Education Institutions In Brazil Research Articles

Entrepreneurship and innovation - Feasibility study on sustainable residential food production through Aquaponics

The complexity of today's reality drives the insertion of new ideas into the educational context, with empowering projects that impact social, economic and environmental systems, generating sustainable opportunities. Entrepreneurship in higher education institutions in Brazil requires innovative approaches, beyond isolated disciplines, to promote a sustainable entrepreneurial culture and contribute to community development. Faced with social needs, questions arise about projects that promote individual and collective training, meeting demands for interprofessional training in the social, economic and environmental spheres.

HodgeRank as a new tool to explore the structure of a social representation

Social representation theory is a branch of social psychology that aims to identify the framework of concepts, ideas, opinions, beliefs, or feelings shared by the individuals within a social group, regarding a social object. Two main problems arise in this theory. The first concerns the identification of the content of the representation, which is the set of cognitive elements shared by the group; the second concerns its structure, which is the way these elements are organized and related among themselves. It is desirable that the methods to address these problems be simple, in regards to the feasibility of the data collection, and reliable, in the sense that they should provide a clear picture of the content and the structure of the representation. No single method proposed in the literature until now fully satisfies these features at the same time. Here we propose the use of HodgeRank, a global ranking method based on the Hodge combinatorial theory, as a new tool to explore the structure of a social representation. In this proposal, the input data is the same as those required for the hierarchical word associations, which is the main method in the field of social representations. However, the HodgeRank provides richer results when compared to the usual approach to analysing this kind of data, based on the Vergés’ double-entry table. The main outcome of the HodgeRank is a graph, analogous to an electric circuit, from which some structural elements of the representation can already be identified. Moreover, the HodgeRank technique identifies the sources of inconsistencies between the global ranking and the aggregated answers within the social group. We interpret such inconsistencies in terms of the stability of the representation and use them to raise conjectures about the potential dynamics of the representation. We illustrate the application of this method in the study of a social representation of COVID-19 within a group of students and also within a group of faculty members from higher education institutions in Brazil.

THE PROS AND CONS OF ARTICLE 207 OF THE 1988 FEDERAL CONSTITUTION OF BRAZIL

Purpose: This article focuses on Article 207 of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution. It then discusses the pros and cons of this article, which gives full rights to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in relation to their teaching and administrative autonomy. The social problem is as follows: Do HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) violate the law or not, as they are protected by Article 207 of the 1988 Brazilian Constitution? The aim of this study is to show how HEIs use Article 207 (BRAZIL, 1988) in their selection processes for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Brazil.
 Method: This investigation used the Experience Report as its method and the qualitative approach as its approach.
 Results and Discussion: The results of this study show that HEIs do violate the law. Unfortunately, there seems to be no supervision by public bodies, except when the MEC (Ministry of Education) or another recognized body visits these institutions to qualify or disqualify their courses at national level and even internationally (institutions other than the MEC). On these occasions, unfortunately, many camouflages are made by these HEIs. Reading this article, it becomes clear that the university autonomy of Article 207 of the 1988 Federal Constitution (BRAZIL, 1988) does not in fact guarantee democracy within the HEIs, especially when it comes to entering and remaining as a student, teacher and/or employee/servant, especially in public HEIs.
 Implications of the Research: This experience report explores the possibility of re-evaluating Article 207 of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, to the extent that the autonomy guaranteed to Higher Education Institutions in Brazil is more effective, linked to constant inspections by public authorities without prior warning. Thus, it is understood that, although "enslaved" to a higher order represented by the Brazilian government and the legislation in force in Brazil, Brazilian universities will indeed be secular and for everyone.
 Originality/Value: This research and article, although short, raises for discussion a crucial point for guaranteeing democracy in access to higher education and postgraduate studies in Brazil, which is little debated. There is a lot of talk about autonomy within Brazilian universities today. However, there is little questioning of this autonomy and how harmful and lethal it can be to democracy within them.

