Effect Of Reaction Research Articles

Chemical Reaction and Thermal Radiation Effects on MHD Casson and Maxwell Nanofluid Flow over a Porous Stretching Surface

The focus of this article is on two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Casson and Maxwell nanofluid flows on a porous stretched surface, considering the effects of chemical reactions and thermal radiation. For this problem, convective boundary conditions are assumed. By using similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations of the issue were converted into ordinary differential equations with the help of the similarity transformation, which were then theoretically solved using the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method and the shooting approach. Plots are used to show how relevant characteristics, such as heat radiation, porosity, and magnetic parameter, have an impact. It is seen that the velocity profiles decrease as the magnetic field increases. Furthermore, the local Sherwood number and the local Nusselt number decrease as the velocity slip parameter rises. The results of this study were compared with the previously published works under some restrictions, and they are found in excellent agreement.

Numerical computation of tangent hyperbolic magnetohydrodynamic Darcy–Forchheimer Williamson hybrid nanofluid flow configuring variable thermal conductivity

The current investigation delves into the tangent hyperbolic Williamson hybrid nanofluid flow featuring varying thermal conductivity through the Darcy–Forchheimer medium across an exponentially stretching cylinder. Incorporating the activation energy and chemical reaction effects into consideration also strengthens the mathematical model's vitality. The considered hybrid nanofluid comprises silver and molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles submerged in the water. The highly non-linear system of equations is solved utilizing the MATLAB bvp4c approach. The influences of the leading variables versus involved fields are demonstrated through graphical delineations and tables. The core findings demonstrated that a strong Weissenberg number and Darcy-Forchheimer factor decay the velocity curve and strengthen the thermal curve. Also, the fluid concentration is enhanced for escalating activation energy and tangent hyperbolic factor. Additionally, the hybrid nanofluid betokens substantially enhance the thermal transportation rate of up to 8.8 % in contrast to nanofluid. Also, in contrast to the nanofluid and Williamson hybrid nanofluid, the hybrid nanofluid exhibits notably higher mass and thermal transport rate. This study is a noteworthy advancement in the disciplines of fluid dynamics and nanofluid research, as it provides promising potential for optimizing the transfer of mass and heat in a wide range of engineering and industrial contexts. The findings exhibit good agreement when contrasted with previously published work.

Chemical Reaction and Cross Diffusion Effects on Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Viscoelastic Oil-Based Nanofluid Over a Porous Nonlinear Stretching Surface

The impact of chemical reaction and cross diffusion on heat and mass transport characteristics of viscoelastic flow of Al2O3 and CuO oil-based nanofluids past a porous nonlinear stretching surface has been examined. Similarity transformation was used to transform the governing partial differential equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically by employing the fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm with a shooting method. Results for the entrenched parameters controlling the flow dynamics have been tabulated and illustrated graphically. The results foundCuO-oil based nanofluid to exhibit higher mass transfer rate and lower heat transfer rate and skin friction coefficient than Al2O3-oil based nanofluid under the same viscoelastic condition. This indicates that CuO-oil based nanofluid can be used as the working fluid in mechanical dampers.

MHD Mass Transfer Flow in Presence of Chemical Reaction, Thermal Radiation, and Thermal Diffusion Effect

ABSTRACTThe present work is interested in investigating the impacts of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation, heat sink, and thermal diffusion on a steady two‐dimensional MHD convection‐free heat and mass transfer flow past a semi‐infinite upright porous plate. The dimensionless domain equations are solved analytically using the perturbation technique for two distinct scenarios: (a) small suction and (b) large suction. The effects of various crucial parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, as well as on the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are graphically illustrated, and the subsequent discussion is rooted on the derived outcomes. Graphical representations were created utilizing MATLAB software. The results suggest that an increase in the Soret effect elevates both the momentum and concentration boundary layers while reducing the mass transfer rate, regardless of the suction intensity. Our research also identified a captivating result where fluid velocity escalates with higher magnetic values in the scenario of large suction, while it demonstrates contrasting behavior under small suction condition. The present investigation holds significant relevance across various industrial sectors, including uranium enrichment, petrology, petroleum reservoirs, polymer fractionation, among others.

