Easy Running Research Articles

Determining the capacity for effort and recovery of the elite soccer players specialized in different playing positions.

The capacity for effort and recovery in performance sports can be increased by means of modern methodological strategies. This capacity to recover after intense matches and training helps to determine the performance in soccer. Using the Yumeiho technique will accelerate the exercise capacity recovery of the soccer players specialized in central zone positions. The research was conducted with the C.S. Internațional Bălești team, formed of 16 players, aged 19-37 years, divided into two groups: experimental group A, n = 8 with central area players and control group B, n = 8 with players from side zones. Measurement and assessment tests: determining lactic acid level (LAC) in blood; 60 m sprinting speed motor test (ST); anaerobic lactic exercise; Gacon Test for evaluating the aerobic power; VO2max test; Dorgo Test for determining the individual recovery capacity; Sleep Quality and Efficiency Index (PSQI) and sleep duration. Means used in the recovery strategy: easy running, static stretching, cryotherapy; Yumeiho therapy was applied only to group A to accelerate the recovery. The anaerobic lactic capacity was evaluated by 60 m sprint test at the beginning and the end of the research. The results highlight the increase of the sprinting speed by 0.08 s in group A (p < 0.001). The aerobic capacity evaluated by means of Gacon Test in both groups shows the value 23.7%, namely a well-prepared level (p < 0.001). VO2max value in the soccer players of group A shows 87.5% good aerobic power, while the players of group B have 50% good aerobic power (p < 0.001). The concentration of LAC after exercise has a higher value in group A (p > 0.05). The level of recovery after exercise is improved in both groups, with larger differences in group A (very good level, p < 0.001). The PSQI grew by 20.37% in group A and by 11% in group B. The sleep duration increased in both groups (p < 0.001). The results of the correlation analysis in the soccer players of group A highlight strong connections of 14.8% while in group B the value is 12.5%. The assessment of effort capacity in soccer players specialized in different playing positions at the beginning and the end of the research highlights the increase of the anaerobic lactic effort and aerobic effort. This assessment also shows the improvement of the individual recovery capacity. A higher PSQI and the increase of sleep duration in both groups, with greater differences of group A were found, which determined their level of capacity for effort and recovery. The use of the Yumeiho technique in the program of post-exercise recovery accelerates the aerobic and anaerobic lactic effort capacity of the soccer players specialized in the central zone positions. It positively influences exercise capacity recovery in general.

Critical Effect of Oxygen Pressure in Pulsed Laser Deposition for Room Temperature and High Performance Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O Thin Film Transistors.

The aspects of low processing temperature and easy running in oxygen atmosphere contribute to the potential of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in developing a-IGZO TFTs for flexible applications. However, the realization of low-temperature and high-performance devices with determined strategies requires further exploration. In this work, the effect of oxygen pressure and post-annealing processes and their mechanisms on the performance evolution of a-IGZO TFTs by PLD were systematically studied. A room-temperature a-IGZO TFT with no hysteresis and excellent performances, including a μ of 17.19 cm2/V·s, an Ion/Ioff of 1.7 × 106, and a SS of 403.23 mV/decade, was prepared at the oxygen pressure of 0.5 Pa. Moreover, an O2 annealing atmosphere was confirmed effective for high-quality a-IGZO films deposited at high oxygen pressure (10 Pa), which demonstrates the critical effect of oxygen vacancies, rather than weak bonds, on the device's performance.