Os caminhos do entrincheiramento no serviço público: uma análise longitudinal em multigrupos

Abstract Little more than a decade separates this research from the first academic proposition of organizational entrenchment. To date, no longitudinal research has been carried out despite the recognized importance of this method for enriching studies in the behavioral field. This research aimed to identify characteristics of organizational entrenchment among civil servants at federal educational institutions in Brazil based on a longitudinal assessment of latent profiles. A quantitative and longitudinal survey was carried out with 1060 participants in the first collection. Descriptive analysis, comparison of means, and latent transition analysis were carried out. The civil servants in the sample showed low levels of entrenchment. Among the main findings are the stability of the profiles formed by the civil servants and the higher averages found in the dimensions of adjustments to social position and impersonal bureaucratic arrangements, reinforcing some cross-sectional theoretical findings. The results help to guide managers on the importance of internal factors for the entrenchment of civil servants and how attention to the items in the dimension of adjustments to social position can favor working with this bond. This research found that, over time, entrenchment is a stable bond.

Chemical residues that originate from a higher education institution in Brazil

In 2018, a research study was conducted at a Public University in Brazil to investigate the quantity of chemical residues produced during laboratory activities in undergraduate engineering courses. Data was collected from control documents maintained by the institution responsible for recording waste quantities. The results showed that 383.2 liters of solutions were generated with varying compositions. Inorganic solutions without heavy metals produced the highest volume of waste, while halogenated organic solutions produced the smallest. The study highlights the need for better waste segregation and disposal methods to reduce laboratory waste. To minimize the environmental impact of laboratory activities, implementing measures such as proper waste storage, waste exchange, recycling, reverse logistics, and life cycle assessment is essential. Educational institutions need to develop better waste management practices to reduce the amount of waste in landfills.

Comparative Analysis of Teaching Methodologies Adopted by Accounting Teachers at a Higher Education Institution in Brazil and Angola

Comparative Analysis of Teaching Methodologies Adopted by Accounting Teachers at a Higher Education Institution in Brazil and Angola

Seeing Race Like a State: Higher Education Affirmative Action Verification Commissions in Brazil

ABSTRACTA growing body of literature has focused on how different states continuously “make race” by legitimizing certain racial categories while invisibilizing others. Much less has been written on the actual processes of transforming race into a bureaucratic category when implementing antiracist public policies. This article focuses on the recent use of verification commissions to validate the racial self-identification of potential beneficiaries of racial quotas at federal higher education institutions in Brazil. We argue that through their choices, particularly through their definition of what race is, of who can see race, and of how to see race, these commissions are transforming not only understandings about affirmative action’s aims but also understandings of race. The study focuses on three potential consequences of commission practices for Brazilian racial boundaries: the disciplining of racial identifications, the decontextualization of race, and the individualization of racial injustice.

Remote Pedagogical practices in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered many changes, including the need for physical distancing to reduce the spread of the new coronavirus, known as SARS-CoV-2. As a result, Brazilian educational institutions, both public and private, had to resort to a special regime to continue their classes. Considering this context, this research aims to identify applications and programs, in addition to their relevance, used in remote teaching. The technical processes used were bibliographic, documentary, and ethnographic research. For this purpose, we developed a questionnaire via Google Forms and the data were subjected to descriptive and qualitative analysis. It was possible to conclude that education professionals and students were not prepared to change the way of teaching and learning. Thus, continuing education, including technologies and institutional resources, is of particular relevance for education.

Teaching Methodology for Topography: Didactic Proposal for the Free Station Survey Method

This article presents an innovative proposal for teaching Topography topics, as there are no qualified official publications on the subject of study referring to topographic positioning by the free station method, resulting in a shortage of didactic material on this topic in educational institutions in Brazil. Thus, the research work resulted from the didactics applied in the Topography discipline, of the UFPE's Cartographic Engineering degree program. It was proposed to the students to accomplish some practices of the free station method during the Topography discipline development. Thus, the students carried out a theoretical study on the topic. Subsequently, field work was developed with topographic equipment containing a program for surveying by free station method. Topographic vertices of the cadastral reference network of the “Joaquim Amazonas” campus of UFPE served as reference and adjustment points. A comparative analysis of the results calculated manually with the results obtained by the internal programs of the topographic equipment was carried out, using the official coordinates of the cadastral network as references. A program was developed in MATLAB for fixing the learning, whose results were also compared with the same official reference coordinates. This made it possible to generate a complete quantitative statistical analysis of the results.

