Economic Interrelationships Research Articles

CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN THE ECONOMIC SOCIALIZATION OF STUDENT YOUTH

The article delves into the challenges associated with the economic socialization of young students in contemporary Ukrainian society. It asserts that the shift towards a new paradigm of economic development, accompanied by profound changes in belief systems, orientations, and mentalities, necessitates early involvement of children in economic activities. Primary economic education is deemed a vital factor in economic socialization as it significantly influences a child's attitudes towards material and spiritual values, contributing to the overall formation of their personality. In the present stage of societal reforms and development, it is crucial to foster a level of economic knowledge that enables students to comprehend economic interrelationships not only in theory but also in practical applications. Recognizing the importance of cultivating an economic culture within individuals and society, the article emphasizes the need for humanization and humanitarianization of education to facilitate comprehensive personal development. A key aspect of this process is increasing the number of hours dedicated to teaching social subjects, including economics. The article underscores the significance of economic education amidst global socio-political and economic transformations and its relevance in enabling successful socialization of individuals within the new economic realities of Ukrainian society. As part of the broader socialization process and the formation of economic culture, researchers and practitioners emphasize the preparation of students for entrepreneurial activities. Three levels of preparation for entrepreneurial engagement are identified, encompassing worldview, advanced training in economic disciplines, and the development of personal entrepreneurial qualities, such as mobility and adaptability in dynamic market conditions. The article highlights the critical issue of preparing students for advanced professional education, which can be accomplished through specialized training programs such as "Small business accounting manager" and "Small business manager with the basics of information technologies" (two years of study). To facilitate effective learning, a combination of lectures, workshops, seminars, discussions, and the simulation of diverse economic situations is recommended.

Critical Market Tipping Points for High-Grade White Oak Inventory Decline in the Central Hardwood Region of the United States

Abstract This study expands the spatial scope of the Subregional Timber Supply (SRTS) model to include states in the central hardwood region and examine critical market tipping points of high-grade (large diameter) white oak under a set of illustrative scheduled demand scenarios. In light of the growing concern for future white oak timber supply, we illustrate the sensitivity of future inventory tipping points to market structure and price responsiveness. Particularly, we examined the importance of market demand parameters, including growth rates for product demand and supply/demand elasticities, in influencing future inventory trajectories in different subregions over the projection horizon. Results of this study indicate that more elastic demand and more inelastic supply response concomitantly defers the time before inventory culminates. This modeling framework shows promise in examining key ecological, climatic, and economic interrelationships that will drive future resource changes.

Resort Economy Business: Disparities in Investment Activity and Development Benefits

The aim and task of the research consists in substantiating the resort economy as a branch; determination of the types of business activity that are part of it; methodical approaches development to identify disparities in investing in the resort sector; recommendations of economic relationships formation to attract investments in business industry. Research methods. The theoretical basis and results of the article are compiled by theoretical generalization and a systematic approach methods to determine the resort economy conceptual basis and essential content and the types of business activities that are part of it. Methodological recommendations are used for evaluating development of the resort economy indicators, which include indicators of economic, social and environmental growth. They are statistical and grapho-analytical methods of displaying results. Methods of randomization and adapted financing methods (mixed, mezzanine, subsidized). The results. Research actualizes the need of the resort economy industry development with existing commercial establishments by social vacation needs in the following areas: physical activity, wellness tourism, mental health, dietetics, traditional and complementary medicine, thermal/mineral wellness, rehabilitation, and cosmetology due to the use of natural healing factors (balneological, mud, climatic and related). The main investment disproportions in resort economy business arose from institutional imperfections, the lack of information resources to reflect the industry and its social significance, the lack of statistical information and its inconsistency, the lack of redistributing financial assistance mechanism from international financial organizations that would meet the conditions of transparency in terms of subsidizing and lending not only state-owned enterprises, but also private ones, depending on the fulfillment of certification requirements and the use of modern protocols for recovery and rehabilitation. In order to overcome the disparities identified and to attract resort economy business investments was proposed transformations in institutional support, economic and ecological control levers to ensure transparent and controlled business. Stimulating investment activity algorithm by economic interrelationships scheme in the resort economy territories was suggested. Conclusions. Business activity planning depends on architectural and infrastructural state support at the resort territories. Resort economy business consists of social needs providing through natural healing assets use in health and rehabilitation. It was determined that investment flows to resort economy business depend on: proper communal infrastructure support, comprehensive technical assessment criteria application of buildings, obtaining certificates for activities, proper equipment and services, namely ISO 21426, ISO 17680. Diversification, modernization and preferences for innovative activities as creating new jobs lever, taking into account ecosystems value in the process of improving the population.

