Economic Development In South Korea Research Articles

ТҮШТҮК КОРЕЯДАГЫ БИЛИМ БЕРҮҮ САПАТЫНЫН МОНИТОРИНГИ

This article examines the education quality monitoring system in South Korea, with a special focus on primary education. Covering key points about standardized testing, rating systems, and innovative teaching methods, it provides a comprehensive review of effective practices across the country. The author emphasized the importance of primary education in forming an educational culture that promotes the development of critical thinking and creative abilities of junior students. The findings of the study provide valuable lessons for other countries seeking to improve the quality of their education systems. Thе article discusses the education system and monitoring the quality of education in South Korea, which currently occupies a leading position in international educational rankings. Since 1995, South Korea has been participating in international studies to assess the quality of education TIMSS, since 2000 PISA and in recent years has been recognized as a leading country with a high level of education quality. One of the factors of the high quality of education in South Korea is the national character of the educational culture of Koreans, who traditionally consider education an important component of the future success of both the country and every family. According to the International Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the socio- economic development of South Korea does not have a direct impact on the educational achievements of the country, but is associated with an effective national education system. And as a result, the high quality of education leads to an increase in the socio-economic development of the country as a whole.

Shifts in Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcome for Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: Insights From a 20-Year Multicentre Registry Study in Korea.

The rapid economic development of South Korea provides a unique model to study changes in the clinical characteristics, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes of patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) relative to socioeconomic growth. From the Multicenter mitrAl STEnosis with Rheumatic etiology (MASTER) registry, 2,337 patients diagnosed with moderate or severe rheumatic MS between January 2001 and December 2020 were analyzed. Patients were grouped into consecutive 5-year intervals based on their year of diagnosis. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic data, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Over 20 years, the severity of mitral stenosis increased from 79.1% to 90.2%; similarly, the average age at diagnosis increased from 54.3 to 63.0 years (all P < 0.001). Comorbidities such as hypertension and atrial fibrillation increased (6.3% to 29.5% and 41.4% to 46.9%, respectively; all P for trend < 0.05). The rate of mitral intervention within five years after diagnosis increased from 31.2% to 47.4% (P for trend < 0.001). However, clinical outcomes of rheumatic mitral stenosis deteriorated over time in the composite outcomes (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Conversely, the incidence of stroke remained stable (60.6-73.7%; P < 0.001), which might be attributed to the increased use of anticoagulation therapy. This study observed an increase in patient age, comorbidities, and valve disease severity as the country transitioned from a developing to developed status. Despite a rise in mitral valve interventions, clinical outcomes deteriorated over 20 years, highlighting the need for modified treatment approaches to improve patient outcomes.

Regional Revitalization through the Expansion of Smart Agriculture

This study investigates the impact of regional innovation initiatives on economic development in South Korea. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study demonstrates a compelling relationship between regional innovation efforts and positive economic outcomes. Key findings reveal that regional innovation activities led to significant improvements in the region's economic prowess, as evidenced by increased GRDP, investment levels, and average monthly wages. Research and development (R&amp;D) expenditure and local government spending were identified as key drivers of economic revitalization, further contributing to enhanced employment rates in most regions. The study concludes that regional innovation plays a critical role in boosting the overall competitiveness of a region. By fostering economic growth, generating employment opportunities, and attracting investment, regional innovation initiatives pave the way for sustainable local development. This paper is highlighting the positive impact of regional innovation on economic development in South Korea.

The future trajectory of carbon emissions in the process of carbon neutrality in South Korea

The excessive use of fossil energy in industrialization has caused the frequent occurrence of global warming and environmental pollution issues, which seriously threaten the sustainable social and economic development of South Korea and other countries. In response to the international community's call to effectively address climate change, South Korea has announced achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. In this context, this paper takes the carbon emission of South Korea from 2016 to 2021 as a sample and focuses on using the GM(1,1) model to predict the carbon emission change trajectory of South Korea in the process of achieving carbon neutrality. The results show: first, in the process of carbon neutrality, South Korea's carbon emissions show a downward trend, with an average annual rate of 2.34%. Second, by 2030, carbon emissions will decline to 502.34 Mt CO2e, down about 26.79% from the 2018 peak. By 2050, South Korea's carbon emissions will decline to 312.65 Mt CO2e, down about 54.44% from the 2018 peak. Third, it is difficult for South Korea to achieve its carbon neutrality target by 2050 based solely on its forest carbon sink storage capacity. Therefore, this study is expected to provide a reference for improving the carbon neutrality promotion strategy in South Korea and strengthening the construction of relevant systems of carbon neutrality, and so can provide some reference for other countries, including China, to improve policy design to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the global economy.

