Eastman Chemical Company Research Articles

Portfolio Design Based on Bigdata Analysis and Sharpe Ratio Optimal model

Sharpe ratio is a classic index that can comprehensively consider both return and risk. At the same time, it is only used to investigate the asset of the final venture capital portfolio. Therefore, Sharpe ratio is an important research topic in the financial field. This paper is based on big data analysis and minimum variance model. Thereinto, the companies selected in these five industries are AVIC Electrical Systems Co., Ltd., Archer Daniels Midland Company, Bank of America Corporation, Eastman Chemical Company and China XD Plastics Company Limited. Sharpe ratio is a representation of unit risk and return on investment. The greater the Sharpe ratio, the higher the unit risk return of this portfolio. Secondly, the data we use comes from Yahoo Finance, in which we select the year from 2015 to 2021, because the data of these seven years are more accurate. Meanwhile, the tool we use is RStudio, because RStudio is very excellent in graphics and charts. According to the analysis, these results indicate that one can find the portfolio with the highest risk return rate in these seven years. These results shed light on portfolio design based on bigdata analysis in terms of optimal approaches.

Framework for selecting carbon emission abatement projects in supply chains

ABSTRACT This article addresses the challenges for companies that seek to invest in carbon abatement projects. Traditionally, such companies would address their own operations, but it might be more efficient to invest in improving the operations of a supplier or customer. By adopting a supply chain perspective on carbon abatement projects, this study proposes a way to account for activities beyond the company’s boundaries. First, the proposed decision-support framework enables companies to define the appropriate boundaries for carbon emission measurement and abatement and identify the relevant optimisation problem. Second, this framework describes options for optimising the level of abatement effort linked to each selected action. Third, an application of the framework to the Eastman Chemical Company reveals several real-world implications, including recommendations for where to exert carbon abatement efforts in a supply chain. As this illustrative case shows, external abatement efforts can be worthwhile in practice.

For District II director: Dawn Mason

ACS ELECTIONS For District II director: Dawn Mason ShareShare onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail C&EN, 2019, 97 (35), p 48September 9, 2019Cite this:C&EN 97, 35, 48AbstractNorth Carolina Section. Eastman Chemical Company, Raleigh, North Carolina. Academic record: University of Missouri–Columbia, BS, 1991; Texas A&M University, PhD, 1996. Honors: ACS Fellow, 2015. Professional positions (for past 10 years): Eastman Chemical Company, external innovation manager, 2017–, technology manager, 2015–17, manager, Portfolio and Special Projects, 2014–15, human resources manager, 2012–14, technology process manager, 2012, group leader, 2007–12. Service in ACS national offices: Committee on Corporation Associates, 2010–19, chair, 2013–15; Younger Chemists Committee, consultant, 2018; Leadership Advisory Board, 2010–19; ACS National Awards Canvassing Committee, 2014–16; Polymer Industrial Advisory Board, 2017–19; ACS Safety Summit Organizing Committee, 2018–19; ACS National Award Selection Committee, 2017–19, 2014, 2012. Service in ACS offices:Division of Business Development and Management: chair, 2019; chair-elect, 2018; Leadership Advisory Board, subcommittee chair, Advancing Leadership Programs and Leaders, 2016–18; Marketing and Pipeline, 2015. Member: Member of ACS since 2007; Alpha Chi Sigma; North Carolina State University: Hazardous Materials Committee, Analytical InstrumentationView: PDF | Full Text HTML

Johnson Matthey and Eastman Chemical Company licence new ethylene glycol technology to Jiutai

Johnson Matthey and Eastman Chemical Company licence new ethylene glycol technology to Jiutai

In vitro evaluation of di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate-plasticized polyvinyl chloride blood bags for red blood cell storage in AS-1 and PAGGSM additive solutions.

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) makes polyvinyl chloride flexible for use in blood bags and stabilizes the red blood cell (RBC) membrane preventing excessive hemolysis. DEHP migrates into the blood product and rodent studies have suggested that DEHP exposure may be associated with adverse health effects albeit at high dosages. Although structurally and functionally similar to DEHP, di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate (DEHT; or Eastman 168 SG [Eastman Chemical Company]) is metabolically distinct with a comprehensive and benign toxicology profile. This study evaluated RBC stability in DEHT-plasticized bags with AS-1 and PAGGSM compared to conventional DEHP-plasticized bags with AS-1. Thirty-six whole blood units were collected into CPD solution, leukoreduced, centrifuged, and divided into RBCs and plasma. To limit donor-related variability, three ABO-identical RBCs were mixed together and then divided equally and stored among the three different plasticizer and additive solution combinations. RBCs from 12 trios were analyzed for a standard panel of in vitro variables on Day 0 and after storage. No individual bag on Day 42 exceeded the US 1.0% hemolysis criteria. While hemolysis during storage was higher in the DEHT bags, the PAGGSM RBCs were close to the control RBCs (0.38% vs. 0.32%, respectively). ATP retention was higher than 70% and potassium levels were similar regardless of plasticizer. Additional RBC variables exhibited some significant differences but were not viewed as clinically important. DEHT/PAGGSM provides similar hemolysis protection to that of DEHP/AS-1. Although hemolysis values with DEHT and AS-1 are higher than that of DEHP, DEHT is a potential DEHP alternative.

