Eastern Thinkers Research Articles

THE IMPORTANCE OF REGULATORY FUNCTIONS AIMED AT INCREASING HUMAN VALUE IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL RELATIONS

The article gives a sociological definition of the concept of human value, reveals the role and significance of human value in the development of society and the state. Also, the scientific theories and discoveries of Eastern thinkers who lived and worked in the 9th-11th centuries, such as Abu Nasr Farabi, Musa Al-Khorazmi, Al Fargani, Mirza Ulugbek, which had a methodological influence on increasing the value of man, are analyzed in detail and a sociological assessment is given by scientists of the East and The West with their scientific discoveries and theories, scientific views. KEY WORDS: Teachings of Eastern thinkers, Western Europe, human value, social, social state, social inequality, society, methodological influence, human needs, science and discoveries, civilizational processes, Avesta, Abu Nasr Farabi, Musa Al-Khorazmi, Al Fargani.

SHARQ MUTAFAKKIRLARINING PEDAGOGIK QARASHLARI ORQALI BO‘LAJAK O‘QITUVCHILARDA KREATIV FIKRLASHNI RIVOJLANTIRISH

This article describes the effective organization of the educational process through the educational and educational views of Eastern thinkers and the qualities of the teacher's creative thinking, the requirements for teaching students and ways to develop creative thinking in students.

SHARQ MUTAFAKKIRLARINING IJODIY FAOLIYATIDA TA’LIM-TARBIYAGA OID YONDASHUVLAR

This article widely covers valuable ideas about approaches to education in the creative activities of Eastern thinkers. The views and ideas put forward by Eastern thinkers in ancient times still serve as spiritual food for the minds and hearts of students as an important educational source.

Interpretations of Halal: A Comparative Analysis of Western and Eastern Ethical Frameworks

The concept of halal, deeply embedded in Islamic Sharia law, governs various aspects of daily life, including permissible foods, actions, and transactions. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of halal through Western and Eastern philosophical perspectives, drawing on Bertrand Russell’s A History of Western Philosophy and L. Adams Beck’s The Story of Oriental Philosophy. By exploring the ethical and moral viewpoints of key Western philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill, alongside Eastern thinkers like Buddha, Confucius, and Lao Tzu, this study examines how these traditions interpret and evaluate halal. The analysis reveals that Western philosophy typically perceives halal as a context-specific moral rule lacking universal applicability, whereas Eastern philosophy regards it as a fundamental component of social harmony and balance. Additionally, the paper addresses critical considerations regarding the relevance and potential reductionism in interpreting halal through non-Islamic frameworks. The findings offer valuable insights into the application of ethical and moral values across diverse cultural contexts, highlighting the importance of cross-cultural understanding in contemporary global society.

BO‘LAJAK PEDAGOGLARNING RUHIY TARBIYASIDA ILMNING O‘RNI

In this article, the place of knowledge, benefits of knowledge, types of knowledge and the ideas of Eastern thinkers are studied in the book “Spiritual Education” by Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf.

IBN SINА AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION: RETHINKING THE HERITAGE OF EASTERN THINKERS

The article examines the relevance of spiritual and moral education in modern society, especially in conditions of moral crisis and geopolitical problems. The author emphasizes the importance of a harmonious combination of national and universal values in creating a new model of the educational process. Special attention is paid to the study of the heritage of thinkers of the past, in particular, the contribution of Ibn Sina, an outstanding thinker of the East. Ibn Sina presented education as a complex process, including mental, physical, aesthetic and moral development. His ethical ideas, especially in the field of morality and friendship, can be valuable for modern teachers and specialists in the field of spiritual and moral education. The article calls for rethinking and using the heritage of Eastern thinkers in the process of raising children and adolescents, as well as in the professional training of future teachers.

Interpretation of the Problem of Educational use of Aesthetic Views of Eastern Thinkers in Pedagogical Research

The article discusses the issue of learning from the moral, aesthetic, didactic and philosophical views of Eastern thinkers, their research from a mystical, pedagogical, didactic, axiological point of view. Thoughts are expressed about the fact that our spiritual heritage, which has been preserved and developed over the centuries, serves as a program in the education of a perfect human being. This paper delves into the interpretation of the problem concerning the educational utilization of aesthetic perspectives from Eastern thinkers in pedagogical research. It addresses the growing interest in integrating Eastern philosophical aesthetics into educational practices and examines the challenges and opportunities associated with this endeavor. Drawing on a comprehensive review of existing literature, this study explores various Eastern philosophical traditions, such as Taoism, Confucianism, and Zen Buddhism, to elucidate their unique perspectives on aesthetics and education. Additionally, it critically analyzes the implications of incorporating these perspectives into pedagogical frameworks, considering factors such as cultural context, educational goals, and practical implementation strategies. By synthesizing insights from Eastern thought and contemporary educational theory, this paper offers valuable reflections on how educators can effectively leverage Eastern aesthetic views to enrich teaching and learning experiences in diverse educational settings. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the intersection between Eastern philosophy and pedagogy, paving the way for further research and practice in this burgeoning field.

