Economic History Review Research Articles

Why Should Manufacturers Want Fair Trade?

A LONG-STANDING puzzle to economists is that some manufacturers prefer that their products are sold at not less than "fair trade" retail prices.' Before the courts upset the legal status of resale price maintenance, some of these manufacturers spent millions to prevent distributors from selling their products below the list price. The manufacturers' interests seem to be best served when distributors resell their products under such competitive conditions as may exist at the level of distribution and at the lowest prices resulting from that competition. If manufacturers set a floor to the resale price then they also set a ceiling to their sales and thus apparently support a policy that runs counter to their own self-interest. Let the manufacturers fix a price at the factory gate at which all distributors may buy the product. Would not the manufacturers' sales and profits be greater the lower is the price at which distributors resell their products to consumers? If so, then what explains the strong desire of some manufacturers to prevent distributors from

Water Law and Private Decision-Making: A Critique

Previous articleNext article No AccessWater Law and Private Decision-Making: A CritiqueJ. W. MillimanJ. W. Milliman Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Law and Economics Volume 2Oct., 1959 Sponsored by The University of Chicago Booth School of Business and The University of Chicago Law School Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/466550 Views: 28Total views on this site Citations: 32Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1959 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Ahmed S. Al-Marshoudi, Jasni Sulong Institutional arrangements of the aflaj systems’ maintenance in Sultanate of Oman: operation of the different aflaj type case study, Sustainable Water Resources Management 9, no.11 (Dec 2022).https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00796-wAhmed S. Al-Marshoudi, Jasni Sulong Islamic Institutional Arrangements of the Aflaj Systems Maintenance in Sultanate of Oman: Operation of the Different Aflaj Type Case Study, (Oct 2022): 357–367.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5947-9_29Steven G. Medema “Exceptional and Unimportant”?, History of Political Economy 52, no.11 (Oct 2019): 135–170.https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-8009583R. Huffaker Institutional Aspects and Policy Background of Water Scarcity Problems in the United States, (Jan 2017): 36–41.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803237-4.00003-3Ray Huffaker, Joel Hamilton Conflict, (Oct 2015): 1–21.https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr30.2ed.c1Narishwar Ghimire, Ronald C. Griffin The Water Transfer Effects of Alternative Irrigation Institutions, American Journal of Agricultural Economics 96, no.44 (Jul 2014): 970–990.https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aau018Ronald C. Griffin The Origins and Ideals of Water Resource Economics in the United States, Annual Review of Resource Economics 4, no.11 (Aug 2012): 353–377.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110811-114517Ronald C. Griffin, James W. Mjelde Distributing water's bounty, Ecological Economics 72 (Dec 2011): 116–128.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.09.013Ereney Hadjigeorgalis A Place for Water Markets: Performance and Challenges, Review of Agricultural Economics 31, no.11 (Mar 2009): 50–67.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2008.01425.xEdwyna Harris COLONIALISM AND LONG-RUN GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA: AN EXAMINATION OF INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN VICTORIA'S WATER SECTOR DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, Australian Economic History Review 48, no.33 (Nov 2008): 266–279.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8446.2008.00239.xEDWYNA HARRIS DISORDER WITH LAW: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF VIOLENCE IN RESPONSE TO WATER RIGHTS VIOLATION IN COLONIAL NEW SOUTH WALES, Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 27, no.22 (Jun 2008): 135–145.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2008.tb01032.xAndrew B. Whitford, Benjamin Y. Clark Designing property rights for water: mediating market, government, and corporation failures, Policy Sciences 40, no.44 (Nov 2007): 335–351.