Economic Development Strategy Research Articles

Neural network analysis of energy efficiency of the regional economy as a factor of Russia's sustainable development under conditions of big challenges

Subject. We consider the energy efficiency of Russia’s regional economy and its impact on sustainable development of the country in the face of big challenges. Objectives. The focus is on solving the multidimensional task of analyzing the development of energy efficiency of the economy of Russian regions, which relates to difficult-to-formalize tasks and harmonizes with modern requirements of competitiveness. Methods. We employ the cluster analysis based on neural networks, which are a relevant component of artificial intelligence. We also use the toolkit of artificial neural networks, i.e. Kohonen self-organizing maps. The said tools are free from model limitations and external interference in the functioning of the neural network, and enable to visualize the clustering results of multidimensional data space on the plane. Results. The cluster analysis of heterogeneous data enabled to distribute Russian regions across eight cluster formations. The considered indicators characterizing the energy efficiency of Russia’s regional economy had different effects on the creation of clusters. We obtained a significant unevenness of the distribution of Russian regions by cluster: the number of regions in clusters varied more than fourfold. We determined different levels of energy efficiency of the regions’ economy according to the studied indicators on cluster scale. This requires the application of different economic development strategies for regions of the Russian Federation in the focus of cluster formations. Conclusions. The paper shows the influence of big challenges on the development of energy efficiency of Russia. The findings indicate that to improve the sustainable and progressive development of Russia’s economy, innovative organizational and managerial methods are needed that generate a vector of orientation towards effective solution of urgent challenges facing the country.

An Innovative decision-making scheme for the high-quality economy development driven by higher education

It is essential to adhere to innovative leadership and teach students in accordance with their aptitude through the sustainable development of higher education. Promoting high-quality development of local universities is demanded and needed for the adaptive talent in this new era. This work aims to explore how high-quality higher education can provide innovative decision-making solutions for economic development in the digital economy (DE) era. First, the role of higher education in economic development is analysed. Then, the importance of human capital cultivated by higher education to economic development is explained. The innovations are as follows. (1) A high-quality economic development index system in the Yangtze River Basin is established according to the requirements of quality change, dynamic change, and efficiency change in the economic development of the Yangtze River Economic Zone (YREZ). (2) The entropy weight method in intelligent decision-making and TOPSIS sorting technology are used to study the dynamic relationship between DE development and the premium-quality economic advance of the provinces and cities in the YREZ from 2015 to 2021. (3) The analysis part adopts three indicators of mean logarithmic deviation, Theil index, and the Gini coefficient to discuss the regional differences in economic development. Finally, a targeted development strategy is proposed. The results indicate that the DE level of each province in the YREZ in recent years has reached a maximum of 3.9309 and a minimum of 0.2844. The economic development of each province is relatively different, and the level of development is uneven. The overall Moran's I of the premium-quality economic development level of the YREZ in recent years is greater than 0, passing the significance test. This result suggests a positive spatial autocorrelation between them. The research provides data support for the formulation of economic development strategies for the YREZ in the future and reflects the key role of higher education in human capital training and economic development.

Research on the Strategy of my country's Rural Economic Development in the New Era

At present, the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development in our country is most prominent in rural areas, mainly manifested in: periodical oversupply and undersupply of agricultural products coexist, the quality of agricultural supply needs to be improved urgently; The overall level of rural development needs to be improved urgently. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is an inevitable requirement to solve the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development, it is an inevitable requirement to realize the "two centenary" goals, and it is an inevitable requirement to realize the common prosperity of all people. Inevitably required.

