Easy Fit Research Articles

PYDA—A Python Dashboard for Easy and Customizable Visualization and Fitting of Biophysical Data

ABSTRACT Research-integrating teaching offers a collective approach to engage students and researchers in real research questions, introducing them to authentic problem-solving strategies. In experimental research-integrating teaching, various different data are acquired and often analyzed by using specialized software programs. However, learning to operate these programs can sometimes divert attention from the research itself. To keep the focus on the research, we have developed a Python-based dashboard (PYDA) and implemented it successfully in a research-integrating course on intrinsically disordered proteins. PYDA simplifies data analysis by handling experimental data from techniques such as liquid chromatography, far-ultraviolet circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy in a unified way. Developed in Python by using the Plotly Dash framework and hosted on Heroku, PYDA allows students to visualize, convert, and analyze data without extensive prior knowledge of Python. By providing a streamlined, flexible, and customizable solution, PYDA enables students to focus on research and hypothesis development, fostering digitally competent and inquiry-driven problem solvers. PYDA is supplied with a set of example files that allows the user to test the program. These files can be accessed as the last item in the dropdown menu.

Multifocal contact lenses. Easy fitting algorithm and new possibilities in presbyopia correction with TOTAL30 Multifocal

Multifocal soft contact lenses are the fastest growth segment in contact lenses. While presbyopic patients demonstrate an increasing interest in contact lenses, not all practitioners actively integrate multifocal lenses into their practices. Some of the reasons include the perception that multifocal fitting is time-consuming and chances of successful adaptation of “ageing” patients are low. The purpose of this publication is to provide an overview of the latest multifocal contact lens, essential fitting steps and instruments for quick and effective multifocal lens fitting.

An improved physics-free genetic impedance fitting technique for precise high-frequency modeling of two-terminal electrical systems

There is an increasing industrial demand of using impedance fitting techniques to enable an equivalent circuit to approximate the electrical behavior of an electrical system. However, due to the high dependence on the prior physical information of the electrical system, previous impedance fitting techniques have long suffered from unacceptable implementation complexity and unsatisfactory fitting precision. To realize easy, cheap, and precise impedance fitting, a Physics-free genetic impedance fitting technique (PFGIFT) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, PFGIFT utilizes a five-component RLC-parallel (FCRLCP) equivalent circuit, which gets rid of expensive physics-based equivalent circuit modeling, to approximate the impedance of a two-terminal electrical system. Then, a novel bounded gaussian mixture model based genetic algorithm (BGMMBGA) is proposed to fully leverage the fitting capability of the FCRLCP equivalent circuit by embedding parameter tuning expertise into the evolutionary process. Under the combined effects of FCRLCP equivalent circuit and BGMMBGA, PFGIFT achieves precise impedance fitting performance without the use of expensive knowledge about physical information. The effectiveness of PFGIFT is verified separately on a human-designed impedance fitting task and an industrial application of fitting the common-mode impedance of a motor drive system.

Braiding Polythene Lay‐Flat Tube into Cotton Threads for Artificial Muscle Actuation

In wearable robotics, soft actuation principles have been increasingly explored and tested due to their safety and comfort in human–robot interactions. Herein, a braided flat‐tube artificial muscle (BFAM) is presented. BFAMs are fabricated by braiding cotton threads together with an inexpensive lay‐flat tube (LFT) in a specific conform‐to‐LFT weaving method. They generate uniaxial contractions when powered by compressed fluids. The basic structure and working mechanism of the proposed BFAM are explained, and a quasistatic model is also developed. A comparison with other fluidic driven soft actuators is made and tabulated. Based on experimental studies, the proposed BFAM can contract close to 30% and yield force outputs more than 150 times their weight at an air pressure of 0.12 MPa. BFAM can be braided with multiple layers of flat tube without large increase of size. Experimental studies have shown that more layers of flat tube give a larger strain and output force up to four layers, beyond which layer increase does not yield visible improvement in strain and output force. Finally, potential applications of BFAM to arm joint actuations are illustrated to show its easy fitting to wearable robotics.