State and Social-Centered Approaches to The Political Economy of South Korea

This paper aims to analyze South Korea's development efforts by looking at the two differences between the state-centered and social-centered approaches. Both have different views from each other, but this is what the author tries to use to describe the process of South Korea's economic development during the Park Cung-Hee administration amidst the intervention of capitalist groups. Development is divided into three important phases; preconstruction, stabilization, and rapid development with a development strategy within a certain period of time and industrialization in many sectors. In the process, South Korea emphasizes the role of the government and other stakeholders who have a major role in the country's economic development, although in the midst of its development there are internal obstacles experienced by South Korea, South Korea actually shows its economic success today.

The Economic Achievement of China's Education Linking with South Korea

This article introduces the development history of China's education model since 1949 and South Korea's education model since the 1950s. In the paragraph, the influence of the two countries’ social culture, economic conditions, and political policies are brought into the discussion of the educational development route. Then, based on China's development model, compare the different experiences of the two countries and explore the possible development direction and potential. In this comparative study, the article points to the relevant success of Chinese education. The leading principles and more radical policies of the revolutionary era have helped the whole nation's primary education and improved the inequality of women's education to a certain extent. For Korean society, there have also vigorously developed basic education and achieved outstanding results in reducing illiteracy. At the same time, they also received guidance from western education policies and assistance from educational materials. This article shows three aspects that have an essential impact on education. First, due to the social influence that men are superior to women, equality of educational opportunities for women in South Korea is challenging. Second, Korean students face higher pressure than Chinese students to obtain admission notices from excellent universities. Third, China and South Korea's economic development must face international economic development. Both countries' success and attention to education will improve the path of sustainable economic development.

Catch-up economics and authoritarian politics: A case study from South Korea

Economic development is of great significance to all countries in the era of globalization. In the history of economic development of various countries, while some countries are still looking for the road of economic development, South Korea has made clear its goals and implemented quickly to make economic development. The economic theory of this is still of great reference to some countries today. In order to study the reasons for the rapid development of South Korea, based on the characteristics of South Korea's Catch-Up economy, combined with the Five-Year Plan and Authoritative Policies, summary and research. This article will use the method of case analysis and comparison, through case description, analysis, deficiencies, suggestions and conclusions to study and analyze the economic development of South Korea. The Korean model can be used for reference, but it needs to be implemented according to national conditions. Not every country is suitable for the Korean model.

The impact of Japanese institutions’ importing on the economic development of South Korea in the second half of the XX century

The impact of Japanese institutions’ importing on the economic development of South Korea in the second half of the XX century

ПОДАТКОВІ СТИМУЛИ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ: ДОСВІД ПІВДЕННОЇ КОРЕЇ

The article is devoted to the study of South Korea’s tax policy, its impact on the economic development of this country and ways to use the experience of its tax reforms for the postwar reconstruction of Ukraine. The study has found that a set of measures aimed at stimulating South Korea’s economic development included tax breaks aimed at supporting its export sector, with a focus on knowledge-intensive and high-tech products. The correlation analysis has been used in this study demonstrated the well-known export component of South Korea’s economic growth and has confirmed the positive impact of lower overall tax rates on the country’s GDP growth rate. However, the analysis showed that the correlation of GDP growth with tax revenues in total GDP is almost absent, which means no relationship between the share of taxes in GDP and its growth rate. It has been found that tax policy in combination with other economic measures had a positive impact on the economic development of South Korea. In particular, the country has used special depreciation, investment tax credit and tax free reserves, tax holidays and other tax benefits that had a positive impact on the development of science-intensive export-oriented production. However, it is difficult to measure the net effect of tax breaks on the Korean economy, as they have been accompanied by other measures, such as export industries, which also received widespread credit support in the 1960s. The analysis revealed that the main shortcomings of South Korea’s tax system, which have held back its economic growth for a long time, include the non-transparency of preferential taxation and the complexity of the tax system as a whole. However, in general, the analysis shows that the share of taxes in South Korea’s GDP compared to other countries is at an average level. The article identifies promising ways to use the Korean tax experience in our country. Given the experience of South Korea, the reform of Ukraine’s tax system in the direction of promoting a knowledge intensive export sector on the basis of transparency and prevention of corruption is considered as promising.

South Korea’s Economic Development and Trade Relations with Serbia: Trends and Perspectives

Abstract The spectacular economic development of South Korea in recent decades has continuously intrigued economists, academic community and general public. Whether such a development model be applied to other, less developed countries is one of the topics often explored in a number of studies and debates. Therefore, the principles of South Korean development model and the economic parameters of its foreign trade today, are some of the research aims of this paper. The research focuses on economic relations between South Korea and Serbia, current trends and prospects for future economic cooperation through the analysis of comparative advantage of the most prominent export products and industries, using the RCA index. The analysis shows that Serbia has a potential to further improve cooperation with South Korea in several export sectors, and coupled with investments in human resources and infrastructure, as well as the active promotion of Serbian market to South Korean companies, it may be one of the vectors of their future cooperation.