Research on the Effect of Digital Economy Development on Local Financial Pressure

<p>The vigorous development of the digital economy provides a new research perspective for alleviating local financial pressure. Based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020, the mediating effect model and threshold regression model were used to explore the effect and mechanism of the digital economy on local fiscal pressure. The research shows that the digital economy has a significant alleviating effect on local financial pressure by increasing fiscal revenue, and this alleviating effect has a threshold effect on entrepreneurial activity. From the perspective of dimension, the alleviating effect of the digital economy development environment on local financial pressure is better than that of digital industrialization and industrial digitization. From a regional perspective, the digital economy has the most apparent impact on the western region. In addition, the quantile regression results show that with the increase in financial pressure, the easing effect of the digital economy shows an inverted U-shaped change. Therefore, in order to effectively alleviate the financial pressure on local governments, China should continue to promote the development of the digital economy, take multiple measures to increase entrepreneurial activity, and encourage various regions to implement differentiated digital economy development strategies according to local conditions.</p>

Analysis of Demand and Structural Changes in China’s Water Resources over the Next 30 Years

The medium and long-term demand prediction for water resources is critical to the country’s macro-allocation of water resources and the formulation of a long-term regional economic development strategy. However, the official prediction report of China’s water resources was created ten years ago, and its results are far from accurate in practice making it difficult to direct China’s water resource planning in the coming ten years. By introducing the demand forecasting method for the first time, this study built a mathematical prediction model that integrates “data constraint + mathematical prediction + actuarial prediction”. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The new method developed in this research is more accurate than previous prediction methods and has a higher degree of matching with actual data. Despite the problem of trend extrapolation, this model can accurately understand the long-term trend. However, the amount of data must be calculated. (2) China’s consumption of total water, agricultural water, industrial water, domestic water, and ecological water will predict to be 552.9 billion m3, 319.1 billion m3, 95.7 billion m3, 95.5 billion m3 and 42.6 billion m3 in 2030, respectively, as well as 504.7 billion m3, 281.1 billion m3, 61.4 billion m3, 101.4 billion m3, and 60.8 billion m3 in 2050, respectively, indicating obvious structural changes. (3) China’s industrial structure evolves frequently; therefore, water resource forecasting must account for changes in industrial structure as well as geographical variances. In North China, agricultural water demand will fall, but ecological water investment will rise. The planning and distribution of the nation’s water resources will significantly be influenced theoretically and practically by the development of this methodology study. This method is universal and can be used for long-term prediction of future water demand in other countries.

National Big Data Experimental Area and the Unexpected Booming of the Housing Price in Guiyang of Guizhou Province of China

Enterprise Zone is an important part of the regional economic development strategy. This paper investigates the impact of overall urban development and construction of the National Big Data (Guizhou) Experimental Area on the housing prices and found out that the construction of the National Big Data (Guizhou) Experimental Area is more conducive to the rise in suburban housing transaction prices. The paper empirically proves that the construction of the National Experimental Zone is more conducive to small family housing and leads to the increase in the suburban housing trading area, which further implies that the National Big Data (Guizhou) Experimental Area project may lead to the migration of residents to the suburbs, thus the increasing the housing price. Such regional planning is conducive to the changing spatial distribution of the residents, relocating the residents to find jobs and live in the suburbs, and increasing the value of suburban areas. This paper provides evidence to quantify the externalities and the premium of the housing prices in the surrounding area and provides empirical evidence on the spatial externalities in the literature.

Spatial and temporal effects of China’s digital economy on rural revitalization

The paper constructs an evaluation index system of China’s digital economy and rural revitalization development, including 46 indicators of digital economy and rural revitalization subsystem, and analyzes the impact of China’s digital economy on rural revitalization by combining spatial Markov analysis method and spatial econometric model, and finds that:① The spatial heterogeneity of rural revitalization pattern is obvious, and the difference between north and south is more prominent, and the spatial clustering characteristic of rural revitalization pattern The spatial clustering characteristics are obvious, and the degree of clustering decreases with the increase of the spatial distance threshold. ② Digital economic development can significantly promote the level of rural revitalization in the region, and this finding is found to be robust by introducing the exogenous policy shock test of the Outline of Digital Rural Development Strategy, and digital economic development has a significant spatial siphon effect and can influence the level of rural revitalization in neighboring regions. Considering spatial heterogeneity, the regression results based on the multi-distance economic circle show that the siphoning effect of digital economy on rural revitalization in other regions peaks at 700 km ③Main contribution: It reveals that implementing a differentiated digital economy development strategy and enhancing the radiation of polarized regions are important for reducing regional differences in digital economy and rural revitalization to realize the coordinated development of China’s digital countryside.