The Effects of Exchange Experience on the Professional Identity Constitution of Undergraduates from CEFET-MG

International academic mobility programs are increasingly expanding, mainly due to the process of institutionalization of Brazilian educational institutions. The exchange experience can enable greater foreign language learning, intercultural, academic, and professional development of students, and a partnership network, which can contribute to future partnerships and/or job opportunities. Thus, the objective of this work was to understand some effects of meaning in the Campus Divinópolis CEFET-MG undergraduate students’ identity constitution, due to their experience studying abroad, in addition to identifying the representations that emerge in the discourse of the subjects participating in the research in relation to international exchange. This is qualitative research and the instruments we used to form the corpus were written autobiographical narratives and semi-structured interviews with the subjects participating in this study via Google Meet. Then, this study has an interpretive nature, as it allows different interpretations of the collected material. Four students from the Mechatronics Engineering course participated in our research, who, when narrating their experiences, brought their representations to life. The importance of exchange for personal, academic, and professional growth reverberated in the participants' statements, allowing constant identity transformation. Finally, this study can contribute to a better understanding of the need for the internationalization process of our institution, allowing an evaluation of international academic mobility programs, in addition to encouraging other students to seek these opportunities offered by the institution.

Technological tools in teaching and learning in brazilian educational institutions

This study aims to reflect on the technological tools that help teaching and learning published at the Brazilian Meeting of Graduate Students in Mathematics Education (EBRAPEM) between 2017 and 2019. Based on the inclusion criteria, 130 were found articles published at the Meeting, however, when analyzing the exclusion criteria, 29 studies remained to be analyzed. Among the results, it is informed that GeoGebra is the most present tool in the articles, having a great flexibility of use, as it serves age groups from Basic Education to Higher Education. The selected studies address with concern the social differences that impede access to learning tools in schools in all regions of Brazil and draw the attention of teachers who are already in the profession to the need to update and seek to know these technologies that are inevitable in today's world. Finally, the study reveals different acceptances of learning tools in Brazilian regions, with less evidence of use of the tools in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil.

Panorama of Undergraduate Research in Brazil: Profile, Scientific Production, and Perceptions

Undergraduate Research (UR) is an institutional program that introduces undergraduate students to scientific research. The program selects research projects proposed by advisors and students for execution. Despite the importance of knowing the stages of research activities in undergraduate research, only a few studies have evaluated data on this subject. Therefore, this study aims to outline an overview of UR in a Brazilian educational institution, considering the profiles of students and advisors, students’ scientific productions, and perceptions about the experience of both. The study was a mixed-approach case study conducted through a questionnaire and interviews. The sample consisted of 213 undergraduate students and 167 UR supervisors. The results show that the largest group of students were aged 21 and 22 (46.6%) and supervisors 33 to 38 years (38.9%). Regarding the scientific productions of students, those who participated twice or more in undergraduate research had higher indicators compared to those who were participating for the first time. Students’ perceptions of their evolution and perceptions of the advisors were mostly positive, with a greater number of responses classified as very good to good. Thus, the satisfaction of researchers in being part of this experience was perceived and the need to improve the scientific production indicators of students, mediated by the advisors stimulating the writing of articles, abstracts, and books, as well as participation in events and patent development, was shown. We conclude that undergraduate research activities promote the integral development of students’ academic, scientific, personal, and professional terms, which ultimately reflect critical and emancipatory actions in society.

