Economic Entities Research Articles

Retrospective and Current in the Conceptual Approach to Financial and Non-financial Reporting

In a context where financial information provided by economic entities is no longer sufficient to illustrate an accurate picture of the factual situation, as well as health crises, climate change, increasing stakeholder interest in non-financial information, all these have led to the progressive development of literature especially in the field of non-financial reporting. However, the quality of financial reporting is also a topic of interest among authors, as international financial reporting standards have been adopted by a wide variety of countries, and other countries are likely to adopt such standards in the near future. The objective of the research is to investigate aspects of financial and non-financial reporting previously addressed in the literature. The current stage of the research is carried out by systematic analysis on publications indexed in the Scopus database, and the period analysed is from 2000 to 2023. The systematic literature review is conducted by following the steps defined in previous studies. Each subsequent adaptation will be explained in the paper. In order to carry out the analysis, the coding procedure is applied. The research will be conducted in a two-dimensional framework, focusing on financial and non-financial literature. The first dimension will consider the direction in which the perimeter of financial and non-financial reporting has developed in recent years. Taking also into account that interest in financial and non-financial reporting has gained more and more ground in most fields in recent years, it is expected that the results will show an increase in the number of relevant articles published in recent years in this area. The second dimension concerns factors that have led to changes in financial and non-financial reporting. In order to achieve this objective, I will carry out a detailed analysis by defining an analytical framework built on criteria previously used in other similar works, and adapted to the current sample of articles. I believe that the paper addresses a topical issue and will be of interest and relevance for future academic research on financial and non-financial reporting.

Exploring the role of sustainability reporting strategies in promoting sustainable development in social economy entities: The circular economy as a mediator

AbstractThis study focused on the relationship between sustainability reporting (SR), the circular economy (CE), and the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including an examination of the mediator role of the CE in the SR–SDGs relationship. The SR concept refers to the ways in which companies communicate with their internal and external stakeholders about their sustainability initiatives. Researchers have confirmed that the CE contributes to the achievement of SDGs based on SR. However, the literature does not offer any comprehensive frameworks that integrate these three concepts, which constitutes an important research gap. More specifically, very few studies have explored how social economy entities (SEEs) report the ways they contribute to achieving the SDGs while implementing CE practices. This research thus sought to make a significant contribution to filling this lacuna. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine how SR influences SDGs and how SR promotes these goals through the CE. Variance‐based structural equation modeling via partial least squares was applied to process data on a sample of 90 SEEs in Spain. The results show that entities that provide sufficient SR often communicate how they are implementing SDGs. CE practices have a significant effect on this SR–SDGs relationship. The findings thus make an important contribution to the literature by exploring the link between these three strategies (i.e., SR, the SDGs, and the CE) in organizational contexts and thus providing a foundation for new business models.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО КОНТРОЛЮ РОЗРАХУНКІВ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

Introduction. In the conditions of martial law, enterprises face new challenges that affect all areas of their economic activity, including settlement operations. Internal control of settlements becomes critical for ensuring financial stability and supporting operational activities. This requires a study of the specifics of the organization of internal control of the company's calculations during the state of war, in particular the issue of ensuring the security of financial operations in conditions of instability and market uncertainty. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features and effective mechanisms of internal control of payments at enterprises operating under martial law to ensure their financial stability and competitiveness. Methods. The research methodology includes a comprehensive approach that combines general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as specific financial and economic methods of evaluating the internal control system, including methods of risk analysis and auditing of financial operations. Results. The article examines the main principles of ensuring effective internal control of the calculations of economic entities in the conditions of martial law. It was found that failures in the work of banking systems, interruptions in communications and logistics significantly complicate the timely execution of financial transactions. The need to strengthen control over payment discipline on the part of both the enterprise and its counterparties has been identified. The necessity of implementing additional measures to protect the payment system, including increased attention to the verification of counterparties and the use of digital monitoring tools, has been proven. The growing need for rapid adaptation of internal control procedures to new conditions, such as changes in legislation introduced in connection with military operations, or new requirements for financial reporting, which requires the involvement of qualified personnel capable of promptly responding to new challenges and risks, has been studied. Conclusions. It has been proven that the internal control of the company's calculations in the conditions of martial law is an important element of maintaining stable operations and financial security. Therefore, to ensure its effectiveness, it is necessary to constantly update control methods, take into account new risks and challenges associated with war, and implement modern monitoring tools on the basis.