STRATEGIC PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Purpose. The aim of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the strategic planning process in the management system of sustainable development of territorial communities. Methodology of research. The basis of the study is the paradigm of the sustainable development strategy, which is based on the methodology of systemic and process-functional approaches and the use of a set of methods that determine the purpose of specific applied tasks. The article uses general research methods based on the principles of analyzing the processes of social and ecological, economic interrelationships. Findings. The approach to the formation of an effective management system for the sustainable development of territorial communities, which is based on the application of strategic territory planning tools, as a social and ecological, economic system, taking into account its potential and spatial features, is substantiated. It has been proven that the formation of predictive scenarios for the sustainable development of the territorial community, necessary for strategic planning, should be based on a model that reflects the state and trends of indicators of such development and reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the strategic object, as well as opportunities and threats when making management decisions. Originality. In order to systematically interpret the category "strategic planning of sustainable development of territorial communities", it is presented in the form of successive interconnected stages and constituent elements: strategic analysis, strategic vision, strategy, strategic plan. Practical value. Unlike the existing ones, the proposed approach involves taking into account the social and ecological, economic features of the territories as a result of the management entity's activities and allows it to determine the strategic positions of the territorial community taking into account the system of potentials, to choose from alternative options the optimal strategy for its sustainable development, as well as to develop a strategic the plan is aimed at achieving strategic goals. Key words: territorial community, strategy, planning, sustainable development, management.

Screening for light crude oil and market comovements

This study aimed to perform a screening for economic interrelationships among market participants from the stock market, global stock indices, and commodities from fossil energy, agricultural, and the metals sector. Particular focus was put on the comovements of the light crude oil benchmarks West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude oil. In finance research and the crude oil markets, identifying novel groupings and interactions is a fundamental requirement due to the extended impact of crude oil price fluctuations on economic growth and inflation. Thus, it is of high interest for investors to identify market players and interactions that appear sensitive to crude oil price volatility triggers. The price development of 14 stocks, 25 leading global indices, and 13 commodity prices, including WTI and Brent, were analyzed via data mining applying the hierarchical correlation cluster mapping technique. All price data comprised the period from January 2012 – December 2018 and were based on daily returns. The technique identifies and visualizes existing hierarchical clusters and correlation patterns emphasizing comovements that indicate positively correlated processes. The method successfully identified clustering patterns and a series of relevant and partly unexpected novel comovements in all investigated economic sectors. Although additional research is required to reveal the causative factors, the study offers an insight into in-depth market interrelationships.

Embedding environmental, economic and social indicators in the evaluation of the sustainability of the municipalities of Galicia (northwest of Spain)

Cities today are dense networks of interchanging investments, information, goods and people, as well as centers of innovation and knowledge management. In such a complex framework of housing, social and economic interrelationships, cities become large consumers of resources and producers of greenhouse gases. Therefore, and in order to preserve resources and guarantee social services and the well-being of citizens, planning and policy actions are required that contribute to achieving sustainable growth. Beyond the environmental perspective, a socio-economic analysis is essential to make a comprehensive sustainability diagnosis of urban and rural systems. This paper presents a methodology for sustainability assessment, based on 38 indicators that include the three pillars of sustainability: social, economic and environmental. To carry out this assessment, 64 municipalities out of 313 located in Galicia (Northwest Spain) were selected and classified in three categories according to their population size (Medium Size, Small Size and Village). Moreover, two weighting methods have been considered (equal weighting and measured weighting attributed through Analytic Hierarchy Process method). The results show that most sustainable municipalities are located in the north of the region. On the other hand, regardless of the weighting method, 57% of the medium-sized municipalities are rated sustainable compared to 45% of those of the categories of Village and Small Size categories. Therefore, municipal size is relevant for measuring sustainability and there are no significant differences between the results obtained with the two weighting methodologies, indicating that the method developed is robust and could be applied to other municipalities and cities.