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-007-9048-5Howard Chong, David Sunding Water Markets and Trading, Annual Review of Environment and Resources 31, no.11 (Nov 2006): 239–264.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.31.020105.100323Walter Block, Matthew Block Private parks and walkways under free enterprise: A geographical economic analysis, Ethics, Place & Environment 8, no.22 (Jun 2005): 201–208.https://doi.org/10.1080/13668790500237104Ray Huffaker, Norman Whittlesey The allocative efficiency and conservation potential of water laws encouraging investments in on-farm irrigation technology, Agricultural Economics 24, no.11 (Dec 2000): 47–60.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00092.xRay Huffaker, Norman Whittlesey, Joel R. Hamilton The Role of Prior Appropriation in Allocating Water Resources into the 21st Century, International Journal of Water Resources Development 16, no.22 (Jul 2010): 265–273.https://doi.org/10.1080/07900620050003161Joseph W. Dellapenna ADAPTING THE LAW OF WATER MANAGEMENT TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND OTHER HYDROPOLITICAL STRESSES, Journal of the American Water Resources Association 35, no.66 (Dec 1999): 1301–1326.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1999.tb04217.xJay R. Lund, Robert U. Reed Drought Water Rationing and Transferable Rations, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 121, no.66 (Nov 1995): 429–437.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1995)121:6(429)Jay R. Lund, Morris Israel Transferencia de agua entre sistemas de recursos hidráulicos, Ingeniería del agua 2, no.33 (Sep 1995).https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.1995.2680Jay R. Lund, Morris Israel Water Transfers in Water Resource Systems, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 121, no.22 (Mar 1995): 193–204.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1995)121:2(193)Gary D. Lynne, Phyllis Saarinen Melding Private and Public Interests in Water Rights Markets, Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 25, no.11 (Apr 2015): 69–83.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1074070800018629 R. H. Coase Law and Economics at Chicago, The Journal of Law and Economics 36, no.1, Part 21, Part 2 (Oct 2015): 239–254.https://doi.org/10.1086/467274Mark Kanazawa Water Quality and the Economic Efficiency of Appropriative Water Rights, (Jan 1991): 821–839.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4028-1_41Kathleen A. Miller The right to use versus the right to sell: Spillover effects and constraints on the water rights of irrigation organization members, Water Resources Research 23, no.1212 (Jul 2010): 2166–2174.https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i012p02166Assad Tavakoli Nationalization and Efficient Management of Water Resources in Iran, Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 113, no.44 (Jul 1987): 522–532.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1987)113:4(522)A. K. DRAGUN Problems and Prospects for Water Reallocation in Australia, Natural Resources Forum 9, no.44 (Nov 1985): 239–251.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.1985.tb01069.xJ. Wayland Eheart, Randolph M. Lyon Alternative structures for water rights markets, Water Resources Research 19, no.44 (Jul 2010): 887–894.https://doi.org/10.1029/WR019i004p00887H.Stuart Burness, James P Quirk Economic aspects of appropriative water rights, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 7, no.44 (Dec 1980): 372–388.https://doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(80)90028-5 H. Stuart Burness , and James P. Quirk Water Law, Water Transfers, and Economic Efficiency: The Colorado River, The Journal of Law and Economics 23, no.11 (Oct 2015): 111–134.https://doi.org/10.1086/466954Charles Upton Application of User Charges to Water Quality Management, Water Resources Research 7, no.22 (Jul 2010): 264–272.https://doi.org/10.1029/WR007i002p00264Ray Huffaker Finding a Modern Role for the Prior Appropriation Doctrine in the American West, (): 187–200.https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26567-8_9 Frank J. Trelease Arizona v. California: Allocation of Water Resources to People, States, and Nation, The Supreme Court Review 1963 (Sep 2015): 158–205.https://doi.org/10.1086/scr.1963.3108732

