Economic Effects Of Immigration Research Articles

PRO-HUMAN ECONOMIC INDICATORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN ASEAN COUNTRIES: ANALYZING HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT, BRAIN DRAIN AND IMMIGRATION THROUGH PANEL DATA

The focus on the human development indicators has been increasing. A number of studies focusing on the institutional and economic effects of immigration, brain drain and development of human capital through increased investments has been performed. However, the present study evaluates the effects of these variables on the environmental sustainability of the ASEAN countries for the period ranging 1990-2019. The study evaluates the causal and magnitude of these indicators on the environmental sustainability. The study focuses on the evaluation of the data by means of a unit root test, panel cointegration test, estimation procedure and the causality analysis. The results show that the variables are integrated at the first order and are stationary, also the variables showed cointegration and long run relationships. The FMOLS estimation process using the grouped and pooled estimation technique has been used. The results show that the effects of immigration are insignificant on environmental sustainability, brain drain has an inverse relation and the human capital investments show positive associations with environmental sustainability. Moreover, the causality analysis also shows positive causal associations to be present between the dependent, independent and control variables. The study has important theoretical and practical implications as well.

Economic Aspects of Migration Processes in Bulgaria

The paper studies the development of migration processes to and from Bulgaria and their impact on the country’s economic development. More specifically, it addresses the characteristics and trends of emigration from Bulgaria and those of immigration to the country. Its aim is to explore the complex internal structure and trends in individual migration flows in a very interesting historical period in which two strong external factors influence Bulgaria, the EU and the whole world in general – the global financial and economic crisis and the refugee crisis. In this environment, the processes are developing dynamically, changing the balances in the various migrant groups and increasing the unpredictability of migration. The paper firstly presents the European labour market and the free movement of people as external environment of migratory movements. It studies all structural features of outgoing migration, then the characteristics of incoming migration to the country. Lastly, it assesses the demographic and economic effects of immigration. Instead of a conclusion, the paper draws some recommendations on some effective policies to deal with the negative effects of emigration.

Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration

AbstractIn this article, I jointly investigate the political and the economic effects of immigration, and study the causes of anti-immigrant sentiments. I exploit exogenous variation in European immigration to U.S. cities between 1910 and 1930 induced by World War I and the Immigration Acts of the 1920s, and instrument immigrants’ location decision relying on pre-existing settlement patterns. I find that immigration triggered hostile political reactions, such as the election of more conservative legislators, higher support for anti-immigration legislation, and lower redistribution. Exploring the causes of natives’ backlash, I document that immigration increased natives’ employment, spurred industrial production, and did not generate losses even among natives working in highly exposed sectors. These findings suggest that opposition to immigration was unlikely to have economic roots. Instead, I provide evidence that natives’ political discontent was increasing in the cultural differences between immigrants and natives. Results in this article indicate that, even when diversity is economically beneficial, it may nonetheless be socially hard to manage.

Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration

In this paper, I jointly investigate the political and the economic effects of immigration and study the causes of anti-immigrant sentiments. I exploit exogenous variation in European immigration to U.S. cities between 1910 and 1930 induced by World War I and the Immigration Acts of the 1920s as well as instrument immigrants' location decision relying on pre-existing settlement patterns. I find that immigration triggered hostile political reactions, such as the election of more conservative legislators, higher support for anti-immigration legislation, and lower redistribution. Exploring the causes of natives' backlash, I document that immigration increased natives' employment, spurred industrial production, and did not generate losses even among natives working in highly exposed sectors. These findings suggest that opposition to immigration was unlikely to have economic roots. Instead, I provide evidence that natives' political discontent was increasing in the cultural differences between immigrants and natives. Results in this paper indicate that, even when diversity is economically beneficial, it may nonetheless be socially hard to manage.

