Ecological Circumstances Research Articles

Vole hunting: novel predatory and carnivorous behavior by California ground squirrels

AbstractDietary flexibility allows animals to respond adaptively to food pulses in the environment. Here we document the novel emergence of widespread hunting of California voles and carnivorous feeding behavior by California ground squirrels. Over two months in the twelfth year of a long-term study on the squirrel population, we document 74 events of juvenile and adult ground squirrels of both sexes depredating, consuming, and/or competing over vole prey. Our video footage, photographic evidence, and direct observations of marked individual squirrels provide insights into the ecological circumstances favoring behavioral flexibility in foraging associated with a decadal peak in vole abundance. Digital video images related to the article are available at http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo241126ob01a

Investment Tourism in Global Investment

Tourism besides Sustainability disapprovingly discovers besides tests what need appeared by way of the supreme important worldwide geopolitical standards of the previous partial period. Growth, globalization, besides sustainability----and finished the lens of newfangled procedures of tourism validates in what way we container healthier comprehend besides become to grasps by the fast altering new-fangled worldwide instruction. There remain communal, financial, besides ecological circumstances that endure to touch the travel manufacturing. Travel is a method of on behalf of the biosphere to us besides to others. It cannot be comprehend as fair an incomes of overwhelming certain delight then a breakdown after the monotonous of average. A profounder sympathetic of tourism is wanted to rise completely it‘s gratified besides look in addition to it‘s possible influence. Tourism is around figurative lens that assistances to transport features of growth hooked on shriller emphasis. It is not fair around the part then the influence of travel in Third World Development, nonetheless likewise around the characters of First World Persons besides administrations (workers, travelers, non -governmental group etc). Tourism is unique of the wildest mounting subdivisions of the worldwide cheap besides emerging republics are endeavoring to changes in on this increasing manufacturing in an effort to enhancement external speculation besides monetary capitals. Although yielding that the unrestrained development of this manufacturing container consequence in thoughtful ecological besides communal glitches, the United Nations struggles that such bad belongings container be skillful besides abridged.

Analysis and control of grid-interactive PV-fed BLDC water pumping system with optimized MPPT for DC-DC converter

In this study, a novel water pumping module fed by grid interactive Photo-Voltaic with a bidirectional Power Flow Control was proposed. In addition to improving the pumping system’s reliability, a water pump is powered by a brushless DC motor drive. This method enables the pump to work at its maximum capacity for the entirety of that day, regardless of the weather. The entire system becomes more reliable as a result of the motor’s increased use of photovoltaic (PV) generated power for pumping applications. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller incorporating Machine Learning algorithm drives bridgeless greater static gain DCDC converter to achieve higher power generation point and increment PV efficiency. The PV array’s operation would be managed using the ML back propagation technology to capture the most electricity under any ecological circumstance. A BLDC motor is fed by a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) that includes a DC bus controlled in both directions by a unit vector template (UVT) approach incorporated in a single-phase voltage source converter (VSC). Additionally, utilizing a PI controller to manage the DC capacitor voltage in the UVT controller at a particular level is not appropriate for the increased PQ capabilities. However, due to tuning problems with the current controller, this controller is unpopular. The aforementioned problems are resolved by employing a unique intelligent-based fuzzy logic controller that achieves good performance features. In this technique, the function of a PV array at its Maximum Power Point (MPP), as well as power quality enhancements and a decrease in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the grid are accomplished. The proposed PI controller attains a significant voltage THD of 3.736. The PI controller, on the other hand, managed to achieve a load voltage THD of 2.629%. The ANFIS method, whose value is 1.739%, is discovered to have a lower THD than all remotes with improved features, it lessens abrupt swings while maintaining steady DC-link voltage.