Some Notes on Law and Change in North India

The complexity of the situation in an Indian village as regards law and the process of settling disputes can be only briefly catalogued in this paper. To start, let me briefly summarize the social system of a particular region in India. Senapur is a large, multicaste village in Jaunpur District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, 1 and my remarks, unless otherwise specified, relate to Senapur and the immediately surrounding locality, which is called Dobhi Taluka or Tuppah. Dobhi Taluka is an area of forty square miles with roughly one hundred

Some Socio-Economic Emigration Differentials in Rural Italy, 1902-1913

Previous articleNext article No AccessSome Socio-Economic Emigration Differentials in Rural Italy, 1902-1913J. S. McDonaldJ. S. McDonald Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 7, Number 1Oct., 1958 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/449779 Views: 8Total views on this site Citations: 8Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1958, 1959 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Michel Huysseune Theory Travelling through Time and Space: The Reception of the Concept of Amoral Familism, International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society 33, no.33 (Jul 2019): 365–388.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10767-019-09335-6Rafał Dudała Italian migration policy: Changes and effects, Review of Nationalities 8, no.11 (Feb 2019): 181–197.https://doi.org/10.2478/pn-2018-0012Pier Giorgio Ardeni, Andrea Gentili Revisiting Italian emigration before the Great War: a test of the standard economic model, European Review of Economic History 18, no.44 (Sep 2014): 452–471.https://doi.org/10.1093/ereh/heu014Stefano Luconi Emigration and Italians’ transnational radical politicization, Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 47, no.11 (Apr 2013): 96–115.https://doi.org/10.1177/0014585813478925Matteo Gomellini, Cormac O'Grada Outward and Inward Migrations in Italy: A Historical Perspective, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2236712Donna Gabaccia Italian history and gli italiani nel mondo, part I, Journal of Modern Italian Studies 2, no.11 (Mar 1997): 45–66.https://doi.org/10.1080/13545719708454939A.V. Margavio, S.A. Mann Modernization and the Family: A Theoretical Analysis, Sociological Perspectives 32, no.11 (Aug 2016): 109–127.https://doi.org/10.2307/1389010Donna R. Gabaccia Migration and Peasant Militance: Western Sicily, 1880-1910, Social Science History 8, no.11 (Jan 2016): 67–80.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0145553200019957

The Economies of Scale

THE theory of the economies of scale is the theory of the relationship between the scale of use of a properly chosen combination of all productive services and the rate of output of the enterprise. In its broadest formulation this theory is a crucial element of the economic theory of social organization, for it underlies every question of market organization and the role (and locus) of governmental control over economic life. Let one ask himself how an economy would be organized if every economic activity were prohibitively inefficient upon alternately a small scale and a large scale, and the answer will convince him that here lies a basic element of the theory of economic organization. The theory has limped along for a century, collecting large pieces of good reasoning and small chunks of empirical evidence but never achieving scientific prosperity. A large cause of its poverty is that the central concept of the theory-the firm of optimum size-has eluded confident measurement. We have been dangerously close to denying Lincoln, for all economists have been ignorant of the optimum size of firm in almost every industry all of the time, and this ignorance has been an insurmountable barrier between us and the understanding of the forces which govern optimum size. It is almost as if one were trying to measure the nutritive values of goods without knowing whether the consumers who ate them continued to live.

Nationalism and Social Classes in British West Africa

Previous articleNext article No AccessNationalism and Social Classes in British West AfricaMartin L. Kilson, Jr.Martin L. Kilson, Jr. Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Politics Volume 20, Number 2May, 1958 Sponsored by the Southern Political Science Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/2127045 Views: 95Total views on this site Citations: 12Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Ayodele Oniku Social Class and Consumer Behaviour in Sub-Saharan Africa, (Jan 2020): 147–168.https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3019-1.ch008Ayodele Oniku Social Class and Consumer Behavior in Sub-Saharan Africa, (Jan 2019): 195–217.https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7906-9.ch009Felix Meier zu Selhausen, Marco H. D. van Leeuwen, Jacob L. Weisdorf Social mobility among Christian Africans: evidence from Anglican marriage registers in Uganda, 1895-2011, The Economic History Review 71, no.44 (Dec 2017): 1291–1321.https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12616Roger Southall (Middle-) Class analysis in Africa: does it work?, Review of African Political Economy 45, no.157157 (Jun 2018): 467–477.https://doi.org/10.1080/03056244.2018.1482826Ayodele Oniku Social Class and Consumer Behaviour in Sub-Saharan Africa, (Jan 2016): 361–382.https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0282-1.ch016Danielle Resnick The Political Economy of Africa's Emergent Middle Class: Retrospect and Prospects, Journal of International Development 27, no.55 (Jul 2015): 573–587.https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3110Sarah Karinge The Elite Factor in Sub-Saharan Africa’s Development, Journal of Developing Societies 29, no.44 (Nov 2013): 435–455.https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X13503200Michael Crowder The Cambridge History of Africa, (Mar 2008).https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521224093J. D. Y. Peel Social and cultural change, (Dec 1984): 142–191.https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521224093.006Chong-Do Hah, Jeffrey Martin Toward a Synthesis of Conflict and Integration Theories of Nationalism, World Politics 27, no.33 (Jul 2011): 361–386.https://doi.org/10.2307/2010125Oyeniyi Osundina Nkrumah: From the Beginning to the End of His Political Career a Bibliography of His Role in Ghana, His Overthrow and His Death, A Current Bibliography on African Affairs 6, no.44 (Jun 1973): 431–462.https://doi.org/10.1177/001132557300600404Immanuel Wallerstein Class and Class-Conflict in Contemporary Africa, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 7, no.33 (Mar 2014): 375–380.https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1973.10803704