Estimating the Intensity Equations for Rain Intensity Frequency Curves (Mosul /Iraq)

The relationship between the rainfall intensity, duration, and frequency (IDF) is widely used in water resources engineering in designing hydraulic structures, such as culverts and sewage systems, and for reducing and controlling floods. In this study, the curves of (IDF) were found for five rain stations registered in different regions in northern Iraq, i.e., Mosul, Tal-Afar, Sinjar, Rabia, and Tal-Abta, and for different periods extending from 1990 to 2019. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) empirical equation was utilized to obtain data during short periods, i.e., 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, 360, 720, and 1440 minutes. Also, three probability distributions were used: the Gumble Distribution, the Log Pearson Type III Distribution, and the Log-Normal Distribution, for various return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100) years. Easy fit 5.6 software includes the tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson -Darling (AD), Chi-Squared (χ2)) was used to determine the most suitable distribution for the observed data among the three used distributions. The results demonstrated an insignificant difference between the three applied distributions and the statistics values that fell within the significance level, with priority to the Log Pearson-III distribution.

Bivariate estimation-of-distribution algorithms can find an exponential number of optima

Finding a large set of optima in a multimodal optimization landscape is a challenging task. Classical population-based evolutionary algorithms typically converge only to a single solution. While this can be counteracted by applying niching strategies, the number of optima is nonetheless trivially bounded by the population size. Estimation-of-distribution algorithms (EDAs) are an alternative, maintaining a probabilistic model of the solution space instead of a population. Such a model is able to implicitly represent a solution set far larger than any realistic population size.To support the study of how optimization algorithms handle large sets of optima, we propose the test function EqualBlocksOneMax (EBOM). It has an easy fitness landscape with exponentially many optima. We show that the bivariate EDA mutual-information-maximizing input clustering, without any problem-specific modification, quickly generates a model that behaves very similarly to a theoretically ideal model for EBOM, which samples each of the exponentially many optima with the same maximal probability. We also prove via mathematical means that no univariate model can come close to having this property: If the probability to sample an optimum is at least inverse-polynomial, there is a Hamming ball of logarithmic radius such that, with high probability, each sample is in this ball.

Improving the reliability and validity of the IAT with a dynamic model driven by similarity.

The Implicit Association Test (IAT), like many behavioral measures, seeks to quantify meaningful individual differences in cognitive processes that are difficult to assess with approaches like self-reports. However, much like other behavioral measures, many IATs appear to show low test-retest reliability and typical scoring methods fail to quantify all of the decision-making processes that generate the overt task performance. Here, we develop a new modeling approach for IATs based on the geometric similarity representation (GSR) model. This model leverages both response times and accuracy on IATs to make inferences about representational similarity between the stimuli and categories. The model disentangles processes related to response caution, stimulus encoding, similarities between concepts and categories, and response processes unrelated to the choice itself. This approach to analyzing IAT data illustrates that the unreliability in IATs is almost entirely attributable to the methods used to analyze data from the task: GSR model parameters show test-retest reliability around .80-.90, on par with reliable self-report measures. Furthermore, we demonstrate how model parameters result in greater validity compared to the IAT D-score, Quad model, and simple diffusion model contrasts, predicting outcomes related to intergroup contact and motivation. Finally, we present a simple point-and-click software tool for fitting the model, which uses a pre-trained neural network to estimate best-fit parameters of the GSR model. This approach allows easy and instantaneous fitting of IAT data with minimal demands on coding or technical expertise on the part of the user, making the new model accessible and effective.