AquaGWAS: A Genome-Wide Association Study Pipeline for Aquatic Animals and Its Application to Reference-Required and Reference-Free Genome-Wide Association Study for Abalone

Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry that brings huge economic benefits. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is critical for aquaculture species’ productivity, sustainability, and product quality. The current integrated GWAS pipeline either includes only specific limited steps or requires a complex prerequisite environment and configurations. In this study, we developed AquaGWAS, a highly user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) GWAS pipeline, by integrating four well-known GWAS models. AquaGWAS is a complete GWAS pipeline from preprocessing, multiple choice of GWAS models, postprocessing to visualizations. AquaGWAS offers GUI easy running on Linux and automatically generates running command lines for high-performance computing (HPC) or non-GUI servers. AquaGWAS is free from installation, configurations, and complicated augment inputs. It offers whole packages of required reference files for 27 common aquatic species. Furthermore, aiming at the issue that the availability of genomic reference sequences limits single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection, we attempted to detect SNPs in Pacific abalone using classical alignment-based reference-required strategy and k-mer-based reference-free strategy combined with downstream AquaGWAS. On 222 resequencing data of Pacific abalone, two strategies detected 221,061 and 230,213 variants, respectively, with 180,161 common variants. The two strategies emphasized different variant situations: capturing variants missed by incomplete or inaccurate reference genomic sequence (k-mer-based) and capturing the indel variants having the baseline of genomic sequence (alignment-based). Combining the two strategies offers a complementary framework to obtain the accurate and complete GWAS analysis for non-model organism species. AquaGWAS is available at https://github.com/Ying-Lab/AquaGWAS.

World-Class Long-Distance Running Performances Are Best Predicted by Volume of Easy Runs and Deliberate Practice of Short-Interval and Tempo Runs.

Casado, A, Hanley, B, Santos-Concejero, J, and Ruiz-Pérez, LM. World-class long-distance running performances are best predicted by volume of easy runs and deliberate practice of short-interval and tempo runs. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2525-2531, 2021-The aim of this novel study was to analyze the effect of deliberate practice (DP) and easy continuous runs completed by elite-standard and world-class long-distance runners on competitive performances during the first 7 years of their sport careers. Eighty-five male runners reported their best times in different running events and the amounts of different DP activities (tempo runs and short- and long-interval sessions) and 1 non-DP activity (easy runs) after 3, 5, and 7 years of systematic training. Pearson's correlations were calculated between performances (calculated using the International Association of Athletics Federations' scoring tables) and the distances run for the different activities (and overall total). Simple and multiple linear regression analysis calculated how well these activities predicted performance. Pearson's correlations showed consistently large effects on performance of total distance (r ≥ 0.75, p < 0.001), easy runs (r ≥ 0.68, p < 0.001), tempo runs (r ≥ 0.50, p < 0.001), and short-interval training (r ≥ 0.53, p < 0.001). Long-interval training was not strongly correlated (r ≥ 0.22). Total distance accounted for significant variance in performance (R2 ≥ 0.57, p < 0.001). Of the training modes, hierarchical regression analysis showed that easy runs and tempo runs were the activities that accounted for significant variance in performance (p < 0.01). Although DP activities, particularly tempo runs and short-interval training, are important for improving performance, coaches should note that the non-DP activity of easy running was crucial in better performances, partly because of its contribution to total distance run.

Accessing Patient's Information Using Cloud Computing Solution

Cloud computing is primarily a network-based model and is referred as platform, infrastructure and software sold as a service. Cloud computing offers an innovative way of computing with various service models that facilitate in accessing patient's information. This paper proposes a cloud-computing-based solution for public sector hospitals of UT Chandigarh for accessing patient's information. Existing system is based on manual paper work supported by independent isolated applications in almost every hospital of UT Chandigarh, which results in underutilisation of resources, high development and up-keeping costs and rate of success. Main aim of proposing cloud-computing based solution is to bring all the public-sector hospitals on one platform to access patient's information for easy running and up-keeping, to reduce the price (development and up-keeping), and to diminish threats of data loss. The proposed cloud computing solution is for the public-sector hospitals of UT Chandigarh and their extension centre; however, the suggested solution is generic and can be used by any hospital of India.

The Control System Design for a Feeding Machine in Farms

The control system design for a Feeding Machine in Farms is introduced in this paper, it consists of PLC, MCGS touch screen, monitoring computer, wireless communication module, etc. This paper introduces in detail the system's hardware and software design. The system has characteristics of easy operation, stable running and high reliability.