Applications of Newer Technologies in Enhancement of Pharmaceutical Industry

Computerized disruption in the drug industry refers to a revolutionary shift in customary processes in drug discovery, assembly, and patient consideration, spurred by emerging technologies. The unification of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) accelerates the development of new drugs by analysing large datasets to identify potential rivals for existing medications and predict patient responses. Digital therapies (DTx) are evidence-based programming interventions that improve medication adherence and chronic illness management while providing accessible and personalized medical service arrangements. Cloud computing and enormous information examination smooth out information reconciliation and investigation, empowering more productive innovative work processes. These innovations support the improvement of customized medication by utilizing genomic and clinical information, cultivating the making of designated treatments. The Internet of Things (IoT) upgrades the drug production network by checking ecological circumstances and guaranteeing the respectability of medication conveyance, while blockchain innovation guarantees information trustworthiness and straightforwardness, especially in clinical preliminaries and production network the executives. Regulatory Technology (RegTech) computerizes consistence processes, decreasing expenses and guaranteeing adherence to administrative norms. Furthermore, additive manufacturing (3D printing) speeds up drug prototyping and the creation of customized measurements structures, while supportability drives driven by advanced development lessen the natural effect of drug tasks. As computerized advances keep on developing, they offer uncommon chances to further develop effectiveness, lessen expenses, and improve patient results in the drug area. The fruitful coordination of these advancements presents difficulties however vows to alter the business by making medical services more customized, productive, and available.

Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) death by road accident in rural Bengal-insight the fact: a perception based eco-spatial clarification.

Golden jackal is one of the higher trophic level wild animals in rural Bengal. Their ecological significance is undeniable in regional ecosystems and biodiversity. But gradually they become threatened due to habitat contraction, road killing, poisoning and human persecution. The documentation of jackal death by road accident within the 12-km district highway which is a single lane bituminous road in Patshpur-I Community Development Block under Purba Medinipur district, India, reveals an unpredictable ecological circumstance (n-154). Jackals are killed by road accidents from 2022 to 2023. On behalf of this blameless situation, the present study conducted intensive observations, case studies and spatial-ecological analysis. The study also included stakeholder's perceptions to reach and relates the background of this fact. After observation and analysis, it has been found that the jackal deaths have a spatio-temporal signature and are connected with food and forage ground loss from their habitat-influenced area. Another outcome is that roadside habitat becomes an alternative food source and forage ground for them due to trench construction both alongside of the district highway and illegal dumping of meat wastes and domestic wastes. The seasonal biological activities of the jackals, local weather phenomena and car driver negligence are responsible for the accidental death of jackals along the district highway. Considering all the observed factors, the present study shared some reliable measures to control, protect and conserve this animal for balancing regional ecosystem as well as biodiversity in rural Bengal.

Winged odyssey: Profiling bacterial vistas in migratory avifauna via 16S rRNA sequencing

Avian migration is an intrinsic biological phenomenon that involves trans-boundary movements to evade adverse ecological circumstances. During migration, avian gut bacterial taxa may serve as a potential source of bacterial dissemination via fecal contamination at stop-over sites. Therefore, bacterial taxa composition as well as diversities were investigated employing 16S rRNA sequencing in fecal samples collected from flocks of seven migratory avian species visiting southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The analysis revealed that Grus virgo exhibits the highest alpha diversity, followed by Aythya ferina while G. grus reflects lowest diversity among all the migratory avian fecal samples. The findings depicted significant variations in the bacterial beta diversities of migratory avifauna. At phylum level, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota showed the highest relative abundance in Plegadis falcinellus, Chlamydotis undulata and Aythya ferina respectively. Further exploration within phyla elucidates finer-scale taxonomic differences at the family and genus levels. This study identified potential pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Proteus, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Fusobacterium and Escherichia that offers valuable insight into the microbiological hazards associated with migratory birds. Although pathogenicity was not directly assessed, the observed relative abundance of opportunistic bacterial genera suggests continuous surveillance of gut bacterial community during migration to safeguard avian biodiversity and mitigate escalating threats of infection emergence and dissemination.

Comparative assessment of different rose cultivars under environmental conditions in central Transylvania, Romania

Despite the abundance of rose varieties, it is necessary to create and use new genotypes to improve the appearance of green spaces and meet the demands of society, as well as to ensure their response to environmental variables and climate change. To assess the overall value and flower quality of several Romanian and foreign varieties under the ecological circumstances of Northwest Romania, 14 rose varieties from the shrub and floribunda groups were examined. The study identified notable variations among the cultivars for plant growth, foliage, flowers, and their susceptibility to the three primary fungal diseases (black spot, powdery mildew, and rust) prevalent in the study area. Additionally, the study identified the cultivars with proper resilience to frost during the five-year investigation period, particularly after the cold winters. New varieties obtained at HRS Cluj-Napoca, such as Cristiana, Pasiune mov, Maria-Cristina and Splendid, and international varieties such as Fisherman's Friend, Bonica and Mirato, stood out for their decorative quality and attractive floral elements. Some of these varieties have also been considered potential parents for disease and frost resistance in new hybridization projects. Broad-sense heritability data for the quantitative variables under investigation, as well as multivariate analyses, provided useful information for new rose breeding programs. The comparison of quantitative and qualitative assessments of important decorative traits for the roses, together with proper statistical calculation processes to assure their validity and trustworthiness, enabled the development of hypotheses or working models that can improve rose breeding efficiency.