Renewal of Societal Ideosphere: An Analytical Study of Medieval Philosophical Thought

This article explores the evolution of philosophical ideas and perspectives that have significantly influenced the formation of democratic societies. It examines the genesis and dynamics of these ideas, focusing on how enlightenment and education have contributed to the renewal and advancement of societal ideologies and the acquisition of global knowledge. The analysis includes insights from medieval Eastern thinkers, who addressed the necessity of knowledge development for societal progress. These scholars employed scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, and generalization to advance their ideas. The philosophical concepts and teachings, which blend national and universal objectives, are highlighted for their role in promoting democratic development and are recognized as valuable contributions to philosophical heritage. The article underscores the importance of renewing the ideosphere within democratic development and acknowledges the objective laws governing societal progress. It provides a thorough examination of the scientific and philosophical perspectives of prominent thinkers, scholars, and public figures from the Middle Ages who contributed to this renewal. The research reveals that these historical insights are crucial for the intellectual and spiritual development of the younger generation. It argues that such philosophical and intellectual traditions foster a sense of initiative, responsibility, self-sacrifice, and engagement among youth, thereby supporting and advancing national development.

The Issues of NAFS Education in the Works of Eastern Thinkers

This article describes the ideas of education and upbringing in the period of the Khiva Khanate, as well as ideas on the issues of self-education in the lyrical works of Eastern thinkers

Study of Stable Social Relations in the Family in the Works of Eastern Thinkers

In this article, since ancient times, advanced persons in society, scientists, scholars and sages have paid particular attention to the issues of family and marriage. Abu Raikhan Beruni, Abu Ali ibn Sina, Abu Nasr Farabi, Yusuf Khos Hajib, Kaykovus, Alisher Navoi, Abdullah Avloni, Abdurauf Fitrat, many great scholars and scientists of the East left behind many scientific and practical ideas about raising a well-rounded person in their family and family social relations. These ideas are great importance for modern science and practice. Eastern thinkers of the past emphasized the importance of the family and family education in the maturity and development of a well-rounded person. In particular, they paid special attention to the fact that interpersonal relations in the family, the moral formation of the father and mother have a special place in the upbringing of the child, that the integrity and harmony of the family depend on all the family members. The Avesta, a book of Zoroastrianism written 2700 years earlier, states that the family is a sacred place, and that husbands and wives are equally responsible for the stability of family relations, especially in raising children. The following is said about what depends on the peace and well-being of the family: “Porso, if a person restore a house and allocates a place for fire, his family, his wife and children, if his house is filled with good things and his wife and children live comfortably, if there is faith, constant fire, and other things in abundance in his house, that address is respectable”. At the same time, it is explained that what should be paid special attention to ensure positive and stable relations in the family. According to the Avesta, it is better for the father to be the leader in the family.

Important Aspects of Public Control in the Activities of Local Executive Bodies in the New Republic of Uzbekistan

The article is devoted to wide-ranging research, and the important aspects of public control in the activities of local executive bodies in Uzbekistan today, the normative and legal basis of the action, and the differences from the previously adopted legislation are analyzed. The purpose of the study is to identify problems and shortcomings in the system of public control over the activities of local executive bodies in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The article provides an analysis of the results of a sociological survey conducted on the legal, regulatory documents of public control of the activities of local executive bodies in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In addition, a retrospective analysis of the views of Western researchers and ancient Eastern thinkers, such as public opinion, justice, and the basis of civil society because of the control of society over power, is described. As a scientific innovation, differences were found between the legislation on public control adopted in Uzbekistan and several regulations and decisions adopted by the Cabinet of Ministers, the fact that they cover all processes and the duties and powers are returned, and the clearly defined sequence of tasks. As a result, in the conditions of New Uzbekistan, it was determined that it is necessary to improve the functions of representative bodies, develop the mechanisms of their implementation, and restore legal knowledge in higher education institutions.

THE STUDY OF THE PROBLEM OF NATIONAL EDUCATION BY EASTERN THINKERS

In this article, you can get acquainted with the study of the issue of national education by eastern thinkers, methodological aspects of raising positive qualities in young people.

THE PROBLEM OF PERSONAL EMOTIONAL STATES IN THE WORKS OF EASTERN THINKERS

The article shows the role of subjective and objective factors influencing the formation of emotional states in the works of Eastern scholars. It is stated that the role of the volitional sphere is especially important in the process of controlling and managing the emotional stress of the Eastern thinkers. Also, our scholars distinguished the qualities and characteristics of a moral person and explained its meaning and essence.