Optimization the transport and treatment cost of municipal solid waste under the effected of economy, socio and environment

The multi-decision support model is developed and demontrated to minimise the cost of transport and treatment of municipal solid waste under the effected of socio and environment. The tool is simple, easy to upgrade to fit with the local condition, easy and fast running (some minutes). The model is used to compare the operation of MSW system if there are some changes in impact factors. The results of model show: (1) the distribution of amount of MSW from sources to treatment plants, (2) the selected treatment technologies, its capacity and location, (3) cost analysis of transport, treatment of MSW and the income. In the current situation of HCMC (case study 2), the model proposed 2 treatment tecnologies in 20 years planning, called bath anaerobic digestion technology and bioreactor landfill, with the treatment amount of 70% and 30%, respectively. In case of the planned land for treatment zone is not reached as case study 2, incineration technology will be a good choice.

Carbohydrate supplementation increases intramyocellular lipid stores in elite runners

The objective was to determine the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation on exercise-induced hormone responses and post-training intramyocellular lipid stores (IMCL). Twenty-four elite male athletes (28.0±1.2 years) were randomized to receive CHO (maltodextrin solution) or zero energy placebo solution (control group). The high-intensity running protocol consisted of 10×800 m at 100% of the best 3000-m speed (Vm3 km) and 2×1000 m maximal bouts in the morning and a submaximal 10-km continuous easy running in the afternoon of day 9. IMCL concentrations were assessed by 1H-MRS before (−day 9) and after training (day 9) in soleus (SO) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Blood hormones were also measured before, during, and post-exercise. The percent change (Δ%) in TA-IMCL was higher in the CHO group (47.9±24.5 IMCL/Cr) than in the control group (−1.7±13.1, respectively) (P=.04). Insulin concentrations were higher in the CHO group post-intermittent running compared to control (P=.02). Circulating levels of free fatty acids and GH were lower in the CHO group (P>.01). The decline in performance in the 2nd 1000-m bout was also attenuated in this group compared to control (P<.001 and P=.0035, respectively). The hormonal milieu (higher insulin and lower GH levels) in the CHO group, together with unchanged free fatty acid levels, probably contributed to the increased IMCL stores. This greater energy storage capacity may have improved post-exercise recovery and thus prevented performance deterioration.

Accessing Grid Computing Resources with g-Eclipse Platform

In the paper we present how g-Eclipse can be used for easy running computation on Grid resources. The g-Eclipse project is an EU-founded project that aims to build an integrated workbench framework to access the power of existing Grid infrastructures. The g-Eclipse framework provides a general, integrated workbench toolset for Grid users, operators and developers. It is very useful for inexperienced users to interact with Grid resources independently of the underlying Grid middleware. The Grid abstraction enables Grid users to access the Grid in a desktop-like manner with wizards specified for common use cases.

Predictive Validity of Three ActiGraph Energy Expenditure Equations for Children

This study evaluated the predictive validity of three previously published ActiGraph energy expenditure (EE) prediction equations developed for children and adolescents. A total of 45 healthy children and adolescents (mean age: 13.7 +/- 2.6 yr) completed four 5-min activity trials (normal walking, brisk walking, easy running, and fast running) in an indoor exercise facility. During each trial, participants wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on the right hip. EE was monitored breath by breath using the Cosmed K4b portable indirect calorimetry system. Differences and associations between measured and predicted EE were assessed using dependent t-tests and Pearson correlations, respectively. Classification accuracy was assessed using percent agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. None of the equations accurately predicted mean energy expenditure during each of the four activity trials. Each equation, however, accurately predicted mean EE in at least one activity trial. The Puyau equation accurately predicted EE during slow walking. The Trost equation accurately predicted EE during slow running. The Freedson equation accurately predicted EE during fast running. None of the three equations accurately predicted EE during brisk walking. The equations exhibited fair to excellent classification accuracy with respect to activity intensity, with the Trost equation exhibiting the highest classification accuracy and the Puyau equation exhibiting the lowest. These data suggest that the three accelerometer prediction equations do not accurately predict EE on a minute-by-minute basis in children and adolescents during overground walking and running. The equations maybe useful, however, for estimating participation in moderate and vigorous activity.