The risk spillover between geopolitical risk and China’s 5G, semiconductor and rare earth industries

Spillover effect refers to the phenomenon that when an economic entity, industry or market encounters a change or shock, its impact is transmitted to other entities, industries or markets. In recent years, 5G, semiconductors and rare earths have successively become geopolitical battlegrounds. In this paper, sparrow search algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of variational mode decomposition (VMD), then use the optimized VMD to decompose the geopolitical risk (GPR), 5G, semiconductor and rare earth time series data, and exploit fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm to obtain low-frequency and high-frequency time series. Finally we investigates the connectedness between GPR and China's 5G, semiconductor, and rare earth industries based on TVP-VAR model in different cycles, as well as between these industries. The findings reveal that there exists risk spillover between GPR and the three industries, which is significantly enhanced under the impact of geopolitical events. In addition, there is heterogeneity in the risk spillover between GPR and these three industries in different cycles. Notably, in the short term, the GPR is the main source of risk, and in the long term, the semiconductor industry has the great impact on GPR, 5G and rare earth industries, indicating that the semiconductor industry has very important geopolitical significance.

Cyber risk management technology to strengthen the information security of the national economy

Purpose. Developing a technology for managing cyber risks based on their improved classification by the level of impact on the occurrence of an extreme situation. Methodology. To achieve the goal, general scientific and special methods of cognition were used in the study: dialectical and systemic approaches, analysis and synthesis, logical generalization and grouping, structural-logical method, iterative approach, modeling, method of formal representations of uncertainty. Findings. A cyber risk management technology has been developed, consisting of four main stages: analysis of cyber threats (context establishment; security audit; formation of scenario concepts); scenario modeling (threat decomposition; scenario formation; setting criteria; setting probability estimates of concepts (variables); building a network architecture; formation of a private threat model; scenario analysis); risk assessment; object classification. The proposed approach to cybersecurity risk management provides vulnerability detection and risk assessment (risk potential) and simplifies the development of management solutions to prevent events affecting cybersecurity. Originality. The proposed technology differs from the existing ones by focusing on identifying those vulnerabilities and cyber threats that, according to their improved classification by the level of impact on the occurrence of an extreme situation, can lead to serious disruptions in the functioning of critical information infrastructure of the national economy. Practical value. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the proposed cyber risk management technology is one of the tools for preventing the realization of risks in cyberspace and the basis for strengthening the information security of economic entities in particular and the national economy as a whole.

Adapt research to the Anthropocene

Scientists measure how humans’ footprints deteriorate the global environment and our life, but neither monitoring nor technical solutions bend the curves. Homo sapiens is the dominating species of the Anthropocene. Should we re-focus research and explore potential transformation of the command centers of overexploitation: people's minds? The most important challenge for research in the Anthropocene is transformation of humans and their political and economic entities to respect the planet’s boundaries. Non-adapted research can mislead policies. On the example of two crucial risks, pollinator loss and climate change, the manuscript compares state-of-the-art research and what is needed. The examples show the necessary scope and depth of transformation. How to give more room for divergent intelligence, creativity and criticality in scientific and educational environments? The research sector must decide to either transform humans’ minds towards planetary responsible political performance or accept that AIscene might follow the Anthropocene and adapt humans to earth.

