Educational Process Of University Research Articles

Personality-oriented Technology of Training a Future Teacher in the University Educational Process

Personality-oriented Technology of Training a Future Teacher in the University Educational Process

Этические проблемы и риски цифровой трансформации преподавателя высшей школы

The article examines the concept of “digital transformation of a teacher” and its implications. It identifies the advantages of digital transformation for teacher while highlighting and analyzing the ethical issues arising from this transformation in the context of modern university education. Potential risks associated with the digital transformation of teacher are identified, along with recommendations for their mitigation. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the digitization of higher education leads to fundamental changes in the university educational process, affecting the activities of teacher and triggering his digital transformation. This shift facilitates a transition from traditional to digital education, aligning with the needs of a digital society. However, this comprehensive transformation through digital technologies also gives rise to ethical issues that can have ambiguous consequences for both the teacher himself and higher education institutions. The author concludes that the digital transformation of higher education teacher is a complex and contradictory process. On one hand, it fosters professional engagement and enhances teachers’ skills, leading to the effective development of digital university education. On the other hand, it generates numerous ethical issues and associated risks that require careful consideration to ensure the quality of digital higher education. Balancing the benefits of digital transformation with ethical considerations is crucial for fostering a sustainable and responsible digital education environment.

The Implications of Assessment Based on Contextual Learning on Students' Results

Creating contexts in teaching, learning, and assessing the student involves a complex activity whose purpose is the student's progress. The connection between the three processes can be assured by choosing the best educational context for the university teacher. In the student-centered university educational process, having the students as partners in the teaching process and assessing them based on contextual learning is essential. This study analyses the influence of assessment based on contextual learning on students' learning results and used descriptive and comparative quantitative research with a non-experimental design to achieve this goal. The sample was 114 students from the Teacher Training Department, West University of Timisoara, Romania, second year of study, Level 1 of the Postgraduate Program, for the academic year 2021–2022 (20 males and 94 females). Using two formative context-based assessment tasks and one summative content-based assessment task, the study revealed that assessments based on practical contextual learning tasks positively impact students' results more than content-based assessments. Also, the contextual assessment task type influences students' results, with the practical context determining better results than a cognitive-theoretical context. The study's limitations suggested that many factors could be involved in studying the impact of different types of contextual assessment on students' results. Future experimental research could be done on considering experimentally confirmed variables and criteria for construing and choosing the appropriate type of task for formative and summative contextual assessment that confirms students' progress, including new technologies support in contextual assessment.

THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE FORMATION OF SOCIOCULTURAL VALUES

The work presents an analysis of cultural concepts, heritage and values, their significance is also mentioned in the process of training young people in university institutions. The paper mentions the functions and aspects that emphasize the role of sociocultural values in the development of the personality of young people. Culture has a great influence on how we are aware of the community we are part of and the value system formed during development. Sociocultural values through cultural and social affiliation, reflect references such as the history and qualities of artistic heritage or association with remarkable personalities. Within the university education process, the emphasis is on contributing to their knowledge, protection and promotion. Therefore, the university education process has a considerable impact on the valorization of cultural heritage and the formation of sociocultural values of young people, which will serve as a means of adaptation and integration in the current period.

Life tasks and value orientations of future teachers under conditions of a digital educational environment

The present study aims to establish and substantiate statistically significant correlations between the life tasks and value orientations of future teachers in training in a digital educational environment. Valid and reliable psychodiagnostic tools were applied to measure the study variables. Two correlation matrices were constructed: one between the terminal and instrumental values and another between these values and the parameters of life tasks. The results reveal that the values “entertainment”, “high demands” and “responsibility” present the greatest number of significant correlations, which indicates that they are the most dependent values and prioritized by future teachers. A notable finding is that the parameter “integrity of life” does not correlate significantly with any of the values studied. This suggests that life integrity is an autonomous dimension in the lives of future teachers. The correlations identified in this study have important implications for the planning and organization of the quality educational process in universities, particularly in digital environments.

