Effect Of Chorionic Villus Sampling Research Articles

Effect of chorionic villus sampling on placental volume and vascularization in the first trimester of pregnancy

Objective: To evaluate the effects of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) on placental volume (PV), perfusion, and vasculature in the first trimester of pregnancy.Method: Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), PV, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and Vascularization Flow Index (VFI) were serially measured in 38 pregnant women who underwent CVS. Thirty-eight women who did not undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis were recruited as controls.Results: CVS was associated with a mild reduction of PI, a reduction of placental VI, FI, and VFI and with an increase in PV detected one week after the procedure. The outcome of pregnancy was similar between women of the two groups.Conclusion: Our findings showed that CVS is associated with mild placental vascular and morphological changes. However, these changes do not seem to be associated with adverse outcome.

Effect of chorionic villus sampling on the occurrence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

To perform a meta-analysis for an assessment of the risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension following chorionic villus sampling (CVS). PubMed was systematically searched from its inception through January 2016. Nine reports were identified. A pre-specified scale was used to assess their quality. We performed pooling into three subgroups with respect to the control group: A) Patients with no invasive prenatal diagnostic procedure served as a control group for comparison. The odds ratios for gestational hypertension (0.76, 95% CI 0.46-1.26), preeclampsia (0.83, 95% CI 0.42-1.67), and severe preeclampsia (0.49, 95% CI 0.04-5.78) or when hypertension categories were pooled (0.80, 95% CI 0.46-1.41) were not significantly different. B) Patients with midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis and patients with no invasive prenatal diagnostic procedure were combined as a control group for comparison. The odds ratios for preeclampsia (1, 95% CI 0.46-2.18), severe preeclampsia (0.83, 95% CI 0.14-4.85), and pooled hypertension categories (1.07, 95% CI 0.63-1.84) were not significantly different. C) Patients with midtrimester diagnostic amniocentesis served as a control group. There was a significant difference in the odds ratio for preeclampsia between the CVS and amniocentesis groups (2.47, 95% CI 1.14-5.33). There was a marginal difference in the odds ratio for combined pregnancy-induced hypertension categories between the CVS and amniocentesis groups (1.61, 95% CI 1.02-2.53). The available data do not indicate an increased risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension following first trimester CVS. The heterogeneity and retrospective design of existing studies are limiting factors for our analysis and findings.

The effect of chorionic villus sampling on the fraction of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma

Objective: This study aims to assess whether the fraction of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is different at 24 h or 7 days after chorionic villus sampling (CVS), compared to subjects that do not undergo CVS.Methods: Pregnant women undergoing CVS for genetic testing and matched subjects undergoing first trimester combined screening alone were enrolled between 110/7 and 136/7 weeks gestation. The fractions of cffDNA were compared before the procedure, 24 h after and 7 days after between CVS patients and ultrasound-only patients.Results: Forty-five women underwent CVS and 45 had ultrasound alone. The women undergoing CVS were, on average, older (36.8 years versus 28.5 years, p=0.001) and had a higher baseline fraction of cffDNA than women in the comparison group (11.4% versus 9.8%, p=0.033). Both groups had a decrease in the mean fraction of cffDNA after 24 h. After 7 days, the trend of the mean fraction of cffDNA continued to decline in the CVS group but began to trend toward an increase in the ultrasound only group.Conclusions: CVS does not significantly increase the fraction of cell free fetal (placental) DNA in the maternal plasma. A downward trend in cffDNA in maternal plasma is seen at 24 h and 7 days following CVS compared to baseline.

Effect of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Uterine Artery Doppler

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the potential effect of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) on placental perfusion by examining the change in uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) between the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective screening study for pregnancy complications which included measurement of uterine artery PI at 11⁺⁰ to 13⁺⁶ weeks and at 20⁺⁰ to 24⁺⁶ weeks of gestation. In women at increased risk for fetal aneuploidies, CVS was performed. Uterine artery PI in the first and second trimesters, and the change in PI between the two examinations were compared between the CVS and non-CVS groups. Results: The study population included 8,822 singleton pregnancies, in 308 of which CVS was performed. In the CVS group, compared to the non-CVS group, the median uterine artery PI before CVS, corrected for gestational age, was higher in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, but the change in PI between the two examinations was not significantly different (p = 0.789). Conclusion: The performance of CVS in the first trimester is unlikely to interfere with normal placentation.

