Economic Impact Of Multiple Sclerosis Research Articles

The Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Look at the North American Registry for Care and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (NARCRMS) (P11-6.002)

The Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Look at the North American Registry for Care and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (NARCRMS) (P11-6.002)

POSC392 Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis from Hospital and Social Security System Perspective in Italy

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the brain and spinal cord associating with a high economic burden. The objective of this study was to estimate the socio-economic burden of MS in Italy from National Health System (NHS) and Social Security System perspective.

The Multiple Sclerosis Health Resource Utilization Survey (MS-HRS): Development and Validation Study.

BackgroundSurvey-based studies are frequently used to describe the economic impact of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there is no validated health resource survey available, preventing comparison of study results and meaningful conclusions regarding the efficiency of long-term treatments.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a tablet- and paper-based MS health resource utilization survey.MethodsWe developed and validated the Multiple Sclerosis Health Resource Utilization Survey (MS-HRS), consisting of 24 cost items for paper and tablet users. Data for validation came from two large German observational studies. Survey practicability was assessed according to the response rate. Reliability was described using test-retest reliability as well as Guttman lambda. Construct validity was assessed as convergent and discriminant validity via correlations with associated patient-reported outcomes and known-group analyses.ResultsIn total, 2207 out of 2388 (response rate: 92.4%) patients completed the survey and were included to determine psychometric properties. The test-retest reliability had an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.828 over a course of 3 months. Convergent validity analyses showed that total costs correlated positively with increased disability (r=0.411, P<.001). For discriminant validity, correlations of total costs with the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication ranged from −0.006 (convenience) to −0.216 (effectiveness). The mean annual cost was €28,203 (SD €14,808) (US $39,203; SD US $20,583) with disease-modifying therapies.ConclusionsThe MS-HRS is a multilingual, reliable, valid, electronically available, and easy-to-administer questionnaire providing a holistic cross-sectional and longitudinal assessment of resource utilization in patients with MS.

Pharmacoeconomics of synthetic therapies for multiple sclerosis

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Recently, the economic impact of multiple sclerosis (MS), which includes both direct and indirect costs, has been increasing. While direct costs comprise health-care costs, such as the cost of pharmaceuticals, additional treatments such as physiotherapy, and medical aids, indirect costs are triggered by the productivity loss of patients and caregivers. Although new drugs for MS have changed the therapeutic scenario, they have increased the direct costs of health-care services.Areas covered: This review describes the pharmacoeconomic aspects of synthetic therapies for MS. Additionally, it discusses the economic impact of the various classes of licensed disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) for relapsing forms of MS.Expert opinion: The emerging and more expensive DMTs for MS represent a considerable challenge for health-care systems and resource consumption. Future research should focus on the long-term efficacy of DMTs and the cost of treating MS in a real-life setting. Future biological and radiological biomarkers could help stratify patients at early stages of MS, helping physicians design a personalized therapeutic approach that could have a positive impact in economic terms.

The Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Look at the North American Registry for Care and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (NARCRMS) (On behalf of the NARCRMS Health Economics Outcomes Research [HEOR] Advisory Group) (P4.2-065)

The Economic Impact of Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Look at the North American Registry for Care and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (NARCRMS) (On behalf of the NARCRMS Health Economics Outcomes Research [HEOR] Advisory Group) (P4.2-065)

The economic impact of multiple sclerosis to the patients and their families in Norway

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) imposes high economic costs on society, but the patients and their families have to bear some of these costs.ObjectiveWe aimed to estimate the magnitude of these economic costs in Norway.MethodWe collected data through a postal questionnaire survey targeting 922 MS patients in Hordaland County, western Norway, in 2013–2014; 546 agreed to participate and were included. The questionnaire included clinical and demographic characteristics, volume and cost of MS-related resource use, work participation, income, government financial support, and disability status.ResultsThe mean annual total economic costs for the patients and their families were €11,603. Indirect costs accounted for 66% and were lower for women than for men. The direct costs were nearly identical for men and women. The costs increased up to Expanded Disability Status Scale score 6 except for steps between 3 and 4 where it remained nearly constant. The costs reduced from EDSS 6 to 8, and increased from 8 to 9. Lifetime costs ranged from €24,897 to €70,021 for patients with late disease onset and slow progression, and between €441,934 and €574,860 for patients with early onset and rapid progression.ConclusionThe economic costs of MS impose a heavy burden on the patients and their families. Supplementing the information on the cost of MS to society, our finding should be included as background information in decisions on reimbursing and allocating public resources for the well-being of MS patients and their families.

Cost analysis of multiple sclerosis in Brazil: a cross-sectional multicenter study.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease associated with irreversible progression of disability, which imposes a substantial socioeconomic onus. The objective of this study was to determine the economic impact of multiple sclerosis from the Brazilian household and healthcare system perspectives. Secondary objectives were to assess the impact of fatigue on daily living and health-related quality of life (HRQL) of MS patients.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study in which Brazilian eligible patients attending eight major MS specialized sites answered an interview capturing data on demographics, disease characteristics and severity, comorbidities, resource utilization, fatigue, utilities and health-related quality of life from November/2011 to May/2012 . Costs were assessed considering a prevalence-based approach within 1 year of resource consumption and were estimated by multiplying the amount used by the corresponding unit cost. Patients were classified as having mild, moderate or severe disability according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).ResultsIn total, 210 patients who met eligibility criteria were included, 40 % had mild, 43 % moderate and 16 % severe disability; disability level was missing for 1 %. The average total direct cost per year was USD 19,012.32 (SD = 10,465.96), and no statistically significant differences were not observed according to MS disability level (p = 0.398). The use of disease modifying therapies (DMTs) corresponded to the majority of direct expenditures, especially among those patients with lower levels of disability, representing around 90 % of total costs for mild and moderate MS patients. It was also observed that expenses with medical (except DMTs) and non-medical resources are higher among patients with more severe disease. Worsening disability also had an important influence on health-related quality of life and self-perceived impact of fatigue on daily living.ConclusionOur data demonstrates the significant economic impact of MS on both Brazilian household and health system, in terms of DMTs and other disease management costs. When patients move upwards on the disease severity scale, costs with health resources other than drugs are significantly increased.