Effects of rotation and chemical reactions on an electroconvection in Maxwell dielectric nanofluids within anisotropic porous media

ABSTRACT This study explores the complex interactions between rotation, chemical reactions, and electroconvection in Maxwell dielectric nanofluids within anisotropic porous media. The research aims to elucidate how these factors influence the heat transfer efficiency and fluid dynamics under the influence of external alternating current (AC) electric fields. The normal mode method is employed to analyse the stability of the system, allowing for the examination of oscillatory modes and their growth rates. By introducing perturbations in the physical parameters, the study derives a set of ordinary linear differential equations that characterize the system's response to external influences. The coupled differential equations were solved using the Galerkin approach for first approximation while meeting the necessary boundary conditions. Analytical solution of the representative equation for stress-free boundary states yields Rayleigh number formulas for nonoscillatory and oscillatory mode occur. Oscillatory modes are seen for both bottom and top-heavy nanoparticle distributions. The electric Rayleigh number, thermal Prandtl number, and stress relaxation parameter increases, whereas the Brinkman-Darcy number delays the onset of stationary and oscillatory convection. The study finds that positive concentration Rayleigh numbers stabilize the system, while negative ones lead to instability. Additionally, it demonstrates that external alternating current electric fields influence convection behavior and provides formulas for critical Rayleigh numbers, enhancing our understanding of fluid interactions in various engineering and technological applications.

The Mesoscopic Damage Mechanism of Jointed Sandstone Subjected to the Action of Dry–Wet Alternating Cycles

The effect of the dry–wet cycle, characterized by periodic water level changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir, will severely degrade the bearing performance of rock formations. In order to explore the effect of the dry–wet cycle on the mesoscopic damage mechanism of jointed sandstone, a list of meso-experiments was carried out on sandstone subjected to dry–wet cycles. The pore structure, throat features and mesoscopic damage evolution of jointed sandstone with the action of the dry–wet cycle were analyzed using a-low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. Subsequently, the impact on the mineral content of dry–wet cycles was studied by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Based on this, the mesoscopic damage mechanism of sandstone subjected to dry–wet cycles was revealed. The results show that the effects of the drying–wetting cycle can promote the development of porous channels within sandstone, resulting in cumulative damage. Besides, with an increase in dry–wet cycles, the proportion of small pores and pore throats decreased, while the proportion of medium and large pores and pore throats increased. The combined effects of extrusion crush, tensile fracture, chemical reaction and dissolution of minerals inside the jointed sandstone contributed to the development of mesoscopic pores, resulting in the increase of porosity and permeability of rock samples under the dry–wet cycles. The results provide an important reference value for the stability evaluation of rock mass engineering under long-term dry–wet alternation.

A comprehensive analysis on thermally enhanced electro-magneto-hydrodynamic micropolar flow mixture comprising water (70 %) and ethylene-glycol (30 %) with alumina nanoparticles over a riga plate

In this research paper, a two-dimensional flow of an electro-magneto-hydrodynamic water-ethylene glycol-based nanofluid over a Riga plate has been presented. The nanofluid mixture has micropolar and electrical behaviors. Furthermore, the effects of chemical reaction and activation energy are imposed in the present investigation. It is important to mention that the nanofluid mixture is composed of alumina nanoparticles (Al2O3) and base fluid as water-ethylene glycol (70:30). It is important to mention that the significance of this study lies in engineering cooling systems, drug delivery, and microfluidic devices. The main equations of problem have converted to dimension-free form using similarity variables. The transformed ODEs are then converted into first-order differential equations and solved numerically by executing the shooting method. The validation on the modeled equations is confirmed by validating the present analysis with the results available literature. From this analysis, it is obtained that the greater micropolar parameter and modified Hartmann number enhanced the streamwise velocity profile while reducing micro-rotational velocity. The greater micro-gyration constraint reduced streamwise velocity profile while enhancing micro-rotational velocity. The greater thermophoresis factor and thermal Biot number enhanced both thermal and concentration profiles. The greater activation energy factor enhanced the concentration distribution, and the greater Brownian motion factor and Schmit number reduced the concentration distribution. The higher thermophoresis factor reduced the heat transfer rate, and the higher heat source factor and thermal Biot number enhanced heat transfer rate.