Resource allocation strategies and mechanical constraints drive the diversification of stick and leaf insect eggs

The diversity of insect eggs is astounding but still largely unexplained. Here, we apply phylogenetic analyses to 208 species of stick and leaf insects, coupled with physiological measurements of metabolic rate and water loss on five species, to evaluate classes of factors that may drive egg morphological diversification: life history constraints, material costs, mechanical constraints, and ecological circumstances. We show support for all three classes, but egg size is primarily influenced by female body size and strongly trades off with egg number. Females that lay relatively fewer but larger eggs, which develop more slowly because of disproportionately low metabolic rates, also tend to bury or glue them in specific locations instead of simply dropping them from the foliage (ancestral state). This form of parental care then directly favors relatively elongated eggs, which may facilitate their placement and allow easier passage through the oviducts in slender species. In addition, flightless females display a higher reproductive output and consequently lay relatively more and larger eggs compared with flight-capable females. Surprisingly, local climatic conditions had only weak effects on egg traits. Overall, our results suggest that morphological diversification of stick insect eggs is driven by a complex web of causal relationships among traits, with dominant effects of resource allocation and oviposition strategies, and of mechanical constraints.

Silences of the Dam: The Intimate Geographies of Ethnic Lao Well-Being on the Sesan River

In the locales where hydropower dams in the Mekong River Basin have been constructed, ethnically and economically marginalized groups who depend on rivers and their tributaries for well-being often bear the greatest burdens: loss of fisheries and river-based livelihoods, riverbank gardens, and sacred sites, to name a few. In December 2018, the controversial Lower Sesan 2 Dam in northeastern Cambodia started operations, exacerbating old challenges and creating new ones for the riverine communities along the Sesan and Srepok Rivers. In this article, I employ a feminist political ecology framework to explore the varying ways that personal and community well-being are impacted in two ethnic Lao locales of Sre Kor (Na Kor in Lao language) commune and Phluk village as a result of the Lower Sesan 2 Dam. While the dam has disrupted flows of water and fish habitats and migrations, rendering new ecological circumstances, I argue that infrastructural violence can variably hide intimate geographies of well-being and un-wellness. Only by interrogating the silences of intimate geographies of the body and home in local villages and communal ethnic spaces will such impacts of violence become visible.

Effect of environmental conditions and seasons on the growth, yield, and essential oil composition of Foeniculum vulgare L.

Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) oils have an essential function in the food and therapeutic industries. The study’s purpose was to describe how different environmental circumstances and locations in Egypt affected the fennel oil yields and compositions. To assess the growth, yield, and essential oil constituents of F. vulgare at four differing agro-ecological regions in Egypt (El-Minia Governorate, Bahariya Oasis, El-Sharkia Governorate, and Aswan Governorate) at two different planting dates, in-field study was performed throughout the seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. According to the data, there are highly significant differences between locations and sowing dates; the second date (15th November) is the best date for planting fennel plants. Plants grown in the Bahariya Oasis location had the maximum oil yield in mL/plant and L/acre, whereas the Aswan location had the highest percentage of EO. Eight EO samples underwent GC-MS analysis and chemometric analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), yielding identification of a total of 22 compounds. EOs from plants grown in various environments varied significantly in terms of their chemical composition, mainly components‘ concentrations. The main components were identified as estragole (66.62-89.73%), D-limonene (5.76-17.04%), and fenchone (2.02-9.23%). In samples gathered on November 15, 2020-2021, at the Bahariya Sekem Farm, anethole was found at a high concentration (12.79%), despite the compound’s absence or minimal presence in the other EOs. According to the current study findings, modulation of the cultivation and ecological circumstances can be used for the improvement of funnel EO.

