Effect Of Deuterium-depleted Water Research Articles

Deuterium Depletion Inhibits Cell Proliferation, RNA and Nuclear Membrane Turnover to Enhance Survival in Pancreatic Cancer.

The effects of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) containing deuterium (D) at a concentration of 25 parts per million (ppm), 50 ppm, 105 ppm and the control at 150 ppm were monitored in MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells by the real-time cell impedance detection xCELLigence method. The data revealed that lower deuterium concentrations corresponded to lower MiA PaCa-2 growth rate. Nuclear membrane turnover and nucleic acid synthesis rate at different D-concentrations were determined by targeted [1,2-13C2]-D-glucose fate associations. The data showed severely decreased oxidative pentose cycling, RNA ribose 13C labeling from [1,2-13C2]-D-glucose and nuclear membrane lignoceric (C24:0) acid turnover. Here, we treated advanced pancreatic cancer patients with DDW as an extra-mitochondrial deuterium-depleting strategy and evaluated overall patient survival. Eighty-six (36 male and 50 female) pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients were treated with conventional chemotherapy and natural water (control, 30 patients) or 85 ppm DDW (56 patients), which was gradually decreased to preparations with 65 ppm and 45 ppm deuterium content for each 1 to 3 months treatment period. Patient survival curves were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and Pearson correlation was taken between medial survival time (MST) and DDW treatment in pancreatic cancer patients. The MST for patients consuming DDW treatment (n = 56) was 19.6 months in comparison with the 6.36 months’ MST achieved with chemotherapy alone (n = 30). There was a strong, statistically significant Pearson correlation (r = 0.504, p < 0.001) between survival time and length and frequency of DDW treatment.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Deuterium-Depleted Water Plus Rosa Damascena Mill. Essential Oil Via Cyclooxygenase-2 Pathway in Rats.

Natural medicine has been proposed for treating sepsis worldwide. Therefore, in this study, the effect of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) alone and adjuvant with Rosa damascena Mill. (RD) essential oils was considered through the evaluation of oxidative stress-antioxidant parameters and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inflammatory gene in liver damage caused by sepsis. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: 1) laparotomy group; 2) cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group; 3) DDW (15 ppm and 30 ppm doses) group; 4) DDW (15 ppm and 30 ppm doses) plus RD essential oil (100 mg/kg.bw); 5) indomethacin (2 mg/kg.bw) as a positive control. The treatments were daily administrated for 2 weeks and the CLP model was created on the day 15. Then, the animals were killed and their liver tissue was separated for histopathologic and biochemical assessment. Our results demonstrated that the treatment of animals with DDW and DDW plus RD essential oil was effective due to the regulation of the oxidative stress-antioxidant parameters including lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH), GSH s-transferases, myeloperoxidase, ferric reducing ability of plasma and inflammatory parameters such as prostaglandin E2 and COX-2. Pathological studies also showed that sepsis led to the liver tissue injuries, which can be reduced by treatments. Sepsis caused oxidative stress in the liver tissue, but the administration of DDW and DDW plus RD essential oil can be useful to prevent and heal these injuries.

Isotope Exchange of Deuterium for Protium in Rat Brain Tissues Changes Brain Tolerance to Hypoxia

The effect of deuterium-depleted water on oxidative processes in the rat brain under physiological or hypoxic conditions was studied. The results obtained by a tissue culture method that characterize the functional parameters of neurons under stress are also presented. Results on free radical processes in the rat brain tissues demonstrated that consumption of deuterium-depleted water over 2 weeks has a stress effect. The long-term consumption of deuterium-depleted water caused activation of non-specific protective systems. The effect of a saline solution prepared with deuterium-depleted water on a cerebellar tissue culture was also studied. When incubation occurred in a saline solution based on deuterium-depleted water, glucose deprivation and temperature stress (39°C) were found to result in increased cell death in the neuronal culture. The neuron death rates under physiological conditions were similar in the case of both 150 and 50 ppm deuterium. At the same time, the mitochondrial membrane potential of cerebellar neurons decreased in the deuterium-depleted medium. Thus, incubation of cerebellar neurons in the deuterium-depleted saline solution had no cytoprotective effect.

Premature senescence activation in DLD-1 colorectal cancer cells through adjuvant therapy to induce a miRNA profile modulating cellular death.

