Effect Of Cold Plasma Treatment Research Articles

The Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Storage Stability of Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

Postharvest Agaricus bisporus is susceptible to browning, water loss, and microbial infection. In order to extend its shelf life, cold plasma technology was used to treat and evaluate A. bisporus. Firstly, according to the results of a single factor test and response surface analysis, the optimal conditions for cold plasma treatment were determined as a voltage of 95 kV, a frequency of 130 Hz, and a processing time of 10 min. Secondly, storage experiments were carried out using the optimized cold plasma treatment. The results showed that the cold plasma treatment in the packaging significantly reduced the total viable count in A. bisporus by approximately 16.5%, maintained a browning degree at 26.9% lower than that of the control group, and a hardness at 25.6% higher than that of the control group. In addition, the cold plasma treatment also helped to preserve the vitamin C and total protein content of A. bisporus. In conclusion, cold plasma treatment showed great potential in enhancing the postharvest quality of fresh A. bisporus.

Effect of cold plasma treatment on the structure and emulsifying activities of phycocyanin

Effect of cold plasma treatment on the structure and emulsifying activities of phycocyanin

The effect of cold plasma treatment on the fruit quality and aroma components of winter jujubes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. 'Dongzao').

Cold plasma (CP) is a novel environmental-friendly preservation technology that causes minimal damage to fruits. The flavor and quality of winter jujubes have decreased with the extended storage time. Currently, the research on the use of CP on winter jujubes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. 'Dongzao') mainly focuses on the effect of the treatment on storage quality. There is limited research on the effect of CP treatment on the flavor of winter jujubes. This study used different CP (80kV) treatment durations (0, 5, and 10min) to treat winter jujubes. The appropriate treatment time was selected by observing the changes in color, respiratory intensity, soluble sugar content, total acid content, and vitamin C (VC) content of winter jujubes. Amino acid analyzer and headspace solid-phase microextraction in combination with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric detection were used to analyze the effect of CP treatment on the flavor compounds of winter jujubes. The results showed that the 5-min CP treatment could significantly slow down the red coloration of winter jujube while maintaining high soluble sugar, total acid, and VC content. At the respiration peak, the respiratory intensity of the 5-min CP treatment group was 0.74 mg CO2·kg-1·h-1 lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). CP treatment slowed down the decrease in the content of amino acids and volatile organic compounds (such as 2-methyl-4-pentenal, 2-hexenal, and 3-hexenal) in winter jujubes. This study will provide basic data for applying CP preservation technology in postharvest winter jujubes.

Cold Plasma Ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Mice.

Cold plasma has shown efficacy in various dermatological applications by reduces inflammatory responses and modulating cytokine expression. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of cold plasma on psoriasis. In psoriasis HaCaT cells with cold plasma, we confirmed the expression of inflammatory cytokines involved in psoriasis formation and MAPK pathway, cell cycle, and apoptosis-related factors. In psoriasis-like BALB/c mice model, the effects of cold plasma treatment on skin were visually assessed. The expression of psoriasis-related factors was confirmed through qPCR, Western blotting, and Immunohistochemistry. Cold plasma led to a reduction in inflammatory cytokines including IL-17A, IL-23A, IL-24, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the psoriasis cell line. It also modulated factors involved in the MAPK pathway and the cell cycle. In the psoriasis-like mice model, cold plasma resulted in improvements in skin thickness, erythema, scaling, and PASI. Additionally, decreases in inflammatory cytokines like INF-γ, IL-23, and S100a7 were observed, along with improvements in MAPK pathway activation, apoptosis, and other psoriasis-related factors. Through in vitro and in vivo studies, our research highlights the potential of cold plasma as a novel therapeutic approach for psoriasis. Furthermore, cold plasma could serve as an adjunctive treatment for skin immunological diseases.

Effect of cold plasma treatment on physicochemical and functional properties of gelatin extracted from buffalo bone

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the impact of cold plasma at various power levels (170, 200, and 230V) and for different times (5, 10, and 15 min) on gelatin extracted from buffalo bone to ascertain the difference in physicochemical and functional parameters of untreated and cold plasma treated gelatin. An increase in porosity and angle of repose, and decrease in flow characteristics were observed. The etching phenomenon of cold plasma enhanced surface area, and hence increased viscosity. An increase in the elastic behaviour of gelatin was detected from G' (Storage Modulus) and G" (Loss Modulus). The relative crystallinity dropped to 39.45% in the control sample and 36.9% in the treated samples on XRD as an effect of active plasma species. FTIR revealed minor differences in peak intensity, without a new chemical group. Gelatin's microstructure and surface topography were revealed via SEM investigation. The DSC analysis demonstrated an increase in glass transition (Tg) temperature of gelatin molecules due to alteration in chain dynamics and intermolecular interactions. Moreover, gelatin films prepared from cold plasma treated gelatin showed significant improvement in their tensile strength and mechanical properties suitable for development of packaging films.

Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on Seed Quality Parameters under Cold Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abiotic stresses impinge rice production all over the world. Low temperature stress is one among the major abiotic stresses in crop plants significantly affecting plant growth, survival, reproduction, and dispersal. Therefore an experiment was carried out on rice variety BPT 5204 to study the effects of cold plasma treatment under cold stress. Attempt was made to standardize appropriate stage of exposure (dry seeds, sprouted seeds), voltage (30kv, 20kv) and duration of exposure (10min, 20min) based on the performance in vigour tests i.e., germination, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-II, field emergence test, abnormality and imbibition tests at a temperature of 18°C. Results indicated that exposure of sprouts of BPT 5204 at 20kv for 20min has given highest germination (88%), seedling dry weight (68.10 mg), seedling vigour index II (597), field emergence (77%), imbibition rate (0.495) and lowest abnormality (12%) in comparison to control and other treatments. This indicates that cold plasma treated at 20kv for 20min on paddy sprouts had a greater stimulatory effect on plant growth and development under cold temperature conditions.

Cold Plasma for the Modification of the Surface Roughness of Microparticles.

Cold plasma treatment is commonly used for sterilization. However, another potential of cold plasma treatment is surface modification. To date, several efforts have been directed toward investigating the effect of cold plasma treatment in modifying the surfaces of films. Here, the impact of suspension properties and parameters of cold plasma treatment on the changes of surfaces of monodisperse polymeric microparticles is tested. The plasma treatment did not touch the surface chemistry of the monodisperse polymeric microparticles. The concentration of suspensions of 1 mg/mL was determined to relate to a stronger effect of the plasma treatment on the roughness of the microparticles. Microparticles with an average diameter of 20 μm show a roughness increase with the plasma treatment time. However, a plasma treatment time longer than 15 min damages the microparticles, as observed in particles with an average diameter of 20 and 50 μm. We finally prototyped monodisperse microparticles to deliver drugs to the nasal mucosa by studying the effect of roughness in their (undesired) self-adhesion and (desired) adhesion with tissue. A moderate roughness, with an average peak-to-valley distance of 500 nm, appears to be the most effective in reducing the detachment forces with nasal tissue by up to 5 mN.

Cold plasma – A new technology for maintaining key aroma compounds and flavor in coconut water

This study investigated the effects of cold plasma treatment on the aroma compounds and flavor of aromatic coconut water. Cold plasma treatment led to an increase in the aroma attributes of coconut water butter and popcorn flavors. Moreover, cold plasma showed good retention of key aroma actives such as 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and nonanal in aromatic coconut water, which inhibited the loss of key aroma characteristics and odor production of aromatic coconut water. In addition, 11 differential metabolites were screened before and after cold plasma treatment, among which nonanal was the key differential aroma active substance before and after cold plasma treatment. This study shows that cold plasma treatment is an effective strategy for preserving the flavor of aromatic coconut water and is a promising new technology for aromatic processed coconut water beverages.

Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Quality of Fresh-Cut Hami Melons during Chilling Storage

Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment on the Quality of Fresh-Cut Hami Melons during Chilling Storage

Effect of cold plasma treatment on the quality and nutritional value of plant materials. Scoping review

Cold plasma treatment is a new technology for non-thermal processing of food products, which helps to increase the expiration date of plant foods without adversely affecting their nutritional value and organoleptic parameters. The work was aimed at analyzing studies into the effect of cold plasma treatment of plant materials on their chemical composition and secondary plant metabolites, as well as organoleptic parameters. The review includes articles published in English in 2015–2023. The search for scientific literature on this topic was conducted across Scopus and Web of Science using keywords. The studies show that the effect of cold plasma treatment on proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and organoleptic parameters of plant materials depended primarily on the exposure time, intensity, power, frequency, gas flow rate, as well as the amount and type of processed plant materials. Due to the high oxidation potential and antimicrobial activity, cold plasma technology can provide an effective way to increase the shelf life and expiration date of plant materials without adversely affecting the organoleptic parameters, physicochemical parameters, and nutritional value of the product. However, limitations exist for its widespread industrial implementation. Further studies are required to determine specific treatment parameters for different types of materials and to confirm the safety and possible toxicity of cold plasma-treated food products.