Potential Habitat Prediction of Invasive Species Flaveria Bidentis in China Based on ArcGIS and MAXENT

The flaveria bidentis, an alien invasive plant that poses a threat to ecological stability and agricultural output, has invaded China since the early 1990s and may have the potential to spread further. An accurate assessment of its potential spread can provide a basis for early warning and prevention. The flaveria bidentis's probable habitat in China under present ecological circumstances was predicted via a maxent model that was constructed based on dispersal data and environmental factors. The result showed that the suitable habitat of the flaveria bidentis is currently widely distributed in China, making up around 3.98% of China's total land area, having a total size of about 381,795km2. The Jackknife method showed that the main factors that affected the distribution of the flaveria bidentis were the precipitation seasonality and the minimum temperature of the most frigid month. The model's AUC was 0.987, which means the precision of the forecast was quite high. The flaveria bidentis will continue to spread, therefore the pertinent departments ought to pay particular scrutiny and react promptly to set up protective measures in place.

HEAT STRESS IN CITRUS: A MOLECULAR FUNCTIONAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PERCEPTION

Misfortunes caused by high temperatures compel us to more readily comprehend the physiological, hormonal, and sub-atomic systems of reactions, particularly in humid and subhumid yields such as citrus organic products that are accustomed to specific conditions. Heat stress is accustomed to drought and many other environmental factors affecting Citriculture. We observe the role of Rubisco, antioxidant enzymes, HSPs, physiological changes in plasma membranes, and the role of ABA and SA under heat stress in citrus. Not-with-standing essential exploration, developing and utilizing new and well-developed citrus rootstocks is an essential element for the regulation, according to ecological circumstances. Rootstocks are essential in controlling how plants react to changing environmental factors, such as heat stress. They transfer beneficial features and increase stress tolerance, which helps citrus plants be more resilient overall. The duration of growth, yield, fruit quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic challenges are only a few of the characteristics of citrus horticulture that can be significantly improved using the right rootstocks. Enhancing citrus fruits' resistance to unfavorable environmental circumstances is urgently needed due to climate change. We can learn more about how different rootstocks affect the scion's capacity to withstand abiotic pressures by examining the metabolic responses caused by those rootstocks. Because of its increased antioxidant capacity, improved stomatal control, and storage of protective proteins, Carrizo citrange, for instance, demonstrates superior resilience to heat stress when compared to Cleopatra mandarin. The combined impacts of heat and drought on citrus vegetation differ from the effects of each stress alone. Specific metabolic changes are occur, which agree with findings from other plant research looking at the combined impacts of stress on physiology, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. When using rootstocks like Sunki Maravilha mandarin under drought stress, important metabolites such as galactinol, raffinose, and SA can be enhanced in scions through grafting. On the other hand, the Cleopatra rootstock alters the metabolism of the scion, resulting in lower quantities of the amino acids galactinol, raffinose, proline, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, which could lead to undesired characteristics. These results highlight the value of continued research to solve the problems brought on by climate change and provide light on the role of rootstocks in citriculture.

Adapting Hydropower to European Union Water Law: Flexible Governance versus Legal Effectiveness in Sweden and Finland

AbstractIn both Sweden and Finland, water law has traditionally provided strong protection for hydropower operations by issuing permanent environmental licences. This national protection has started to erode as a result of the requirement of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) for permit reviews to improve the ecological status of rivers. In the light of this dynamic between European and national frameworks, this article compares the Swedish and Finnish implementation of the WFD regarding existing hydropower operations. Whereas Sweden has adopted comprehensive legislative and policy reforms that embrace a systemic perspective on reconciling hydropower with the current societal and ecological circumstances, Finland has relied on bottom-up collaborative processes at the grassroots level. The article shows that both approaches are problematic in so far as they push the boundaries of proper implementation of the WFD and, by extension, the achievement of the ecological objectives of the WFD in waters affected by hydropower. Our comparison highlights tensions between EU law requirements for formal legal effectiveness in national implementation, and the WFD's aspirations for adaptive river basin-based governance.