The Accumulation of Capital in a Peasant Economy

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Accumulation of Capital in a Peasant EconomyMichael G. SwiftMichael G. Swift Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 5, Number 4Jul., 1957 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/449743 Views: 1Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:W. G. Huff Monetization and financial development in Southeast Asia before the Second World War, The Economic History Review 56, no.22 (Nov 2003): 300–345.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-0289.2003.00251.xBrien K. Parkinson Non-Economic Factors in the Economic Retardation of the Rural Malays, Modern Asian Studies 1, no.11 (Nov 2008): 31–46.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X00000056

THE FINANCES OF AN ELIZABETHAN NOBLEMAN: HENRY PERCY, NINTH EARL OF NORTHUMBERLAND (1564–1632)

N recent years economic historians have become increasingly interested in the fortunes of the Elizabethan aristocracy, an interest which has been reflected in a series of contributions to the Economic History Review and which has been intensified since the publication of Mr Stone's article in 1948. The length, complexity and heat of the controversy, as Mr Stone acknowledged in 1952, point a clear moral; to get the picture right, meticulous research is needed. There has been no lack of reference to particular examples; Mr Stone published in appendices to his first article notes on the finances of every member of the Elizabethan peerage. But, working as he was obliged to do largely from State documents and printed sources, it was inevitable that some of his statements should be open to challenge by anyone familiar with the private papers of individual noblemen. No class is more easily defined than the peerage, nothing could be more helpful to research historians than the small numbers involved in the period-there were only sixty peers in England in I 6oo-and no section of the population leaves fuller evidence behind it of its activities through documents and possessions. What is needed to resolve the problems over which the controversy has ranged, and raged, is a series of studies of individual peers based on extensive research among family archives. In this paper, I present the results of one such study as a contribution to this second stage of the discussion.2

Josiah Wedgwood and a Proposed Eighteenth-Century Industrial Research Organization

Previous articleNext article No AccessJosiah Wedgwood and a Proposed Eighteenth-Century Industrial Research OrganizationRobert E. SchofieldRobert E. Schofield Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Isis Volume 47, Number 1Mar., 1956 Publication of the History of Science Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/348451 Views: 7Total views on this site Citations: 9Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1956 History of Science Society, Inc.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Catherine Casson, Mark Dodgson , Business History Review 93, no.0202 ( 2019): 247.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007680519000643M. Dodgson Exploring new combinations in innovation and entrepreneurship: social networks, Schumpeter, and the case of Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795), Industrial and Corporate Change 20, no.44 (Jun 2011): 1119–1151.https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtr021Mark Dodgson Exploring New Combinations in Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Social Networks, Schumpeter, and the Case of Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795), SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1873288John A. Alic Cooperation in RD, Technovation 10, no.55 (Jul 1990): 319–332.https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-4972(90)90016-DAnthony G. Hopwood The archeology of accounting systems, Accounting, Organizations and Society 12, no.33 (Jan 1987): 207–234.https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-3682(87)90038-9Neil McKendrick Josiah Wedgwood and Cost Accounting in the Industrial Revolution, The Economic History Review 23, no.11 (Apr 1970): 45.https://doi.org/10.2307/2594563Neil McKendrick II. Josiah Wedgwood and Factory Discipline1, The Historical Journal 4, no.0101 (Feb 2009): 30.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X61000017Robert E. Schofield Josiah Wedgwood, Industrial Chemist, Chymia 5 (Jan 1959): 180–192.https://doi.org/10.2307/27757184 I. Bernard Cohen , and Katharine Strelsky Eighty-Second Critical Bibliography of The History of Science and Its Cultural Influences (To 1 January 1957) (Endorsed by the History of Science Division of the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science), Isis 48, no.22 (Oct 2015): 189–280.https://doi.org/10.1086/348564