Eastman Tritan

This case is used in Darden's Supply-Chain Operations elective. The field-based case gives supply-chain educators the ability to teach the newsvendor model with pricing under a capacity constraint using real-life decisions. By 2005, Eastman Chemical Company, based in Tennessee, had created a new specialty plastic, Tritan, which demonstrated heat resistance and durability properties that might allow Eastman to compete in the lucrative polycarbonate plastics market. Development of this product was a major breakthrough for both Eastman and the broader chemical industry. The Eastman specialty plastics team had to contend with numerous challenges, however, before producing Tritan at full scale. First, Eastman had to commercialize a completely new material that only had been produced in the lab; second, the team had to develop a supply chain to manufacture a new component (monomer) and a new product (polymer) simultaneously; and finally, it had to analyze market entrance options given capacity constraints. Thus, the specialty plastics team faced several dilemmas: who should the initial launch partners be, given Eastman's limited manufacturing capacity, and how aggressively should Eastman price Tritan, given that price would drive demand in the launch markets and in new markets?

Weaver's historic accessible collection of synthetic dyes: a cheminformatics analysis.

We present the Max Weaver Dye Library, a collection of ∼98 000 vials of custom-made and largely sparingly water-soluble dyes. Two years ago, the Eastman Chemical Company donated the library to North Carolina State University. This unique collection of chemicals, housed in the College of Textiles, also includes tens of thousands of fabric samples dyed using some of the library's compounds. Although the collection lies at the core of hundreds of patented inventions, the overwhelming majority of this chemical treasure trove has never been published or shared outside of a small group of scientists. Thus, the goal of this donation was to make this chemical collection, and associated data, available to interested parties in the research community. To date, we have digitized a subset of 2700 dyes which allowed us to start the constitutional and structural analysis of the collection using cheminformatics approaches. Herein, we open the discussion regarding the research opportunities offered by this unique library.

Beyond HAZOP and LOPA: Four different company approaches

For operations where application of standards, regulations, and/or Recognized and Generally Accepted Good Engineering Practices may not be sufficient to address a particular company's risk, several options exist. For qualitative assessment of process hazards, Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOP) and What-If reviews are two of the most common petrochemical industry methods used. Up to 80% of a company's process hazard analysis (PHA) may consist of HAZOP and What-If reviews (Nolan, Application of HAZOP and What-If Safety Reviews to the Petroleum, Petrochemical and Chemical Industries, William Andrew Publishing/Noyes, 1994, p. 1). After the PHA, Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is commonly used throughout industry to evaluate the required safety integrity level for instrumented protection layers in a semiquantitative manner (Dowell, International Conference and Workshop on Risk Analysis in Process Safety, CCPS/AIChE, 1997). HAZOP, What-If, and LOPA are all straightforward methods and are relatively easy to perform. However, much like a hammer, they are not always the best or most appropriate tool for a given job. At times, more advanced methodologies such as Fault Tree Analysis, Quantitative Risk Assessment, Event Tree, Failure Mode, and Effects Analysis and Human Reliability Analysis are necessary to properly assess risk. However, these more advanced tools come with a price. They are often more expensive, time consuming, and require a higher level of expertise. The decision to use these higher level methodologies is not taken lightly and different companies use different criteria for determining when to take this next step. This article will present approaches by four companies, BASF, Celanese, The Dow Chemical Company, and Eastman Chemical Company. Each company will outline criteria used to determine when to go beyond HAZOP, What-If, and LOPA and will present examples where more advanced techniques were used. The intent of this article is to provide readers with real world examples that demonstrate the appropriate application of the “right” tool and to illustrate what criteria can be used to make informed decisions regarding selection of a PHA methodology. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 36: 38–53, 2017

June 2016 Safety and Health News Summer 2016

June 2016 Safety and Health News Summer 2016

Eastman Tritan

This case is used in Darden’s Supply-Chain Operations elective. The field-based case gives supply-chain educators the ability to teach the newsvendor model with pricing under a capacity constraint using real-life decisions. By 2005, Eastman Chemical Company, based in Tennessee, had created a new specialty plastic, Tritan, which demonstrated heat resistance and durability properties that might allow Eastman to compete in the lucrative polycarbonate plastics market. Development of this product was a major breakthrough for both Eastman and the broader chemical industry. The Eastman specialty plastics team had to contend with numerous challenges, however, before producing Tritan at full scale. First, Eastman had to commercialize a completely new material that only had been produced in the lab; second, the team had to develop a supply chain to manufacture a new component (monomer) and a new product (polymer) simultaneously; and finally, it had to analyze market entrance options given capacity constraints. Thus, the specialty plastics team faced several dilemmas: who should the initial launch partners be, given Eastman’s limited manufacturing capacity, and how aggressively should Eastman price Tritan, given that price would drive demand in the launch markets and in new markets?