Сущность формативного оценивания как дидактического концепта высшего образования

The purpose of the research is to reveal the didactic essence of formative assessment in the context of its conceptualization in the university pedagogical process. The article refers to the problem of improving the pedagogical process through the use of educational technologies of formative assessment. The study attempts to trace the evolution of the formation of the concept of formative assessment in Russian and foreign pedagogy, to identify its essence and content, to characterize formative assessment in the modern educational process of the university as a pedagogical phenomenon that contributes to improving the quality of learning. As a result, the researchers clarified the essence of the concept “formative assessment” and defined it on the basis of the conducted comprehensive analysis of the genesis of its conceptualization in global pedagogical science. The novelty of the proposed research lies in the presented characteristic of formative assessment in a modern pedagogical process of higher education institutions, revealing its essence through didactic functions and strategic principles. The paper concludes by highlighting the didactic potential of formative assessment, focusing on its essential characteristic as a regulator of educational activity, which provides the continuous development and adaptation of the pedagogical process to the individual abilities and learning needs of students in order to improve the quality of education. The practical advantage of the paper is that it proposes tactics and strategies for the implementation of formative assessment technologies in the university educational process.

İç Mekan Estetik Memnuniyetin Karşılaştırılması: İç Mimarlık Birinci Sınıf ve Üst Sınıf Öğrencileri Arasındaki Farklılıklar

The professions of interior architecture necessitate the integration of both aesthetics and functionality. Therefore, these concepts are deeply embedded in the university education process. The first step on this educational path is taking the basic design studio course which aims students to start developing critical and abstract thinking skills in the design process. It would contribute to the literature to examine how far students are able to develop their aesthetic evaluations in the first year of university education. Therefore, we conducted the study to investigate if there is a difference in aesthetic evaluations of interiors between students who have just started their interior architecture education and students who have completed their first year. Examining how students' aesthetic evaluations for interior design evolve over the course of their interior architecture education provides valuable insights into design education. The results illustrated that there is a significant difference between evaluations of aesthetic pleasure and novelty. The students who finished the first year have less aesthetic pleasure and novelty scores than the students who just started their university education. The first year of education may reduce aesthetic appreciation because basic design education aims to teach students to think critically.

DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL FOR IMPLEMENTING A CASE METHOD FOR INTERACTIVE STUDY PROCESS MANAGEMENT MONITORING

The importance of this research topic lies in the need to gather, store, analyze and disseminate accurate information on the management status of educational institutions to guarantee the provision of quality educational services. This is particularly crucial in the current trend towards digitalizing educational work and utilizing the internet to facilitate practical management tasks. The study aims to construct a case method model to supervise educational process management outcomes. For that purpose, the study scrutinises the implementation methodologies of existing case models to monitor and analyse the situation without human intervention. Also, the investigation entails creating an implementation algorithm and a simulation model of an interactive case method to monitor educational activities. The formalized logical-semantic apparatus is used to address the research problems. The algorithm development and simulation modeling enabled correlation of the obtained answer with the assigned task, automating the results output. Generating answers in the case method involves considering rules based on the base word, answer keywords, and constraints (true/false). These elements are part of the thesaurus specific to the survey domain and are included in the test's base vocabulary. To test an answer against a question, each inductive step is viewed through a logical formula. Logical statements such as conjunction, disjunction, logical negation, implication, and equivalence are represented by formulas. This method enables the evaluation of the respondent's answer based on the nodes within the statement tree integrated into the test. The progression from the initial word to the node-connection generates an automated assessment of individual educational process management standards. This study enables the enhancement of automated monitoring capabilities for the University's educational process results. The research suggests the potential for developing models and algorithms to form question sets and enable individualized assessments based on the respondent's performance. As a consequence, the devised algorithm and simulation model for the interactive case approach are showcased. During the testing, the key words and example words were compared with the responses of the participants and specific results were obtained. Additional case vocabulary terms need to be added to address the limitations encountered during the model testing and the testing period.

Technology on increasing the preparedness of future teachers for integrated teaching in primary school

Relevance. The study addresses the critical need for effective technology to prepare future primary school teachers for integrated teaching, highlighting the importance of the author's TPSIL technology in enhancing students' readiness for this approach. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of TPSIL author�s technology on the readiness for integrated learning in primary school of students which are future teachers. Methodology. An experimental study was conducted to assess the initial level of preparedness of future teachers for integrated teaching in primary school. The researchers employed questionnaires and testing to determine the students' interest in the studied problem and assess their level of readiness for integrated teaching, aiming to provide insights into the effectiveness of the TPSIL technology in preparing future teachers for this approach. Results. The authors found that the level of preparedness of future teachers for integrated teaching in primary school is low for most of the respondents. The need for the introduction of TPSIL technology (the technology of preparing students for integrated teaching) was substantiated according to the results of the experiment. Conclusions. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the authors' TPSIL technology in preparing future primary school teachers for integrated teaching by enhancing their knowledge and skills. However, the analysis revealed areas for improvement in the university educational process, which can be addressed through the implementation of the TPSIL technology and focused work by the university. Keywords: training of future teachers; integrated teaching; students; experiment; technology; primary school; pedagogy