Constitutional Aspects of the Struggle between Germans and Czechs in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

Previous articleNext article No AccessConstitutional Aspects of the Struggle between Germans and Czechs in the Austro-Hungarian MonarchySuzanne G. KonirshSuzanne G. Konirsh Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 27, Number 3Sep., 1955 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/237808 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 3Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1955 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:MAX-STEPHAN SCHULZE, NIKOLAUS WOLF Economic nationalism and economic integration: the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the late nineteenth century 1, The Economic History Review 65, no.22 (Jul 2011): 652–673.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2010.00587.xStanley B. Winters The Young Czech Party (1874-1914): An Appraisal, Slavic Review 28, no.33 (Jan 2017): 426–444.https://doi.org/10.2307/2494020William A. Jenks Economics, Constitutionalism, Administrative and Class Structure in the Monarchy, Austrian History Yearbook 3, no.11 (Feb 2009): 32–61.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0067237800004070

A Nineteenth Century Development Project in India: The Cotton Improvement Program

Previous articleNext article No AccessA Nineteenth Century Development Project in India: The Cotton Improvement ProgramSeth Leacock and David G. MandelbaumSeth Leacock Search for more articles by this author and David G. Mandelbaum Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 3, Number 4Jul., 1955 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/449693 Views: 11Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Klas Rönnbäck, Dimitrios Theodoridis Cotton cultivation under colonial rule in India in the nineteenth century from a comparative perspective, The Economic History Review 75, no.22 (Aug 2021): 374–395.https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.13094Sukanya Banerjee Ecologies of cotton, Nineteenth-Century Contexts 42, no.55 (Jan 2021): 493–507.https://doi.org/10.1080/08905495.2020.1816089Rhoads Murphey Traditionalism and Colonialism: Changing Urban Roles in Asia, The Journal of Asian Studies 29, no.11 (Mar 2011): 67–84.https://doi.org/10.2307/2942524Peter Harnetty The Imperialism of Free Trade: Lancashire, India, and the Cotton Supply Question, 1861-1865, Journal of British Studies 6, no.11 (Jan 2014): 70–96.https://doi.org/10.1086/385528

Sterling's Recurring Postwar Payments Crises

Previous articleNext article No AccessSterling's Recurring Postwar Payments CrisesSamuel I. KatzSamuel I. Katz Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 63, Number 3Jun., 1955 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/257666 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1955 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Lamberto Dini Turbulence in the foreign exchange markets: old and new lessons, (Jan 1994): 227–238.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2358-9_17GEROLD KROZEWSKI Sterling, the‘minor’territories, and the end of formal empire, 1939-1958, The Economic History Review 46, no.22 (May 1993): 239–265.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1993.tb01332.x