Impacts of Buoyancy and Joule Heating on Unsteady MHD Fluid Flow Along a Semi‐Infinite Vertical Porous Plate With Dufour, Chemical Reaction, and Radiation Effect

ABSTRACTAn analytical solution for unsteady, incompressible, laminar MHD fluid flow involving mass and heat transfer along a semi‐infinite vertical moving flat plate in a porous medium have been studied in this paper. Effects of heat radiation and absorption, Joule heating, Dufour, thermal and solutal buoyancy, and first order chemical reaction of are discussed under suitable physical conditions. It is postulated that the plate will migrate in the fluid's motion's direction due to the presence of a uniform magnetic field normal to the porous surface. The regular perturbation technique is used to solve the dimensionless governing equations. The mathematical derivations for fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration are evaluated; apart from that, skin friction, rate of mass and heat transfer at the plate are also expressed. The present outcomes are compared with previously obtained results and are found to be in excellent agreement. It is observed that the fluid velocity and temperature enhanced with thermal and solutal buoyancy forces as well as the Dufour effect. Also, with an increase in chemical reaction parameter, there is a decrease in fluid velocity, temperature, and concentration. Skin friction and Nusselt number increase with higher heat absorption parameter values. Schmidt number and chemical reaction parameter both lead to a rise in Sherwood number. Applications for these models have been observed in a number of industrial and technical methods.

Effects of exponentially stretching sheet for MHD Williamson nanofluid with chemical reaction and thermal radiative

This paper explores the combined effects of heat radiation, viscous dissipation, and chemical reactions on the steady flow of Williamson nanofluid over an exponentially stretched sheet. The Governing non-linear Partial Differential Equations (PDE's), converted to couple nonlinear Ordinary ODE's by using similarity transformation, which are solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method along with the shooting technique. The study shows detailed analysis of the behaviour of Williamson nanofluid under the influence of thermal radiation and magnetic fields, having relevant industrial applications in cooling technologies and polymer processing. The results show that increasing the magnetic field parameter reduces the fluid velocity, while higher thermal radiation and Brownian motion parameters significantly enhance heat transfer rate withing the boundary region.

Steady and periodical heat-mass transfer behavior of mixed convection nanofluid with reduced gravity, radiation and activation energy effects

Significance of this study is to explore Arrhenius activation energy, microgravity, chemical reaction and porous medium effects on Darcy nanofluid over a stretching sheet with nonlinear thermal radiations. Purpose of this study is to enhance the lubrication efficiency, excessive heat reduction, surface roughness and tool wear in drilling, milling, grinding and cutting tools of machining procedures. Use of Brownian and thermophoretic nanoparticles in base liquid is very effective to reduce friction in tool-chip and tool-work interfaces, tool life ability and cooling ability through nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication in machining operations. A refined mathematical model is solved using dimensionless variables; oscillatory stokes conditions and primitive variables. The implicit form of finite difference method is applied for numerical results using Gaussian elimination approach. The numerical and physical outputs are secured using Gaussian elimination methodology in FORTRAN tool and TecPlot-360. Graphs are displayed by using numerical data in Tecplot-360 program. Impact of activation energy (AE), solar radiation (Rd), microgravity (RG), porosity (Ω), thermophoresis (NT), chemical reaction (Kr), Prandtl (Pr) and Schmidt factor (Sc) on oscillating frequency of heat and mass transport is depicted. Amplitude in fluid velocity, surface temperature and volume of concentration is enhanced as radiation, microgravity and activation energy increases. It is noted that the increasing amplitude in fluid velocity, temperature and fluid concentration is found with activation energy, radiation and buoyancy force effects. Steady behavior of skin friction and mass transport decreases as Darcy porous medium and reaction rate decreases. Frequency of oscillating skin friction and oscillating heat transfer increases as Schmidt and Prandtl coefficient increases. Fluctuations and amplitude in the frequency of heat and mass transport enhances as thermophoretic nanoparticle enhances.

Study of MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow Over an Inclined Stretching Sheet in Porous Media with Thermal Slip, Chemical Reaction and Radiation Effects

In the current study, the behaviour of Casson nanofluid subjected to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow across an inclined stretched sheet within a porous medium has been investigated numerically. The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations with the corresponding boundary conditions by employing similarity transformations. The solutions of essential equations are achieved by using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta method combined with the shooting technique. The novelty and innovative contribution are showcased through illustrative graphs that scrutinize the effect of factors that impact the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles within assorted flow scenarios. The primary focal points of the study encompass examining variations in magnetic field strength, angle of inclination, and suction intensity that affect the fluid's velocity moderation, while improved porosity and radiation parameters lead to a rise in fluid temperature. Higher Biot numbers correlate with an increase in fluid temperature. The implications of positive coefficients of heat transfer are crucial across various fields to ensure efficient thermal management ensuring optimal performance and longevity. The numerical data presented is aligned with earlier published results for comparison. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers driven by different parameters are displayed in tables to highlight significant modifications.