Cold plasma treatment delays the texture softening of apricot fruit through PAPL-PL-pectin changes

Apricot, a forest fruit with distinct characteristics, has witnessed a continuous expansion of its market scale over the years. However, the high loss rate caused by fruit texture softening poses a significant challenge to the development of the apricot industry. The effect of cold plasma treatment on the texture was investigated. The findings revealed that compared to the control group, the firmness of apricot fruit increased by 49%, 31%, and 30% after treatment for 20, 40, and 60 s, respectively. Applying an optimal cold plasma treatment (20–40 s) can effectively inhibit the degradation of pectin component branches, thereby delaying the increase in water-soluble pectin (WSP) and iron - soluble pectin (ISP) content, reducing the decline in covalent - soluble pectin (CSP) content, ultimately enhancing fruit firmness and extending the storage period of apricot. RNA-seq results revealed the involvement of pectin decomposition mediated by pectin lyase (PL) in the process of texture softening of apricot fruit, with a key role played by the pectin lyase gene (PaPL). These findings not only enrich the mechanism of texture softening of apricot fruit, but also provide valuable insights for utilizing cold plasma in post-harvest preservation of apricot fruit.

Training in the use of the water jet and cold atmospheric plasma jet for the decontamination of dental implants

ObjectivesClinical trials testing new devices require prior training on dummies to minimize the "learning curve" for patients. Dentists were trained using a novel water jet device for mechanical cleaning of dental implants and with a novel cold plasma device for surface functionalisation during a simulated open flap peri-implantitis therapy. The hypothesis was that there would be a learning curve for both devices.Materials and methods11 dentists instrumented 44 implants in a dummy-fixed jaw model. The effect of the water jet treatment was assessed as stain removal and the effect of cold plasma treatment as surface wettability. Both results were analysed using photographs. To improve treatment skills, each dentist treated four implants and checked the results immediately after the treatment as feedback.ResultsWater jet treatment significantly improved from the first to the second implant from 62.7% to 75.3% stain removal, with no further improvement up to the fourth implant. The wettability with cold plasma application reached immediately a high level at the first implant and was unchanged to the 4th implant (mean scores 2.7 out of 3).ConclusionA moderate learning curve was found for handling of the water jet but none for handling of the cold plasma.Clinical relevanceScientific rational for study: Two new devices were developed for peri-implantitis treatment (Dental water jet, cold plasma). Dentists were trained in the use of these devices prior to the trial to minimize learning effects.Principal findings: Experienced dentists learn the handling of the water jet very rapidly and for cold plasma they do not need much training.Practical implications: A clinical study is in process. When the planned clinical study will be finished, we will find out, if this dummy head exercise really minimised the learning curve for these devices.

Effect of cold plasma treatment of sunflower seed protein modification on its structural and functional properties and its mechanism

Sunflower seed protein is a protein rich in amino acids, but its structure is more difficult to be applied due to its poor functional properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cold plasma treatment on the structural and functional properties of sunflower seed protein. The results showed that the energetic particles and active substances generated by cold plasma treatment could improve the spatial structure of the protein by bombardment/etching and oxidation, respectively, which led to the change of its secondary structure: α-helices and random coil were transformed to β-sheet and β-turns, and the tertiary structure: the fluorescence intensity was increased, the roughness was decreased, which finally led to the increase of the zeta-potential, the solubility increased to 7.341, and the emulsion increased to 7.341, which led to the increase of the solubility and the fluorescence intensity. to 7.341, and the emulsion activity index and emulsion stability index increased from 1.842 m2/g, 107.5 min to 3.3887 m2/g, 171.4 min. These changes were attributed to the fact that the cold plasma treatment altered the structure of sunflower proteins from tightly hydrophobic to loosely hydrophilic, with the exposure of the internal hydrophobic groups and the protein aggregation from large to small. This provides a theoretical basis for its application in food.

