Ecology In Russia Research Articles

Fifty Years of Fundamental Ecology in Russia: Quantitative Insight into the Thematic Structure of Studies

The present study analyzed trends in the thematic scope of Russian ecological publications over the period from 1970 to 2019 with the use of the journal Ecology (Russian Journal of Ecology) as a case study. The content of each publication was evaluated via expert appraisal based on its correspondence to the organizational levels of living matter (organism, population, species, community, and ecosystem). Ecology in Russia and internationally was shown to be a species-centric or even organism-centric science. From 2003 onward, however, the thematic orientation of ecology has shifted significantly toward an increase in interest in populations and communities as opposed to species. By contrast, ecosystem studies constitute only a small percentage of all publications throughout the study period. Despite some distinctive features of the historical development of ecology in the Soviet Union (ideological pressure), the developmental trends in Russian ecology were essentially the same as those on the global scale. It can be concluded that systemic ideas have not been widely adopted in modern ecology as a whole. This is likely to be one of the reasons for a distorted public perception of ecology.

Обзор использования ГИС и дистанционного зондирования для устойчивого лесоводства и экологии в России и Китае

Обзор использования ГИС и дистанционного зондирования для устойчивого лесоводства и экологии в России и Китае

Лингвистическая характеристика текста экологической тематики

The article discusses the structural and semantic features of a regional newspaper text on environmental topics. The material contains 30 texts from the socio-political newspaper “Rech” of the city of Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast, published during 2017 - the Year of Ecology in Russia. It is shown that the newspaper text on environmental topics has the structure of an inverted pyramid, when important information is presented at the beginning of the article, and detailing is presented in the second part; the photographs accompanying the texts have a different visual-grammatical structure and can be interpreted as one-part and two-part sentences. In the semantic aspect, it is revealed that a larger number of contextual synonymous pairs than sets are formed; gradual antonyms are used; lexical units are included that fix the anthropocentric model of the interaction of man and nature. It is identified that there is a two-way interaction between the environmental event and the text: the event is the basis for creating the text, and vice versa, a newspaper text covering an environmental problem may precede one event or another. It is indicated that the newspaper text on environmental topics is characterized by a homogeneous presentation of the material, anthropocentricity and polyphonicity; softening the presentation of problematic information is achieved through the use of literary synonyms, gradual antonyms and relevant illustrations.

Entangled histories of plague ecology in Russia and the USSR.

During the mid-twentieth century, Soviet scientists developed the "natural focus" theory-practice framework to explain outbreaks of diseases (such as bubonic plague) endemic to wild animals and transmitted to humans. Focusing on parasitologist-physician Evgeny N. Pavlovsky and other field scientists' work in the Soviet borderlands, this article explores how the natural focus framework's concepts and practices were entangled in political as well as material ecologies of knowledge and practice. We argue that the very definition of endemic plague incorporated both hands-on materialist experience (including the identification of microbes/pathogens, insects/vectors, and mammals/reservoirs) and ideological concepts that supported Soviet colonization ("improving" hinterlands, "controlling natural focuses of disease," and "sanitizing" landscapes). Theorizing and fighting plague assisted with the goals of controlling and improving landscapes and peoples in southern Russia and Central Asia. The history of the natural focus framework illustrates how Soviet disease ecology co-developed with the needs of local and central political powers in the Soviet borderlands.

20世紀ロシアの開発と環境-「バイカル問題」の政治経済学的分析, 徳永昌弘著, [北海道大学出版会, 2013年

20世紀ロシアの開発と環境-「バイカル問題」の政治経済学的分析, 徳永昌弘著, [北海道大学出版会, 2013年

Application of failure mode and effects analysis in ecology in Russia

The article presents a comprehensive review of the FMEA analysis (the failure modes and effects analysis) in the construction industry in the Russian Federation and suggests the same analysis, which can be applied to ecological issues. The paper analyzes the existing legislative and normative acts in this area, modern approaches to the introduction and regulation of the definition of defects in production and construction. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - this is a formalized procedure for analyzing and finalizing the projected technical facility, the manufacturing process, the operation and storage rules, the maintenance and repair systems of technical facilities, based on the identification of possible (observed) defects with their consequences and cause-effect relationships in their occurrence, and an assessment of the criticality of these defects.

Interaction between Man and the Natural Environment: A Major Factor of the Existence of Civilization On the Results of the Year of Ecology in Russia

The history of humans as a biological species is tightly connected with the geological evolution of the Earth, the development of the biosphere, and the consumption of its resources. Life-supporting resources, which the biosphere produces “free of charge,” and the attitude of Homo sapiens to them constitute the main factor of human existence, determining the mode of our society. Modern approaches to the interaction between man and the natural environment, as well as conditions leading to the biosphere’s degradation, are discussed. Among the global factors that affect the state of the biosphere, the authors identify the following: the uncontrollable growth of the planet’s population, anthropization, climate change and the increased frequency of catastrophic natural and natural–anthropogenic phenomena, and changes in the human gene pool. All these factors are considered in the strategy of the sustainable development of modern society. Alternatives of implementing the sustainable development concept are considered in the article, including the idea of the noosphere, a fundamentally new approach to interaction between man and nature.