ANALYSIS OF EGYPTIAN AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN TRADE WITH THE COUNTRIES OF THE EURO - ASIAN UNION

The study aims at identifying the analysis of the Egyptian agricultural foreign trade with the countries of the Euro-Asian Union. The study problem , its objectives and the research method Where identified in the study. Where , there is a lack of information on the expected results or the role that the proposed free trade agreement between Egypt and the Euro-Asian Union could play and the requirements for maximizing the positive results and minimizing the negative consequences if this agreement is signed. Therefore, the research aims to identify the positive and negative results on the Egyptian economy under the proposed agreement, which contributes to reducing the negatives and supporting the positive factors to achieve effective decision-making. The study included four chapters. First, identifying the stages of economic integration. The second chapter was studying the economic interrelationships between the Russian Federation, Egypt, Belarus, Armenia and Kazakhstan, and the third chapter was the identification of commodity trade relations between Egypt and Eurasian countries during the period 2001-2017 through exports and imports between Egypt and the countries of the Euro-Asian Union The most important trading partner of Egypt among these countries is the Russian Federation, where the value of trade exchange between the two countries in 2017 to more than 4 billion dollars, including 3.6 billion imports to Egypt and 0.5 billion exports from Egypt to Russia, The fourth chapter was the use of trade indicators to reveal trade opportunities with the countries of the Euro-Asian Customs Union. Three indicators were used: 1- Conditions of trade, 2- Agricultural trade compatibility, 3- Price competitiveness, The tendency of the terms of exchange for Egypt in many commodities of vegetables and fruits in the studied markets and the most important Russian market and it shows the agricultural trade compatibility of these commodities and the advantage of some Egyptian commodities such as oranges, potatoes and grapes have a significant competitive advantage in the Russian market with great importance. The research included several recommendations, including the promotion of intraagricultural trade between Egypt and the EuroAsian countries through preferential agreements, especially with Russia, Armenia and Kazakhstan.

The Impact of Ownership on the Structures Based on Division Between Policies and Companies

The article reflects the features of dividend payments in large domestic companies. This implies the need to use econometric models to measure the quantitative and qualitative economic interrelationships of dividend payments and their growth factors. The result of the study is a methodical approach to assessing the growth factors of dividend payments based on linear multi-factor regression models. The authors propose the construction of a linear multi-factor regression in the Gretl software environment in order to identify the relationship between dividend payments and growth factors based on specific economic data. The study confirmed the hypothesis about the problem of agency conflict and payment of lower dividends in the conditions of concentration of shares in the hands of the majority owner. The empirical estimates of the parameters of the regression models presented in the article argued the hypothesis that public companies, which have a state as a majority shareholder send a smaller share of net profit to pay dividends than private companies, and an increase in borrowed funds in the company’s capital structure leads to a decrease in dividend payments. However, the hypothesis of a direct relationship between the size of the company and the size of dividend payments was rejected. This can be explained by the fact that the sample includes the largest Russian companies with a majority owner. In the future, researchers can perform more detailed measurements of the determinants of dividend policy, taking into account branch-wise and sectoral features of the economy.

Seaports and Their Impact on the Regional Economy: the Current State and Development Prospects

The functioning of the seaports of Vanino and Sovetskaya Gavan is analyzed as a pole of economic growth of the region. The branches of industrial production have been studied and promising industries have been identified, which are estimated as the driver of the economic growth of the Khabarovsk Krai. An assessment of the interrelationships between the activities of the seaports and the economy of the Khabarovsk Territory was carried out. The emphasis is on assessing the volume of cargo produced in the Khabarovsk Krai. On the basis of the author’s method, the cost and natural ratio of the transport and economic interrelationships between the seaports of Vanino and Sovetskaya Gavan with industries and regions are determined. The grouping of cargoes into four main categories (raw materials, materials, semifinished products and equipment), which allows to separate raw materials and materials from goods with added value. Effects estimates for the economy of the Khabarovsk Krai, generated by the seaports, are obtained. The conditions for the formation of a port transportation and infrastructure complex as the poles of Khabarovsk Krai’s economic growth for the future are determined. In this vein, economic effects are determined for Khabarovsk Krai on three levels: the port area, the port region and other regions. The forecasted estimation of economic effects on three variants for the Khabarovsk Krai is made. The results show that not always economic benefits from a well-functioning seaport are localized in the port region, while negative impacts are spreading in the port region itself.

