Edwards Personal Preference Schedule Research Articles

Designing a New Employee Acceptance Personality Test Applicat on Using Web-based Edward Personal Preference Schedule

The diversity of personality possessed by humans makes one hesitate to explore the work that interests him. The world of psychology has several test tools that can be used to analyze a person’s personality which is the end result of a test that is used to see a person’s personality tendency and what type of work is suitable for the interest, where current state and private companies still use manual tests by making questionnaires or a series of questions which will be given to the object which is employee candidate to study. Then the questionnaire is filled in by each object so that the value is collected and recalculated, by using a manual system an employee will wait a very long time to see the results.To solve this problem, a system is designed to facilitate the analysis of the personality of prospective employees and to place them in the positions or professions. The system was designed using the Edward Personal Preference Schedule method is one of the personality test tools that is able to reveal 15 personalities. Based on the results of the processed data there are 3 types of personality, the first type is a personality with the highest score, namely autonomy with a score of 18, the second type is affiliation with a score of 17, and the third type is domination with a score of 17 so it can be concluded that respondents X were advised to work in military sections such as the TNI.

Linear Congruential Method for Randomization of Test Item in Computer-Based Psychological Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) Test

Psychological tests are used to determine human’s attitude and behavior. In its application, psychological tests still use the old method. Objects are asked to answer questions and then the answers will be collected again to be calculated, and then conclusion will be drawn from the result. It will be time consuming and impractical. Computer-based psychological test have an answer to these deficiencies. By utilizing the ease of test item management in computer, this paper discusses the application of linear congruential method for randomization of test item in computer-based psychological edwards personal preference schedule (EPPS) test developed by web-based programming. According to expert, the difference in the number of respondents who have the largest and smallest raw score aspects that are the same and not the same is considered not too significant that in this case randomization of test item can be applied to the EPPS test because the change in test results is not too significant and the scoring process is still valid

Time Trends in Murray's Psychogenic Needs over Three Decades in Swedish 75-Year-Olds

Background: While time trends in personality traits have been suggested in younger cohorts, little is known regarding this issue in older adults. Objective: To test for birth cohort changes in psychogenic needs according to Murray's theory of personality in two birth cohorts of 75-year-olds born 1901-1902 and 1930. Methods: Two population-based birth cohorts were examined at the age of 75 years in 1976-1977 and in 2005-2006. Psychogenic needs according to Murray were measured with the Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule (CMPS), a Swedish version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. Scores on the CMPS subscales (achievement, affiliation, aggression, defence of status, guilt feelings, dominance, exhibition, autonomy, nurturance, order, succorance, and acquiescence) were compared between cohorts. Results:Achievement, exhibition, dominance, aggression, affiliation, and succorance scores were higher, and order and acquiescence scores lower, in the more recent birth cohort of 75-year-olds. Women scored lower than men on exhibition and dominance, and higher on defence of status, guilt feelings, affiliation, nurturance, and succorance. Interaction effects between cohort and sex were found for achievement (women scored lower than men in 1976-1977 but not in 2005-2006), order (the lower scores in 2005-2006 were more accentuated among men), and acquiescence (increased in men and decreased in women). Conclusion: The later-born birth cohort scored higher on self-centred traits, such as more dominant, competitive, and exhibitive traits as well as the need to be taken care of and have friends around, but it scored lower on the need for order. The gap between men and women regarding achievement decreased, possibly reflecting women's more prominent role in society.

Low-Achievement Syndrome Among Bright Junior High School Boys.

AbstractThis investigation was undertaken to determine whether academically bright junior high school male high and low achievers differed significantly on certain non-intellective variables chosen on the basis of related research as being especially promising as significant factors. The School Interest Inventory, the Minnesota Counseling Inventory, and the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule were administered to 284 academically bright junior high school high- and low-achieving boys to determine whether the two groups differed significantly on certain of the scales. It was found that the low achievers had described themselves as having weaker achievement motivation, as having less satisfactory family relationships, as being less aggressive, less persistent, and less conforming, and as having stronger heterosexual interests.