An Analytical Analysis of Mixed Convective MHD Casson Flow with Ramped Wall Temperature

This research discusses the behavior of magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid subjected to a ramped wall temperature along an infinitely inclined plate. Non-Newtonian fluid, specifically the Casson fluid, is employed to characterize fluid behavior in this research. The effects of porous media, chemical reactions, and radiation are considered. In practical applications, non-Newtonian fluids find use in lubrication such as grease, engine oil, etc. The Laplace transform technique has been applied during this study where ordinary differential equations are converted from the governing partial differential equations with suitable boundary conditions. These transformed dimensionless equations are subsequently solved numerically with Mathematica, and we have achieved the exact solutions of momentum, followed by energy and finally concentration. In the results section, we have analyzed the behavior of flow features under varying conditions of key parameters, including the governing parameters, the unsteadiness parameter, and the Casson parameter. All the results are shown and analyzed in graphs.

Irreversibility analysis of radiative TiO2+Al2O3+Cu/H2O ternary nanofluid flow over a bidirectional stretching sheet with cattaneo-christov heat flux: nanotechnology applications

Ternary nanofluids demonstrate better heat transfer characteristics in contrast to conventional liquids and typical hybrid nanofluids. These are applied in sophisticated cooling systems for electronics, heat exchangers, and automotive engines, along with renewable energy systems such as solar collectors, where efficient heat transfer plays a crucial role. The aim of this research is to investigate the movement of a Casson ternary nanofluid passing through a bidirectional exponential sheet by employing the innovative Cattaneo-Christov heat flux concept. The utilization of the energy equation considers thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and heat source/sink effects, with the integration of chemical reaction effects into the concentration equation. An analysis of entropy generation is utilized to evaluate the thermodynamic irreversibility within the system. The conversion of transport equations involves a transformation from partial to ordinary differential equations, followed by a numerical solution utilizing the BVP4C solver embedded in the MATLAB package R2022b. The impacts of developed factors on thermal, concentration, and velocity behavior, as well as engineering quantities, are thoroughly explored graphically. The outcome reveals that the velocity gradients diminish as magnetic fields intensify, while it amplified by the Hall factor. The rise in temperature of ternary nanofluid correlates with elevated levels of radiation, and Brownian motion. Concentration intensifies with the rapid development of thermophoresis influences. Heightened values of the Reynolds and Brinkman numbers give rise to amplified entropy production but a decrease in the Bejan number. The ternary nanofluid displays a remarkable 8.92% increase in skin friction on the x-axis and y-axis, influenced by the potent Darcy-Forchheimer factor. The rates of mass and heat transfer in nanofluids undergo a decrease of 8.58% and 12.52%, respectively, due to the heightened influence of Brownian motion and Eckert number. The results could provide valuable insights into the performance of ternary nanofluids in various industrial environments under specific conditions.

Numerical Simulation of MHD Oldroyd-B Fluid with Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reactions Using Chebyshev Wavelets

The study has been carried out to analyze the Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow, heat and mass transfer of the two-dimensional viscoelastic Oldroyd-B fluid over a vertical stretching sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction with suction/injection in a steady state. The governing equations of the system are partial differential equations, which then give rise to a set of highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The nonlinearity in the differential equations is dealt with quasilinearization technique. The resultant equations are numerically solved using Chebyshev wavelet collocation method. The effects of magnetic field, radiation, chemical reaction and buoyancy parameters are investigated. The numerical values of local skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are also tabulated and analyzed. We observe that the increase in buoyancy parameters enhances the velocity profiles and larger values of magnetic field decrease the velocity profiles but increases the temperature and concentration profiles. Error analysis has been done to check the convergence of the numerical scheme.

Extreme electromagnetic rotation, chemical reaction, Hall and ion slip effects on weakly ionized fluid in a Riga channel

