Effect Of Coconut Oil Supplementation Research Articles

Supplementation with CO induces lipogenesis in adipose tissue, leptin and insulin resistance in healthy Swiss mice

The consumption of saturated fatty acids (SFA), the main compound in coconut oil (CO), can promote insulin and leptin resistance and are associated with inflammation and obesity. We investigated the effects of CO supplementation on leptin signaling in healthy mice. Swiss male mice received oral supplementation for eight weeks with 300 μL of water for the control group (CV) or CO (100 or 300 μL). Sensitivity to leptin/insulin was evaluated after eight weeks of supplementation. The CO induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and leptin resistance in the hypothalamus, as demonstrated by reduced effect on the energy expenditure, hypothalamic pJAK2 and pSTAT3, and POMC expression. In the adipose tissue, lipogenesis was favored and STAT3 and JAK2 signaling was impaired after CO supplementation. Furthermore, the supplementation with CO reduced pAKT in the hypothalamus, liver and white adipose tissue. These results show that CO induces hypothalamic and peripheral resistance to leptin and insulin in healthy mice.

Coconut oil effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis

Methane emission from ruminants can be mitigated with supplementation of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) such as lauric acid that present in coconut oil. However, the effects of coconut oil supplementation on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane emission have been varied. This study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary coconut oil supplementation on rumen fermentation and methanogenesis by integrating data from various in vitro studies. A linear regression statistical model approach was applied to a total of 14 studies and 38 data points. The response variables integrated were methane emission, fermentation products, nutrient digestibility, and microbial population. The data obtained were analyzed by using IBM SPSS software version 20. The results showed that methane production was decreased significantly (P<0.01) by supplementation of coconut oil. Coconut oil tended to decrease methanogenic archaea, protozoa, total volatile fatty acids and isovalerate proportion (P<0.1). However, the oil supplementation did not significantly affect dry matter digestibility, total gas production, N-ammonia, acetate, isobutyrate, valerate, acetate to propionate ratio, population of rumen bacteria, organic matter digestibility, pH, propionate and butyrate. It can be concluded that coconut oil supplementation is able to mitigate methane emission by modifying microbial population structure and fermentation in the rumen.

Non-invasive assessment of disease progression and neuroprotective effects of dietary coconut oil supplementation in the ALS SOD1G93A mouse model: A 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopic study.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease primarily characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. Due to relatively fast progression of ALS, early diagnosis is essential for possible therapeutic intervention and disease management. To identify potential diagnostic markers, we investigated age-dependent effects of disease onset and progression on regional neurochemistry in the SOD1G93A ALS mouse model using localized in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We focused mainly on the brainstem region since brainstem motor nuclei are the primarily affected regions in SOD1G93A mice and ALS patients. In addition, metabolite profiles of the motor cortex were also assessed. In the brainstem, a gradual decrease in creatine levels were detected starting from the pre-symptomatic age of 70 days postpartum. During the early symptomatic phase (day 90), a significant increase in the levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ- aminobutyric acid (GABA) was measured. At later time points, alterations in the form of decreased NAA, glutamate, glutamine and increased myo-inositol were observed. Also, decreased glutamate, NAA and increased taurine levels were seen at late stages in the motor cortex. A proof-of-concept (PoC) study was conducted to assess the effects of coconut oil supplementation in SODG93A mice. The PoC revealed that the coconut oil supplementation together with the regular diet delayed disease symptoms, enhanced motor performance, and prolonged survival in the SOD1G93A mouse model. Furthermore, MRS data showed stable metabolic profile at day 120 in the coconut oil diet group compared to the group receiving a standard diet without coconut oil supplementation. In addition, a positive correlation between survival and the neuronal marker NAA was found. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports metabolic changes in the brainstem using in vivo MRS and effects of coconut oil supplementation as a prophylactic treatment in SOD1G93A mice.

Short-term effect of coconut oil supplementation on meal pattern in crossbred dairy goats fed under tropical environment

Short-term effect of coconut oil supplementation on meal pattern in crossbred dairy goats fed under tropical environment

The effects of coconut oil supplementation on the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise.