Relationship between personality traits and choosing a medical specialty.

The recent imbalance in the labor market structure of medical specialists can cause problems in access to care, and result in lower quality and increased costs of medical care. The labor market structure of medical specialists requires discussion in relation to specialty selection and personality traits. This study examined the relationship between personality traits and specialist selection among medical students. This study used the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and a customized questionnaire. The participants were 358 medical students of the College of Medicine at Chang Gung University. Medical students scored the highest in Intraception and the lowest in Deference. Women scored significantly higher compared to men for Intraception, Succorance, and Change, whereas men scored significantly higher than women for Dominance and Heterosexuality. Medical students who have family or friends who are also physicians scored higher in Affiliation and lower in Deference than other medical students. Medical students who did not participate in extracurricular activities scored higher in Aggression than those who did. Fourth-year medical students scored significantly higher in Succorance than 7(th)-year medical students. A significant difference was found among medical students of different specialties regarding Exhibition, Autonomy, Intraception, Succorance, and Nurturance. Surgery students scored significantly higher in Exhibition than general medicine students. Students who chose a specialty scored higher in Autonomy than general medicine students. General medicine students scored higher in Intraception and Succorance than surgery students. The results of this study can be used as a frame of reference in the field of medical education or in the formulation of governmental policies regarding physician human resource management.

Personality in women and associations with mortality: a 40-year follow-up in the population study of women in Gothenburg.

BackgroundThe question of whether personality traits influence health has long been a focus for research and discussion. Therefore, this study was undertaken to examine possible associations between personality traits and mortality in women.MethodsA population-based sample of women aged 38, 46, 50 and 54 years at initial examination in 1968–69 was followed over the course of 40 years. At baseline, 589 women completed the Cesarec-Marke Personality Schedule (the Swedish version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule) and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Associations between personality traits and mortality were tested using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsNo linear associations between personality traits or factor indices and mortality were found. When comparing the lowest (Q1) and highest quartile (Q4) against the two middle quartiles (Q2 + Q3), the personality trait Succorance Q1 versus Q2 + Q3 showed hazard ratio (HR) = 1.37 (confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-1.74), and for the factor index Aggressive non-conformance, both the lowest and highest quartiles had a significantly higher risk of death compared to Q2 + Q3: for Q1 HR = 1.32 (CI = 1.03-1.68) and for Q4 HR = 1.36 (CI = 1.06-1.77). Neither Neuroticism nor Extraversion predicted total mortality.ConclusionsPersonality traits did not influence long term mortality in this population sample of women followed for 40 years from mid- to late life. One explanation may be that personality in women becomes more circumscribed due to the social constraints generated by the role of women in society.

Adolescence Aggression as Related to Gender and Birth Order

In the present study an attempt was made to find out whether aggressive behaviour is related to gender and birth order of the adolescence. A Bengali version of the aggression scale of Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) was administered to one hundred students from different colleges in Rajshahi city. In order to investigate the relationship between aggressive behaviour and gender, they were divided into two groups, male and female and comparisons were made between them, on the basis of the scores obtained on the aggression scale employing‘t’ test. Secondly, in order to study the relationship between aggressive behaviour and birth order, the respondents were divided into two groups- first born and last born and comparisons were made between the two groups. The results of the study suggest that males are more aggressive than females and the last born children are more aggressive than the first born children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujs.v38i0.16552 Rajshahi University J. of Sci. 38, 97-107 (2010)

PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS IN FIVE HEALTH PROFESSIONS

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule scores of 130 first year health science students differed significantly from American tertiary norms. Australian students were more nurturant, autonomous, aggressive, succorant and interested in change and heterosexuality while being less dominant, achieving, deferent and orderly. Comparison of the personality profiles of students in five professions showed that the main differences occurred between degree and diploma course students. Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy students were similar. Speech Pathologists were more achieving than Occupational Therapists and less affiliative but more ordered than Physiotherapists. Medical Records Administrators were the most dominant and achieving group and like Nurses showed low affiliation and abasement. Nurses were the most ordered, least consistent group.