Economic impact of multiple sclerosis in Italy: focus on rehabilitation costs.

The study estimates the cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Italy quantifying the impact of the rehabilitation on cost of illness. Patients with MS were enrolled at MS clinical centres, in rehabilitation units and among members with MS of the Italian MS Society across the Italy. The MS costs were captured with a questionnaire and were estimated taking into account both healthcare and non-healthcare costs as well as the productivity losses. Mean total annual costs per patients were €37,948, increasing for different disease severity: from €22,750 at an EDSS score of 0-3 to €63,047 at an EDSS score equal to or more than 7. €3,418 was due to rehabilitation (about 26.7% of direct healthcare costs) and of these 44% was attributable to admission to rehabilitation. The multivariate analysis showed a consistent trend toward increased total cost with progressive severity of MS, with presence of relapses, while the total cost decreases with a better quality of life. The burden increases as the MS becomes more severe and with relapse occurrence, moreover we observed high costs due to admission to rehabilitation suggesting that different rehabilitation setting might be considered to reduce the financial burden and increase the quality of life for person with MS.

The economic impact of multiple sclerosis in Australia in 2010

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a major impact on health and is a substantial burden on patients and society. We estimated the annual costs of MS in Australia from individual and societal perspectives using data from the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (AMSLS) and prevalence figures from 2010. Methods: Direct and indirect costs were estimated from a subsample of 712 AMSLS subjects who completed baseline and follow-up economic impact surveys. All costs are in 2010 Australian dollars (AUD). Results: Annual costs per person with MS were AUD48,945 (95% CI: 45,138 to 52,752). Total costs were AUD1.042 (0.9707 to 1.1227) billion based on a prevalence of 21,283. The largest component was indirect costs due to loss of productivity (48%). Costs increased with increasing disability: AUD36,369, AUD58,890 and AUD65,305 per patient per year for mild, moderate and severe disability, respectively. Total costs of MS to Australian society have increased 58% between 2005 and 2010. Conclusions: This study confirms that MS imposes a substantial burden on Australian society, particularly impacting on productivity. The burden increases with worsening disability associated with the disease. Investment in interventions that slow progression, as well as resources, services and environments that assist people with MS to retain employment, is supported.

'Restricting choices and limiting independence': social and economic impact of multiple sclerosis upon households by level of disability

To examine the relationship between the social and economic impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) and levels of MS-related disability upon households in the following domains: household composition, housing modification, employment, standard of living, children, intimate and close relationships, and social life. A national sample of people with MS (pwMS) (n = 920), consisting of members of the MS Society and those accessing the MS Society website, completed a cross-sectional survey to generate quantitative and qualitative data. Over three-quarters of the sample reported that MS had impacted on at least some areas of daily life. The reported impact increased significantly in a linear fashion in each domain with increasing disability, as measured by an activities of daily living index, although there was a discernible 'levelling off' in terms of impact in some domains among those at the higher levels of disability and dependency. Analysis of the qualitative data suggests that this impact can be conceptualized as a gradual process of 'restricting choices' and 'limiting independence' for both pwMS and their households. MS restricts social and economic opportunities for pwMS and those who they live with. These findings extend the literature to households to illustrate the impact of MS not only on pwMS but also on their partners, children and other family members.

A review of the natural history and epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: implications for resource allocation and health economic models.

A review of the natural history and epidemiology of multiple sclerosis: implications for resource allocation and health economic models.

The management of multiple sclerosis patients.

The management of individuals with multiple sclerosis must be considered under the following headings: administration and follow-up of adequate disease-modifying treatment, symptomatic relief and neurorehabilitation. Neurorehabilitation deserves a four-step strategy: multidisciplinary assessment, identification of areas of potential functional improvement, setting of goals of short/long-term duration, and measurement of outcomes. The patient's perspective is important to evaluate through questionnaires about quality of life. Well organized disability services with multidisciplinary specialists are probably cost effective and efficient. Determining the actual economic impact of multiple sclerosis and defining the most cost-effective type of care for persons with multiple sclerosis is a need in all countries faced with the limitation of healthcare resources. In persons with multiple sclerosis the range of main symptoms includes the loss of mobility and spasticity, pain, tremor, abnormal eye movements, paroxysmal symptoms, bladder and bowel dysfunction, sexual disturbances, fatigue and depression. Current palliative treatments, which are reviewed, are partly successful depending on the type of symptoms under consideration.

The incidence and prevalence of reported multiple sclerosis.

A national survey, sponsored by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, to determine the incidence, prevalence, and economic impact of multiple sclerosis has just been completed. These data are the first report of the results. Based on the data gathered, it is estimated that on January 1, 1976, there were a reported 123,000 multiple sclerosis patients in the conterminous United States (a rate of 58 per 100,000). The annual incidence for the period 1970-1975 was estimated to be 8,800 (a rate of 4.2 per 100,000). The pattern of the disease being more common among females, whites, persons aged 30-50 years, and individuals living above the 37th parallel was also demonstrated. In addition to demographic characteristics, selected disease characteristics of the incidence and prevalence populations were also examined.