An Improved Model for Legal Case Text Document Classification

Misjudgments in court cases are inevitable in any judicial system irrespective of how civilized the country in which the judicial system is. The economic effects of failed court judgments cannot be overemphasized. The passing of wrong judgments can be a result of a lack of evidence due to poor research by counsels. Preparing for a court case is not an easy fit as a lot of research must be done on the part of the attorneys in charge. This paper presents an improved Hybrid model for legal case document classification. The system starts by collecting legal case documents from an online domain. The collected documents were converted to texts using a pdf miner library in python. The converted texts were used in creating tables using the pandas library. After the creation of the dataset table, the dataset was pre-processed by removing noise, and non-alphanumeric values, and performing tokenization. The tokenized data was then passed into principal component analysis for the selection of important features. The selected features were used in training an LSTM model for the classification of the legal case documents. The system was designed with Object-Oriented Analysis and Design method and implemented using python programming language. The result of the LSTM is outstanding, having an accuracy of 99% when evaluated with unseen legal case documents. The model was deployed in building a web application for the classification of legal documents. Upon testing the application with emerging documents, it sufficiently classified them and reduced tremendously the conflicting judgments experienced before the application of the improved model for legal case classification.

Design and analysis of fixture for easy lug plate fit up at bend portion of first pass and second pass gang bend water wall panels phase I

With the technological evolution of “high-pressure steam generators” from sub-critical to the super-critical stage, the “Water-wall Panels” is transformed from “straight panels” to “terminal bend panels” and “gang bend panels”. The lug plates are fitted at the bend portion of the terminal and gang bend panels as per the design. The traditional method of lug plate fit up has an awkward impact on the working method, productivity, quality, and re-work. This paper aims to discuss the design and analysis of the fixture to avoid the manual lug plate fit up. With the proposed design of the fixture, the lug plate fit up can be done easily at the bend portion of tubes of gang bend and terminal bend “Water-wall Panels”. Proposed design not only solves the problems being faced while giving the easy fit up but also brings in marked improvements in workplace-safety, productivity, working environment coupled with a considerable reduction in manpower and operational risks.

Finch: Prosthetic Arm With Three Opposing Fingers Controlled by a Muscle Bulge.

Forearm amputees can use body-powered hooks and myoelectric hands for their daily activities. The body-powered hooks are suitable for delicate manipulation. However, their appearance is not always preferred by amputees, and a harness to pull a control cable is not easy to wear. Although the myoelectric hands have a natural appearance similar to the human hand and can be intuitively controlled by a myoelectric control system, they are not easy to try out and are heavy. This paper reports on the Finch, a prosthetic arm with three opposing fingers controlled by a muscle bulge. The aim of developing the Finch is to realize a lightweight prosthetic arm that is easy to wear and use. Three opposing fingers are controlled according to the degree of muscle bulge measured with a muscle bulge sensor on the user's forearm caused by muscle contraction. A supporter socket, consisting of a resin socket frame and a fabric supporter, allows easy fitting. A simple design using a linear actuator and 3D-printed parts achieved light weight (330 g) and low cost. Six functional tests and user tests using Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure showed that the Finch had a practical function that could be used in daily activities.

Hydrological Analysis and Statistical Modelling of Swat River Basin for Flood Risk Assessment

The climatic variations and anthropogenic activities in the river catchments worldwide are causing severe weather events and flooding. The narrowing down of natural floodplains/ channels, land-use changes, deforestation and mushroom urbanisation with unplanned infrastructure development are aggravating causes of severe storms and floods, especially in developing countries. Hydrological studies, flood modelling and statistical flood frequency analysis are considered imperative to assess the hazards/ risks of flooding and their mitigation measures. Estimating predicted storms/ floods for different return periods can give a reasonable idea about the frequency of storm events. This study analysed the Swat river basin to determine the predicted return periods with expected storm/ flood in its catchment and Swat river. The weather and rainfall in the Swat river basin remain unpredictable. Historically, it has seen peak precipitation of 150mm – 274mm and a super flood of 10050 m3/sec in 2010, more than its 200 years return period. Flood frequency and statistical analysis using Log Pearson 3 (LP3), Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Gumbel Maximum (Gumb-Max) on Easy Fit software and Log Pearson 3 equations have predicted weather instability in the Swat basin with the prediction of super flood like 2010 happening in 40 years return period. Construction of Swat expressway on elevated embankment will disturb the natural drainage pattern and likely result in inundation in flood plains due to inadequate capacity of cross drainage structures to withstand the spontaneous flash flooding. However, these have been designed on 100 years return period. However, probability density and hazard functions show a lesser probability of any mega hazard; therefore, cross drainage structures and crisscrossing channels in the river catchments may be planned on a minimum 100 years return period as an economic/ reasonable safe limit. Still, additional structural/ non-structural measures should augment these for efficient flood-fighting like plantation and maintenance of drainage structures, construction of small dams/ reservoirs for swift water management in case of a flash flood and placement of rescue/ relief resources at accessible points as per flood zoning.