The utilization of external magnetic or electric fields, particularly through a Riga setup, markedly enhances flow dynamics by mitigating frictional forces and turbulent fluctuations, thereby facilitating superior flow management. Such improvements are especially beneficial in optimizing the operational efficiency of machinery and turbines. Our research focuses on the behaviour of a weakly ionized fluid within a porous, infinitely extended Riga channel (or electromagnetic channel) set in a rotational frame work affected by Hall and ion-slip electric fields. This model integrates the cumulative repulsions of an abruptly apply pressure gradients, electro-magnetic force, electromagnetic radiation, as well as chemical reactions. The physical configuration of the model features a stationary RHS wall as well as the LHS wall subjected to transversal vibration, establishing a complex flow environment. This circumstance is analytically modeled utilizing time dependent PDE, with the Laplace transform method applied to achieve a closed-format resolution for the course controlling equations. Through detailed graphical and tabular data, the investigations explored the impacts of assorted pivotal parameters on the model's flow traits and quantities. Our results indicate that an upswing in the modified Hartmann number significantly enhances fluids flow in the conduit, with the most important resultant flow showing marked improvement as Hall and ion-slip parameters amplify, and secondly the resultant flow diminishing chemical reaction parameter. Additionally, species concentration lowers with higher Schmidt numbers and chemical reaction rates, while an expanded modified Hartmann number correlate with enhanced shear stress near the conduit wall. Moreover, an elevation in the radiating parameter reduces the rate of temperature transport at the vibrating wall, whereas this at the stationary wall improves. This study has profound implications across several fields, notably in fusion energy research, spacecraft propulsion systems, satellite operations, aerospace engineering, and advanced manufacturing technologies.

Electroosmotic peristaltic transport of magnetohydrodynamic Casson nanofluid in a non-uniform wavy porous asymmetric micro-channel

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) have numerous engineering and biomedical applications such as sensors, MHD pumps, magnetic medications, MRI, cancer therapy, astronomy, cosmology, earthquakes, and cardiovascular devices. In view of these applications and current developments, we investigate the magnetohydrodynamic MHD electro-osmotic flow of Casson nanofluid during peristaltic movement in a non-uniform porous asymmetric channel. The effect of thermal radiation, heat source, and Hall current on the Casson fluid peristaltic pumping in a porous medium is taken into consideration. The effect of chemical reactions is also considered. The mass, momentum, energy, and concentration equations were constructed using the proper transformations and dimensionless variables to make them easier for non-Newtonian fluids. A lubricating strategy is used to make the system less complicated. The Boltzmann distribution of electric potential over an electric double layer is studied using the Debye–Huckel approximation. The temperature and concentration equations are addressed using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM), while the exact solution is determined for the velocity field. The study examines the performance of velocity, pressure rise, temperature, concentration, streamlines, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers for the involved parameters using graphical illustrations and tables. Asymmetric channels exhibit varying behavior, with velocity declining near the left wall and accelerating towards the right wall while enhancing the Casson fluid parameter. The pumping rate boosts in the retrograde region due to the evolution of the permeability parameter value, while it declines in the augment region. The temperature profile optimizes as the value of the heat source parameter gets higher. The concentration profile significantly falls as the chemical reaction parameter rises. The size of the trapped bolus strengthens with a spike in the parameter for the Casson fluid.

A Bibliometric Analysis and Review on Applications of Industrial By-Products in Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Construction

The growing consumption of natural resources to meet the needs of road construction has become a significant challenge to environmental sustainability. Additionally, the increase in industrial by-products has raised global concerns due to their environmental impacts. The utilization of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures offers an effective solution for promoting sustainable practices. The objective of this article is to conduct a bibliometric analysis and citation-based review to characterize and analyze the scientific literature on the use of steel slag aggregates, copper slag, phosphorus slag, bottom ash, fly ash, red mud, silica fume, and foundry sand in asphalt mixtures. Another aim is to identify research gaps and propose recommendations for future studies. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software version 1.6.18, focusing on authors, co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, and countries. A total of 909 articles were selected for the bibliometric analysis. The findings indicate that more effort is needed to expand the application of industrial by-products in asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, these by-products should be utilized in different types of asphalt mixtures. The incorporation of industrial by-products into asphalt mixes also requires field validation and further laboratory investigations, particularly concerning aging and moisture resistance. In addition, the effects of chemical reactions involving industrial by-products on the long-term performance of asphalt layers should be evaluated. Finally, this article encourages engineers and researchers to intensify their efforts in utilizing industrial by-products for environmental sustainability.

Significance of magnetic field and Darcy–Forchheimer law on dynamics of non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid flow over a spinning disc with Arrhenius activation energy and shape factor