Money, Prices, and Wages in the Confederacy, 1861-65

Previous articleNext article No AccessMoney, Prices, and Wages in the Confederacy, 1861-65Eugene M. LernerEugene M. Lerner Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 63, Number 1Feb., 1955 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/257626 Views: 10Total views on this site Citations: 20Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1955 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Alessandro Belmonte, Désirée Teobaldelli, Davide Ticchi Tax morale, fiscal capacity, and war, Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 36 (Jul 2022).https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12388Veronika Akhmadieva Fiscal adjustment in a panel of countries 1870–2016, Journal of Comparative Economics 50, no.22 (Jun 2022): 555–568.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2021.12.003Bryan P. Cutsinger Forced savings and political malinvestment: an application of steve horwitz’s microfoundations and macroeconomics, The Review of Austrian Economics 34, no.22 (Jun 2020): 311–322.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11138-020-00502-zBryan Cutsinger Forced Savings and Political Malinvestment, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2020).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3565510Pablo Duarte, Marcel Freidinger, Andreas Hoffmann Military casualties and exchange rates during the First World War: did the Eastern Front matter?, The Economic History Review 72, no.44 (Sep 2018): 1312–1334.https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12774Bryan P. Cutsinger, Joshua S. Ingber Seigniorage in the Civil War South, Explorations in Economic History 72 (Apr 2019): 74–92.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2018.11.001Bryan Cutsinger, Joshua Ingber Seigniorage in the Civil War South, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2018).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3141272Pablo Duarte, Marcel Freidinger, Andreas Hoffmann War News and Exchange Rates During World War I: The Eastern versus the Western Front, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2016).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2715399Mark Thornton, Robert B. Ekelund The 'Confederate' Blockade of the South, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2012).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2071304Bruce W. Hetherington, Peter J. Kower Technological diffusion and the Union blockade, Explorations in Economic History 48, no.22 (Apr 2011): 310–324.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2011.01.003Niccolo Leo Caldararo The Theory of Banking: Why Banks Exist and Why We Fear Them, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1908310Gary Pecquet, George Davis, Bryce Kanago The Emancipation Proclamation, Confederate Expectations, and the Price of Southern Bank Notes, Southern Economic Journal 70, no.33 (Jan 2004): 616–630.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.2004.tb00592.xGloria Vollmers Industrial slavery in the United States: the North Carolina turpentine industry 1849–61, Accounting, Business & Financial History 13, no.33 (Nov 2003): 369–392.https://doi.org/10.1080/09585200310001606626Richard C. K. Burdekin, Marc D. Weidenmier Suppressing Asset Price Inflation: The Confederate Experience, 1861-1865, Economic Inquiry 41, no.33 (Jul 2003): 420–432.https://doi.org/10.1093/ei/cbg018Marc D. Weidenmier Turning Points in the U.S. Civil War: Views from the Grayback Market, Southern Economic Journal 68, no.44 (Apr 2002): 875–890.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2325-8012.2002.tb00463.xWilliam O. Brown, Richard C. K. Burdekin Turning Points in the U.S. Civil War: A British Perspective, The Journal of Economic History 60, no.11 (Jul 2012): 216–231.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700024712Gary M Pecquet Money in the trans-Mississippi confederacy and the confederate currency reform act of 1864, Explorations in Economic History 24, no.22 (Apr 1987): 218–243.https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4983(87)90013-1Forrest Capie Conditions in which very rapid inflation has appeared, Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 24 (Jan 1986): 115–168.https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2231(86)90007-2John Foster THE REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS OF INFLATION-QUESTIONS and ANSWERS*, Scottish Journal of Political Economy 23, no.11 (Jun 2008): 73–98.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.1976.tb01196.xEugene M. Lerner Investment Uncertainty During The Civil War—A Note On The McCormick Brothers, The Journal of Economic History 16, no.11 (Feb 2011): 34–40.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700064846

How Franco Financed His War

Previous articleNext article No AccessHow Franco Financed His WarJohn R. HubbardJohn R. Hubbard Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 25, Number 4Dec., 1953 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/237638 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1953 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:P. Martin-Acena, E. Martinez Ruiz, M. A. Pons War and economics: Spanish civil war finances revisited, European Review of Economic History 16, no.22 (Jan 2012): 144–165.https://doi.org/10.1093/ereh/her011

THE ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW

The Economic History ReviewVolume 5, Issue 2 p. 177-177 THE ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW First published: December 1952 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1952.tb01462.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume5, Issue2December 1952Pages 177-177 RelatedInformation