Thematic Review of Motivational Factors, Types of Uncertainty, and Entrepreneurship Strategies of Transitional Entrepreneurship among Ethnic Minorities, Immigrants, and Women Entrepreneurs

The current study examines the motivational factors, types of uncertainty, and entrepreneurship strategies of transitional entrepreneurship among ethnic minorities, immigrants, and women entrepreneurs, drawing insights from an extensive literature review. To understand the dynamics of transitional entrepreneurship, a thematic review, a qualitative research tool, was used to analyze the research problem and provide answers to the research questions. Three insightful findings emerged from the thematic review. First, six broad themes emerged as catalysts for transitional entrepreneurship among the three focused entrepreneurs, namely, the institutional environment, push factors, pull factors, ethnic resource dependence, cultural inheritance, and gender identity issues. Specific elements of each of the six themes are explicated. Moreover, two levels of uncertainty (Levels 1 and 2) confront transitional entrepreneurs depending on countries and institutional contexts. Level 1 uncertainty presents a clear future with likelihoods, possibilities, and probabilities of success, while Level 2 uncertainty presents several alternate paths and trajectories with a blurred possibility of success for these entrepreneurs. Finally, transitional entrepreneurs leverage optioned and adaptive entrepreneurship strategies in different ways to cope with the two types of uncertainty in their host countries. Given the prospects of TE, the paper provides implications on how to remove the institutional barriers facing transitional entrepreneurs for more balanced socioeconomic inclusion in host countries. It further explicates a need to leverage the motivational factors and entrepreneurship strategies for economic development. By providing a theoretical-based framework of motivations, types of uncertainty, and entrepreneurship strategies, the paper bridges the gaps in the literature and contributes to a better way of understanding TE among ethnic minorities, immigrants, and women entrepreneurs in the period of transition.

The Labour Rights Protection of Migrant Fishing Workers in Taiwan: Case Study of Nan-Fang-Ao Fishing Harbor

Marine fisheries are undeniably important to Taiwan in terms of economic development and industrial strategies. In the past 10 years, Taiwan’s fishery GDP accounted for 14% to 21% of all agriculture, forestry, fishery, and animal husbandry, which is higher than both animal husbandry and forestry. Since the domestic population structure of Taiwan has changed, the domestic fishery industrial labor force has gradually been replaced by migrant fishing workers. The issue of migrant fishing workers’ protection has received attention from non-governmental organizations, and cross-national recruitment administration has become the greatest challenge faced by Taiwan’s authority. Therefore, this paper describes the necessary protection of the labor conditions and interests of migrant fishermen by analyzing their status and human rights protection in the historical development of Taiwan’s marine fisheries. In addition, considering the well-being of migrant fishing workers, this paper conducts a feasibility assessment on the operation of the “Nan-Fang-Ao Fishermen’s Hostel” at the Nan-Fang-Ao Fishing Harbor and illustrates the urgent need to re-examine the migrant fishing workers’ protection. This paper suggests that the government agencies should actively advise employers to accept migrant fishermen’s requests for better living environments onshore and guarantee basic living conditions.