Inklúzia vo vysokoškolskom prostredí a možnosti jej aplikácie – príklad empirického výskumu

The present paper presents the results of its own empirical research. It is aimed of university teachers opinions in the field of inclusive education. Inclusive education is very important and we need to research its application to the university education. Inclusion can be considered as one of the prerequisites for promoting safety in the school environment. The empirical research was realised by using quantitative methodology. A pre-prepared questionnaire was used to collect data. The analysis of the data was was realised by using the statistical software SPSS 20. The respondents of the empirical research were 97 university teachers working at selected Slovakian universities. The aim of the paper is to map the participation of students with specific needs in the university educational process. Moreover, we identify the prerequisites for the effective application of an inclusive approach by university teachers. The prerequisites of the inclusive approach application in the university educational process are based on awareness of students with specific needs participation in the university educational process.

О реализации концепции технологического развития России

The problem of achieving the goals set in the Concept of Technological Development of the Russian Federation is considered. The implementation of the concept is aimed at achieving the technological sovereignty of the country. It is recognized that attempts at frontal liberalization of the Russian economy have led to the collapse of organizational forms of interaction and integration of scientific, educational and industrial activities in the civil sphere, to the degradation of engineering education and engineering schools. The Concept assumes the involvement of a large number of regions of the country in this innovative process by forming research and production clusters around leading engineering higher educational institutions in them. Statistical data on the economic, scientific, and human resources potential of Russian regions are presented. It is proposed to revise the legislative framework of the education system in the country, to implement real improvement of the educational process in universities based on modern approaches, to consider the feasibility of training masters in technical areas.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И МЕТОДЫ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ ДИСЦИПЛИН «БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЖИЗНЕДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ» И «ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА» В ВУЗЕ С ПОЯВЛЕНИЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ (НЕЙРОСЕТИ)

The use of artificial intelligence in education represents an important step towards a modern and innovative educational environment. This article discusses modern methods of teaching in the field of «Life Safety» with the use of artificial intelligent systems (neural networks), which allow to improve the educational process in universities. Application of these approaches allows to create a more effective learning process and improves the quality of teaching the subject «Life Safety».

Application of axiologically-oriented classes’ system when teaching agricultural students of different cultures by means of social disciplines

The value orientations of students are of great scientific interest from the point of view of the formation of the educational process in universities and are an important subject of sociological and pedagogical research. The aim of our research is to work out a program of value-oriented lessons, connecting the social disciplines as well as curatorial lessons with united axiological topics, apply it in classes with students, evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency to increase the level of knowledge, strengthen motivation to study the values of intercultural communication, elevate axiological orientations of intercultural communication of students to the rank of norm. Our validation tools comprise hypothesis, analysis, observation, synthesis, simulation, mathematical data treatment, experimental tests, and diagnosis methods. During the implementation of the program, the personal and social value groups of the students of the experimental group were most influenced. A positive result of working with the professional values of intercultural communication can be considered a change in their numerical indicators of significance. The strategic direction of the formation of a university student is the motivation for purposeful entry into the system of values as universal socio-cultural orientations. The emphasis shifts to changing personal qualities, which eventually enhance the activity of the individual in the socioprofessional sphere.

ФАСИЛИТАЦИЯ ДУАЛЬНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

This article focuses on defining the optimal conditions for implementing the dual education model in higher professional education based on facilitation technology. The study aims to identify the best conditions for integrating dual education into higher education, utilizing facilitation technology. The tasks addressed in the article include: analyzing the current state of dual education implementation at the university; identifying the needs of all participants in dual education (teaching staff, students, employers) for organizing dual education using facilitation technology; and establishing optimal conditions for implementing the dual education model in the university's educational process based on facilitation session results. Methods used include SWOT analysis, facilitation technologies like World Cafe and Future Search, content analysis, ranking, and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of facilitation technology in enhancing the quality of dual education, despite significant challenges in higher professional education systems. Calculations highlight the most optimal conditions, considering the interests and needs of all stakeholders in dual education: expanding dual education infrastructure (establishing training centers at enterprises, competence centers at the university), enhancing the psycho-pedagogical competence of mentors in production training theory and methods, educational theory and methods, psychology of professional activities, and ensuring psychological support for the educational process in the dual education format. The study emphasizes the need for strategies involving all educational process stakeholders in organizing and implementing dual education. Scientific novelty lies in applying facilitation techniques to refine the dual education model through active empathetic listening and understanding of the requirements and suggestions of all dual education stakeholders.