The impact of "3C" factors on making pricing decision to achieve company’s objectives:

(3C) factors are cost, customer and competition that have an effect on company's objective through making pricing decision. The goal of this research is to highlight the estimation of the different causes that has an influence on pricing decision and how well a company can handle these factors effectively to achieve goals of the company. The main research problem is represented; “Does the "3C" factors have an impact on making pricing decision to achieve of company’s objectives?” The researchers used the analytical approach methods (SPSS and Easy Fit) to analyze the questionnaire form through distributing (148) questionnaires to industrial companies (managers, Vic managers and division managers) and academics (economic & administrative collage) in Erbil city. Following the analysis, the researchers came to the conclusion that the (3C) explain 69.1% (coefficient of determination) of the changes in making pricing decisions and explains 60.4% of the changes in making pricing decisions in order to achieve the study's objectives and test its hypotheses. (Coefficient of determination) of the changes in company’s objective, (that mean (3C) have a significant effect on making pricing decision to achieve company's objectives. The most important result of the research is the “3C” factors have great influences on making pricing decision to achieve goals of company"

The Educational Impact of Al-Azhar University in South Western Nigeria: A Case Study of Arabic-Islamic Schools in Yorubaland

Pursuing education in Arab countries generates a controversy among indigenous and home-made scholars in Nigeria. Some believe that it is enough to pursue religious education within the country, while some others uphold the standpoint that Muslim students should pursue their studies in Arab countries like Al-Azhar. Hence, there is a lot of confusion and controversy about the impact of Al-Azhar University in Nigeria. However, this study aims to investigate the impact of Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt on Arabic-Islamic schools in the Yorubaland, Nigeria. This is done through investigation of its curriculum, scholarship, and sending of Al-Azhar's delegates to teach in Arabic-Islamic schools in Yorubaland, Nigeria. It discusses Islamic religious affairs and the role played by the Nigerian Muslim scholars in general and in the South Western Nigeria in particular. Furthermore, it addresses the argument bothering on the need to pursue religious education within and outside the country. This study also examines the difference between Al-Azhar educational system and the Nigerian Arabic- Islamic educational system and investigates the need for continuation or otherwise of Al-Azhar’s venture in the Nigerian Arabic- Islamic Schools. This study is both historical and analytical in nature. It used data gathered via primary and secondary sources and utilizes both qualitative and quantitative methods. Findings from this study revealed the suitability of Al-Azhar educational system for Nigeria. It also showed the continuous need to pursue Al-Azhar education by Nigerians. The need to introduce some Western courses into Al-Azhar educational curriculum to facilitate easy fitting of the graduates into Nigerian educational system also emanated from this study. The study recommends the completion of secondary education in Nigeria by intending Nigerians seeking Al-Azhar education in order to facilitate their usefulness in the Nigerian western-oriented educational system upon their return.

The role of integration for Forensic accounting and the Bord of Supreme Audit in combating financial and administrative corruption

This study aims to demonstrate the integrative role of both the forensic accounting and the Bord of Supreme Audit in the Kurdistan Region in combating the manifestations of financial and administrative corruption, which has become a serious phenomenon that the Kurdistan Region of Iraq suffers from and hinders the wheel of progress, which is a group of auditors (external auditors) and a group of professors (academics) in the universities and institutes of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. (125) questionnaires were distributed, of which (118) valid forms were retrieved for analysis through the ready-made statistical program SPSS and the Easy Fit program, and the study reached a set of results and conclusions indicating the existence of a significant relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable within the framework of the descriptive methodology of the study and in light of testing the study hypotheses. One of the most important findings and conclusions is the presence of financial and administrative corruption in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and there is an influential role for the required skills, forensic accounting techniques, and the Bord of Supreme Audit together in fighting financial and administrative corruption. In light of the results and conclusions of the study, the researcher recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which is that the Bord of Supreme Audit in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq should seek to integrate forensic accounting in its supervisory procedures because of its advantages in combating financial and administrative corruption. As a first step, the Bord of Supreme Audit can design programs Especially for financial controllers working in the Bord of Supreme Audit the purpose of teaching them the techniques and skills of a forensic accountant