Bio-mimetic deconstruction of the digital business ecosystem

The advent of the Internet Plus era, digital technologies, and the digital economy has instigated profound transformations in the commercial landscape, particularly evident in the systematic reshaping of the Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE), encompassing innovations in business models, norms of commercial conduct, and the exploration of business value. This paper delves into the panoramic view of digital business operations of typical companies to uncover the fundamental structural framework of digital commerce. Through deductive reasoning and drawing upon the theoretical framework of natural niche, we construct a niche model for the digital business ecosystem, thereby achieving a bionic deconstruction of the digital business ecosystem. The significance of this research lies in offering a novel research perspective for enterprises, economic regulatory bodies, and scholars in the field of business management, proposing a systemic approach rooted in niche theory models to competition. This approach provides a fresh theoretical framework for enterprises to devise their own ecological and sustainable development strategies. The key findings are as follows: (1) Most business firms establish competitive advantages by constructing commercial cloud platforms that facilitate internal digital transformation and enable digital synergy with external economic entities; (2) Within the digital business ecosystem, enterprises extend their digital capabilities externally through four modalities: data development, data application, data services, and data manufacturing. Externally, six primary forces and roles shape the ecosystem: suppliers, governments, social institutions, consumers, as well as external and internal industry players; (3) The digital business niche is a multidimensional and hyper volumetric relationship positioning between enterprises and the digital business environment. The niche factors include six dimensions: market, personnel, resources, social relationships, technology, and institutions; (4) Given limited ecological factors, the non-exclusivity between static resource allocation and dynamic technological investments in digital enablement leads to the generalization of property rights boundaries and industrial values within the digital business ecosystem. Consequently, this fosters extensive business applications and diversified business models, thereby resulting in less competition and more cooperation, symbiosis, and complementarity within the digital business niche.

Šiauliai Labour Camp No. 294 of Prisoners of War of Germany and its Allies (1945–1948)

At the end of the Soviet-German war, in spring 1945, labour camps for prisoners of war of Germany and its allies were set up in Lithuania. One of them – was Šiauliai Labour Camp No. 294, which consisted of six divisions: Akmenė, Bačiūnai, Panevėžys, Pavenčiai, Radviliškis, and Šiauliai. In June 1945, 8,256 prisoners of war were imprisoned in Šiauliai Labour Camp and its divisions; on 1 January 1946, there were 5,714 prisoners remaining and on 1 June – 5,048 (4,363 worked outside the boundaries of the camp); and on 1 March 1947 – 2,583 prisoners. They were rebuilding the city of Šiauliai destroyed during the war: they rebuilt the drama theatre, 3 gymnasiums, a hospital, a railway station and other buildings. Prisoners also produced consumer goods and a variety of products at the camp workshop and did auxiliary works on the farm, so the camp was partially self-sufficient in terms of food. Prisoners, who worked in rural areas, received food from local residents. On average, there were around 3,000–4,000 prisoners in the camp each year.In terms of international humanitarian law, the repressive structures of the Soviet Union and the Lithuanian SSR basically observed the provisions of the 1929 Geneva Convention on the Treatment of Prisoners of War, but in 1945–1946 due to extremely complicated natural and economic conditions, as well as the unpredictability of the camp administration prisoners had painful experiences. Many of them were ill; in winter 1945–1946 the camp suffered a typhus epidemic. Between 1945 and 1948 about 500 prisoners died, most of the prisoners were underfed and malnourished. The camp administration and managers of various economic entities abused the available cheap labour of prisoners, corruption thrived, there was large-scale embezzlement and there were minor thefts by the camp staff.The number of prisoners fluctuated each year: some of them were taken to the Soviet Union, others were repatriated; some prisoners escaped. According to some data, between 1945 and March 1947, 188 people escaped, but according to other data between 1946 and 1947, 99 prisoners escaped (50 were recaptured) and 2,321 were repatriated. When general repatriation started in the Soviet Union, Šiauliai Labour Camp was closed in autumn 1948. The remaining inmates were transferred to Vilnius Labour Camp No. 195 and subsequently in March 1949 repatriated back to their home countries.