The Huguenots and the Diffusion of Technology. I

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Huguenots and the Diffusion of Technology. IWarren C. ScovilleWarren C. Scoville Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 60, Number 4Aug., 1952 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/257238 Views: 16Total views on this site Citations: 13Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1952 The University of Chicago PressPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Stefano Breschi, Cornelia Lawson, Francesco Lissoni, Andrea Morrison, Ammon Salter STEM migration, research, and innovation, Research Policy (Jul 2020): 104070.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104070Timothy H.B. Stoneman Presencing the divine: religion and technology in the Latin West, History and Technology 36, no.22 (Sep 2020): 187–204.https://doi.org/10.1080/07341512.2020.1816059Erik Hornung Diasporas, diversity, and economic activity: Evidence from 18th-century Berlin, Explorations in Economic History 73 (Jul 2019): 101261.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2018.10.001Milan Zafirovski A neglected gap in the Weber thesis? The long economic lag of capitalism from Protestantism, Social Science Information 58, no.11 (Mar 2019): 3–56.https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018419838492Francesco Lissoni International migration and innovation diffusion: an eclectic survey, Regional Studies 52, no.55 (Aug 2017): 702–714.https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1346370Johan Fourie, Dieter von Fintel Settler skills and colonial development: the Huguenot wine-makers in eighteenth-century Dutch South Africa, The Economic History Review 67, no.44 (Dec 2013): 932–963.https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0289.12033Erik Hornung Immigration and the Diffusion of Technology: The Huguenot Diaspora in Prussia, American Economic Review 104, no.11 (Jan 2014): 84–122.https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.1.84Erik Hornung Immigration and the Diffusion of Technology: The Huguenot Diaspora in Prussia, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1960616Katsuya Takii A Barrier to the Diffusion of Tacit Knowledge, Review of Development Economics 8, no.11 (Feb 2004): 81–90.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2004.00221.xS. R. Epstein Craft Guilds, Apprenticeship, and Technological Change in Preindustrial Europe, The Journal of Economic History 58, no.33 (Mar 2009): 684–713.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050700021124 Julia Wrigley The Division between Mental and Manual Labor: Artisan Education in Science in Nineteenth-Century Britain, American Journal of Sociology 88 (Sep 2015): S31–S51.https://doi.org/10.1086/649251Paul Coones Manufacture in pre-industrial England: a bibliography, Journal of Historical Geography 5, no.22 (Apr 1979): 127–155.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-7488(79)90129-4Kari F. Helleiner The Population of Europe from the Black Death to the Eve of the Vital Revolution, (May 1967): 1–95.https://doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521045070.003

TREASURE AND TRADE BALANCES: FURTHER EVIDENCE

I N his article in the Economic History Review (1950), 2nd Ser., m, 2i9, Prof. Heckscher has subjected my earlier suggestions1 to some lively criticism. I shall therefore produce further evidence which seems to me to support my views. First, however, since Prof. Heckscher has credited me with several contentions which stand in need of modification, it may avoid further misunderstandings if I repeat my own statement of my primary object which appeared in my first article viz. ... . to suggest that... there were indispensable practical uses to which precious metals were put in international trade in the mercantilist period, that these uses were sufficiently well known to practical men of trade and government, that they were more or less taken for granted, and that they do in fact form an assumption, largely unspoken and far from clearly stated, in much contemporary discussion'. These suggestions were prompted by the feeling that, first, the significance of the functions of precious metals in the processes of international payment during the mercantilist period has not always been fully appreciated; and, secondly, that it is in fact unlikely that their special usefulness was entirely unrelated to the emphasis placed upon the pursuit of treasure in mercantilist writings, more especially since so many of the writers were themselves closely associated with overseas commerce. Unfortunately, this primary aim is in some danger of being obscured behind the discussion which has arisen regarding a secondary issue, viz. whether trade was bilateral or multilateral in this period. I should therefore like to make it clear that it was not my intention to suggest that ' . . the idea of multilateral international payments...' was 'unthinkable' to mercantilists. On the contrary, I agree readily that such payments took place quite commonly. Yet there remained certain practical difficulties about such payments especially in certain areas, mainly because of the limited scope or sometimes even the absence of the bill of exchange in those areas.2 Now the kind of universal multilateral system which centred on London in more modern times, and which Dr Hilgerdt has analysed,3 seemed to me to depend on a world structure of credit and currency far more comprehensive and highly developed than that known to the mercantilist age. If Prof. Heckscher re-reads the paragraph which he quoted from my article, he will observe that it is the completed structure, not the idea, that I deem to have been unthinkable to mercantilists. One element of 'multilateralism' there certainly was; and it was one of the purposes of my article to suggest that a flow of precious metals was 'the principal and often the only link between a series of channels of trade each of which was essentially bilateral'. I hoped that the sentence which followed (but which