Efficacy and assessment of patient education as related to morbidity from asthma

Asthmatic patients are sometimes ignorant of their treatment and of the pathophysiology of their disease. In such patients, anxiety about the disease may worsen their condition. We studied the effects of an educational program for bronchial asthma. In 45 patients, the Severity of Asthma Scores before and after the program were measured. Sixty percent of the patients were assessed as "improved". On self-administered questionnaires concerned with asthma, most of the patients indicated that the program significantly improved their condition, reduced apprehension about the disease, and increased their trust in the hospital. In 24 patients, three psychological tests were done. Results of the comprehensive asthma inventory indicated that the program was useful for dependent and self-disciplined patients, but was not useful for resigned and depressed patients. The Y-G test showed that most of the patients who were helped by the program were introverted. Results of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule revealed a difference in desire between the group that benefitted from the program and the group that did not. These results suggest that each group had a certain inclination toward psychogenic symptoms. Therefore, psychological tests are useful for predicting the effects of education. In conclusion, educational programs for patients with bronchial asthma may affect morbidity from asthma. Possible mechanisms include relief of anxiety about the disease and improvement in the patient's compliance with prescribed therapy.

New Editor's Introduction

With this issue, I begin my term as editor of The Career Development Quarterly (CDQ). Being editor of CDQ is a great honor and an even greater responsibility. As the editor of the premier journal informing career counseling and development, I have now been given the task to both maintain the reputation and quality and, if I have a particularly good run of luck, even enhance it. A new editor's first editorial should be pithy, introducing the new editor and the new vision, as well as thanking all those whose hard work make our journal possible. I bow to that tradition. I do think that it is good for you (readers and authors) to have a little better idea of what you are getting with a new editor, and, as a counselor, I do think that a little appropriate disclosure can be useful. For those of you who do not know me, I was born a poor, gay, Cherokee boy in rural southeastern Missouri. Coming from such roots motivated me and made me appreciate what has happened in my career. Such a background, along with a strong need to provide succorance (supported by my scores on this subscale of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and on similar subscales of the Strong Interest Inventory, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and an early Kuder), led me to counseling as my career choice. My area of specific expertise in our field is multicultural career counseling, and I have published mainly in that area; however, I also have expertise in the history of and the public policy issues in career counseling, career interest assessment, international career development, organizational career development, and the teaching of career counseling. I am somewhat unusual in many ways in our career development profession and bring a variety of experiences to the editorship of CDQ that I hope will be useful. I have a strong practice background, including more than 20 years in independent practice that I hope will allow me to have sensitivity to and knowledge of articles that may be especially relevant to career development practitioners. (I hold certifications as a Master Career Counselor, Registered Professional Career Counselor [California], and National Certified Career Counselor.) I have a strong research background that I hope will allow me to select articles that advance the science and knowledge of our profession. I have a strong advocacy and social justice background that I hope will enable me to recruit and select, nurture, and mentor authors, as well as editorial board members, who reflect the broad, inclusive diversity of our world. Finally, I also have strong organizational, administrative, financial, and political skills, having been a manager and leader of people and organizations, both for-profit and intentionally not-for-profit organizations. I ought to be good at this. You, my peers, will ultimately be the judge. These organizational skills are well developed from years of service to the profession in a variety of leadership roles, from editorial responsibilities for books and special issues/sections and from leading such projects as the development of successful grant proposals as well as institutional self-study materials for accreditation. I am considered by my colleagues to be a well-organized and action-oriented person. I hear from my predecessors that these are important characteristics for editors. Most important, I am a practicing professional career counselor, organizational consultant, counselor educator, and vocational psychologist. The commitment from the previous editors has always been to preserve the nature of CDQ: It is a practice-focused journal, and each article must address the implications of the article for career counselors and other career development professionals. It is my intention to continue that critical tradition. The foregoing, then, is a natural segue to my vision. During the next 3 years, CDQ will grow dynamically in response to the needs of our field. The structure-Articles, Effective Techniques, Personal Perspectives, Reader Reactions, Brief Reports-will remain the same, but the quantity of articles appearing in those sections will increase. …