Undefined Socio-Affective Scenarios in a Virtual Learning Environment

There is a growing number of virtual courses being offered by Brazilian educational institutions, requiring the development of technological resources and research to assist in the teaching and learning processes in Distance Education (DE). The analysis of the students’ socio-affective profiles in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) enables possibilities to develop methodologies and/or resources to better understand them. The Social Map (SM) and Affective Map (AM), both features of the Cooperative Learning Network (ROODA in Portuguese), provide inferences and graphic presentations of students' socio-affective profiles. Thus, this article aims to identify students with Undefined Socio-affective Scenarios in a VLE, based on Learning Analytics (LA). LA is defined as the measurement, collection, and analysis of data. This qualitative and quantitative research approach was carried out based on 10 case studies. The target audience was divided between 77 undergraduate students, 29 graduate students, 27 elderly people, and 86 professors who participated in teaching activities at a Brazilian public university. Data collected from the SM and AM were extracted in order to identify the relationship between these two aspects. The result was 18 Socio-affective Scenarios using LA and the identification of 108 Pedagogical Strategies to contribute to the analysis of students’ learning profiles.

LANGUAGE OF AIRCRAFT DOCUMENTATION: USING A MULTILINGUAL CORPUS IN COLLABORATIVE WORK IN LEXICOGRAPHY AND PEDAGOGY

This paper describes collaborative work by two higher education institutions in Brazil and China that joined forces to build a corpus with a view to investigating the language of aircraft maintenance documentation for teaching and lexicography purposes. The corpus consists of three languages, including English, with Chinese and Portuguese still under construction. The paper opens with an overview of language-related studies in the aircraft maintenance field, drawing attention to this specific niche and its demands. It discusses trials already performed with the English and Chinese sub-corpora, challenges faced, and the importance of task-sharing in multidisciplinary teams. It emphasizes the need to combine linguistics and professional expertise not only to develop materials for the aviation industry but also to assist the development of trainees who can experience a professional setting during their education. The corpus will be used in (among others) preparing pedagogical material for teaching not only aircraft maintenance personnel but also pilots and air traffic controllers. The corpus will also serve as a lexicographic resource for designing a visual dictionary with collocates and constructing trilingual glossaries.

Analysis of body mass and food consumption of university students of the male sex in Brazil

This study aimed to characterize food intake, body weight and self-perception about weight among university men of a Higher Education Institution in Brazil. Cross-sectional study, conducted in 2019, with a representative sample of 375 university students, using a validated questionnaire. Regarding nutritional assessment, most of them were classified as eutrophic (61.3%). It is noteworthy that 31.5% were overweight (overweight and obesity). Although most (42.6%) of the students realized that they were at normal weight, when the other categories (below or overweight) are added, 57.4% indicated these options. Asked about attitudes towards the current weight, 33.9% answered that they were not doing something and 14.3% indicated that they were trying to maintain them. Adding to the other options, 48.2% tried to lose or win. Most of them did not diet, exercise, use of weight loss medications in the 30 days prior to the research. Regarding physical activity in the week prior to the survey, 37.1% did not practice. On food intake the previous day, most consumed fruits, vegetables or boiled vegetables at least once. On the consumption of fast food (hamburger, coxinha, snacks or french fries), 53.9% did not make consumption in the previous week. Regarding biscuits, cakes or sweets, 40.8% ate once. It was observed that the interviewees presented good eating habits, however, part of them perceived their weight as not ideal. Although a small frequency indicates that you have done something (diet, exercises, use of medications) to lose weight, attention should be paid to these situations in order to monitor possible risk behaviors, highlighting universities as important spaces for help and promotion of men's health.

Design a FUZZY-TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) Model in Decision-Making with Multiple Criteria for the Implementation of Telecommuting in a Public Higher Education Institute

This article aimed to analyze the decision-making process regarding the implementation of telecommuting in a Public Higher Education Institution in Brazil. The basis for telecommuting was the ‘Normative Instruction of the Federal Government (IN 65 of July 30, 2020)’ and the ‘University Council Resolution N° 213, of December 6, 2021’, which provide alternative frameworks (theoretical or legal aspects) for conducting telecommuting. These frameworks encompass fully remote work or a hybrid approach, where different sectors alternate between in-person and remote work to maintain face-to-face services. By employing the FUZZY-TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) approach, it becomes possible to hierarchize the alternatives and establish a systematic analysis, thereby reducing the inherent subjectivity in the decision-making process. This approach facilitates informed decision-making regarding future actions related to the implementation of telecommuting.