Об итогах года экологии в атомной отрасли Российской Федерации

Об итогах года экологии в атомной отрасли Российской Федерации

Проблема осознания экологической угрозы в России

<p align="center">Данная статья посвящена проблеме экологии в России. В ней поднимается вопрос об осознании властью и населением экологической угрозы. Показывается состояние и динамика общественного мнения по проблеме окружающей среды. На основе анализа экологического сознания и поведения делается вывод о низкой степени осознанности населением экологической угрозы. Формулируются рекомендации по изменению экологического сознания россиян. </p>

YEAR OF ECOLOGY IN RUSSIA AND APPROACHES TO RESOLVING GEOECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN KUZBASS

YEAR OF ECOLOGY IN RUSSIA AND APPROACHES TO RESOLVING GEOECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN KUZBASS

Analysis of Changing Wear Assembly Screw-Engine with the use of Automatic Systems

Waste recycling in Russia merely reaches 5% to 7% versus up to 60% of MSW in the EU, and over 90% of waste in Russia is delivered to waste landfills and unauthorised dumps so that waste accumulation is increasing. This environmental situation is a national priority. The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 5 January 2017 announces 2017 the Year of Ecology in Russia. Most environmental reforms stipulated by amendments to laws are enacted from 1 January 2017. These are primarily measures aimed at emissions and discharges control using best available technologies and breakthrough provisions of the Industrial and Consumer Waste law. The Clean Country, priority project of the Russian Government, will be implemented from 2017 to 2025 with the key aim of reducing the environmental footprint from municipal solid waste disposal and mitigating environmental risks of an accumulated environmental damage. The priority project involves the construction of five environment-friendly facilities for the thermal processing of municipal solid waste (waste incineration plants), four of them to be built in the Moscow Region and one facility to be built in the Republic of Tatarstan. An alternative to waste incineration is municipal waste recycling by moulding in extrusion machines to make pellets to be further used in the fuel or construction industries. The profitability of a waste recycling facility is dependent on a sound choice of extrusion equipment with the best value for money.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ НОРМ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРАВА В ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОВИНЦИИ РОССИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КУЗБАССА)

<p>In the context of the Year of Ecology in Russia, much attention has been drawn to the significant extent to the implementation of the state environmental policy related to the problems of the country’s environmental development as a whole, as well as to ensuring environmental safety and conservation of biological diversity, both in the country and in the regions. The authors use official assessments of the environmental situation in the Kemerovoregion, which is characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact on the natural environment, the social sphere, the public health and the significant environmental consequences of economic activity.<strong></strong></p><p>Therefore, the paper features the implementation of environmental law in an industrialized region. It analyses a number of violations caused by the economic activity in the region. First of all, they are related to the current growth rates of coal mining in Kuzbass, as well as with the predominance of open coal mining, which leads to intensive development of the poor ecological situation in the region.</p><p>The authors consider examples of legal regulation of relations caused by the formation of mechanisms for the application of environmental policy, in the process of exercising the competence of controlling and law enforcement bodies in their protection of mineral wealth, land, water, air and forest in the region.</p><p>The article also discusses the «non-exhaustive» use of natural resources as one of the strategic directions of state environmental policy: as a legal concept, as a legal principle, as an obligation of the authorities, and as the right and duty of rightholders (users) of natural resources.</p><p>The article ends with the following statement: in Russian version, the content of environmental policy is distributed among a number of legal acts, which is why it is often difficult to determine and complicated in application.</p><p>A possible solution for the ecological situation in the region should be based on the objectives of environmental policy, determined for different periods (long, medium and short-term). The joint efforts of economic entities and supervisory bodies should be aimed at a radical change in the fight against destruction and contamination with environmental wastes, contaminated wastewater, as well as the elimination of the accumulated environmental damage in general. Finally, there is a need to strengthen the planning in the implementation of environmental policy in order to achieve the volume of production and consumption of both mineral and biological resources of the region that would be adequate to the natural environment. These measures should be equally extended to the activities of industrial facilities and the population in all territories of the region.</p>

The Program «Water for Life» and its Implementation in the Russian Federation (the Year of Ecology in Russia)

The Program «Water for Life» and its Implementation in the Russian Federation (the Year of Ecology in Russia)

TOKUNAGA, Masahiro, Industrialization and Ecology in Russia in the 20th Century

TOKUNAGA, Masahiro, Industrialization and Ecology in Russia in the 20th Century

Soil as an Environment and Its Role in the Evolution of Insects (In Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Soil Ecology in Russia and the 90th Anniversary of the Birth of Merkurii Sergeevich Gilyarov)

Soil as an Environment and Its Role in the Evolution of Insects (In Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of Soil Ecology in Russia and the 90th Anniversary of the Birth of Merkurii Sergeevich Gilyarov)

Community Ecology in Stalin's Russia: "Socialist" and "Bourgeois" Science

Previous articleNext article No AccessCommunity Ecology in Stalin's Russia: "Socialist" and "Bourgeois" ScienceDouglas R. WeinerDouglas R. Weiner Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Isis Volume 75, Number 4Dec., 1984 Publication of the History of Science Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/353649 Views: 16Total views on this site Citations: 6Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1984 History of Science Society, Inc.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Susan D. Jones, Anna A. Amramina Entangled histories of plague ecology in Russia and the USSR, History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 40, no.33 (Aug 2018).https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-018-0220-3Keith R. Skene Thermodynamics, ecology and evolutionary biology: A bridge over troubled water or common ground?, Acta Oecologica 85 (Nov 2017): 116–125.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2017.10.010Keith R. Skene The energetics of ecological succession: A logistic model of entropic output, Ecological Modelling 250 (Feb 2013): 287–293.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.11.020Astrid Schwarz, Kurt Jax Early Ecology in the German-Speaking World Through WWII, (Mar 2011): 231–275.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9744-6_19Arran Gare Soviet environmentalism: The path not taken, Capitalism Nature Socialism 4, no.44 (Dec 1993): 69–88.https://doi.org/10.1080/10455759309358566 John Neu One Hundred Tenth Critical Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, Isis 76, no.55 (Oct 2015): 5–240.https://doi.org/10.1086/354035