Effects of chorionic villus sampling on placental hemodynamic assessed by three‐dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography

Effects of chorionic villus sampling on placental hemodynamic assessed by three‐dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography

Chorionic villus sampling significantly affects fetal cardiovascular function

Objective. To assess the effects of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) on fetal heart rate (FHR).Methods. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among 300 patients undergoing transabdominal CVS between 8 and 13 weeks of gestation. Duration of the procedure, number of needle passes, sample weight, maternal age, fetal gender, and FHR response to CVS were recorded.Results. The FHR before but not after CVS was inversely correlated with gestational age (r = −0.406, p < 0.001). Conversely, following CVS, no correlation was observed between FHR and gestational age (r = −0.06, p = 0.27). The difference between FHR after CVS and that obtained before CVS (delta FHR) increased with increasing gestational age at sampling (r = 0.372, p < 0.0001), decreased with increasing specimen weight (r = −0.16, p = 0.01) and increased with increasing maternal age (r = 0.22, p < 0.0001). Duration of the procedure, fetal gender and number of needle passes did not affect delta FHR. Multiple logistic regression indicated that gestational age at CVS and maternal age but not the other variables significantly affected delta FHR and together they accounted for over 22% of the variance (R2 = 0.224, p < 0.0001).Conclusions. In summary, our results suggest that acute fetal hemodynamic changes accompany CVS and that these changes vary with gestational age.

The Effect of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Fetal Heart Rate

Objective: Fetal heart rate (FHR) variation during chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a controversial topic. Limited studies have been published on this subject. Our study intended to evaluate the effects of CVS on the FHR. Method: One hundred and sixty-five patients undergoing first-trimester elective CVS for prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia were entered into a prospective study. M-mode FHR was obtained before and immediately after CVS in the patients. Potentially confounding variables also recorded included: gestational age, number of needle passes and placental location. Results: FHR values before and after CVS were compared using the paired t test and showed no statistically significant differences by 95% confidence. No differences were found in data analyzing gestational age, number of needle passes or placental location. Conclusion: We were unable to detect any significant change in FHR after performing CVS. It seems that FHR is generally not altered by CVS.

Adverse effects of chorionic villus sampling: a meta‐analysis

Adverse effects of chorionic villus sampling: a meta‐analysis

The effect of chorionic villus sampling on the number of fetal cells isolated from maternal blood and on maternal serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels

The effect of chorionic villus sampling on the number of fetal cells isolated from maternal blood and on maternal serum alpha‐fetoprotein levels

The effect of chorionic villus sampling on the number of fetal cells isolated from maternal blood and on maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels

Fetal cells are present in the circulation of pregnant women and can be isolated using density gradient centrifugation and magnetic cell sorting. In the present study, maternal cell preparations were depleted for CD45- and CD14-positive cells and enriched for CD71-positive cells. The number of fetal nucleated cells was determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization for X and Y chromosomes. Analysis of maternal blood samples taken before and after transabdominal chorionic villus sampling (TA-CVS) showed an increase in the number of fetal cells in 10 out of 19 male pregnancies after the invasive procedure. This cellular transfusion was found to correlate with elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels. TA-CVS-induced cellular transfusion may form a good in vivo system to optimize fetal cell isolation procedures and to study fetal cell dynamics and characteristics.

Acute hemodynamic effects induced by chorionic villus sampling: A preliminary investigation

Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of chorionic villus sampling on the fetal heart rate, the fetal umbilical artery pulsatility index, and the maternal arcuate artery resistance index. M-mode fetal heart rate, pulsed Doppler fetal umbilical artery pulsatility index, and maternal arcuate artery resistance index measurements were obtained before and immediately after chorionic villus sampling in 50 patients and were compared with 50 procedure-free, gestational age--matched controls. Comparisons within groups were performed with paired T tests and mean changes between groups with two-sample T tests, and variance comparisons between groups were performed with F tests. The mean changes (SD) in fetal heart rate, umbilical artery pulsatility index, and arcuate artery resistance index in patients undergoing chorionic villus sampling and in controls were not statistically different from zero or from each other. However, the variance around the mean fetal heart rate change was 17.1 times larger in the chorionic villus sampling group than the control group (F 17.1, degrees of freedom 49,49, p < 0.0001), and the variance around the mean pulsatility index change was 2.7 times larger in the chorionic villus sampling group than in the control group (F 2.7, degrees of freedom 49,49, p = 0.0007). There was no significant difference in mean resistance index change or variance around the mean resistance index change between groups. Chorionic villus sampling induces significant but unpredictable fluctuations in fetal heart rate and umbilical artery pulsatility index but does not affect maternal arcuate artery resistance index.