Impact de l’immigration, conséquences pour les immigrants : nouveaux résultats utilisant des données d’entreprises et sociales

For some time, many researchers have argued that the success of the next generation of research on the performance of immigrants in the labour market would be largely dependent on developing new databases. The conference organised by the CIQSS in October 2018 defined as its objective an examination of how far new databases are assisting in producing new research results and advancing the discussion of immigrants’ performance in the labour market as well as of the economic impact of immigration. This research note examines the contributions to this conference and concludes that, thanks partly to recent longitudinal databases, new research does offer innovative findings on both the factors involved in integration and also the economic effects of immigration.

The Economic Effects of Immigration

The Economic Effects of Immigration

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ

Global migration radically increases the number of foreign born and their descendents, as well as birthplace, linguistic, ethnic and confessional diversity of the population in more developed regions of the world. Such cultural heterogeneity is being translated into a motley mosaic of cultural identities changing in the course of intercultural contacts through the lifespan and with succeeding generations. The economic effects of immigration cannot be comprehensively explained as part of traditional economic theory without taking into account the factor of culture and its economic resources. On the one hand, the economy of diversity is based on cultural capital which presupposes cultural predisposition of certain diasporas representatives to business activities, and on resources of economic agents belonging to the same culture. On the other hand, such effects are generated by usage of special assets of cultural multiplicity being formed through interaction of cognitions, values, norms and practices referring to different cultures and influencing economic preferences, choices and other forms of economic behavior. Multicultural composition of a receiving society is being reproduced in multiplicity of “ethnic economies” on the back of the “big economy”, as well as in joint economic activities of descendents from different states and civilization areas implementing complementarities between competences relevant to different types of mentalities. The usage of such resources makes local economies more balanced, contributes to increase in productivity, innovation and foreign trade, making development more dynamic, competitive and sustainable. At the same time, cultural diversity may generate economic losses due to ethno-linguistic fragmentation of receiving societies and conflicts within them. Adequate immigration policies, in particular, an efficient governance of cultural diversity, successful migrant integration outcomes and collaborative intercultural relations are crucial for making the benefits of diversity overweight the risks of ethno-cultural fragmentation in receiving societies.

Mass migration under sail: European immigration to the antebellum United States

Dr Cohn provides an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of the economic history of European immigration to the antebellum United States, using and evaluating the available data as well as presenting fresh data. This analysis centers on immigration from the three most important source countries - Ireland, Germany, and Great Britain - and examines the volume of immigration, how many individuals came from each country during the antebellum period, and why those numbers increased. The book also analyzes where they came from within each country; who chose to immigrate; the immigrants' trip to the United States, including estimates of mortality on the Atlantic crossing; the jobs obtained in the United States by the immigrants, along with their geographic location; and the economic effects of immigration on both the immigrants and the antebellum United States. No other book examines so many different economic aspects of antebellum immigration.

The Economic Effects of Immigration into the United Kingdom

This article is concerned with the economic effects of immigration. The emphasis is on Britain, but extensive material is also provided on other countries. Since 1997 a new British immigration policy has displaced previous policy aims, which were focused on minimizing settlement. Large‐scale immigration is now seen as essential for Britain's economic well‐being, and measures have been introduced to increase inflows. The benefits claimed include fiscal advantages, increased prosperity, a ready supply of labor, and improvements to the age structure. Fears that large‐scale immigration might damage the interests of unskilled workers are discounted. This article examines these claims. It concludes that the economic consequences of large‐scale immigration are mostly minor, negative, or transient, that the interests of more vulnerable sections of the domestic population may well be damaged, and that any economic benefits are unlikely to bear comparison with immigration's probable substantial and permanent demographic and environmental impact. Our claims are in line with those from other developed countries.

The economic effects of immigration—a dynamic analysis

This paper examines the economic effects of immigration using a neo-classical growth model with overlapping dynasties. We demonstrate that in contrast to the predictions of the static models often used in the analysis of immigration, in a dynamic model with endogenous capital accumulation, shifts in factor prices that result from changes in immigration policy will be very modest. Consequently, benefits to natives from immigration are much smaller than previous studies have found—and smaller still if labor supply is elastic. On the other hand, the adverse effects on wages are much smaller as well—implying that in a model with only two inputs, immigration plays a much smaller role in redistribution from labor to capital than previously thought.