This study aims to verify the effects of coconut oil supplementation (COS) in the body composition and lipid profile of rats submitted to physical exercise. The animals (n=6 per group) were randomly assigned to: G1=Sedentary and Non-supplemented (Control Group), G2=Sedentary and Supplemented, G3=Exercised and Non-supplemented and G4=Exercised and Supplemented. The COS protocol used was 3 mL/Kg of body mass by gavage for 28 days. The physical exercise was the vertical jumping training for 28 days. It was determined the body mass parameters, Lee Index, blood glucose and lipid profile. The COS did not interfere with body mass, but the lean body mass was lower in G3 compared to G2. The final Lee Index classified G1 and G2 as obese (>30g/cm). The lipid profile showed total cholesterol was decreased in G3, LDL-c concentration was decreased in G2, triglycerides, VLDL-c and HDL-c concentrations were increased in G2 and G4 in relation to G1 and G3. The COS decreased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. In conclusion, the COS associated or not to physical exercise worsen others lipid parameters, like triglycerides and VLDL-c level, showing the care with the use of lipid supplements.

Coconut Oil Attenuates the Effects of Amyloid-β on Cortical Neurons in vitro

Dietary supplementation has been studied as an approach to ameliorating deficits associated with aging and neurodegeneration. We undertook this pilot study to investigate the effects of coconut oil supplementation directly on cortical neurons treated with amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in vitro. Our results indicate that neuron survival in cultures co-treated with coconut oil and Aβ is rescued compared to cultures exposed only to Aβ. Coconut oil co-treatment also attenuates Aβ-induced mitochondrial alterations. The results of this pilot study provide a basis for further investigation of the effects of coconut oil, or its constituents, on neuronal survival focusing on mechanisms that may be involved.

Effect of coconut oil supplementation on the carcass composition and muscle physicochemical characteristics in lambs

A study was carried out with 10 male lambs of Bulgarian dairy synthetic population. The animals were divided in two groups-control and experimental as the diet of the latter was supplemented with coconut oil in amount 20g/d per animal for a period of 90 days. After finishing the experiment, complete slaughter analysis was done on the half carcasses of the animals from both groups and pH 24h, colour, water holding capacity, content of myoglobin, fat, protein, moisture and ash in m. Longissimus dorsi and m. Semimembranosus were determined. The coconut oil supplementation led to significant increase of the contents of the subcutaneous (?&lt;0.001) and intermuscular fat (?&lt;0.05) in the half carcass and its individual parts as well, and influenced significantly the colour of the muscles which was darker in the lambs of the experimental group. Specific deposition of fats in dependence on the location in the carcass was observed. The content of subcutaneous fat was lowest in the neck and highest in the loin, whereas that of intermuscular fat was lowest in the leg and highest in the shoulder of the lambs. Significantly higher water holding capacity (?&lt;0.05) in m. Longissimus dorsi and myoglobin content in m. Semimembranosus (P&lt;0.01) were observed, due to the differences in the type of the muscles.

Induction inGallus domesticusof experimental hypercholesterolemia by saturated fat. Effects on cholesterogenic enzyme activity

The effect of coconut oil supplementation to the diet (10 or 20%) on lipid levels in plasma and liver as well as on the cholesterogenic enzyme activity were studied in 14-day-old chicks. Treatments for 1 or 2 weeks did not interfere in the growth rate of animals nor in the liver weight. The 10% coconut oil group showed a significant increase of plasma cholesterol after 2 weeks of treatment, while after 1 week the increase was not statistically significant. The 20% coconut oil group increased plasma cholesterol from the first week. Triacylglycerol content increased after each coconut oil supplementation to the diet during the first week. Hepatic cholesterol did not change significantly after any treatment assayed. No significant difference was observed in the cholesterogenic activity, measured as hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, so that this study provides a perfect model of hypercholesterolemic animals without changes in their cholesterogenic ability.