367 Immediate Effects of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Fetal Heart Rate

367 Immediate Effects of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Fetal Heart Rate

Effect of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Utilization of Prenatal Diagnosis in Women of Advanced Maternal Age

Effect of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Utilization of Prenatal Diagnosis in Women of Advanced Maternal Age

Effect of chorionic villus sampling on utilization of prenatal diagnosis in women of advanced maternal age.

The effect of the introduction of chorionic villus sampling on the utilization rate of prenatal diagnosis in advanced maternal age was studied during the period 1 January 1985-1 January 1991. On the first of January 1985, the age limit for prenatal diagnosis in The Netherlands was lowered from 38 to 36 years of age. The overall uptake rate during the studied period increased significantly, but only because of the increased uptake rate in the group 36 and 37 years. In the maternal age group of 42 years and older, an uptake rate as low as 15.9% was established. This was mainly determined by the relatively high percentage (73.0%) of women from ethnic minorities in this age group. The number of CVS procedures increased significantly during the study period, but the utilization rate was not influenced, since the number of amniocenteses decreased accordingly. An increase in acceptability of prenatal diagnosis by women of advanced maternal age due to early testing and early termination of pregnancy could not be substantiated in the present study.

The Immediate Effects of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Fetal Movements

The Immediate Effects of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Fetal Movements

The immediate effects of chorionic villus sampling on fetal movements

The immediate effects of chorionic villus sampling on the fetus was studied by real-time ultrasound observation of fetal movements. Thirty-minute recordings, directly before and after chorionic villus sampling, were made in 10 women. No changes were observed in the incidence or distribution of the four movement patterns studied. This held true even in the two cases that ended in a spontaneous abortion. It is concluded that chorionic villus sampling does not stimulate movements or alter the intrauterine situation in such a way that fetal movements decrease.

Effect of chorionic villus sampling and early pregnancy counselling on uptake of prenatal diagnosis.

An early pregnancy counselling clinic was introduced to improve the uptake of prenatal diagnosis and to offer chorionic villus sampling to women aged 38 and over by their expected date of delivery. Ninety eight (62%) unselected older mothers were seen before 11 weeks' gestation, and 23 (32%) of those with viable pregnancies elected to undergo chorionic villus sampling compared with 38 (52%) electing amniocentesis. A quarter of the patients booking before 11 weeks had a miscarriage. Because of the future potential demand for chorionic villus sampling counselling during pregnancy and referral of eligible patients should occur as early as possible.

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Chorionic villus sampling in the first trimester of pregnancy has the potential to become a major tool in the prenatal diagnosis and therapy of genetic disorders. Villus samples can be used for cytogenetic and biochemical studies as well as DNA analysis. However, little is known about the effects of chorionic villus sampling on a continuing pregnancy, or the long-term effects on the subsequently delivered infants. Despite these limitations, chorionic villus sampling appears to be a major breakthrough in prenatal diagnosis.

Effect of Chorionic Villus Sampling on Serum Alpha Fetoprotein Levels

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a recent advance in prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester. maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) screening for neural tube defects is done from 14-17 weeks gestation. Previous studies have shown an elevation of AFP levels following amniocentesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of CVS on AFP levels immediately following this procedure. CVS was performed under sonographic guidance on 22 patients between 6 and 12 weeks gestation undergoing elective termination of pregnancy. A Portex catheter was used for obtaining villi. Maternal serum AFP levels were ascertained before and after CVS by radioimmunoassay. In the group of patients 8 weeks or less, no change in AFP levels was seen; in patients greater than 8 weeks gestation, a significant rise in post-biopsy AFP level was noted in 7 of 14 patients. Further studies are planned to clarify the effect of CVS on AFP levels in patients with ongoing pregnancies. Clarification of this issue is important to the role of CVS in prenatal screening.