Effect Of DEAE-dextran Research Articles

Effect of DEAE-dextran and dextran sulfate on [ 35S] sulfate incorporation into glycosaminoglycans of normal and SV40 virus-transformed 3T3 cells

Short (10 min) and long (24 hr) treatments with 10 μg/ml dextran sulfate produced a marked increase in the incorporation of [ 35S] sulfate into cell-associated and extracellular glycosaminoglycans of SV40-transformed 3T3 cells. Similar treatment of 3T3 cells did not affect glycosaminoglycan synthesis. DEAE-dextran treatment for 24 hr produced a large increase in the cell-associated glycosaminoglycans and a proportional decrease in the extracellular sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The types of glycosaminoglycans synthesized were not affected significantly by the treatments.

Effect of DEAE-dextran on protein synthesis in HeLa cells.

Concentrations of DEAE-dextran which are currently used to stimulate the interaction between animal cells and natural or synthetic polynucleotides, inhibit protein synthesis in HeLa cells. This inhibition results from the blocking of more than one of the steps in protein synthesis, including transport of amino acids. The results support the hypothesis that enhancement of cellular competence for infection by viral RNA involves interference with initiation of cellular protein synthesis.

Effect of DEAE-dextran on solubility of interphase chromatin.

Effect of DEAE-dextran on solubility of interphase chromatin.

The effect of DEAE-dextran on the infectivity of a feline calicivirus and its RNA.

The polycation DEAE-Dextran increases the plating efficiency of an intact feline calicivirus in primary kitten kidney cells by up to 10 times. Both pretreated virus and pretreated cells show a similar dose response curve with a peak at 250 μg/ml DEAE-Dextran. Above this concentration, the polycation appeared toxic to the cell monolayers. Pretreated washed cells showed an increased plaque count of intact virus but this was only in the order of a two fold increase.

Effect of polyions on Japanese encephalitis virus Difference in interaction of virus with DEAE dextran and Dextran sulfate between PS cell adapted and non-adapted virus

The effect of DEAE dextran and Dextran sulfate on Japanese encephalitis virus was studied to elucidate the difference in characteristics between porcine kidney stable (PS) cell cultures-adapted and nonadapted virus. The infectivity of PS-adapted virus was markedly inhibited by the addition of either DEAE dextran or Dextran sulfate, because of interference by the polyions with virus adsorption. Furthermore, release of PS-adapted virus from cells was found to be enhanced by the addition of the polyions. Consequently, when virus was grown in the presence of the polyions, virus titers in the supernatant fluid were always higher than in the control cultures.

The effect of DEAE-dextran on the nucleic acids of two plant viruses.

The polycation DEAE-dextran enhances the infectivity of animal virus RNA and DNA for cell cultures by up to 105 times (evidence reviewed by Pagano, 1970). It is thought to form ionic bonds with the phosphate groups of the nucleic acid which not only stabilizes it and partially protects it from nucleases, but also affects the assay cells and facilitates infection. The apparent infectivities of plant virus nucleic acids have been increased by reconstitution with protein (Fraenkel-Conrat & Singer, 1959), by adding phosphate (Lippincott, 1961), bentonite (Fraenkel-Conrat, Singer & Tsugita, 1961; Singer & Fraenkel-Conrat, 1961), sucrose (Kongsvik & Santilli, 1970) or alkaline buffers (Sarkar, 1963), or by keeping the test plants at 37° or in darkness before inoculation (Bawden & Pirie, 1959; Kongsvik & Santilli, 1970).

Effect of DEAE-Dextran on Interferon Production and Protective Effect in Mice Treated with the Double-Stranded Polynucleotide Complex Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid

Summary Interferon production by mice treated with the double-stranded polynucleotide complex I:C is increased up to 30 times by the presence of DEAE-dextran in injected I:C solutions. Consistent amounts of circulating IF could be detected only 90 min after treatment. The highest levels of circulating IF were produced within 3 hr after treatment with I:C (20 µg/mouse) and DEAE-dx (200 µg/mouse). The highest levels of circulating IF were maintained during a 10- to 12-hr period following a single stimulation. Repeated treatment of mice with I:C and DEAE-dx after the disappearence of previously induced IF were followed by new rises of IF production. If stimulation was repeated at the times when the previously induced level of circulating IF was still high, it was possible to maintain this level during the whole period of study (39 hr). Protection against challenge with Columbia SK virus was much higher in mice treated with repeated doses of inducer (90% survival) than in mice treated with a single dose of inducer (50% survival).

Effect of DEAE-dextran on production of interferon induced by synthetic double-stranded RNA in L cell cultures.

SummaryInterferon production and antiviral activity by L cells treated with double-stranded synthetic polynucleotide complex I:C is increased up to one hundred times by addition of DEAE-dextran. Highest interferon production (300 units) was observed when I:C (10 μg/ml) and DEAE-dx (200-400 μg/ml) were held in contact with the cells for a 12-hour period. However increased amounts of interferon were also produced when the inducer and DEAE-dx were removed 2 hours after their addition and the cultures were reincubated for 10 additional hours. The inhibitor produced was shown to have properties consistent with those of interferon.

INHIBITION OF POLIOVIRUS MINUTE-PLAQUE MUTANTS AND ECHOVIRUSES BY SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDES.

SummaryDEAE-dextran was shown to increase plaque diameter of poliovirus m mutants malpha, mpi, and mepsilon, and slow Mahoney and wild-type echoviruses 5, 8, 11. and 26, but it did not affect plaque diameter of wild-type polioviruses tested. DS and agar extract slowed completion of CPE by polio-virus m mutants and echoviruses: however. wild-type polioviruses were not affected. The increase or decrease in plaque diameters of poliovirus mutants and echoviruses was dependent on increased concentrations of DEAE-dextran and DS, respectively. The effect of DEAE-dextran on e.o.p. of poliovirus mutants and echoviruses was related to their plaque development period. L-cystine did not affect plaque size of poliovirus m mutants nor wild-types of Mahoney, Theiler's Lansing, and Charbonneau; however, it increased plaque diameters of Brunhilde and Akron wild-types and echoviruses 5, 8, 11. and 26.