The study of motion of the snow and swamp-going vehicle with the traction electric drive, based on the Emrax 228 electric motor

BACKGROUND: Ensuring transport accessibility of arctic zones of the RF, according to the strategy of social and economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030, is an important and relevant objective.
 AIMS: The article contains the results of the study of motion of the 6WD snow and swamp-going vehicle with traction electric drive, developed at the Wheeled vehicles department of Bauman MSTU as part of development of snow-going vehicles line-up for the sake of improvement of transport accessibility for people living in arctic zone of the RF.
 METHODS: On the basis of the RM 650-2 6X4 all-terrain vehicle, the state-of-the-art electric snow- and swamp-going vehicle with a light-weight welded frame, an electric power unit, a lithium battery as a power-supply source and electromechanical transmission was designed. The vehicle equipped with systems of control, cooling and lighting as well as sensors and measuring complexes. Studies were carried out with various vehicle operation modes (on direct gear with current limit, without current limit and on low gear). Soil road and prepared cross-country terrain were used as a profiled track.
 RESULTS: The time-domain diagrams of traction electric drive operation and the vehicle dynamic characteristics were obtained as the study results.
 CONCLUSIONS: The obtained values and characteristics point at high level of vehicle power equipment and at prospects of designs, used in the snow-and swamp-going vehicle. The study results can be used for modernization of existing vehicles and for development of high-technology machinery, based on electric power unit.

Unraveling the Variation Pattern of Oncomelania hupensis in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on Spatiotemporal Analysis

The construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YEB) is a great national economic development strategy in China. As the YEB covers most endemic provinces of schistosomiasis japonica featured by low endemicity, this study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis), which serves as the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum in the YEB. Annual data reflecting the distribution of O. hupensis from 2015 to 2021 were collected from the National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Spatial autocorrelation analysis, hotspot analysis and space-time scan analysis were performed to explore the aggregation features and spatiotemporal dynamics of the snail distribution. The distribution of both total snail habitats (during 2015-2021) and emerging snail habitats (in 2016, 2018 and 2020) showed spatial autocorrelation (Z = 15.8~16.1, p < 0.05; Z = 2.3~7.5, p < 0.05). Hotspot (high-value areas in space) counties were mainly clustered in the alluvial plain of the middle and lower reaches of the YEB. Eight spatial and temporal clusters of snail habitats were scanned and were mainly concentrated in the counties of Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangsu provinces along the Yangtze River. The YEB carries a tremendous burden of O. hupensis. Surveillance and risk identification based on the snail presence should be strengthened to provide reference for protecting humans and public health security in the YEB.

Opportunity or Challenge? Carbon Emissions Reduction under New Development Pattern of Dual Circulation

China’s economic development strategy is undergoing an evolution from foreign to domestic circulation mainly, and at the same time faces the rigid constraints of “carbon peak before 2030” and “carbon neutrality before 2060”. However, both domestic and foreign trade also have an important impact on carbon dioxide emissions. To this end, this paper uses China’s 2017 multi-regional Input-Output table to systematically simulate the impact of the new development pattern on carbon emissions from the comprehensive perspective of production and consumption. Our simulations find that when the foreign circulation disappears, the total economic output will be hit hard, and carbon emissions will be greatly reduced; when the foreign circulation orientation weakens and the intensity of the domestic circulation is increased, the total economic output will increase to varying degrees, but the total carbon emissions will also increase by a certain extent. Among them, the increase in carbon emissions at the living end accounts for a considerable proportion, while the carbon emissions of electricity, heat production and supply, transportation, warehousing and postal services, metal smelting and rolling processing industries at the production end increase more. From a policy perspective, the government should promote green production and green consumption to achieve a balance between economic growth and carbon emission reduction.

Does fiscal decentralization support green economy development? Evidence from China.

China, as the world's largest energy consumer, has made the green economy a central component of its economic development strategy. However, how to effectively play the government's crucial role in promoting the development of the green economy has become the focus of research by a significant number of economic experts. This paper uses the Super-SBM model to measure the green economy development index by introducing carbon dioxide emissions and industrial "three wastes" emissions and analyzes the relationship between fiscal decentralization, green technology innovation, and the green economy from the vantage point of local government behavior. It is discovered that fiscal decentralization significantly inhibits the development of the green economy, and local green technology innovation activities in the last period will amplify this negative impact. The above findings pass the robustness test. After introducing comparative analysis of economic growth indicators that are measured by the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), the results show that only in the eastern region does fiscal decentralization both drive economic growth and do not inhibit green economy development by local government officials' political promotion motives and self-interested preferred expenditures, but overall economic promotion and green economy inhibition caused by fiscal decentralization exist simultaneously in the Yangtze River Economic Belt region, and significant heterogeneity differences exist in the rest of the regions. The findings suggest that regulating local government fiscal behavior and improving fiscal transparency are very important to promote the development of China's green economy.