Optimization of the Teaching Process of Physical Education and Training in Colleges and Universities Based on Explanatory Structural Models

Abstract This study examines the explanatory structural model’s inter-level division technique and how it relates to the directed graphs representing the system’s constituent parts. The directed graphs without loops are successfully identified by analyzing these directed graphs, and the critical elements in the set of highest-level elements are found accordingly. The reduced reachability matrix is used in the study to directly locate the corresponding sinks, and this approach not only optimizes the hierarchical effect of the elements of the complex system, but also significantly improves the computational efficiency of the explanatory structural model. We also used this refined model to examine the main variables influencing how well colleges and universities teach physical training. To maximize the effectiveness of the physical exercise teaching method, a strategy of moving from the deep to the surface was chosen, considering the hierarchical link between these components. The study’s findings demonstrated that applying this optimization method raised the subjects’ overall test scores before and after training by an average of 20.14 points. In addition, the subjects’ lung capacity increased from 4.21 liters to 4.86 liters, and the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and output per beat in terms of cardiac function increased by 11.7% and 18.9%, respectively. The study’s findings offer a significant theoretical and practical foundation for advancing physical education techniques and developing college students’ athletic potential.

БОЛОЧОК МУГАЛИМДЕРДИН КЕП ТЕХНИКАСЫН КАЛЫПТАНДЫРУУ – ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫК КӨЙГӨЙ КАТАРЫ

With increasing requirements for the professional training of a teacher, the issues of acquiring speech technique and improving his professional qualities are of particular importance. Democratization and humanization of the educational process in universities and schools requires a high level of professional skills from the current teacher. On the one hand, this is an important component of his pedagogical culture, and on the other hand, it is considered a condition for professional development and excellence. Solving the problem of a future teacher's speech technique involves changing the educational process at a pedagogical university, increasing attention to the student as a subject of educational and professional activity, individualizing his training, and developing flexible educational technologies. Since the teacher’s speech ensures the development of subject knowledge of students and makes it possible to fully and easily explain the educational material, it is important to use facial expressions, gestures, diction, speech, and even correctly breathing. A correctly formed teacher’s speech can become an impetus for the rational formation of student’s cognitive activity and is the main means in creating a positive psycho-emotional climate among the student community. Also, it asserts trust to the teacher and the relative behavior of students in the pedagogical process. Therefore, when teaching pedagogical disciplines at a university, it is necessary to pay special attention to the formation of the speech culture of future teachers.

Do “Top” Universities the Best in Everything? How the Status and the Size of Russian Universities Correlate to Student Engagement

The characteristics of the university that issued the higher education diploma are an important signal for the employer, indicating the quality of the graduate’s training. However, it remains unknown to what extent top Russian universities really differ in the quality of the educational process from other universities, and do not simply use their ability to admit the most talented and motivated students. This paper attempts to answer this question using student engagement indicators, which are considered worldwide as a valid tool for assessing the quality of higher education. The article aims to examine the relationship between student engagement and two institutional characteristics of universities (a special status and the size of the university) by employing survey data on 16,143 students studying at 401 Russian universities. The results demonstrate that students studying at federal, national research and flagship universities have comparatively lower class engagement and social engagement compared to students from universities without special status. In addition, students at institutions with a size between 1,000 and 3,500 students were the most engaged in class activities and, at the same time, disengaged, while a size of less than 1,000 students was negatively associated with disengagement. The results obtained, on the one hand, require further research into the relationship between institutional characteristics and student engagement. On the other hand, they indicate the need to increase the weight of indicators of the quality of the educational process in universities in government excellence initiatives aimed at identifying leading universities and supporting them, as well as the importance of developing valid indicators of the quality of the educational process that can be used as a criterion in such government competitions.