Employing Machine Learning to Deduce a Causal Link Between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance

Incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into business strategy has become noteworthy, as that pertains to the discretionary initiatives a business entity undertakes to enhance its operational sphere’s societal and ecological circumstances. The evaluation of a company’s success is closely tied to its financial performance, which pertains to its capacity to produce earnings and enhance shareholder worth. The correlation between CSR and financial performance has been a topic of significant discourse, with numerous studies examining this subject from diverse perspectives. Nevertheless, establishing a causal association between the concepts above poses a formidable challenge, owing to the intricate nature of the association and the likelihood of extraneous variables exerting an effect. This study suggests a model for CSR based on Machine Learning (ML), referred to as the Machine Learning-based Corporate Social Responsibility Model (ML-CSRM). This model aims to establish a causal relationship between CSR and financial performance. The paper commences with a comprehensive exposition of CSR and its correlation with financial performance. The discourse delves into the intricacies of ascertaining the causal relationship between the two. The method under consideration utilizes Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and text clustering techniques to examine extant legal documents about CSR. The study presents the proposed method’s simulation results [Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, precision, recall, Root-Mean-Squared Error (RMSE), and R-squared] and discusses the proposed approach’s outcomes. The outcomes of this research carry significant ramifications for both commercial enterprises and the broader community, given that they offer discernment into the correlation between CSR and economic outcomes.

Student agency for intercultural adaptability in international programs: Insights into internationalization at home in Vietnam

Despite new developments and a growing commitment to internationalization of higher education at the government and institutional levels, Vietnam remains largely on the periphery of existing scholarship on international higher education. Even though students are both key actors and beneficiaries of internationalization at home, insufficient attention is paid by policy makers and training institutions in Vietnam to student experiences and engagement in international programs. The study reported in this paper responds to this critical gap and explores student agency in navigating intercultural adaptability (IA). It draws on 80 interviews with different stakeholders in eight international programs across five Vietnamese universities. Using agency theory, student IA has been unpacked in specific ecological circumstances in terms of (i) how student agency for IA has enacted; and (ii) what supportive interventions have been created for student agency enactment in international programs. The study provides original insights into how individual aspirations for international programs, agentic life and professional history have influenced students’ agentic engagement in IA. It sheds light on the ways in which access to and capacity to influence supportive spaces in terms of language support, culturally responsive pedagogy, career orientation and intercultural exchange programs, have enabled students to reinforce their agency in IA.

Kin term mimicry hypothesis

Adaptive mimicry in animals is a well-known phenomenon. Here, we propose that a similarly adaptive strategy in humans is using kin terms for people who are not closely genetically related. Irrespective of the initiator attributing a kin term to a non-kin, we call this kin term mimicry (KTM). The emergence of human sociality and language allowed not only easy kin recognition, but also led to strong positive emotions related to such kin names as “mother,” “father,” “brother,” “sister,” “aunt” or “uncle.” Although the phenomenon of using kin terms of genetically unrelated people is well known in the social sciences, here we discuss it in the light of evolution. We notice this is an evolutionary adaptive cooperation strategy, which allows us to predict in which ecological or social circumstances it will be more prevalent. We postulate specific testable factors that affect the prevalence of kin mimicry. We also discuss who is more likely to be an initiator of calling non-kin a fictive kin, and who benefits from such behavior. The KTM hypothesis postulates that an individual or social group initiating or bestowing kin terms usually receives more benefits (economic and/or psychological support) from such mimicry.

Quantifying the effects of nature-based solutions in reducing risks from hydrometeorological hazards: Examples from Europe

The combination of climate change and social and ecological factors will increase risks societies face from hydrometeorological hazards (HMH). Reducing these risks is typically achieved through the deployment of engineered (or grey) infrastructure but increasingly, nature-based solutions (NBS) are being considered. Most risk assessment frameworks do not allow capturing well the role NBS can play in addressing all components of risk, i.e., the hazard characteristics and the exposure and vulnerability of social-ecological systems. Recently, the Vulnerability and Risk assessment framework developed to allow the assessment of risks in the context of NBS implementation (VR-NBS framework) was proposed. Here, we carry out the first implementation of this framework using five case study areas in Europe which are exposed to various HMH. Our results show that we can demonstrate the effect NBS have in terms of risk reduction and that this can be achieved by using a flexible library of indicators that allows to capture the specificities of each case study hazard, social and ecological circumstances. The approach appears to be more effective for larger case study areas, but further testing is required in a broader variety of contexts.