Cancer, and particularly colon cancer, is associated with an increasing number of cases resistant to chemotherapy. One approach to overcome this, and to improve the prognosis and outcome of patients, is the use of adjuvant therapy alongside the standard chemotherapy regiment. In the present study, the effect of deuterium-depleted water (DDW) as a potential modulator of adjuvant therapy on DLD-1 colorectal cancer models was assessed. A number of functionality assays were performed, including MTT, apoptosis and autophagy, and mitochondrial activity and senescence assays, in addition to assessing the capacity to modify the pattern of released miRNA via microarray technology. No significant effect on cell viability was identified, but an increase in mitochondrial activity and a weak pro-apoptotic effect were observed in the treated DLD-1 cells cultured in DDW-prepared medium compared with those grown in standard conditions (SC). Furthermore, the findings revealed the capacity of DDW medium to promote senescence to a higher degree compared with SC. The exosome-released miRNA pattern was significantly modified for the cells maintained in DDW compared with those maintained in SC. These findings suggest that DDW may serve as an adjuvant treatment; however, a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of action will be useful for developing novel and efficient therapeutic strategies, in which the transcriptomic pattern serves an important role.

Effect of deuterium-depleted water on selected cardiometabolic parameters in fructose-treated rats.

Deuterium-depleted water (DDW) has a lower concentration of deuterium than occurs naturally (less than 145 ppm). While effects of DDW on cancer started to be intensively studied, the effects on cardiovascular system are completely unknown. Thus, we aimed to analyze the effects of DDW (55+/-5 ppm) administration to 12-week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) treated with 15 % fructose for 6 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) and selected biochemical parameters were measured together with determination of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and iNOS and eNOS protein expressions in the left ventricle (LV) and aorta. Neither DDW nor fructose had any significant effect on BP in both strains. DDW treatment decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in WKY, but it was not able to prevent increase in the same parameters elevated due to fructose treatment in SHR. Both fructose and DDW increased insulin level in WKY. Fructose did not affect NOS activity either in WKY or SHR. DDW increased NOS activity in LV of both WKY and SHR, while it decreased NOS activity and iNOS expression in the aorta of SHR with or without fructose treatment. In conclusion, DDW treatment significantly modified biochemical parameters in WKY together with NOS activity elevation in the heart. On the other hand, it did not affect biochemical parameters in SHR, but decreased NOS activity elevated due to iNOS upregulation in the aorta.

VARIATION OF THE DEUTERIUM CONCENTRATION IN RATS` BLOOD AFTER DEUTERIUM DEPLETED WATER ADMINISTRATION AND INTOXICATION WITH CADMIUM

The effects of cadmium pollution are highlighted in many studies, [7,14]. Cadmium, absorbed within the organism, inhibits the action of some antioxidant enzymes, especially those which contain SH and affect especially the liver and kidneys. The level of deuterium in tap water is 150 ppm and in deuterium depleted water are under 80 ppm. Deuterium depleted water with a deuterium level of 30 ppm has an antioxidant effect on the organism [9, 10]. The present study has asses the effects of deuterium depleted water (30 ppm) on the deuterium blood level in the rats exposed to cadmium (20 ppm Cd/kg administered as CdCl2 solution in a single dose). The intoxication with cadmium modified the blood level of deuterium in the animals and the kidney, liver and spleen weight. The blood level of deuterium was determined through weight spectroscopy with the spectrofotometer SMAD 1. We observed a protective effect of deuterium depleted water on the rat organism, for preventive administration, as well as treatment and the important role in eliminating cadmium

Effect of deuterium-depleted water on reproduction of rainbow trout

During the artificial reproduction of salmonides, the fecundity can be increased either by improving the viability of spermatozoa, or by extending the time period during which a roe micropile remains open, thus allowing its fecundation. Practically, this can be achieved by the use of some fertilising techniques suitable for fish species. Here, we show that the reproduction of rainbow trout in a 1:1 solution of deuterium-depleted water and distilled water led to a significant increase in survival of roes during their embryonic development. Moreover, the addition of glucose and fructose into the deuterium-depleted fertilising solutions led to a further increase in roe survival during embryonic development. The increase in survival is mainly explained by an increase in the motility of spermatozoa.