Macro-regional differentiation of the world: Authors’ concept and its application

Abstract This article is a continuation of the same authors’ study entitled ‘Concepts And Delimitation Of The World’s Macro-Regions’ prepared for the 1/2018 of this journal (Anděl et al. 2018). The main aim of the first part was an evaluation of the concepts and factors which have been used as a basis for the delimitation of the different macro-regions of the world. In this second part, the authors propose their own macro-regionalisation of the world – this is a combination of four concepts, with relatively different contents: those of De Blij and Muller (1997), Cole (1996), Huntington (1996) and Hampl (2009). This macro-regionalisation arises from sociocultural affiliation, economic interrelationships and territorial continuity. Along with the concept of the macro-regional differentiation of the world itself, we focus on evaluating the importance of the shaping of macro-regions, as well as assessing the positive and negative features of individual concepts and their influence on the macro-regional differentiation of the world.

Size diversity in Swiss Bronze Age cattle.

To date, osteometric data for Swiss Bronze Age cattle, particularly from Alpine sites, are scarce. In the present study, using a large dataset generated by combining preexisting data with recent data obtained from a large Alpine site, cattle size from the Late Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age (LBA) in populations from different sites and regions was evaluated using the logarithmic size index and other statistical analysis. Additionally, the finite mixture model and a meta‐analytic technique were used to observe possible effects of sex ratios on cattle size. Results indicated that sex ratios did not affect size distribution. Cattle populations did not differ over time, but the Alpine cattle were smaller than the Central Plateau cattle. There were two distinct sizes in the Alpine cattle populations. It is suggested that the different economic interrelationships between Alpine and other geographically related communities might have led to the emergence of size diversity in Swiss Bronze Age cattle. Further interdisciplinary studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these possibilities.

El mercado de la traducción de planta en Lima (Perú)

En los últimos años, los servicios de traducción han cobrado mayor importancia, debido a la globalización y a las nuevas interrelaciones económicas. El mercado peruano no se encuentra exento a esta realidad, y los servicios de traducción han incrementado su demanda.Por tal motivo, se decide realizar esta aproximación hacia el estudio del mercado de la traducción de planta en Lima –Perú, cuyo foco estuvo puesto sobre los traductores profesionales. Planteado como un estudio de caso, el siguiente texto se elabora a partir del contraste de información recolectada a través de una serie de entrevistas y algunos estudios previos al respecto y tiene por objetivo comprender la situación del traductor de planta en la actualidad: las ventajas y desventajas de su labor y los desafíos que debe enfrentar.

Subsidies in Aviation

Relatively little attention has been paid to the existence of subsidies in aviation. As the sector’s importance for economic development is often highlighted, this paper seeks to provide a conceptual overview of the various forms of subsidies in aviation, as a contribution to a more holistic understanding of economic interrelationships. Based on a purposive sampling strategy, existing forms of subsidies are identified and categorized along the value chain. Focus is on industrialized countries, for which more information is available. Results indicate that significant subsidies are extended to manufacturers, infrastructure providers and airlines. These contribute to global economic growth related to aviation, but they also influence capacity in global aviation markets, strengthen the market position of individual airlines, and create conflicts between airlines and the countries they are based in. While the actual scale of subsidies cannot be determined within the scope of this paper, it provides a discussion of options to empirically assess the effects of aviation subsidies on market outcomes. Finally, general conclusions regarding the impact of subsidies on the overall sustainability of the air transport sector are drawn: These include rapidly growing capacity in the aviation system, economic vulnerabilities, and negative climate change related impacts. Results call for a better understanding of the distribution, character and implications of subsidies.

Economic Interrelationships and Impacts of the Aviation/Aerospace Industry in the State of Florida Using Input-Output Analysis

The study provided a detailed description of the interrelatedness of the aviation and aerospace industry with principal industries in Florida and Volusia County (VC) using Input-Output (IO) analysis. The economic impact measures included not only direct economic output and industry employment descriptions but also described the multiplier effects in the form of indirect and induced impacts using data for 2012.

Renewable energy distribution in public spaces: analyzing the case of Ballast Point Park in Sydney, using a triple bottom line approach

As cities are rapidly developing new interventions against climate change, embedding renewable energy in public spaces is an important strategy. However, most interventions primarily include environmental sustainability while neglecting the social and economic interrelationships of electricity production. Although there is a growing interest in sustainability within environmental design and landscape architecture, public spaces are still awaiting viable energy-conscious design and assessment interventions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this issue in a renowned public space—Ballast Point Park in Sydney—using a triple bottom line (TBL) case study approach. The emerging factors and relationships of each component of TBL, within the context of public open space, are identified and discussed. With specific focus on renewable energy distribution in and around Ballast Point Park, the paper concludes with a general design framework, which conceptualizes an optimal distribution of on-site electricity produced from renewable sources embedded in public open spaces.