Reframing Prehistoric Human-Proboscidean Interactions: on the Use and Implications of Ethnohistoric Records for Understanding the Productivity of Hunting Megaherbivores

AbstractThe role that humans played in the extinction of Pleistocene proboscideans is highly controversial. Ethnohistoric records of elephant hunting, in concert with theoretical rationales, are often used as proxy evidence to support the view that ancient humans regularly and efficiently targeted large-sized proboscideans to the point of extinction. This paper examines the socioeconomic and technological contexts of elephant hunting in contemporary and ethnohistoric records to show how these circumstances influenced the scale of harvest, productivity, and valuation of elephants. Quantitative and qualitative evidence derived from some of these records are used to analyze the efficiency of elephant capture using traditional hunting technologies (spears, poisoned projectiles, traps, and drives). This analytical framework provides a systematic method for evaluating the productivity of proboscidean predation. Results show that prior to the widespread use of firearms in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the acquisition of elephants, irrespective of the traditional hunting technology used, was a dangerous, high-cost activity often associated with a high-risk of hunting failure. In the ethnographic record, elephant hunting is consistently associated with prestige-seeking among egalitarian hunter-gatherers. Although the analysis presented here is derived from hunting episodes that involved modern elephants, the physical characteristics and abilities that make these animals expensive and risky to hunt were likely manifested by most Pleistocene proboscideans. Using ethnographic data, a framework for recognizing how prestige hunting is manifested under different ecological and sociopolitical circumstances is provided and offers an alternative and compelling explanation for zooarchaeological patterning of costly prey in the past.

Stowaways: Maritime ecology of the oldest commensal ship rats (Rattus rattus) found on a Mediterranean shipwreck

Ship rats (Rattus rattus) have successfully colonized six continents and 80% of islands worldwide by stowing-away on anthropogenic vessels. Numerous zooarchaeological and metagenomic studies have contributed to tracing the western dispersal of ship rats out of the Indian subcontinent and into the Mediterranean Basin, North Africa, and Europe. This has increased understanding of historical maritime mobility, trade contacts, and the spread of pandemic disease such as the plague. Moreover, considerable research has been conducted on the behavior, ecology, and population dynamics of ship rats in invaded areas, which supports conservation and eradication efforts. However, few studies have shed light on the mode of travel in between the geographic origins and destinations of ship rats, such as ships and boats, which act as mobile, commensal habitat for this cosmopolitan species. We address this lacuna here, by analyzing an assemblage of ship rat remains from an early Islamic period shipwreck, the Ma‘agan Mikhael B, located on the Carmel coast of modern Israel. Using zooarchaeological, biometrical, and palaeogenetic (aDNA) methodologies, we investigated the maritime ecology of ship rats regarding dispersal behavior, habitat selection, source–sink dynamics, and relative body size. The results of this study suggest that ship rats actively inhabited the Ma‘agan Mikhael B as part of their habitat selection processes, that conditions onboard provided high-quality habitat (adequate food and harborage, likely absence of predators and disease), and that they appear to have exhibited a degree of gigantism, possibly due to ‘island rule’. This study has implications for future metapopulation genetic studies on ship rats, as well as shows the value of zooarchaeological analysis in understanding the ecological circumstances of the maritime mobility of ship rats in the Mediterranean region.

Eocene aposematic patterns persist in modern European Lycidae beetles despite the absence of co-mimics

Ancient aposematic signals might have evolved under different ecological circumstances. Using European Cenozoic amber and phylogenetic reconstruction, we evaluated the evolution of net-winged beetle aposematism. We describe Priabonian Hiekeolycus winkleri sp. nov. from Baltic amber, review known fossil species, and suggest earlier high diversity and morphological conservativeness of European Lycidae since the Eocene. We hypothesize the presence of red and black/red aposematic patterns in Eocene Europe. The analyses suggest the Oligocene to Miocene dispersal of additional species from East Asia and their advergence to autochthonous patterns. Recently dispersed lycids have retained similarities with their East Asian relatives. Net-winged beetles are rare in Europe after the Quaternary climatic oscillations, and we hypothesize a currently relaxed selection for shared aposematic signals. Neophobia, and eventually inborn rejection of brightly colored prey, putatively preserved ancient aposematism under changing conditions. Evidence from paleontology and phylogenetics can provide insight into the long-term persistence of old adaptations under changing conditions.