O que nudes e divulgação não autorizada de imagens íntimas têm a lembrar à escola?

Abstract The practice among students of sharing photos that expose the nudity of girls has been experienced in most educational institutions in Brazil and around the world. Several cases reported in the media portray situations of humiliation and persecution that may lead, in addition to psychological damage, to problems in social relationships, lowering performance, school dropout and even suicide. The aim of this work was to discuss the relationships that have been established at school in the face of the practice of sharing naked self-portraits and the unauthorized dissemination of intimate images of girls. Twenty-seven in-depth interviews were carried out with girls and women from different Brazilian regions who had their intimacy exposed at different times in their lives, in addition to health and social care professionals who assisted adolescents and adult women who went through this situation. The data pointed to practices of negligence in relation to situations of violence, blaming girls and unpreparedness to guide questions concerning the experience of sexuality in a pleasant and healthy way. It was observed that these new practices of sexuality and violence against girls have resumed, in institutions, the opposition between manifestation of sexuality and good school performance. It argues for an education in sexuality based on the issue of desire.

Sintomas de estresse, ansiedade e depressão em estudantes universitários durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Abstract Objective Investigate how the exposure to the disease and changes in work conditions influenced the perception of stress, anxiety, and depression levels. Method 405 students from Higher Education Institutions in Brazil answered an online form composed of a sociodemographic and exposure to COVID-19 questionnaire and stress, anxiety, and depression scales. Results It was observed that the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among the participants was 56.8%, 41.7%, and 37.0%, respectively. Furthermore, stress assumed a role as a mediator of levels of anxiety and depression. Conclusion The data from this study can support the development of institutional actions that help students to better handle the difficulties arising from the pandemic and/or other sources of stressors that impact academic life.

PESQUISAS SOBRE VIOLÊNCIA NA ESCOLA E A MÍDIA

ABSTRACT: There is a significant interest in the phenomenon of "violence" in different areas of knowledge, including Education. This article presents the results of an investigation that collected, described, and analyzed academic productions (theses and dissertations) around the theme "violence at school" reported in the media, defended and published from the 2000s onwards. Based on the theoretical-methodological formulations of Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis, the research mapped works that examined the role of media in the conception, understanding, and dissemination of violent cases in the school environment. In this article, we considered the following criteria for treating the analyzed materialities: a) author profiles; b) research focus; c) methods and techniques; and d) references, followed by brief notes on the information collected. The data allowed us to understand better the production of knowledge about how violence in Brazilian educational institutions is reported in newspapers, magazines, radio, and other means. We hope this review can contribute to future investigations and understanding of the current state of academic interest in the topic.

Organic chemistry manuscript in pandemic times

In the 1990s and 2000s, several countries underwent important and significant changes in their universities. Likewise, in Brazil, due to the implementation of several government programs, there was an expansion of higher education and made possible a greater access to graduation. At the beginning of 2020, the world was threatened by COVID-19, several restrictive measures were implemented by government and private entities to contain the spread of the disease. In this way, Brazilian educational institutions were forced to temporarily suspend their in-person activities in order to promote social distancing. They soon found themselves in the challenge of implementing teaching methodological changes to continue the activities, in an emergency and remote way, since the outbreak of the disease did not stop within months and there was no prediction of when it would occur. This study aims to evaluate the performance of students at the Federal University of São João del-Rei at the Sete Lagoas campus in the discipline of Organic Chemistry, in the Food Engineering, Agronomic Engineering, Forestry Engineering and Interdisciplinary Biosystems courses in the two semesters of 2018 with 223 students and during the two semesters of the first year of emergency remote teaching (2020) with 337 students, drawing a parallel between them in order to raise the impacts of remote teaching for the discipline of Organic Chemistry.