Enhancing functional properties of active chitosan film incorporated with cinnamon oil nanoemulsion using argon dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma treatment

The effects of cold plasma treatment (CPT) and cinnamon oil nanoemulsion (CN) on the functional properties of chitosan film were investigated. CN with particle size of 72.20 nm was prepared by ultrasonication method before incorporating into chitosan. Chitosan film (CS) and CS incorporated with CN (CS–CN) were monitored for surface roughness, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), optical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), oxygen transmission rate (OTR), contact angle, and antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. CS-CN had lower OTR and contact angle than CS due to the molecular structure reorientation of the CS polymer matrix caused by CN. CS-CN had better antimicrobial activity than CS due to the bioactive compounds from the CN. Depending on the CPT time, CPT could improve roughness, TS, wettability and antimicrobial activity of both CS and CS-CN through the formation of the oxygen-containing groups such as –OH, and –CO and the occurrence of the etching effect of high energy plasma on the film surface, as evident by the analyses of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, crosslinking induced by CPT could improve oxygen barriers of films. The increase of antimicrobial activity of CS-CN was potentially because CPT generated reactive species damaged the bacterial cell, facilitated the diffusion of CN through the film matrix, and enhanced the release of CN from the film surface. The CPT-treated CS-CN has potential to be used as active film for food.

The effect of cold plasma treatment on quality attributes and shelf life of apples

The effectiveness of atmospheric air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma was compared with existing decontamination methods for improving the quality and shelf life of apples. The samples were stored in two different storage conditions (ambient, 27 ± 3 °C; and cold, 10 ± 1 °C) to check the effect of storage temperature on their shelf life. The microbial load on the apples was reduced after all the treatments, and samples stored at 10 ℃ showed a higher reduction in microbial load with increased shelf life. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activities showed a significant reduction after cold plasma treatment; however, peroxidase (POD) activity showed a lower reduction than PPO and PAL enzymes. Color changes evaluated using L*, a*, and b* values showed higher retention for the red color in the treated samples compared to control samples, and the firmness of all treated samples was maintained throughout the storage period. The total phenolic content (TPC) increased after cold plasma treatment and carotenoid content was retained in the treated samples. In addition, the present study demonstrated that the novel cold plasma decontamination method was more effective in reducing the pesticides (Malathion, Fenthion, and Chlorpyrifos) from the apple surfaces than the conventional methods. Cold plasma can be a better alternative for decontaminating apples; however, other hurdles may be required to increase their shelf life further.

Effects of cold plasma treatment on the biological performances of decellularized bovine pericardium extracellular matrix-based films for biomedical applications

Aim: Since decades, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-derived materials have received worldwide attention as promising biomaterials for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. Soluble dECM is a versatile raw material that can be easily engineered into the desired shapes and structures. However, there are still some limitations restricting its use, including low hydrophilicity and smooth surfaces, which negatively influence cell adhesion/spreading. The objective of the present study was to investigate surface modification by nitrogen/hydrogen (N2/H2) low-pressure cold plasma treatment as a potential technique to improve the biological response of bovine pericardium dECM films. Methods: Bovine pericardium dECM was enzymatically digested and lyophilized prior to the preparation of thin films via solvent-casting method. Changes in surface properties after plasma treatment were investigated using water contact angle (WCA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Immunofluorescence staining and resazurin assay for human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) cultured on the dECM films were used to assess the bioactivity of dECM films. Finally, the hemocompatibility of the films was investigated via clotting time and hemolysis assay. Results: WCA and XPS results revealed that oxygen (O)- and N-containing functional groups were incorporated onto the film surface and an increase in hydrophilicity was observed after plasma treatment. In vitro experiments showed that cell adhesion in plasma-treated dECM films is much faster if compared to the untreated controls. Moreover, the fibroblast proliferation increased after plasma surface modifications. Finally, the hemocompatibility analysis results indicated a delayed blood clotting and no hemolytic effects for all the tested samples. Conclusions: These findings confirmed the potential of dECM as raw material for biocompatible thin films fabrication. Additionally, plasma surface treatment emerged as an eco-friendly and cost-effective strategy to enhance in vitro cell attachment and proliferation on dECM films, expanding their applications in biomedicine.