Designing a breast support device for phase contrast tomographic imaging: getting ready for a clinical trial.

To design a device that can support the breast during phase-contrast tomography, and characterise its fit parameterisation and comfort rating. 27 participants were recruited to trial a system for breast support during simulated phase contrast imaging, including being positioned on a prone imaging table while wearing the device. Participants underwent a photogrammetry analysis to establish the geometric parameterisations. All participants trialled a single-cup design while 14 participants also trialled a double-cup with suction holder and all completed a series of questionnaires to understand subjective comfort. Photogrammetry revealed significant positive correlations between bra cup volume and measured prone volume (p < 0.001), and between "best fit" single-cup holder volume and measured prone volume (p < 0.005). Both holders were suitable devices in terms of subjective comfort and immobilisation while stationary. However, some re-engineering to allow for quick, easy fitting in future trials where rotation through the radiation beam will occur is necessary. Light suction was well-tolerated when required. All participants indicated the table and breast support devices were comfortable, and they would continue in the trial. Phase contrast tomography is an emerging breast imaging modality and clinical trials are commencing internationally. This paper describes the biomedical engineering designs, in parallel with optimal imaging, that are necessary to measure breast volume so that adequate breast support can be achieved. Breast support devices have implications for comfort, motion correction and maximising breast tissue visualisation.

The extent of Commitment of companies to Apply the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 15 - Revenues from Customers Contracts and Its Reflection on The Decisions of Users of Financial Reports - An exploratory - Analytical study of the opinions of a sample of employees in companies in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq (Erbil Governorate as a model)

The extent of Commitment of companies to Apply the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 15 - Revenues from Customers Contracts and Its Reflection on The Decisions of Users of Financial Reports - An exploratory - Analytical study of the opinions of a sample of employees in companies in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq (Erbil Governorate as a model)

Evaluation of the new, patient-adjustable socket system Varos in the early phase of prosthetic rehabilitation: a pilot study.

Current prosthetic sockets often provide limited anatomical fit, especially in patients with residual limb volume changes and fluctuations. To address these issues, Ottobock has developed the Varos Socket, a modular socket that can be adjusted by the user. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential benefits and acceptance of a newly designed patient-adjustable socket in transfemoral amputees in early phase of prosthetic rehabilitation. A prospective A-B-A pilot study was conducted. The setting of the study was an Orthopedic Rehabilitation Clinic. Ten patients with unilateral transfemoral amputation and recent amputation. All patients underwent a standard rehabilitation program with physical therapy. The outcome measures included the Comprehensive Lower-limb Amputee Socket Survey (CLASS), Score Comfort Scale (SCS), a Socket Fit Scale, frequency of falls and stumbles, perceived pain, and satisfaction. The total CLASS score and three sub-scores (i.e., stability, suspension, comfort) were significantly higher with Varos socket. Significantly improved comfort and quality of socket fit were observed as measured by the Socket-Comfort-Scale and Socket-Fit-Scale and a trend towards reduced residual limb pain. 87.5% of the patients reported higher satisfaction than with the standard socket. The results suggest that the Varos socket improved comfort, stability, suspension, appearance, pain, and satisfaction in transfemoral amputees during the early rehabilitation program. A larger study and a longer observation period are warranted to confirm the results of this study. Quick and easy socket fitting as well as instant adjustability by the patient bear substantial potential to improve and accelerate the rehabilitation process in the early phase after amputation.

