southern China: A Study of 786 Subjects.

Simple SummaryThe American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines recommend that hematology reference intervals (RIs) should be established based on specific animals in specific regions. However, the information on hematology RIs is still lacking for Chinese dairy cows, which account for a total number of more than 3 million. Thus, the aim of this study is to establish hematology RIs for Chinese dairy cows using a large sample size. After the collection of blood samples from 786 Holstein cows, we generated hematology RIs according to overall animals, different ages, different parities and different lactation stages. Our results provide important hematologic information for both clinicians and researchers to approach the health surveillance of Holstein cows in southern China.Hematology RIs help clinicians and researchers determine whether a hematology parameter is abnormal, which plays an important role in animal health surveillance. China is one of the largest dairy producers in the world, with millions of Holstein cows. However, there has been no published data on hematology RIs for dairy cows in China yet. Therefore, the aim of this study is to establish updated and accurate RIs for Holstein cows in southern China. To increase the accuracy of the RIs, we collected blood samples from 786 Holstein cows and analyzed 25 hematologic variables. The RIs for Holstein cows were established using the 95% percentile RIs according to the American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines. The effects of different ages, parities and lactation stages were also checked in this study. The data of 21, 22 and 19 out of 25 hematology parameters were significantly different between different ages, parities and lactation stages, respectively. Furthermore, the hematology RIs of separate subclasses according to different ages, parities and lactation stages were generated. Hematology RIs according to ages and lactation stages, as well as parities and lactation stages, were also assessed. Together, our results confirm that hematology RIs for cows vary by ages, parities and lactation stages. The present study helps to fill the gap in hematology RIs for Holstein cows in southern China, and our data may serve as a very useful tool for monitoring the health and welfare of dairy cattle in China.

Carcass Traits of Geese (Anser anser) as Affected by Age, Gender and Their Interactions

Background: The geese have several advantages over chickens. These birds are highly valued for its meat, also used to get rid of weeds as it was released in the fields, which the cost of raising it was low. In recent years, despite of interest in geese production, it is important to take cognisance of the fact that there is a dearth of information on carcass traits, and the different effects of age, gender and their interactions on carcass characteristics of geese. Therefore, the objective of the current study aimed to investigate effect of age, gender and their interactions on the carcass traits of geese (Anser anser). Methods: A number of geese parents at the end of the third season and their gosling hatched reared until 10 weeks of age and each stock contain equal number of sexes for assessing carcass traits. All geese were reared under equal managerial, environmental and hygienic conditions. Result: Parent stock was significantly (p≥0.0001) higher body weight, dressing percentage and edible meat parts compared to the young geese. Males’ geese had approximately a 17% significantly higher live weight, a 4.6% higher dressed carcass percentage and 5.2% higher edible meat parts percentage than females. The intestine and neck percentages were significantly affected only by age, whereas blood and feather percentages were significantly affected only by gender. Moreover, abdominal fat and gizzard fat percentages were affected by all observed factors. The young geese had approximately a 24.7% higher non-edible meat percentage than the parent’s geese. Females’ geese had approximately 8.7% higher non-edible meat percentage than males. Abdominal and gizzard fat (%) were significantly affected by interaction between age and gender. A significant positive correlation coefficient was detected between live body weight and all edible parts of carcass characteristics weights for goose males. In conclusion, the increase of age had a positive effect on the carcass traits of geese (Anser anser). Males’ geese had a better carcass characteristics compared to females; in addition, the females were significantly higher than males for the abdominal fat and gizzard fat percentages.

Effects of Short- and Long-Term Detraining on Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

V̇O2max, a gold standard for evaluating cardiorespiratory fitness, can be enhanced by training and will gradually decrease when training stops. This study, which followed the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines, is aimed at assessing the effect of short- and long-term detraining on trained individuals' V̇O2max through a systematic review and meta-analysis and performed a subgroup analysis to evaluate the effects of different ages, detraining formats, and training statuses on V̇O2max variation between short- and long-term training cessation. Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and Scopus, four databases, were searched, from which 21 of 3315 potential studies met the inclusion criteria. Significant decreases in V̇O2max were identified after short-term training cessation (ES = −0.62 [95% CI -0.94; -0.31], p < 0.01; within-group I2 = 35.3%, Egger′s test = −1.22, p = 0.335) and long-term training cessation (ES = −1.42 [95% CI -1.99; -0.84], p < 0.01; within-group I2 = 76.3%, Egger′s test = −3.369, p < 0.01), which shows that the detraining effect was found to be larger on V̇O2max in long-term training cessation than in short-term training cessation (Q = 6.5, p = 0.01). However, there was no significant difference regarding V̇O2max change between 30-90 days detraining and larger than 90 days detraining (Q = 0.54, p = 0.46) when conducting subgroup analysis. In addition, younger (<20) individuals showed a greater reduction in V̇O2max after long-term detraining than adult individuals (Q = 5.9, p = 0.05), and athletes with higher trained-state V̇O2max showed a significant decline in V̇O2max after long-term detraining compared with the lower trained-state group (Q = 4.24, p = 0.03). In conclusion, both short- and long-term training cessation have a detrimental effect on V̇O2max, and a greater impact on V̇O2max was found in long-term training cessation compared to short-term training cessation; however, there was no significant change in V̇O2max when the duration of training cessation was more than 30 days. To buffer the detrimental effects of detraining, especially long-term training cessation, performing some physical exercise during training cessation can effectively weaken detraining effects. Thus, to prevent athlete's V̇O2max from decreasing dramatically from detraining, athletes should continue performing some physical exercise during the cessation of training.