Help or hindrance?: the economic implications of immigration for African Americans

This is a collection of 14 studies by various authors on the economic implication of immigration in the United States for African Americans. The first group [of papers] deals either directly or by implication with the impact of immigration on the labor-market outcomes experienced by African Americans and other minorities.... Immigration can affect the economic circumstances of African Americans in a variety of ways that are not directly part of the employment relationship. These include pre-labor-market effects such as those that occur through the accumulation of knowledge in formal education; effects on non-labor-market activities such as housing choices and criminal activities; and impacts on workers choices of whether to enter employment or to become self-employed instead. Part two...provides economic analyses of these other activities.... Taken all together the results of the various research projects indicate that recent immigration to the United States appears to have exerted small negative effects on the economic situations of African Americans.... In part [three] an invited group of commentators...remind us that it is one thing to try to estimate both the economic effects of immigration in general and those effects on African Americans in particular but an altogether different thing to try to estimate the effects of immigration on the countrys overall social welfare. (EXCERPT)

Nations of Immigrants: Australia, the United States, and International Migration.

Immigration has profoundly shaped the national development of countries like the United States and Australia, who were both founded as settler societies. They have both been transformed by successive waves of immigration, first from Europe, and then from every other part of the world. The policies that these countries have enforced regarding immigration, recruitment, and settlement have had as equally far-reaching consequences for the oppressed and hopeful peoples of the world. With the current ongoing changes in the international arena, Canada, Australia, and the United States are still the primary countries to which most migrate. Surprisingly, nothing has been written to compare these countries' immigration experiences and there is little evidence to exchange of government information on policies relating to the field. Nations of Immigrants bridges these academic and governmental gaps with the first comparison of immigration policy in Australia and the United States. The work is divided into four sections: immigration regulation and control, economic effects of immigration, settlement issues, and multiculturalism and conflict. Written by scholars and professionals from both shores of the Pacific, this work clearly identifies pertinent aspects in the comparison and investigates how policymakers might learn from one another. This work is also essential for students and scholars to better understand the changing dynamics of the immigration history and policies of these countries.

The economic effects of immigration

The basic theory is presented through a parable, showing that immigrants do not lower the incomes of natives, on balance. The main empirical issues are also discussed: contrary to popular belief, immigrants into the U.S. and Canada, and almost surely into Europe as well, pay more in taxes than they receive in welfare transfers, thereby enriching natives. Also, an extensive body of recent research finds that immigration does not increase native unemployment.

A Reinterpretation of the CIE Projections of the Long‐Run Economic Effects of Immigration*

The 1988 Committee to Advise on Australia's Immigration Policies uses ORANI projections of increasing GDP per head as indicators of the economic benefits of immigration. We show that the projections imply that immigration reduces incumbents' pre‐tax real incomes, leaving their post‐tax incomes unchanged The rise in GDP per head is due to immigrants' relatively high participation rates. We argue that distributional information is important in assessing the effects of immigration.

A brief for a tax-based U.S. immigration policy

This paper briefly reviews the present state of U.S. immigration policy from an economic perspective. It contends that the present system confounds two independent dimensions of immigration policy—residence and employment. It argues that far too much attention is paid to who is admitted to the U.S. and far too little to what people do once they enter. The proposed policy is a system of taxes and transfer payments designed to regulate the employment of foreign nationals and to compensate domestic workers who are adversely affected economically. The paper works out the economics of the tax and demonstrates that such a system could ideally remove all adverse economic effects of immigration.

Some Economic Effects of Immigration: A General Equilibrium Analysis

Some Economic Effects of Immigration: A General Equilibrium Analysis