Managing the efficiency and competitiveness of hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises in Ukraine during the war

In each case, the tactics and strategy of management are complemented by other tools and mechanisms, depending on the conditions of accommodation, specialisation, and life cycle of a particular enterprise. However, the war has also led to the emergence of new circumstances for the functioning of hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and develop new and improve the existing directions, mechanisms and tools for managing the efficiency and competitiveness of hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises in the context of war, taking into account military challenges and threats, possible reserves for relocation and spatial displacement of the tourism services market. In the process of writing the article, the following methods were used: historical and systemic approach; systemic and structural analysis and synthesis; statistical and economic, economic and mathematical, and ranking. As a result, new factors have been identified and the set of existing factors influencing the competitiveness of hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises has been supplemented. It is found that these factors are both common and different. Thus, the growth of competitive advantages, efficiency and competitiveness is facilitated to a greater extent by: integration processes; quality of products and services; qualification of staff and management; use of digitalisation and marketing measures in the organisation and management of activities. Therefore, focusing on their support constitutes the strategic objectives and directions of efficiency and competitiveness management. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the differences relating to the factors of location of hotels and restaurants (restaurants are preferable in very busy places, hotels – in quiet and peaceful places); hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises – inclusive or exclusive services, authentic offers; seasonal demand, specially allocated time for rest, etc. The article emphasises that the continuation of Russia’s missile and bomb attacks on peaceful cities of Ukraine requires a corresponding intensification of security measures for the hotel, restaurant and tourism business. The results of the study can be used in managing the efficiency and competitiveness of hotel, restaurant and tourism enterprises, local governments, in the educational process of universities and colleges

Approaches to Independent Assessment of Qualifications at the University

In recent years, research has become relevant related to the introduction into practice of a new tool for legitimizing professional qualifications for Russia and increasing the effectiveness of processes for ensuring the country’s economy with qualified personnel. To solve this issue, organizations have been created designed to form an objective and transparent procedure for voluntary assessment of qualifications, which is guaranteed to confirm the qualification of a specialist with established requirements and standards – these are centers for assessing qualifications. Meanwhile, the prospects for the development of the integration of tools for independent assessment of qualifications into the educational process of Universities with the strengthening of the role of interaction The employer university is currently obvious. First, the successful completion of an independent qualification assessment increases the competitiveness of graduates in the labor market. Secondly, employers get the opportunity to form an order for training specialists and save on the costs associated with additional training of staff. Thirdly, for the University, an independent assessment of the qualification of a graduate is a source of revers communication necessary to improve the quality of educational programs and develop interaction with employers. The relevance of the research topic is caused by the choice of the optimal option for applying an independent assessment of qualifications in the education system ‒ combining the procedure for the final certification of students and a professional exam. The purpose of the study is to reveal the experience of implementing an independent assessment of qualifications at the University, to identify key problems and ways of further development. The authors believe that the introduction of the GIA-NOC procedure in educational activities will lead to the quality of educational results for students and graduates.

Self-education of future teachers in education of primary school children through national values

Relevance. Relevance of the study is due is a pedagogical conditions, the implementation of which in the educational process of universities, taking into account the aspect of transformation of the content of education from knowledge-centered to competence-based, wich will be contribute to the effective preparation of future primary school teachers for successful professional and pedagogical self-education through national values in today's rapidly changing world. Purpose. The aim of the study is to provide theoretical justification and develop pedagogical conditions for the successful formation of professional and pedagogical self-educational competence of future primary school teachers through national values in the educational process of higher education institutions. Methodology. As part of the study, we formulated the following hypothesis: if the process of professional training of future primary school teachers through the national values of the Republic of Kazakhstan will take place taking into account the pedagogical conditions developed and justified by us, this will lead to the successful formation of professional and pedagogical self-educational competence of future primary school teachers, since professional and pedagogical self-educational competence is not formed by default, for its formation, it is necessary to create adequate pedagogical conditions in the educational process of the university. Results. At present, there is an obvious contradiction between the need to prepare future primary school teachers through national values in the educational process of universities for successful professional and pedagogical self-education in a rapidly changing world, taking into account the transformation of the content of education from knowledge-centered to competence-based, and its insufficient development in modern higher pedagogical educational institutions and specialized scientific literature. Conclusions. National values allow the state to ensure its sovereignty, the continuity of generations, the identity and traditions of the people, so future primary school teachers through continuous self-education should be able to develop and apply current technologies for instilling them in younger schoolchildren.