Effect Of Continuous Enteral Nutrition Research Articles

The Effect of Continuous Enteral Nutrition on Nutrition Indices, Compared to the Intermittent and Combination Enteral Nutrition in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients.

Nutrition support is one of the most common care, which is undertaken for patients who suffered from Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and are admitted in intensive care units. Literature indicates some controversies regarding the appropriate method of nutrition support in these patients. This study was conducted for determining the effect of continuous enteral nutrition on nutrition indices, compared to the intermittent enteral and combination nutrition in TBI patients. In a randomized clinical trial, 60 TBI patients who were admitted to critical care units of Taleghani Hospital of Kermanshah-Iran in 2010 recruited to the study. The samples were allocated to three groups of continuous enteral nutrition, intermittent enteral nutrition and combination nutrition supports by random sampling. The tool was a researcher-made checklist. The three methods of nutrition support were performed to the participants, then nutrition indices of patients were measured before and during three weeks. Data were analysed using SPSS software, descriptive, and inferential statistics. The mean of received energy in the combination group (53.1± 18.3%) was higher than continuous (38.5±19.7%) and intermittent (32.2±14.7%) groups, significantly (p<0.001). The received protein was also greater in combination method (67.7±16.9%) than continuous (31.8±15.1%) and intermittent groups (17.2±10.1%), (p=0.001). The mean of nitrogen balance was improved in continuous method from -4.7± -1.6 to 7.2±5.2, (p<0.001) significantly. In this study, received energy of patients was not enough by three methods. However, the continuous method, having a positive effect on nitrogen balance, reducing hypercatabolism and maintaining the total body protein, was preferred to brain injury patients compared with intermittent enteral and parenteral methods that demand more studies.

The Effect of Continuous Enteral Nutrition on Gastric Acidity in Humans

Abstract: This study examines 24‐hour gastric pH response under four nutritional conditions in 11 normal subjects. The conditions include: fasting, normal meals, and infusion of an equicaloric nutritional solution either parenterally or intraduodenally (i.d.). The volunteers underwent four 24‐hour intragastric pH measurement studies. Serum glucose, calcium, immunoreactive insulin, and gastrin levels were determined at various intervals. Median 24‐hour gastric pH values were significantly lower during i.d. infusion than during parenteral feeding but were not significantly different from fasting or normal diet values. Median 24‐hour serum glucose levels during i.d. infusion were higher than during fasting and lower than during parenteral nutrition. Median 24‐hour serum insulin levels during i.d. infusion were higher than during fasting but similar to levels during parenteral nutrition. Neither median 24‐hour gastrin levels nor calcium levels were altered by the various regimens. The authors conclude that continuous i.d. nutrient infusion produces gastric pH values similar to fasting or normal meal levels, whereas parenteral nutrition increases gastric pH. This suggests that under physiologic conditions, gastric acidity is under feedback control

The effect of continuous enteral nutrition on gastric acidity in humans.

Abstract: This study examines 24‐hour gastric pH response under four nutritional conditions in 11 normal subjects. The conditions include: fasting, normal meals, and infusion of an equicaloric nutritional solution either parenterally or intraduodenally (i.d.). The volunteers underwent four 24‐hour intragastric pH measurement studies. Serum glucose, calcium, immunoreactive insulin, and gastrin levels were determined at various intervals. Median 24‐hour gastric pH values were significantly lower during i.d. infusion than during parenteral feeding but were not significantly different from fasting or normal diet values. Median 24‐hour serum glucose levels during i.d. infusion were higher than during fasting and lower than during parenteral nutrition. Median 24‐hour serum insulin levels during i.d. infusion were higher than during fasting but similar to levels during parenteral nutrition. Neither median 24‐hour gastrin levels nor calcium levels were altered by the various regimens. The authors conclude that continuous i.d. nutrient infusion produces gastric pH values similar to fasting or normal meal levels, whereas parenteral nutrition increases gastric pH. This suggests that under physiologic conditions, gastric acidity is under feedback control

The effect of continuous enteral nutrition on gastric acidity in humans

The effect of continuous intraduodenal enteralw nutrition on gastric pH was compared with the effects of fasting and of parenteral and standard nutrition control regimens containing equal amounts of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid. Eleven healthy volunteers underwent four 24-hour intragastric pH-metry studies; serum glucose, calcium, immunoreactive insulin and gastrin levels were determined during fasting and enteral and parenteral regimens. Median 24-hour gastric pH during enteral nutrition (group median pH 1.4) was lower than during parenteral nutrition (pH 1.9; P = 0.0039 vs. enteral) but was not different from fasting (pH 1.4) or standard nutrition (pH 1.6) values. Median 24-hour serum glucose levels during enteral nutrition (group median, 4.8 mmoI/L) were higher than during fasting (4.0 mmol/L; P = 0.00098 vs. enteral) and lower than during parenteral nutrition (5.3 mmol/L; P = 0.0039 vs. enteral). Median 24-hour serum insulin levels during enteral nutrition (group median, 22.9 mU/L) were higher than during fasting (group median, 9.2 mU/L; P = 0.00098 vs. enteral) but similar to levels during parenteral nutrition (23.3 mU/L). Neither median 24-hour gastrin levels nor calcium levels were affected by any nutrition regimen. Thus, continuous enteral nutrition produces gastric pH values similar to those seen with fasting or standard nutrition, suggesting that, under most physiological conditions, gastric acidity is subject to close feedback control. Parenteral nutrition increases gastric pH, suggesting that systemic nutrients may influence this feedback mechanism.

Cholesterol-lowering effect of continuous enteral nutrition in man

We have studied the effect of polymeric cholesterol-free enteral nutrition (EN) on serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in 30 consecutive non-diabetic, non-hyperlipaemic gastrointestinal patients. EN-40 ± (SEM) 2 kcal/kg/day including 35% vegetable lipids (50% highly polyunsaturated fat, 50% medium chain triglycerides)—was delivered continuously (24h) via the gastric route for at least 2 weeks (mean duration: 35 ± 4 days). In the entire group, serum total cholesterol decreased by 10.5% (p < 0.01) on day 7 and 17.5% (p < 0.01) on day 28 (n = 12); this was accompanied by 21% and 20% decreases in LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B (p < 0.05) levels respectively, on day 28. In the 19 patients who were normocholesterolaemic on day 0, serum total cholesterol decreased by 15% (p < 0.01) on day 7 and by 28% (p < 0.05) on day 28 (n = 7). Conversely, in the other 11 patients with a low (<3.7 mmol/L) pre-EN serum total cholesterol level, no significant changes were observed during EN. We conclude that continuous, cholesterol-free EN has, in normocholesterolaemic patients, a marked cholesterol-lowering effect; the respective role of the composition of the diet and the continuous delivery of nutrient within the gut have yet to be investigated.

Effect of continuous enteral nutrition (EN) with MCT on energy balance and lipid metabolism : [formula omitted], L.Sobotka, V.Pidrman, J.Horáček, B.Červenka, Charles University Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czechoslovakia

Effect of continuous enteral nutrition (EN) with MCT on energy balance and lipid metabolism : [formula omitted], L.Sobotka, V.Pidrman, J.Horáček, B.Červenka, Charles University Faculty of Medicine, Hradec Králové, Czechoslovakia