МОДЕЛЬ УПРАВЛІННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЮ ЕКОНОМІКОЮ У КОНТЕКСТІ СВІТОВОГО ДОСВІДУ

The study of public administration of national economy on the basis of benchmarking in the XXI century provides an opportunity to analyze the algorithm of solution of various problems of economic management in a particular country, to identify the level of their solution in comparison with other countries, to analyze the level of perception and implementation of their experience in Ukraine. The experience of other countries should be interpreted on the basis of its thoughtful consideration, taking into account the national interests of Ukraine, the peculiarities of its development. The article briefly systematizes the features of liberal, dirigiste, Japanese, social-democratic, centralized and decentralized models of economic management. The article reveals in more detail the model of economic dirigisme by the example of France, the Chinese model based on economic nationalism, the model of centralized economic management by the example of South Korea and the model of decentralized economic management by the example of Canada. As a result of the study, it is substantiated that the choice of the dirigiste model of economic management in France is due to the high share of the public sector in the country. The institutions of public sector management are extremely important components of the systems of state regulation of the economy. The main regulators of state management of the economy in France are: prices, the tax system, state support for small business and accelerated depreciation. The article also focuses our attention on the experience of economic management in China. Based on the national interest of the country, over 30 years China has created a model of development combining the advantages of planning, private initiative and competitive market, and has become a leading global economy and political force. Innovations in social management corresponded to the national and socio-economic specificity, the implementation was carried out as a smooth transition from outdated traditional ways of management to new ones. China has taught the world a brilliant lesson in innovation strategy. In the economic development of South Korea, the centralized management based on five-year political plans, which transformed the country from a backward agrarian country into a modern economy, competitive both in the domestic and in the world market, plays the main role. The generalization of the experience of relations between the center and the regions is considered on the example of Canada.

Wybrane komponenty współczesnej mentalności koreańskiej związane z grzecznością

Selected components of contemporary Korean mentality related to politeness In the twentieth century, Korea had a violent change in its history. Initially, Korea lost its independence and became a Japanese colony. It regained freedom after the defeat of Japan, but soon, the Korean War broke out. From that time until today, Korea has been divided into two parts: the southern one and the northern one. After the war, South Korea was a country under military dictatorship for a long time. South Korea after the Korean War belonged to one of the poorest countries over the world. In the present time, however, South Korea has become a country that has a great impact on the global economy. This change in history had a huge impact (positively and negatively) on the mentality of Koreans. The aim of my article is to present the economic development of South Korea from a Confucian point of view and to analyze the impact of Korean history in the twentieth century on the mentality of Koreans and its operation in Korean society (work ethos and ethos of science, Korean language, etc.).

Leader, Government, and Market: The Economic Development of South Korea and Taiwan in the 70s and 80s

South Korea and Taiwan experienced the extremely rare type of high-level, sustained postwar economic growth.While it has attracted the attention of many scholars who found out the identical pattern of economic developmentbetween South Korea and Taiwan by focusing on the similar structural conditions, relatively less attention has beengiven to the development mechanism South Korea and Taiwan employed to develop their economy. Furthermore,few studies have highlighted the role of actors in the process of economic development in South Korea and Taiwanbecause most of previous studies have focused on the structural conditions. This study aimed to examine how SouthKorea and Taiwan have developed their economy by discovering the type of a development mechanism employed.Based on using the set of secondary data source, this study found out that South Korea and Taiwan achieved aphenomenal economic development based on the export-oriented industrialization. However, South Korean economywas developed by the government-led development mechanism, while Taiwanese economy was developed by themarket-led development mechanism. And, the difference in the way of developing their economy was mainly causedby not only several structural conditions, such as the consensus between the government and private sector over thematter of economic development, the urgency of economic development, and the existence of vertical social system,but also the characteristics, such as the leadership style of key policy makers.