Impact of Carbon Sequestration by Terrestrial Vegetation on Economic Growth: Evidence from Chinese County Satellite Data

Land vegetation plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentration. However, the impact of carbon sequestration of terrestrial vegetation on economic growth has not yet been reported in the literature, especially in the context of China’s current high-quality economic development strategy, and clarifying carbon sequestration on high-quality economic development has an important research-support role in achieving the goal of “carbon peak” and “carbon neutral”. Therefore, based on the panel data from 2735 countries and cities in China from 2000 to 2017, this statistical analysis adopts a dual-fixed-effect model to identify the heterogeneous impacts of land-based vegetation carbon sequestration on high-quality urban economic development. The results show that carbon sequestration by terrestrial vegetation has a significant positive impact on economic growth in northeast, central, south, and southwest China but not in north, east, or northwest China, and after a series of stability tests, the effect still holds. Terrestrial vegetation carbon sequestration affects economic growth mainly through upgrades of industrial structures, resource allocation effect, and vegetation coverage. This statistical model further clarifies the empirical evidence provided by vegetation carbon sequestration for high-quality economic development and the economic effects on afforestation and ecological conservation.

Does Technopark Play a Role in Local Economic Development? Case Study in Samosir Regency

Local economic development is one of the development policies that is considered appropriate and strategic in the context of regional development in Indonesia by optimally utilizing local resources. In line with this concept, the Government of Samosir Regency established a technopark as a centre for innovation based on inland fishery resources to encourage local economic activities for the community. The purpose of this study is to examine the strategy of the local government of Samosir Regency in developing the local economy through technopark based on inland fishery resources. The analytical tool used by the Analytical Network Process (ANP) includes analysis of aspects of factors, problems, solutions, and alternative strategies. Based on the results of the ANP analysis, the collaboration factor is the most influencing factor in strategy development. Meanwhile, in the problem aspect, the problem of limited infrastructure, low public interest and weak commitment, are the main problems that need to be resolved, so that the solution aspect becomes a priority is building trust between stakeholders, allocation of financing for infrastructure and socialization of coaching programs to the community. The formulation of the main strategy for local economic development through the development of technoparks based on the results of the ANP analysis is to build multi-stakeholder synergy to support local economic development in Samosir Regency.

The de-globalisation of capital? The political economy of community wealth building

ABSTRACT Community wealth building (CWB) is a strategy for local economic development that aims to (re-)circulate wealth within the places that produce it – a kind of de-globalisation of capital. CWB has come to prominence in the UK due to its implementation in Preston and endorsements from the Corbyn-led Labour Party. However, CWB has come under criticism for promoting protectionism. As a way into the political economy of CWB, this article analyses this criticism. We do so by bringing the policy debate in the UK into dialogue with political economy literature on protectionism and nationalism. We show that protectionism is as much a political weapon or slur used to discredit interventionist development strategies as it is an analytical concept at home in technical economic discourse. On this basis, we argue that CWB is not protectionist neither in its policy proposal nor in its wider worldview. However, CWB does limit itself to the local without a clear redistributive mechanism between municipalities and so risks siloing local areas from one another.