Practice of disclosure of information on fair value of financial instruments in financial statements

A number of Russian healthcare organizations, as well as many domestic organizations in other areas of activity, prepare financial statements in accordance with IFRSs. In order to prepare such statements, it is necessary, in particular, to disclose information on the fair value of financial instruments. Such disclosure is also provided for by many other accounting standards. It is assumed that fair value will be actively used for accounting of financial instruments in the future Russian FAS “Financial Instruments”. These instruments, in turn, are significant accounting objects for many organizations in both healthcare and other areas of activity (both domestic and foreign). Thus, high-quality disclosure of information on the fair value of financial instruments in financial statements is relevant for a significant number of modern economic entities. The analysis of this disclosure is carried out in this paper. In carrying out the research, such methods as analysis and synthesis, grouping method, comparison, analogy method, logical approach, systems approach were used. The results obtained in this paper will be useful to a wide range of readers interested in various problems of modern accounting and reporting, including improving the quality of reporting information. The provisions substantiated in this article can be applied in the educational process of higher educational institutions, as well as in the practical work of accounting departments of modern organizations, both in healthcare and other areas of activity.

Public non‐financial reporting: Reflection of environmental aspects of development and activities of economic entities

The article considers economically significant information reflected in public non‐financial reporting, enabling reflection on the environmental aspects of an organization's development. The analysis aims to articulate problems in the disclosure economically significant information in public non‐financial reporting due to a significant difference between national and international requirements in terms of the environmental aspects of development.In the process of conducting this study, a monograph (descriptive) research method, a system analysis method and a comparative analysis method were used.The results of the study confirmed the need to improve environmental reporting as part of the development of the concept of non‐public financial reporting, while authors emphasising the need to develop the composition and content of environmental reporting, taking into account the integration of financial and non‐financial reporting. The application of the approaches outlined in the article allowed the generation of more transparent information for all interested users regarding the environmental activities of companies and will bring national and international standards closer to application.The environmental reporting of companies and its components are proposed as part of the development of the concept of public non‐ financial reporting.

Respect for Constitutional Rights of Individuals in Platform Economy

The paper dwells on the issue of respect for labor and social rights of individuals enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation in sectors of the economy that are partially or completely switching to activities in an economic model based on the use of digital platforms (platform economy). The strengths and weaknesses of this method of organizing activities for workers employed in the industries under consideration are elucidated in the context of both labor and civil law relations, including workers having the status of self-employed workers. The main possible reasons for the transition of economic entities to activities within the framework of the platform economy, including with a change in the nature of legal relations, are justified through a set of objective (economic and social) and subjective (related to the education, abilities and motivation of a potential employee) reasons. Avito.ru Internet platform is monitored to find job vacancies, within which ensuring the proper implementation of сonstitutional rights of citizens is possible exclusively within the framework of labor legal relations. The analysis of the conditions of employment offered by actual employers reveals typical potential and actual violations of human rights in relation to both an employee and third parties. Based on the results of the analysis of practice, the author offers a number of measures aimed at eliminating the identified prerequisites for violating the constitutional rights of citizens. In particular, the ban on attracting persons as self-employed to perform work or provide services that pose a threat of violation of their rights or the rights of third parties in the event of this activity outside the framework of labor legal relations, as well as the possibility of recognizing civil law relations between the actual employer and an individual in the status of self-employed actual labor relations.

The Main Mistakes of Economic Entities When Applying to the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union

The article contains an analysis of the problem of the implementation in the legal system of the Eurasian Economic Union of the right of legal entities and entrepreneurs to apply to the Court of the Eurasian Economic Union. The purpose of the study is to establish the specifics of the treatment of legal entities and entrepreneurs in the EAEU Court by analyzing errors in the treatment and suggesting options for their correction, if the errors are correctable. To achieve the purpose of the study, the following tasks were solved: to identify the features of applying to legal entities and entrepreneurs to the EAEU Court; to analyze the mistakes they make when applying to the EAEU Court, identify the causes and propose options for eliminating errors. The study used problem-theoretical and formal-logical research methods, the method of analysis. During the analysis of the practice of the EAEU Court, it was found that the main reason for the shortcomings of statements to the EAEU Court is the failure of applicants to take into account clear provisions of the EAEU law norms establishing the conditions and procedure for applying to the EAEU Court, the practice of the EAEU Court. The elimination of this cause is possible through research, education and training for the formation of legal awareness and legal culture of legal entities and entrepreneurs.

ГНОСЕОЛОГІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТРУДОВИМ ПОТЕНЦІАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

The existence of conditions of uncertainty in the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises gives rise to the need to find optimal management methods and tools for ensuring and combining the available human resources, their knowledge, experience and qualifications with the main components of the enterprise's potential, he strategy and goals of its development, ensuring the company's need for employees with the necessary qualifications and effective use of the labor potential of both individual employees and the team as a whole. A research aim is to learn the process of managing the labor potential, based on the current conditions of uncertainty in the development of enterprises. The object of the research is the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises in different economic conditions. The method of the research are modern methods and technologies of scientific knowledge, methods and techniques of conducting scientific research, tools of systemic, complex, economic analysis, principles of management of enterprises and their labor resources, which allow to review the existing approaches to the management of labor potential and identify directions stabilization of enterprises in modern economic conditions. The hypothesis of the research was an assumption about the possibility to determine the logic of learning the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises in modern conditions of uncertainty. The statement of basic materials. It is proved that epistemology is applied in the research in a purposeful way, as it is a tool of knowledge and a philosophy of managing the labor potential of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. It has been confirmed that the management of labor potential is a component of the general process of managing the production potential of the enterprise, which means that it makes a direct contribution to the results of operations, the volume and output of products, the creation of certain benefits not only by the economic entity itself, but also contributes to the national income of the country. A certain philosophy of labor potential management is proposed, aimed at developing a special toolkit and acquiring new knowledge that can be used in labor potential management programs in wartime and postwar times. The originality and practical significance of the research is confirmed by the above philosophy of managing the labor potential of enterprises in modern conditions of uncertainty. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The implemented epistemology of labor potential management made it possible to state that labor potential is a complex system with certain properties that requires the formation of additional requirements both for the assessment of labor potential and for its management. Therefore, the formation of an effective philosophy of labor potential management requires the constant development of personnel, the development of special programs for the management of labor potential based on the existing conditions of uncertainty of enterprises, including war and post-war times. Further research will be aimed at the development of special labor potential management programs, based on the sphere of activity of enterprises and their regional location

IMPACT OF APPRENTICESHIP ON THE EMPLOYMENT OF TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATES

Over time, it has been proven that the most effective way to train specialists, especially for the 3-5 qualification level, is by involving the trainees in practical activities carried out within economic entities, giving them the opportunity to learn in real working conditions . In this article, we aim to address the apprenticeship and their impact on the students graduating from vocational technical education from the perspective of their employment after graduation. The research methods used were quantitative (1286 respondents) involving final year students from 13 educational institutions (5 - centers of excellence, 1 - college, 7 - vocational schools). The questioning of the respondents focused on the students' appreciation of the quality and relevance of internships within the economic entities, as well as topics aimed at their opportunity to engage in the labor field. Given the subject under investigation, we believe that the results included in this article will be of great interest to representatives of educational institutions, economic entities, as well as researchers in the field.

What does e-invoice data bring to SNA and real-time economy?