Catalysis of Organic Reactions

This special issue of Topics in Catalysis is devoted to discussions of catalysis applied particularly to the preparation of organic compounds and documents the proceedings of the 24th Biennial Conference of the Organic Reactions Catalysis Society (ORCS), held in Annapolis, Maryland from April 15th through April 19th, 2012. ORCS seeks to advance practical applications of catalysis for making organic compounds by fostering discussions, providing opportunities for members to present their work, and facilitating dissemination of scientific knowledge. At the 24th meeting, we celebrated two Paul N. Rylander award winners. The Paul N. Rylander Award is sponsored by BASF and is awarded annually to researchers who have made significant contributions in the application of catalysis in organic reactions. The 2011 winner, Thomas A. Puckette of the Eastman Chemical Company, was honored for his contribution to low-pressure Rh hydroformylation reactions and the development of previously undiscovered ligands. The 2012 winner, Melanie S. Sanford of the University of Michigan, was honored for her work in Pd-catalyzed C–H activation reactions. The two awardees reflect the essence of ORCS. Professor Sanford, through basic research, has been opening new paths for industrially relevant compounds while diminishing the environmental impact of their manufacture. Dr. Puckette’s research has been in an industrial setting where he has specialized in pioneering new pathways for catalyst systems operating at commercial scale. Dr. Puckette’s research has focused on the development of ligands that, prior to his work, were carefully avoided to prevent poisoning. The connection between fundamental and applied research in furthering catalysis deployed throughout the world is the vision of ORCS. Bringing the two worlds together is what makes ORCS, as a society, unique. The 24th biennial conference was organized into six major symposia as follows:

Investigation of optical properties of thin polymer films

Several types of optical polymer materials produced by Eastman Chemical Company were studied. Thin films deposited on glass substrates from solutions were prepared and studied to reveal their refractometric, dispersive and transmission properties in the visible and infrared spectral regions. The refractive indices were measured by means of two modifications of a laser microrefractometer.

Direct quantification of mono- and di-d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate by high performance liquid chromatography

A simple and direct reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and validated for the determination of mono- and di-D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS 1000) in TPGS mixture. Before the HPLC analysis, mono- and di-TPGS 1000 were separated by simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography system and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The mass spectrometric results confirmed that the molar mass distribution of TPGS prepared in our laboratory was very close to that of the product of Eastman Chemical Company with similar n¯ (average polymerization degree), M(n)¯ (number-average molecular weight) and M(w)¯ (weight-average molecular weight). The HPLC analysis was carried out on a C30 analytical column with mobile phases comprised of acetonitrile (A) and isopropanol (B) in gradient conditions. Validation of the analytical method was done on the following parameters: system suitability, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, accuracy and precision, method robustness and solution stability. The linearity of the calibration curves for mono- and di-TPGS 1000 from both sources was found to be good (r(2)>0.9996). The recovery values were from 94.6% to 103.3% for mono-TPGS, and 93.5% to 103.3% for di-TPGS. This method could be successfully used in the direct quantification of mono- and di-TPGS in TPGS 1000 mixture using TPGS standards with similar molecular mass distributions although derived from different sources.

Disasters Spur Innovation to Ensure Access to Safe Water

This article presents HydroPack™, an emergency hydration solution that was developed specifically for use during the critical first days after a natural disaster. The paper‐thin pouch, which transforms dirty water into a healthy, nutritious drink, was developed by Oregon‐based Hydration Technology Innovations (HTI) using cellulose acetate from the Tennessee‐based Eastman Chemical Company (ECC).