Correlations between Personal Preferences and Age for a Sample of Japanese Open University Students

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule was administered to open university students of various ages (95 men, 164 women). For both men and women, the scores on Order had positive correlation and those on Heterosexuality had negative correlation with age. Scores on Deference and Endurance had positive correlations for women. It is considered that the changes of these preferences by age would reflect social experiences accumulated over time.

Job satisfaction and autonomy of Hong Kong registered nurses.

This research examines job satisfaction and need for autonomy of 190 registered nurses in Hong Kong using a cross-sectional survey design. The level of job satisfaction towards six job components (autonomy, professional status, pay, interaction, task requirements and organizational policies) was measured using the Index of Work Satisfaction. Results showed that the sample was dissatisfied more than satisfied, they valued the job components of autonomy, professional status and pay more than interaction, task requirements and organizational policies. In addition, comparisons were made between nurses working in different hospitals and also different nursing units within a hospital. The level of need for autonomy was assessed using the autonomy subscale of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. Results showed that the level of need for autonomy of this group of nurses was below the mid-score of the sub-scale and there was no significant relationship between their satisfaction with job autonomy and their individual need for autonomy.

Personality Needs and Short-Term Memory

This study examined a possible relationship between personality needs and short-term memory. 102 Japanese college students were administered a Japanese version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and performed 3 verbal short-term memory tests. No reliable correlations were found between memory performance and the scores on the 15 scales of Edwards' schedule. In contrast, course examination scores in introductory psychology were statistically significantly correlated with some scale scores. These results suggested that motivational personality traits would not be related to short-term memory performance, although they were associated with academic achievement.

DEVELOPMENT OF A PARTNER SYNCHRONY INVENTORY FOR COUPLE THERAPY

Conflict in relationships caused Wingrove Cottage Community Clinic to use in couple therapy and then further develop, the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS; Edwards, 1959). The development addressed the length of the original questions and the limitations of self-reporting tests by creating a comparison of personal, partner, ideal and remake of partner perceptions. This obvious and concise inventory was called the Marital Synchrony Inventory (MSI) which allowed for comparison of discrepancies between subjects self, partner, ideal and remake perceptions by using the 15 personality variables of the EPPS with a written description of what each word meant. A significant correlation between both instruments provided the impetus to further improve and condense the MSI through factorizing the 15 items. This was effected and 3 factors emerged and were called Authoritativeness, Empathy and Compliance. This condensed version of the MSI was called the Partner Synchrony Inventory (PSI) to be used for both diagnostic and therapeutic benefit of the client. This instrument will be usable by therapists for all heterosexual, homosexual and relational couples. The PSI is now available as a userfriendly computer-aided test for use by therapists.

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule as a Predictor of Success in a Collegiate Professional Pilot Training Program

This study examined the preliminary results of a project designed to identify a method to predict successful student completion of a collegiate professional pilot curriculum. The study undertook to evaluate the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) as a predictive instrument. The EPPS was administered to 185 collegiate professional pilot candidates. The results were analyzed by means of a stepwise regression analysis. The findings indicated that only two variables were statistically significant in explaining the variance. These variables were Change and Autonomy. In combination, these variables explained approximately 4.8% of the total variance. Due to the low percentage of the total variance explained, the value of the EPPS as a predictor of success in collegiate professional pilot curricula must be seriously questioned.