Preserving wheat flour with cellulose nanocomposite packaging and cold plasma treatment: Eliminating fungal contamination and improving functionality

The main aim of the present study was to produce uncontaminated flour that preserves its quality without undergoing any alterations. The present study investigated the effects of cold plasma treatment, carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/nanoclay (CMC/PVA/nanoclay—CPN) packaging, and the combined treatment of cold plasma and cellulose nanocomposite packaging on wheat flour's shelf life and quality during storage. Our findings strongly suggest that the synergistic application of cold plasma treatment and CPN packaging holds remarkable potential for the complete decontamination of A. flavus. In terms of wheat flour functionality, our results highlight the superior performance of the combined approach of cold plasma treatment and CPN packaging when compared to their individual utilization and the control group. However, it should be noted that there appears to be a decline in the preservation of wheat flour quality during storage. A. flavus was effectively eradicated from flour samples through plasma treatment at 12 and 15 kV voltage levels. However, this treatment had notable effects on dry and wet gluten and starch compositions. Our results suggest combining CPN packaging with cold plasma treatment is viable for extending wheat flour's gluten and starch content during storage. Treatment B, with 10 kV applied for 7 min, and Treatment C, with 10 kV applied for 10 min, exhibit positive preservation results. The above findings contribute to understanding and advancing techniques to effectively preserve flour-based culinary products' quality and nutritional value.

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Medicine: Applications, Challenges, and Opportunities for Predictive Control

Plasma medicine is an emerging field that applies the science and engineering of physical plasma to biomedical applications. Low-temperature plasma, also known as cold plasma, is generated via the ionization of atoms in a gas, generally via exposure to strong electric fields, and consists of ions, free radicals, and molecules at varying energy states. Plasmas generated at low temperatures (approximately room temperature) have been used for applications in dermatology, oncology, and anti-microbial strategies. Despite current and ongoing clinical use, the exact mechanisms of action and the full range of effects of cold plasma treatment on cells are only just beginning to be understood. Direct and indirect effects of plasma on immune cells have the potential to be utilized for various applications such as immunomodulation, anti-infective therapies, and regulating inflammation. In this review, we combine diverse expertise in the fields of plasma chemistry, device design, and immunobiology to cover the history and current state of plasma medicine, basic plasma chemistry and their implications, the effects of cold atmospheric plasma on host cells with their potential immunological consequences, future directions, and the outlook and recommendations for plasma medicine.

Application of cold argon plasma on germination, root length, and decontamination of soybean cultivars

Applying cold discharge plasma can potentially alter plants' germination characteristics by triggering their physiological activities. As a main crop in many countries, soybean was examined in the present study using cultivars such as Arian, Katoul, Saba, Sari, and Williams in a cold argon plasma. This study has been motivated by the importance of plant production worldwide, considering climate change and the increasing needs of human populations for food. This study was performed to inspect the effect of cold plasma treatment on seed germination and the impact of argon plasma on microbial decontamination was investigated on soybeans. Also, the employed cultivars have not been studied until now the radicals generated from argon were detected by optical emission spectrometry (OES), and a collisional radiative model was used to describe electron density. The germination properties, including final germination percentage (FGP), mean germination time (MGT), root length, and electrical conductivity of biomolecules released from the seeds, were investigated after the plasma treatments for 30, 60, 180, 300, and 420 s. The decontamination effect of the plasma on Aspergillus flavus (A.flavus) and Fusarium solani (F.solani) was also examined. The plasma for 60 s induced a maximum FGP change of 23.12 ± 0.34% and a lowest MGT value of 1.40 ± 0.007 days. Moreover, the ultimate root length was 56.12 ± 2.89%, in the seeds treated for 60 s. The plasma exposure, however, failed to yield a significant enhancement in electrical conductivity, even when the discharge duration was extended to 180 s or longer. Therefore, the plasma duration of 180 s was selected for the blotter technique. Both fungi showed successful sterilization; their infectivity inhibition was 67 ± 4 and 65 ± 3.1%, respectively. In general, the cold plasma used for soybeans in the present study preserved their healthy qualities and reduced the degree of fungal contamination.

Effect of cold plasma treatment and plasma‐activated water on physicochemical and structural properties of starch: A green and novel approach for environmental sustainability

AbstractStarch is a crucial part of the human dietary regimen. Still, its restricted water solubility, low viscosity, and weak heat stability are unfavorable physicochemical characteristics that restrict its use in food applications. So, in the 21st century, green and novel technologies such as cold plasma technology (CPT) and plasma‐activated water (PAW) have been employed for starch modification to improve the starch's physicochemical, digestibility, functional, structural, and thermal properties. This article provided an in‐depth evaluation of the use of cold plasma intervention in starch systems. Moreover, starch was modified due to cross‐linking, plasma etching, and depolymerization mechanisms mediated by plasma species. We may conclude that CPT and PAW are substitute methods for changing starch characteristics.