Public expenditure management and development in Nigeria: an examination of National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) 2004

In recent times there has been renewed emphasis on expenditure management because fiscal stress has constrained the ability of most countries, especially the developing world to provide social and economic infrastructure for their citizens. Hence, concerted efforts have been made in most developing countries to eliminate waste, control the inexorable rise in government expenditure and free up resources to provide social and economic infrastructure. This contribution critically examines the public expenditure management reform embedded in the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) 2004 by the Obasanjo regime in Nigeria. It assesses the impact of the reform on the nation’s development. The discourse is analytical, it relies on secondary data sources and adopts the New Public Management theory as its framework of analysis. It argues that the public sector expenditure reform encapsulated in NEEDS has been counterproductive. To improve the efficacy of the reform, corruption has to be addressed and transparency enhanced in our political institutions. In addition, there is need to re-launch our development priorities in line with local needs, local conditions and level of the productive forces.

Розвиток інвестиційно-інноваційного середовища в Україні та шляхи його відновлення в повоєнний час

The article examines the prerequisites for the development of the investment and innovation environment in Ukraine and suggests ways to restore it in the post-war period. The structure of investment and innovative development is determined and a characterization of its components is presented. A characterization of solving the general economic problems is given and the possibility of solving them at the expense of the State budget of Ukraine is analyzed. The necessity of attracting capital from international partners is substantiated. Some effective ways of using investment and innovation capital at Ukrainian enterprises are proposed, taking into account the importance of restoring and developing strategically important sectors of Ukraine in terms of economic renewal of Ukraine. For the purposes of research, methods of studying and generalizing the information, general theory of systems, system analysis and analysis of statistical data were used. The authors emphasize that the stabilization and development of the economy through the investment and innovation process will allow changing the structure of the State budget of Ukraine, increasing budget revenues and reducing costs, thereby more effectively managing the processes of resolving the economic crisis caused by russian aggression, as well as directing the funds that should be received to the budget as a result of the reparation procedure to restore the country’s economy. It is important to remember that there is no way to restore the economy in a short time, since the economy itself is an interconnection of many factors, therefore the authors substantiate that the economic development strategy should include, first of all, the restoration of infrastructure, the construction of new factories, investments in key industries of the economy of our country, and development of the creative industry. This can be implemented primarily due to changes in legislation for potential investors from abroad and domestic entrepreneurs in Ukraine, directed towards developing and supporting the small and medium-sized businesses. The conclusions made in this article can be used by economic entities to develop and establish guidelines for the activities of Ukrainian enterprises.

Heydar Aliyev's economic development strategy and a new quality phase

Heydar Aliyev, who played an exceptional role in the development of the Azerbaijani people and economy both during the Soviet period and after independence, and who was one of the most powerful personalities of his time, successfully used the qualities of a true leader and mobilized the government of the republic and all administrative structures to eliminate the backwardness in the economy. Independence Day is the brightest day in the history of Azerbaijan. Our people are celebrating state independence, moving forward on the glorious path of national indepen-dence, even though it is difficult. The years of independence are years of self-awareness and self-affirmation for our people.

The Outside World in China&amp;apos;s Strategy after the 20th CPC Congress

Since the beginning of reforms, China&amp;apos;s economic development strategy has been aimed at integrating into the existing international economic order and establishing close cooperation, primarily with developed countries. China was able to effectively use the emerging opportunities of economic globalization and became the second economy in the world, unwittingly challenging the international order that emerged after the collapse of bipolarity. The expansion and deepening of trade and economic ties with most countries of the world and an independent foreign policy have led to increased tension in relations between China and the United States and, at the same time, to increased support for China from developing countries. As a result of economic crises and policies to contain China, the international order based on economic ties began to collapse and be replaced by a geopolitical one. The outside world, from being the most important source of China&amp;apos;s development, which ensured the success of modernization and paved the way for the “Chinese Dream of Great Revival,” is turning into a source of major challenges and threats. The period of China&amp;apos;s relations with the outside world, which began with the Opium Wars, is coming to an end. In the context of growing international tension and renewed East-West confrontation, the nature of China&amp;apos;s relations with the outside world is changing, a new historical cycle of relations and a new stage in China&amp;apos;s development are beginning.