This paper explores the potential of electronic invoice data to enhance the System of National Accounts (SNA) and facilitate a Real-Time Economy (RTE). The rise of data science and advancements in information and communication technologies have increased the use of big data in economic statistics. E-invoice data is being digitized in Europe to detect VAT fraud, but it also contains a vast amount of information on economic entities that make up the SNA. This study focuses on integrating electronic accounting information to improve the coverage, granularity, and update speed of SNA. The paper examines the concept of RTE, which emphasizes real-time data processing and automation, particularly in Estonia and Finland. It also highlights the benefits and challenges of using invoice data for economic statistics, including issues related to data storage formats, legislative systems, and the coordination of data linkages. The research demonstrates invoice data’s theoretical and practical applications for constructing Input–Output Tables (IOTs) and monitoring financial situations. Despite the technical and institutional hurdles, the study suggests integrating invoice data can significantly transform economic statistics.

Социально-этический маркетинг как инструмент реализации концепции устойчивого развития социально ответственной организации

The issues of using the concept of sustainable development in the management practice of modern enterprises and organizations focused on development and permanent strategic growth are updated. The indicators of sustainable development of an economic entity in the trinity of economic, social and environmental indicators are presented. It is determined that the concept of socio-ethical marketing implemented by the organization as a tool of a socially responsible organization maximally contributes to achieving the goals of a progressive modern concept. The analysis of the tools of social and ethical marketing of the EFKO Group of Companies (EFKO Group) of the Belgorod region, one of the largest food companies in the Russian Federation, a leader in the fat and oil industry market, guided in its activities by the principles inherent in the concept of sustainable development. The dynamics of the main indicators of the Group's economic activity against the background of permanent investments in the implementation of social and ethical activities is presented. The correlation of the value of social investments (expenses for social and ethical marketing) and the value of sales (revenue) of EFKO Group indicates a close relationship between the analyzed indicators. The profit forecast using the exponential smoothing method against the background of growing social investments and social and ethical activity of EFKO Group proves the expediency (including economic) of implementing social and ethical marketing and defines this toolkit as contributing to the growth of the organization's competitiveness not only through active marketing activities, but also through the formation and maintaining a positive image and business reputation of the company; strengthening the image of a socially oriented employer, which is confirmed by the results of independent comparative studies and assessment of the investment and credit attractiveness of companies in the market.

New Types of Reference Materials in the Field of Ionizing Radiation Measurements

In the Russian Federation, obligations to comply with radiation safety apply to all legal entities and individuals whose activities may result in the irradiation of people and the environment. Protection from dangerous ionizing radiation is a combination of legislative, economic and engineering measures. Part of this system is metrological support for the activities of economic entities. The State Verification Schedule for means measuring radionuclide activity flux and flux density of alfa-, beta-particles and photons of radionuclide source has undergone a number of changes. In particular, it establishes the role of reference materials as one of the main means of transferring units of specific activity and activity of radionuclides from the State Primary Standard for the units of radionuclide activity, specific activity of radionuclides, flux of alpha, beta particles and photons of radionuclide sources GET 6–2016 to working standards and measuring instruments. The changes introduced into the State Verification Schedule require the development of new types of reference materials in the field of ionizing radiation. This article raises the main issues of development and approval of reference materials of radionuclide activity based on a mixture of radionuclide solutions and a liquid scintillator. A detailed explanation of the choice of radionuclides is presented, a brief description of the characterization method is given, and metrological characteristics of the developed reference materials are described. The reference materials developed and described in this article act as a new type of working standards in accordance with GOST 8.033-2023. The authors outlined a concept for the further development and application of new types of reference materials in the field of measuring the activity and specific activity of alpha- and beta-emitting radionuclides. The new types of reference materials described in the article will fully cover the need for means of verifying devices whose operating principle is based on detecting ionizing radiation using a liquid scintillator.