Six sigma project to improve a management of change process

AbstractMany companies including Eastman Chemical Company (Eastman) are using Six Sigma teams and methodologies to improve their manufacturing processes. Eastman has also been successful in applying Six Sigma to process safety management. A Six Sigma Team was chartered to identify and implement improvements in the Eastman company management of change (MOC) process. Six sigma analysis tools utilized included process maps, cause & effects matrix, and failure modes & effects analysis. Improvement opportunities were identified for five parts of the MOC process. An improved MOC design and a control plan to maintain the gains were developed. This article shows how the Six Sigma approach is used to give an effective and efficient MOC process. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011

Quantitative risk assessment case study for organic acid processes

AbstractAcetic acid is not a chemical covered by the OSHA PSM regulation, as its flash point is above the 100 F threshold for flammables; however, it is by no means a nonhazardous chemical. Eastman Chemical Company has a large number of processes containing acetic acid and related organic acids, and as a corporation, we wanted to assure that risk for these processes was at a tolerable level. To facilitate these risk assessments, flash point data was generated and a qualitative risk analysis was performed for a large number of process vessels. Selected quantitative risk assessment studies were then performed using fault tree/event tree methodology, comparing the assessed level of risk to generally accepted government and industry benchmarks as well as risk levels for some common activities. The highest contributors to risk were identified, analyzed with respect to current protective measures, and mitigated through the application of practical modifications, which reduced their risk to a tolerable level. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2010

Designing a hierarchical neural network based on fuzzy clustering for fault diagnosis of the Tennessee–Eastman process

This paper proposes a hierarchical artificial neural network (HANN) for isolating the faults of the Tennessee–Eastman process (TEP). The TEP process is the simulation of a chemical plant created by the Eastman Chemical Company to provide a realistic industrial process for evaluating process control and monitoring methods The first step in designing the HANN is to divide the fault patterns space into a few sub-spaces through using fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. For each sub-space of fault patterns a special neural network has been trained in order to diagnose the faults of that sub-space. A supervisor network has been developed to decide which one of the special neural networks should be triggered. In this regard, each neural network in the proposed HANN has been given a specific duty, so the proposed procedure can be called Duty-Oriented HANN (DOHANN). The neuromorphic structure of the networks is based on multilayer perceptron (MLP) networks. The simulation of Tennessee–Eastman (TE) process has been used to generate the required training and test data. The performance of the developed method has been evaluated and compared to that of a conventional single neural network (SNN) as well as the technique of dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA). The simulation results indicate that the DOHANN diagnoses the TEP faults considerably better than SNN and DPCA methods. Training of each MLP network for the DOHANN model has required less computer time in comparison to SNN model. This is because of structurally simpler MLPs used by the developed DOHANN method.

Adaptive Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) for Monitoring Small Disturbances of Nonlinear Processes

The Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, created by Eastman Chemical Company, is a complex nonlinear process. Many previous studies focus on the detectability of monitoring a multivariate process by using TE process as an example. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used dimension-reduction tool for monitoring multivariate linear process. Recently, the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) has emerged as an effective method to tackling the problem of nonlinear data. Nevertheless, the conventional KPCA used the sum of squares of latest observations as the monitoring statistics and hence failed to detect small disturbance of the process. To enhance the detectability of the KPCA-based monitoring method, an adaptive KPCAbased monitoring statistic is proposed in this paper. The basic idea of the proposed method is first adopting the multivariate exponentially moving average to predict the process mean shifts and then combining the estimated mean shifts with the extracted components by KPCA to construct the adaptive monitoring statistic. The efficiency of the proposed monitoring scheme is implemented in a simulated nonlinear system and in the TE process. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the traditional PCA and KPCA monitoring schemes.

Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites: mechanical response, damage, and fracture

Nanocomposites were manufactured by using isotactic polypropylene Moplen HP 400R (Albis Plastic Scandinavia AB, Sweden) as a matrix, organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay Delitte 67G (Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.p.A., Italy) as a filler, and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene Eastman G 3015 (Eastman Chemical Company, USA) as a compatibilizer. Hybrids were prepared by using a two-step melt mixing process: (i) masterbatches with various clay/compatibilizer proportions were extruded in a twin-screw extruder Brabender PL2000, and (ii) neat polypropylene and the masterbatches were melt mixed at various proportions (corresponding to various concentrations of nanoclay) at molding of dumbbell specimens in injection-molding machine Arburg 320C. Dispersion of clay was examined by means of rheological tests (small-amplitude shear oscillations). The graphs of storage and loss moduli demonstrated strong low-frequency plateaus conventionally associated with good exfoliation of nanofiller.

Eastman Chemical Company's “Chemicals from Coal” program: The first quarter century

Eastman Chemical Company first initiated its Chemicals from Coal program in the mid-1970s. The program led to the successful commercialization of a process to produce acetic anhydride entirely from coal-based synthesis gas in 1983. However, Eastman Chemical Company did not stop to work with on chemicals from coal with the attainment of the acetic anhydride process and they continued to look at the additional processes for chemicals from coal. In this manuscript, Eastman Chemical Company will discuss the case for coal which led Eastman Chemical Company to take a leadership role in the production of chemicals from coal and then present three case studies, including the commercially practiced Eastman acetic anhydride process and potentially competitive processes for vinyl acetate and methacrylic acid, which demonstrate the viability of replacing petroleum and natural gas based processes with processes based entirely on coal derived synthesis gas.