Empirical analysis of cycling distances in three of Europe’s most bicycle-friendly regions within an accessibility framework

In this paper, we study observed cycling distances within an accessibility framework, using data from the Netherlands, the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area and the Freiburg Region. As a scope, we look at outbound trips in home-based tours which include a single destination. We relate these observed cycling distances to a rich set of explanatory variables using both quantile and ordinary least square regression models. The results provide evidence that cycling distances are similarly distributed in all three regions. Most cycling distances are rather short, with a median of only two and a mean of three kilometers. These values vary depending on the type of activity at the destination, gender and age of the traveler and the type of bicycle that has been used. Moreover, a few remarkable differences have been found between the three regions, such as substantially different effects of age and e-bike use on observed cycling distances. Noteworthy is the missing effect of urban density. The findings of this research provide urban planners with differentiated information about how far people cycle to daily-life destinations. As shown for the example of the “15 minutes city,” the outcomes can also be used to refine existing concepts of bicycle accessibility. Finally, this research offers valuable insights into three of Europe’s most developed bicycle cultures.

Sleep Stage Classification Based on Multi-Centers: Comparison Between Different Ages, Mental Health Conditions and Acquisition Devices.

PurposeTo investigate the general sleep stage classification performance of deep learning networks, three datasets, across different age groups, mental health conditions, and acquisition devices, comprising adults (SHHS) and children without mental health conditions (CCSHS), and subjects with mental health conditions (XJ), were included in this study.MethodsA long short-term memory (LSTM) network was used to evaluate the effect of different ages, mental health conditions, and acquisition devices on the sleep stage classification performance and the general performance.ResultsResults showed that the age and different mental health conditions may affect the sleep stage classification performance of the network. The same acquisition device using different parameters may not have an obvious effect on the classification performance. When using a single dataset and two datasets for training, the network performed better only on the training dataset. When training was conducted with three datasets, the network performed well for all datasets with a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.8192 and 0.8472 for the SHHS and CCSHS, respectively, but performed relatively worse (0.6491) for the XJ, which indicated the complexity effect of different mental health conditions on the sleep stage classification task. Moreover, the performance of the network trained using three datasets was similar for each dataset to that of the network trained using a single dataset and tested on the same dataset.ConclusionThese results suggested that when more datasets across different age groups, mental health conditions, and acquisition devices (ie, more datasets with different feature distributions for each sleep stage) are used for training, the general performance of a deep learning network will be superior for sleep stage classification tasks with varied conditions.

Effect of Different Age of Seedlings and Nitrogen Levels on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season (2021) at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture. The treatment consisted of T1­- 14 Days age seedlings + Nitrogen 100 kg/ha, T2- 14 Days age seedlings +Nitrogen 110 kg/ha, T3-14 days age seedlings + Nitrogen 120 kg/ha, T4­- 21 Days age seedlings + Nitrogen 100 kg/ha, T5- 21 Days age seedlings +Nitrogen 110 kg/ha, T6-21 days age seedlings + Nitrogen 120 kg/ha, T7­- 28 Days age seedlings + Nitrogen 100 kg/ha, T8- 28 Days age seedlings +Nitrogen 110 kg/ha, T9-28 days age seedlings + Nitrogen 120 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design, with 9 treatments replicated thrice. Results revealed that maximum plant height(100.40 cm), number of tillers per hill (14.80), plant dry weight(53.06 g/plant), panicle length(32.30 cm), panicle per m2(320), no of panicle per hill (10.70), no of filled grains per panicle (165), test weight(26.40g), grain yield(4.16t/ha), stover yield(6.24t/ha), gross return (INR 1,11,904.00), net return (INR 78,275.400), B:C ratio (2.33) was recorded and significantly influenced with the treatment 21 days age seedlings +Nitrogen 120 kg/ha. Therefore, the treatment 21 days age seedlings + Nitrogen 120kg/ha was found more productive and cost effective.

Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages

Abstract. Ustadi, Ikhsan N, Junus M, Suyadi. 2021. Improving the larvae acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana by grafting larvae at different ages. Biodiversitas 23: 166-170. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different ages of grafted larvae on the acceptance rate and morphometric characteristics of queen Apis cerana javana Fabr. The total of 72 larvae were 1, 2, and 3 days old and was reared in 7 colonies with 3 treatments (larvae age) and 6 replications. The morphometrics studied consisted of body length, emergence weight, head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen length, and abdomen width. The results showed that the different ages of grafted larvae had a highly significant on body length, emergence weight (P&lt;0.01), significant on abdomen length (P&lt;0.05), but not on head length, head width, thorax length, thorax width, fore wing length, fore wing width, abdomen width, acceptance rate. However, the higher acceptance rate was 73.33% to be found in 1 day old of larvae than in 2 and 3 days old. The age of grafted larvae of 1 day old has a higher body length, emergence weight, and abdomen length (P&lt;0.05) than in 2 and 3 days old of larvae. Thus, it can be concluded that the age of grafted larvae of 1 day old was the best age to queen rearing of Apis cerana javana.

Different Effects of Aging on Intraocular Pressures Measured by Three Different Tonometers.

This study aimed to compare intraocular pressures (IOP) using different tonometers, Goldmann applanation (IOPGAT), non-contact (IOPNCT), and rebound (IOPRBT), and to assess the effects of aging and central corneal thickness (CCT) on the measurements. The IOPGAT, IOPNCT, IOPRBT, mean patient age (65.1 ± 16.2 years), and CCT (521.7 ± 39.2 µm) were collected retrospectively from 1054 eyes. The differences among IOPs were compared by the paired t-test. Possible correlations between devices, age, and CCT were assessed by linear regression analyses. The effects of age and CCT on the IOP reading were assessed by mixed-effects regression models. The IOPGAT values were 2.4 and 1.4 mmHg higher than IOPNCT and IOPRBT, respectively; the IOPNCT was 1.0 mmHg lower than IOPRBT (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The IOPs measured by each tonometer were highly correlated with each other (r = 0.81–0.90, t = 45.2–65.5). The linear regression analyses showed that age was negatively correlated with IOPNCT (r = −0.12, t = −4.0) and IOPRBT (r = −0.14, t = −4.5) but not IOPGAT (r = 0.00, t = −0.2); the CCT was positively correlated with IOPGAT (r = 0.13, t = 4.3), IOPNCT (r = 0.29, t = 9.8), and IOPRBT (r = 0.22, t = 7.2). The mixed-effect regression models showed significant negative correlations between age and IOPNCT (t = −2.6) and IOPRBT (t = −3.4), no correlation between age and IOPGAT (t = 0.2), and a significant positive correlation between CCT and the tonometers (t = 3.4–7.3). No differences between IOPGAT and IOPRBT were seen at the age of 38.8 years. CCT affects IOPs from all tonometers; age affects IOPNCT and IOPRBT in different degrees. IOPRBT tended to be higher than IOPGAT in young subjects, but this stabilized in middle age and became higher in older subjects.

Effect of early age loading on the subsequent mechanical and permeability properties of concrete and its mechanism analysis

Modern construction methods often result in concrete structures bearing loads at an early age, which is different from the stress condition under the standard curing in the laboratory. This study experimentally examined effects of different ages and external loads on subsequent mechanical and permeability properties of concrete, and investigated the mechanism of effect from the perspective of internal structure changes. The results show when the early age loading reaches 40% of the current concrete strength, the original internal structure of specimens will be severely damaged, reflecting significant increase in the proportion of mesopores and macropores and obvious connectivity cracks, thus making the mechanical and permeability properties deteriorate, and the earlier the applied load, the greater of this deterioration. However, when loading at 10%, the original internal structure cannot be changed greatly due to the low load level, and some parts of the original pores are even compacted rather than expanded which has little effect on subsequent mechanical and permeability properties of concrete.

The Role of Age on Beta-Amyloid1–42 Plasma Levels in Healthy Subjects

Beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques have been observed in the brain of healthy elderlies with frequencies strongly influenced by age. The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of age and other biochemical and hematological parameters on Aβ1–42 plasma levels in cognitively and neurologically normal individuals. Two-hundred and seventy-five normal subjects stratified by age groups (<35 years, 35–65 years, and >65 years) were included in the study. Aβ1–42 plasma levels significantly correlated with age (rs = 0.27; p < 0.0001) in the whole sample, inversely correlated with age in the first age group (rs = −0.25, p = 0.01), positively correlated in the second group (rs = 0.22, p = 0.03), while there was no significant correlation in the older group (rs = 0.02, p = 0.86). Both age (β-estimate = 0.08; p < 0.001) and cholesterol (β-estimate = 0.03; p = 0.009) were significantly associated with Aβ1–42 plasma level in multivariable analysis. However, only the association with age survived post hoc adjustment for multiple comparisons. The different effects of age on the Aβ level across age groups should be explored in further studies to better understand the age-dependent variability. This could better define the value of plasma Aβ as a biomarker of the Alzheimer neuropathology.