Some issues of state policy in the field of relocation of business entities under the influence of economically dangerous events

In recent years, Ukrainian businesses have been forced to make decisions to relocate their production and other facilities to safer regions of Ukraine or abroad. First of all, the relocation of business is directly related to the consequences of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation (one of the types of economically dangerous events). It should be noted that Ukraine currently lacks a unified state policy on the relocation of business entities under the influence of economically dangerous events. This causes additional difficulties both for the business itself (business does not understand the direction of this policy) and for the state (due to the lack of a strategic vision). The article aims at defining the purpose of the State policy in the area of relocation of business entities under the influence of economically dangerous events and the basic principles of this policy. These are the principles on which the State policy is based and which ensure its effectiveness. The principles of the State policy in the field of relocation of economic entities under the influence of economically hazardous events are based on the principles of the State regulatory policy in the field of economic activity, which are most relevant. As a result of the study, the author defines the purpose of the state policy in the field of relocation of business entities under the influence of economically hazardous events, namely: to facilitate the continuity of economic activity under the influence of economically hazardous events by relocating production and other facilities to safer regions of Ukraine For the first time, the author outlines the main principles of the state policy in the field of relocation of economic entities under the influence of economically dangerous events: universal (expediency, adequacy, efficiency, timeliness, efficiency, balance, predictability, planning and forecasting, scientific support, transparency and openness, availability of state support); special (validity, security, integration, competition (ensuring a competitive component), promotion of territorial development, social responsibility). Each of these principles was also described.

Analysis of postdisaster economy using high-resolution disaster and economy simulations.

We present an integrated framework that utilizes high-resolution seamless simulations of disasters and national economies for estimating the economic impacts of disasters. The framework consists of three components: a physics-based simulator to simulate the disaster and estimate the response of the infrastructure; a tool that estimates the losses suffered by the infrastructure based on its response; and an agent-based economic model (ABEM) that simulates the national economy considering the infrastructure damage and postdisaster decisions of the economic entities. The ABEM used in the framework has been implemented in a high-performance computing environment to simulate large economies at 1:1 scale. Furthermore, it has been calibrated to the Japanese economy using publicly available macroeconomic data and validated to the Japanese economy under the business-as-usual scenario. We demonstrate the integrated framework by simulating a potential Nankai-trough earthquake disaster and estimating its impacts on the Japanese economy. The seismic response of 1.8 million buildings of the Osaka-bay area has been estimated using a large-scale earthquake disaster simulator and corresponding repair costs are estimated using the Performance Assessment Calculation Tool. As per our estimates, repair costs amount to approximately 15 trillion Yen. Considering the investments made by impacted households and firms toward recovery, the postdisaster economy is simulated using the ABEM for 5 years under two recovery scenarios. Industrial production is expected to recover in three quarters whereas 10-13 quarters will be required to finish all the repairwork.

Assessment of the effectiveness of management at the regional level based on the analysis of the activities of authorities

Relevance. The problem of effective management of regional development is becoming more and more urgent due to the emergence of new conditions (obstacles) of functioning, which pose the task of creating programs for the most effective management of subjects to the regions of Russia and executive authorities. It is important to note the choice of the subject: the Kursk region is an important region of the Central Federal District due to its potential and geographical location.The subject has a specialization in important sectors of the entire Russian economy, but at the same time may face inefficient management, which will cause a decline in the regional economy. The purpose is to assess the effectiveness of management of an economic entity on the example of the Kursk region by analyzing the activities of executive authorities.Objectives: to establish the parameters of effective management; to study regional policy as a means of increasing the effectiveness of regional development; to study methods for assessing the effectiveness of regional development through the prism of actions of public authorities; to compare the economic structures of the Kursk region and neighboring regions of the region using specific methodologies; to identify the main problems in the development of the Kursk region.Methodology. To carry out the research, methods of system analysis and synthesis, statistical data processing, as well as comparative and expert analysis are used. The results of the study include an analysis of the effectiveness of regional policy in the Kursk region and the identification of the main problems in the activities of government agencies that affect the economic growth of the subject.Conclusions. The Kursk Region is an ambiguous region regarding the quality of regional economic management. Studying the state support of subjects, their management by authorities, we can say that in the field of ecology and industrial development, the state supports the region sufficiently, since these areas are specialized in the region, which cannot be said about other areas. Despite the weak development of other industries, the state needs to provide significant support to such specialized sectors as agriculture and industry.