A PRODUCT EVALUATION OF WOMEN'S ATHLETIC WEAR USING THREE DIMENSIONAL KINEMATIC ANALYSIS 273

The purpose of this study was to undertake an objective and subjective evaluation of female athletic sportswear (five different sportbras). A three dimensional kinematic biomechanical analysis and a subjective questionnaire were used to determine efficacy. Four infra-red cameras operating at 50Hz were used to gather data from reflective anatomical markers on subjects running over three different velocities. Each of the velocities were derived from training histories to identify a hard, moderate and easy running condition for ten healthy recreational runners with similar breast proportions. Two samples were taken at each velocity to determine between product and physiological comparison differences. The 3D kinematic data were evaluated with respect to the vertical displacement, medial-lateral and anterior-posterior planes. Subjective data were obtained using fourteen Likert scale items to address the issues of; (a) comfort and (b) support. It was hoped that this heuristic evaluation would allow for greater insight into the quantitative and qualitative aspects of women's sportsbras. The resultant quantitative Anova model (five bra's X three running conditions) did not reveal any statistically significant findings. A repeated measures Anova revealed a significant effect of bra type on both support and comfort ratings. Negative correlations(vertical displacement and perceived comfort/support) were uniformly found. This study has demonstrated a model that utilizes participant feedback and biomechanical data to illustrate a more comprehensive relationship between the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of athletic wear.

The acute effects of participation in sport on mood: The importance of level of ‘antagonistic physical interaction’

Volunteer male students ( N = 109; age 18–24 years) performed sports with a low, medium, or high ‘level of antagonistic physical interaction’ (API); easy running in small groups, basketball and rugby, respectively. They were randomly allocated to the experimental conditions within their regular physical education activities. The Stress-Arousal Checklist (SACL) and the Tension and Effort Stress Inventory (TESI) were completed pre- and post-sport sessions. Results from ANOVA and ANCOVA analyses showed that self-reported arousal (SACL) increased in all conditions. SACL stress scores increased with high level API. Mean positive mood scores (TESI) for all three conditions were approximately double those for unpleasant mood scores. There was an overall decrease in pleasant moods pre- to post-sport activity. Unpleasant mood scores decreased with low API (easy running), remained unchanged with medium API (basketball) and increased with high API (rugby). High levels of API provoked the strongest changes in mood with a reduction in pleasant moods and an increase in unpleasant moods. Performance under conditions of high level API provoked a significant increase in ‘internal’ (one's own body) stressors and related efforts to cope, whereas performance under conditions of low level API caused a significant decrease in ‘external’ (situational) stressors and related efforts to cope. The results point to the importance of ‘field’ comparisons of sport in the assessment of acute participation-induced mood changes.

Experiences of the Italian State Railways with Diesel Shunting Locomotives Using Hydrostatic Transmissions

The Italian State Railways (F.S.) have in service 150 two-and three-axle diesel shunting locomotives equipped with hydrostatic transmission, powered at rates from 150 to 450 hp. In these locomotives some operating characteristics give better performance than locomotives equipped with hydrodynamic transmissions, specifically: easy running reversibility; high flexibility factor which allows elimination of the slow-fast running gears and simplicity of installation. Other theoretical advantages of hydrostatic transmission were found to be unimportant in practice, for example: initial loss of power due to the transmission increases remarkably with service and the braking action is limited by the overrunning of the diesel engine. Disadvantages of the hydrostatic transmissions in service are: the ‘rigid’ connection between the engine and the axles and the absence of ‘coasting’; the maintenance costs of the transmission increase more than linearly with power ratio. In conclusion, the experience of the F.S. with hydrostatic transmission units shows that this type of transmission can be competitive in the field of diesel power of less than 150 kW.