ISSUES ON THE PEDAGOGICAL THOUGHT AND PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE OF EASTERN THINKERS

ISSUES ON THE PEDAGOGICAL THOUGHT AND PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE OF EASTERN THINKERS

(Philosophical) Pilgrimage to the East with a Visit to the West. Evgeniy A. Torchinov

Introduction.The article is devoted to the consideration of the conditions and possibilities of a positive study of the philosophy of the East. The world and domestic experience in interpreting the texts of Eastern thinkers was based on those cognitive methodological strategies that were formed in the mainstream of classical Oriental studies and have a pronounced philological, historical or regional character. This formed only a distorted view of the philosophical heritage of the peoples of the East. Such an approach gave grounds to classify the analyzed texts either as philosophical prehistory, or as non–philosophy in general. Therefore, the objectives of the article are, firstly, to clarify the reasons why an adequate perception of the essential and constitutive parameters of the philosophy of the East is difficult. Secondly, the clarification of those epistemological a priori, within which the philosophical East will manifest itself in the fullness of its revelations.Methodology and sources. The obtained research results were based on 1) works on the history of Russian Oriental studies; 2) classical Chinese (Taoist and Buddhist) texts; 3) the works of E.A. Torchinov, which served as a methodological guide for the article. The author also paid attention to clarifying those necessary "conditions of possibility" that can serve as a kind of methodological basic preset. Based on it, a specific toolset would be formed, used in the philosophical analysis of specific texts or text arrays.Results and discussion. E.A. Torchinov's legacy is taken as an example of the successful experience of philosophical interpretation of the texts of Eastern (in particular Chinese) thinkers. The works of the St. Petersburg researcher can be divided into several groups, the unification of which made it possible to create a conditional “layout” of system integralities. These are analysts: 1) text; 2) theory and practice; 3) integral constructions; 4) doctrine, historically manifested in a variety of forms; and 5) results, i.e. the presentation of their own texts, “stylistically” authentic autochthonous material.Conclusion. Today, for us, the philosophy of the East is an almost completely closed "continent". The disregard for the study of the East, characteristic of Russian science, largely reproduces the situation that has developed in humanitarian knowledge as such. One of the reasons is an epistemological preset, a certain mood of our cognitive apparatus. The works of E.A. Torchinov can serve as a successful example of a study adequate to the object of Eastern philosophy.

THE UNIQUENESS OF FAMILY RELATIONS TO A CHILD WHO NEEDS SPECIAL HELP

According to the decrees issued by President Sh. M. Mirziyoyev on the improvement of work on the restoration of our national cadres, the very antiquity, value and wealth of the Uzbek national culture have been proven. The Uzbek people, who have a long history, have a rich heritage of education, and have nurtured universal human qualities such as humanity, humility, hard work, friendship, and physical strength in their generations. The views of Eastern thinkers on education and upbringing are part of this heritage.

THOUGHTS OF EASTERN THINKERS ABOUT MUSIC

THOUGHTS OF EASTERN THINKERS ABOUT MUSIC

Maqam in the context of Islamic musical culture

The maqam, closely connected at first with the cult-ritual practice, absorbed and reflected philosophical and ethical ideas. These ideas, fixed in the system of maqams, despite their clear canonization, changed; they underwent a certain historical transformation due to changes in the social structure of society itself. However, the main aesthetic function of the maqam, the nature of its emotional and psychological impact on a person, a deep connection with the world around him, remained in the view of Eastern thinkers and musicians unshakable until the XX century. Today, macs should be understood on the one hand as a paradigmatic structure, on the other hand, as a compositional form. The subtlest gradation of human feelings, emotional and psychological states also determined a carefully developed (theoretically) mode, intonation, pitch system of images, symbols, signs, their connection with specific manifestations of spiritual experiences and emotional states. Certain universal principles of musical dramaturgy are observed in the makam, based on diverse contrast: fret, timbre-register, dynamic, vocal-instrumental, rhythmic. These internal contrasts are infinitely diverse, but they are outlined so subtly, barely perceptible. Instrumental and vocal-instrumental music in Islamic culture was mainly an environment of professional musicians who mastered the art of maqam thinking. Makam represented the unity of the theory of performing practice for musicians.

THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN KYRGYZSTAN

The article deals with the formation and development of psychology in Kyrgyzstan as a science. The study analyzed the history of psychology in Kyrgyzstan based on two interrelated factors. The article notes that the formation of psychology as a science and its development is influenced by the ideas and unique knowledge of Eastern thinkers, like a Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Abu al-Farabi, Beruni and Davani Jaliddin. And the article also reflects that in the folklore of the Kyrgyz people, the epic "Manas" and the works of the famous thinker J. Balasagyn has interesting ideas in the field of quality education.

Educational Issues in the Views of Eastern Thinkers

This thesis examines the thinkers of the East and their rich scientific and educational heritage. The thesis provides a brief overview of the modesty of some scientists and their activities.