Bio-efficacy of Belt Expert 480 SC against caterpillars and sucking pest complex in black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) and its effect on natural enemies and plants

The use of insecticides as a combination product with different modes of action and target may help in the reduction enhancement of categories of pests. Furthermore, the number of insecticide applications would be reduced which may pave the opportunity for an easy fit into the strategies of integrated pest management. Therefore, the field experiments were carried out at the Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, Karnataka, India for two consecutive kharif seasons to evaluate bio-efficacy of combination product Belt Expert 480 SC (Flubendiamide 24% + Thiacloprid 24% SC w/v) against caterpillars and sucking pest complex in black gram and their safety towards non-target organisms. Field trials consisted of nine treatments replicated three times in a randomized block design. Results revealed that two sprays of the combi-product Belt Expert 480 SC (Flubendiamide 24% w/v + Thiacloprid 24% w/v SC) @ 250 mL/ha recorded lower pod borer incidence (4.54%) with higher seed yield (9.13 q/ha) followed by Belt Expert 480 SC (Flubendiamide 24% w/v + Thiacloprid 24% w/v SC) @ 200 mL/ha with pod borer incidence of 5.47% and seed yield of 8.83 q/ha. The treatments viz., Belt Expert 480 SC (Flubendiamide 24% w/v + Thiacloprid 24% w/v SC) @ 200 and 150 mL/ha, Alanto 240 SC (Thiacloprid 21.7% w/w SC) @ 250 mL/ha and Fame 480 SC (Flubendiamide 39.35% m/m SC) @ 100 and 125 mL/ha proved safe to natural enemies. None of the insecticidal treatments (Belt Expert 480 SC (Flubendiamide 24% w/v + Thiacloprid 24% w/v SC) @ 250, 500 and 1000 mL/ha) showed any type of phytotoxic symptoms on black gram plants.

Analysis of the 11P Marketing Mix Strategy in the Healthy Food Catering Business

Many Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have sprung up in Indonesia, but their growth is inconsistent and tends not to last long in the long term, and ultimately fails in the market. This research was conducted on the Easy Fit Kitchen healthy food catering business, which is one of the healthy food catering businesses that is being favored by the community in Bogor. The technique used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with a business study that is being carried out. Researchers analyze the marketing mix of the Easy Fit Kitchen business using 11P analysis including Product, Price, Promotion, Place, People, Partnership, Process, Packaging, Programming, Possibility, and Position. The results show that all 11P aspects have been applied in business and the possibility aspect is useful for analyzing future possibilities that will be faced by the healthy food catering business. It is found that based on the marketing mix strategy that is carried out, the business must keep up with the times, product and service innovation, the promotions must be wider in scope, the cooperation can reach aspects that have not been touched, and in the future the business is expected to open branches in other places

ARL Spectral Fitting as an Application to Augment Spectral Data via Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis and Color Analysis.

The ARL Spectral Fitting application provides a free, publicly accessible, and fully transparent method for performing Franck-Condon Lineshape Analysis (FCLSA) on spectral data, in addition to CIE color coordinate determination and basic spectral processing. While some of the features may be found in commercial software or in programs made byacademic research groups, we believe that ARL Spectral Fitting is the only application that possesses all three of the aforementioned attributes. This program is intended as a standalone, GUI-based application for use by an average laboratory researcher without requiring any coding knowledge or proprietary software. In addition to the standalone executable hosted on ARL GitHub, the associated MATLAB files are available for use and further development. FCLSA augments the information found in luminescence spectra, providing meaningful insight into the relationship between the ground and excited states of a photoluminescent species. This insight is achieved by modeling spectra with two versions (modes) of an equation that are characterized by either four or six parameters, depending on which mode is used. Once optimized, the value of each of these parameters can be used to gain insight into the molecule, as well as to perform further analysis (for example, the free energy content of the excited-state molecule). This application provides tools for easy by-hand fitting of imported data, as well as two methods for optimizing this fit-damped least-squares fitting, powered by the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, and derivative-free fitting utilizing the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm. Furthermore, estimations of sample color can be performed and reported in CIE and RGB coordinates.