Purpose The purpose of the study is to explore the three-dimensional heat and mass transport dynamics of the magneto-hydrodynamic non-Newtonian (Casson fluid) hybrid nanofluid flow comprised of − as nanoparticles suspended in base liquid water as it passes through a flexible spinning disc. The influence of a magnetic field, rotation parameter, porosity, Darcy−Forchheimer, Arrhenius’s activation energy, chemical reaction, Schmidt number and nanoparticle shape effects are substantial physical features of the investigation. Furthermore, the influence of hybrid nanofluid on Brownian motion and thermophoresis features has been represented using the Buongiorno model. The novelty of the work is intended to contribute to a better understanding of Casson non-Newtonian fluid boundary layer flow. Design/methodology/approach The governing mathematical equations that explain the flow and heat and mass transport phenomena for fluid domains include the Navier−Stokes equation, the thermal energy equation and the solutal concentration equations. The governing equations are expressed as partial differential equations, which are then converted into a suitable set of non-linear ordinary differential equations by using the necessary similarity variables. The ordinary differential equations are computed by combining the shooting operation with the three-stage Lobatto BVP4c technique. Findings Graphs and tables are used in the process of analysing the characteristics of velocity distributions, temperature profiles and solutal curves at varying values of the parameters, along with friction drag, heat transfer rate and Sherwood number. It has been revealed that the radial and axial velocities decrease when the Casson parameter value increases and that the rate of heat transmission is higher in hybrid nanofluids with nanoparticles in the shape of a blade. The increase in Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters causes a rise in the temperature profile. Also, an increase in the activation energy parameter improves the solutal curve. The use of nanoparticles was shown to improve extrusion properties, the rotary heat process and biofuel generation. Originality/value All results are presented graphically and all physical quantities are computed and tabulated. The current results are compared to previous investigations and found to agree significantly with them.

A thermal performance study on magnetic dipole based viscoplastic nanomaterial deploying distinct rheological aspects

Magnetic nanoliquids stand inimitable when compared with conventional liquids as their distinctive magnetic attributes can be regulated utilizing magnetic fields. For this reason, heat transference can be stimulated or regulated subjected to externally imposed magnetic fields. Magnetic nanoliquids are useful in comparison to orthodox or non-magnetic nanoliquids. These encompasses, energy conversion, electronics, hydraulics, thermal engineering and bioengineering. This study elaborates the magnetic dipole impact on convectively heated rheological nanomaterial confined by stretchy surface. Mathematical modeling is based on thermally radiative viscoplastic (Casson) model. Porous medium features are scrutinized through Darcian Forchheimer (DF) relation. Two-component Buongiorno nanomaterial model which captures Brownian diffusive together with thermophoretic diffusion is under consideration. Energy and solutal transportation expressions capture thermal source and chemical reaction effects. The dimensionalized nanomaterial flow model for stretching flow is obtained by deploying similarity variables. Numerical solutions are computed through Bvp4c scheme. The physical outcomes are elucidated graphically and arithmetically on dimensionless quantities (i.e., Nusselt number, temperature, skin-friction, velocity, Sherwood number and concentration streams). A benchmark is reported to authenticate the acquired numeric solutions. It is further visualized that nanomaterial temperature escalates subject to higher estimations of thermal Biot number, Curie temperature factor, radiation factor, thermophoresis parameter, heat source, ferrohydrodynamic interaction factor and Brownian diffusive parameter while it diminishes with Prandtl number and dissipation factor.

Effects of Chemical Reaction and Jeffery Fluid on MHD Unsteady Heat and Mass Transfer Due to the Ramped Temperature

This research work was numerically prepared to investigate the impact of Jeffery fluid and chemical reaction on unsteady (MHD) heat mass transfer free-convective past an infinite vertical plate. The research used appropriate dimensional quantities in transforming the dimensional, coupled, non-linear boundary layer partial differential equations into non-dimensional form. Finite element method (FEM) was employed to find the Numerical solution of the dimensionless governing differential equations. The expressions of velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number as well as Sherwood number were obtained and discussed using line graph. From the result obtained, it was shown that velocity profile gets enlarged with the increase of porosity parameter K, ratio of mass transfer parameter N, Eckert number Ec and Jeffery fluid parameter β, while reverse is the case for the Magnetic parameter M, and Prandtl number Pr. Temperature profile magnifies with the increase porosity parameter K, ratio of mass transfer parameter N Eckert number Ec, while reverse is the case for Magnetic parameter M, and Prandtl number Pr. Concentration profile gets lowered by increasing the value Schmidt parameter Sc and chemical reaction parameter Kr . Jeffery fluid parameter β has enhancing effect on skin friction at both y = 0and y = 1, while reverse is the case for Chemical Reaction parameterKr . Rising the Jeffery fluid parameter β reduces the Nusselt number at y = 0 and reverse is the case for chemical reaction parameterKr and opposite behavior is seen at y = 1. Finally chemical reaction parameterKr does not have any significant effects on Sherwood number at y=0 and y=1. While Schmidt number reduces the Sherwood numberSc at y=0 and intensifies it at y=1