Where Do they Go, Whom Do they Consult and Why? Health Seeking Behaviors of Pregnant Women Among Fishermen Community in Rural Sylhet

The situation of pregnancy and childbirth related morbidity and mortality is worse in Bangladesh because of low utilization of maternal health services. This situation is much more vulnerable among fishermen community than that of the majority community of Bangladesh due to their marginalized and disadvantaged status. Based on a qualitative investigation this article investigates the determinants of health seeking behavior and their influence on health service utilization among the pregnant women of fishermen community in Sylhet region. The findings reveal that women's culturally and socially determined roles greatly impair their health and play an important role in health seeking behavior through a complex web of social, economic, religious, cultural and behavioral interrelationships and synergies that pervade every aspect of their life. It also reveals that only infrastructural development cannot ensure the success in health sector, changing people's behavior through health promotion and building awareness is the key to bring success in this area.

Geographies of interdependence

ABSTRACTInterdependence is a potentially powerful conceptual tool that can help geography researchers, teachers and learners to make sense of complex social, economic, cultural and ecological interrelationships. As this article shows, ‘interdependence’ is a concept with a history. It begins with a summary of the political, policy and cultural uses of the term across the last century. The range of different disciplines that have worked with interdependence is indicated, including geographical and international relations research. Some of the hazards of working with the concept, and its promiscuity, are offered. The concept has proven, however, to be a valuable reference point in developing thinking about the geographies of vulnerability and responsibility. Finally, the article closes with a look at the work of the Interdependence Day project-an interdisciplinary team (of which I am a member). The article concludes that thinking in terms of interdependence not only helps to sketch out relationships and consequences in ways that respect complexities, but also informs any action.

中国沿海地域が日本経済に及ぼした影響

中国沿海地域が日本経済に及ぼした影響

Is everything just a game? From the discrete to the continuous time modeling of corporate strategy games

Strategy games are a very popular part of today’s management training in education and business. Complex economic interrelationships can be illustrated and interdependencies of economic decisions may be better understood. Most of the business games work with a discrete time model, i.e. decisions are made once for an entire time period which is usually half of a fiscal year. This time modeling is an improper representation of reality and leads to many comprehension problems on the participants’ side, e.g. concerning the effectiveness of decision parameters. This paper presents a strategy game with continuous time modeling in which, in addition to the planning at the beginning of a period, a detailed planning can be done during the period and interventions in the decision process can be made on a daily basis. An illustration of a possible temporary course during a continuous-time game is given. Several scenarios are discussed that have unfavorable results in the usual periodic time modeling. They are then compared to the more realistic modeling in the continuous time strategy game. Maintaining the long-term planning process and the method of debriefing, i.e. the discussion of success parameters and reports at the end of each period, the participants’ comprehension for processes in a company can thus be considerably augmented.

SIFNP: Simulation-Based Interval-Fuzzy Nonlinear Programming for Seasonal Planning of Stream Water Quality Management

A simulation-based interval-fuzzy nonlinear programming (SIFNP) approach was developed for seasonal planning of stream water quality management. The techniques of inexact modeling, nonlinear programming, and interval-fuzzy optimization were incorporated within a general framework. Based on a multi-segment stream water quality simulation model, dynamic waste assimilative capacity of a river system within a multi-season context was considered in the optimization process. The method could not only address complexities of various system uncertainties but also tackle nonlinear environmental–economic interrelationships in water quality management problems. In addition, interval-fuzzy numbers were introduced to reflect the dual uncertainties, i.e., imprecision associated with fixing the lower and upper bounds of membership functions. The proposed method was applied to a case of water quality management in the Guoyang section of the Guo River in China. Interval solutions reflecting the inherent uncertainties were generated, and a spectrum of cost-effective schemes for seasonal water quality management could thus be obtained by adjusting different combinations of the decision variables within their solution intervals. The results indicated that SIFNP could effectively communicate dual uncertainties into the optimization process and help decision makers to identify desired options under various complexities of system components.