Dietitians:: An Analysis of Personality Characteristics and Job Satisfaction

The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between personality characteristics and job satisfaction among administrative and clinical/community dietitians. Relationships were studied among the personality traits: autonomy, affiliation, achievement, dominance, and nurturance, as measured by the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and the Job Descriptive Index (JDI) job satisfaction subscales: ‘work itself’, ‘pay’, ‘opportunities for promotion’, ‘coworkers’, ‘supervision’, and the ‘job in general’.The study sample consisted of 127 graduates from the Coordinated Program in Dietetics (CPD) within the Department of Food and Nutrition at North Dakota State University. One hundred twenty-seven JDI surveys were mailed with a return response rate of 56% (n=71) and a usable rate of 46% (n=59).The results of the JDI indicated that the respondent median JDI scores fell below the 50th percentile ranking in most job satisfaction subscales, when compared to established national norms. The respondents were most satisfied with their job overall (JIG) and least satisfied with ‘opportunities for promotion’ and ‘pay’ at work.Analysis of personality traits of more satisfied and less satisfied dietetic subgroups did not support a relationship between job satisfaction and personality characteristics. The only instance of significance was that administrators, less satisfied with their ‘coworkers’, had higher affiliation traits than their more satisfied counterparts. Despite the small sample size of this study, personality traits would appear to play a minimal role in job satisfaction within dietetics.

Sense of humor and dimensions of personality.

Previous researchers have demonstrated relationships between sense of humor and personality. Most have viewed sense of humor from the perspective of humor appreciation. Others have taken the approach that sense of humor has two factors: appreciation and creativity. Our approach has been to look at sense of humor as made up of creativity and several additional elements. The present study reports on the factor analysis of a Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale, as well as correlates of various elements of sense of humor with personality traits assessed by the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule. Relationships by humor scale factors are reported, as are differences between those high and low in sense of humor within a sample of 426 individuals, 18 through 90 years of age.

Supervision as a focal point in nurse education: An exploratory study of its effects on the needs of student nurses

This study reports the results of a 2 year follow up of the effects of experience of supervision on the personal needs of nursing students. Supervision was given during this period on a continual basis as a focal point of nursing education. Students were encouraged to relate critical incidents as starting points for the supervisory process. Students rated the quality of supervision in terms of its perceived effect on their sense of professional identity and on their self-confidence with respect to clinical work. A Swedish version of a standard personality questionnaire, the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), was given at the initiation of supervision and repeated 2 years later on its completion. The results of 48 students are presented. Two hypotheses relating to the global effects of supervision were not confirmed but the hypothesis concerning the effects of supervision to depend on its perceived quality was confirmed. As measured, the effectiveness of supervision was seen in statistically significant correlations between ratings of supervisory quality and changes reflecting an increased need for leadership and a diminished need for subordinance.

Using psychological tests to discriminate between “best” and “least best” correctional officers

A correctional officer's job is complex and differs significantly from other law enforcement roles. A front-end analysis was conducted to determine personality aspects that discriminate between “Best” and “Least Best” correctional officers. The correctional Officers' Interest Blank, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire, Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Organization-Behavior Test, Edwards Personal Preference Schedule, Wonderlic Personnel Test, and the Adult Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Test were selected to measure these aspects. Twenty working correctional officers evaluated as “Best” and twelve evaluated as “Least Best” in a medium-sized jail facility were selected as subjects. The subject sample ranged in age between 21 and 57 years. It included African-American males and females, Caucasian males and females, and a Hispanic female. The psychological tests were administered to each subject in an effort to identify traits associated with “Best” and “Least Best” status. A student t test for unrelated samples indicated that the Correctional Officers' Interest Blank discriminated “Best” from “Least Best” officers at the .05 level of statistical significance.

Testing and Counseling in Assisting Students in Career Selection

The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) evaluates 15 personality traits, which yields a personality profile. It is possible to construct a similar profile for various career or job environments. The profiles of various careers may be compared to an individual's personality profile to determine the best match. This, at least, helps students to objectively evaluate their career choices and produces more insight than most such tests.