Evaluation of the Exposure to Environmental Pollutants Emanating from National Industrial Complexes

The industrial complexes built during the course of economic development in South Korea played a pivotal role in the country’s rapid economic growth. However, this growth was accompanied by health problems due to the pollutants released from the industrial complexes inevitably located near residential areas, given the limited land area available in South Korea. This study was conducted to evaluate the exposure to each pollutant emanating from industrial complexes for residents living in nearby areas, and to determine the substances requiring priority attention in future surveys. Pollutants were comprehensively categorized according to their emission and exposure levels based on data previously collected from the study areas. The emission, ambient concentration, and biomarker concentration levels of major pollutants emitted from eight national industrial complexes (Ulsan, Pohang, Gwangyang, Yeosu, Chungju, Daesan, Sihwa, and Banwol) were determined and tabulated. Each of the values was compared with the national/local average values, reference values, or control area concentrations depending on availability. Substances with completed exposure pathways and with high values for emissions, ambient concentrations, and biomarker concentrations were considered the substances posing exposure risks to the residents living near the corresponding industrial complex. The substances requiring continuous monitoring or supplementary exposure investigation were also categorized and presented. Lead and benzene had higher values for emissions, ambient concentrations, and biomarker concentrations in the Ulsan Industrial Complex area; thus, they were most likely to pose exposure risks to residents living in the area’s neighborhoods. In other areas, styrene, xylene, cadmium, nitrogen oxide, trichloroethylene, nickel, manganese, and chromium required continuous monitoring, and arsenic, nickel, manganese, and chromium required biomarker measurements. In conclusion, the substances identified and categorized in this study need to be given appropriate attention in future surveys on exposure risks and health effects related to industrial complexes.

Economic Development and South Korea’s UN PKO Participation

In this paper, we develop a theory on how economic development in South Korea has reshaped its foreign policy and examine the rising middle power’s personnel contributions to the United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations (PKOs) using a supply-side rational choice model. Not only do the results reaffirm economic development as the fundamental driving force of South Korea’s growing contributions to UN PKOs, a handful of factors that influence South Korea’s decision on UN PKO participation were also discovered. This study highlights an important approach to bridge our knowledge of the global peacekeeping endeavors and individual countries’ self-interested calculation.

Which Local Self-Governments Seek More Collaboration? Evidence from Interlocal Collaboration for Economic Development in South Korea

Existing studies on interlocal collaboration have focused on whether or not to form collaboration. However, we examine the extent to which local governments collaborate with each other. We measure collaboration by the number of partnering local governments in different partnerships, and test hypotheses on the potential factors affecting the degree of collaboration among local governments from a resource-based view. With a sample of 70 partnerships established for local economic development among 116 local governments in South Korea, we find that local governments with less financial resources and private sector capacity are likely to establish more collaborative partnerships. By contrast, local governments with more human resources are likely to build more partnerships with others.

Comparative Analysis of Economic Development in South Korea and Taiwan: Lessons for Other Developing Countries

Economic development in South Korea and Taiwan has received considerable scholarly attention, as they are two of the most successful cases since the 1960s. For all their similarities, differences also exist. Thus, we revisited economic development in South Korea and Taiwan to draw lessons for other developing countries. Our analysis indicates that no single development model will work in every country. Countries may learn from the successful cases but need to adjust the development model according to their political and economic conditions.

Study on dynamic factors striding across the middle income Trap-transnational empirical analysis based on quartile regression

It is a nation's dream of becoming the higher income country by striding across the middle income trap. We select Brazil, Malaysia, Mexico, Chile and South Korea as the research object, and analyze the influence factors with the economic growth of the middle income countries by using the quantile regression model. The researcher shows the influence factors for every a nation's economic growth are different with the different economic development. Because of the inertia of the economic development, the present scale of economic development will inevitably affect the future scale of economic development. The empirical analysis shows the influence degree of the present South Korea's economic development on the future South Korea's economic development is more significant than the other's four nations of the middle income trap. The factor such as the quantity of labor force, capital accumulation, the third industry, government consumption, etc, will have the different effect on the growth of the GNI per capita in the different economic development period.

Korean Wave sebagai Instrumen Soft Power untuk Memperoleh Keuntungan Ekonomi Korea Selatan

Korean wave is a term used to illustrate the product of South Korean pop culture that has been successfully exported to foreign countries in Asia, Europe, and America. By using the concept of 'soft power', this article argues that, while this phenomenon merely seems like an entertainment phenomenon, Korean wave has actually become a vital instrument that brings positive impacts towards the economic development of South Korea. The strategy to develop the Korean wave as a soft power instrument is actually something that Indonesia must be able follow. This might be useful as an alternative strategy to optimize the role of Indonesian local culture as an effort to drive the national economy in order to face the current global challenges.

Internet of things for smart crime detection

The rapid economic development in South Korea has resulted in increase of crimes. Timely detection and reduction of crimes are primary focus of police officers. Internet of Things (IoT) and increasingly cheap and wearable sensors can be used to facilitate this task. Generally, the application of IoT technologies to the fields of smart cities, smart logistics and healthcare can be seen more often. In this paper, we present the design of IoT based smart crime detection system. The proposed system is able to detect crimes in real-time by analyzing the human emotions.