The Social Organization of Mecca and the Origins of Islam

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Social Organization of Mecca and the Origins of IslamEric R. WolfEric R. Wolf Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 7, Number 4Winter, 1951 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.7.4.3628510 Views: 87Total views on this site Citations: 18Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in the Southwestern Journal of Anthropology (1945-1972), which is continued by the Journal of Anthropological Research (1973-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Niccolo Caldararo A Question of Dose and Context: LSD, Peyote and Chemical Interactions, Human Variation, and Interpretation, (Feb 2023): 33–133.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13745-7_2Umar Aimhanosi Oseni Sharī‘ah court-annexed dispute resolution of three commonwealth countries – a literature review, International Journal of Conflict Management 26, no.22 (Apr 2015): 214–238.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-06-2012-0050Mark Allen Peterson Consumption in the Middle East/Arab World, (Mar 2015): 1–6.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118989463.wbeccs069Kevin O'Gorman, Derek Bryce, Kevin D. O'Gorman, Ian W.F. Baxter Commerce, empire and faith in Safavid Iran: the caravanserai of Isfahan, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 25, no.22 (Mar 2013): 204–226.https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111311301603Saïd Amir Arjomand THE CONSTITUTION OF MEDINA: A SOCIOLEGAL INTERPRETATION OF MUHAMMAD'S ACTS OF FOUNDATION OF THE UMMA, International Journal of Middle East Studies 41, no.44 (Oct 2009): 555–575.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743809990067Michel Mouton The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 20, no.22 (Nov 2009): 185–207.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0471.2009.00314.xMary Nicolaou, Colleen M. Doak, Rob M. van Dam, Johannes Brug, Karien Stronks, Jaap C. Seidell Cultural and Social Influences on Food Consumption in Dutch Residents of Turkish and Moroccan Origin: A Qualitative Study, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 41, no.44 (Jul 2009): 232–241.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2008.05.011Anthony Marcus Interrogating the neo-pluralist orthodoxy in American anthropology, Dialectical Anthropology 32, no.1-21-2 (Oct 2008): 59–86.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10624-008-9053-xBrian Keith Axel Introduction, (Jan 2002): 1–44.https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822383345-001Helaine Silverman The archaeological identification of an ancient Peruvian pilgrimage center, World Archaeology 26, no.11 (Jun 1994): 1–18.https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1994.9980257Patricia W. Romero Possible sources for the origin of gold as an economic and social vehicle for women in lamu (Kenya), Africa 57, no.33 (Dec 2011): 364–376.https://doi.org/10.2307/1160719George J. Jennings Psychocultural Study in Missiology: Middle Eastern Insecurity, Practical Anthropology 15, no.11 (Jan 1987): 91–111.https://doi.org/10.1177/009182968701500107Mahmood Ibrahim Social and Economic Conditions In Per-Islamic Mecca, International Journal of Middle East Studies 14, no.33 (Jan 2009): 343–358.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800051977M. S. Ashoor The formation of Muslim names, International Library Review 9, no.44 (Aug 2014): 491–500.https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7837(77)90022-X Review Essays, Religious Studies Review 2, no.33 (Jul 1976): 1–42.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.1976.tb00094.x Reviews, Religious Studies Review 1, no.11 (Sep 1975): 1–34.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.1975.tb00045.xSusan H. Lees, Daniel G. Bates The Origins of Specialized Nomadic Pastoralism: A Systemic Model, American Antiquity 39, no.2Part12Part1 (Jan 2017): 187–193.https://doi.org/10.2307/279581Jack Goody Economy and Feudalism in Africa, The Economic History Review 22, no.33 (Dec 1969): 393.https://doi.org/10.2307/2594117

Early English Fulling Mills: Additional Examples

A FEW additions may be made to the list of English fulling mills anterior to 1327 which was contributed to the Economic History Review in 194i by Miss Carus-Wilson.' Two of them certainly, and a third very probably, are of twelfth-century date, and are thus a substantial addition to the three instances of twelfth-century fulling mills which she discovered. As one of my examples belongs to the reign of Henry II, and another was the subject of a grant which may have been made between I 1 74 and i I 8o and in which there is reference to a former tenant, these may well be somewhat earlier cases than those mentioned in the survey of the Templars' lands of I I 85 (Temple Newsham in Yorkshire and Bartonon-Windrush, Gloucestershire) which are the earliest in Miss Carus-Wilson's list. Warwickshire, Huntingdonshire, and Dorset can now be added to the list of counties in which early fulling mills have been noted. The following are the new cases, arranged in chronological order:

Wesley C. Mitchell as an Economic Theorist

Wesley C. Mitchell as an Economic Theorist