East African Country Of Uganda Research Articles

Climate Change and Young People in Uganda: A Literature Review

The disruptions of anthropogenic climate change are increasingly severe. People living in sub-Saharan Africa are especially exposed to these risks, and amongst them young people. It is well established that climate disruptions have the potential to halt education, displace populations, and wreck infrastructure. This rigorous literature review focuses on climate change in the landlocked East African country of Uganda, demographically the world’s third youngest country, where young people struggle to get by due to insufficient work opportunities. Extended to other countries in the Eastern and Central African region, the review considers what is known about the intersection of youth livelihoods and climate change; young people’s susceptibility to climate disruption due to limited resources and livelihood options; and the constraints around their responses. The review findings suggest the need for substantial youth informed interventions to bolster young people’s economic resilience and adaptive capacity given the worsening climate change and prolonged population growth.

Genomic and Pathogenic Characteristics of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Chicken in Live Bird Markets and Backyard Flocks in Kenya.

Newcastle disease (ND) causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry in developing countries. In Kenya, despite rampant annual ND outbreaks, implementation of control strategies is hampered by a lack of adequate knowledge on the circulating and outbreak causing-NDV strains. This study reports the first complete genome sequences of NDV from backyard chicken in Kenya. The results showed that all three isolates are virulent, as assessed by the mean death time (MDT) and intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) in specific antibody negative (SAN) embryonated eggs and 10-day-old chickens, respectively. Also, the polybasic amino acid sequence at the fusion-protein cleavage site had the motif 112RRQKRFV118. Histopathological findings in four-week-old SPF chicken challenged with the NDV isolates KE001, KE0811, and KE0698 showed multiple organ involvement at five days after infection with severe effects seen in lymphoid tissues and blood vessels. Analysis of genome sequences obtained from the three isolates showed that they were 15192 base pair (bp) in length and had genomic features consistent with other NDV strains, the functional sites within the coding sequence being highly conserved in the sequence of the three isolates. Amino acid residues and substitutions in the structural proteins of the three isolates were similar to the newly isolated Tanzanian NDV strain (Mbeya/MT15). A similarity matrix showed a high similarity of the isolates to NDV strains of class II genotype V (89–90%) and subgenotype Vd (95–97%). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the three isolates are closely related to NDV genotype V strains but form a distinct cluster together with NDV strains from the East African countries of Uganda and Tanzania to form the newly characterized subgenotype Vd. Our study provides the first description of the genomic and pathological characteristics of NDV of subgenotype Vd and lays a baseline in understanding the evolutionary dynamics of NDV and, in particular, Genotype V. This information will be useful in the development of specific markers for detection of viruses of genotype V and generation of genotype matched vaccines.

Ebola virus disease: a commentary on clinical presentation and outcomes in children

In the last half a century, Ebola virus disease (EVD) has had remarkable epidemiological transitions. In the East African Country of Uganda, it first appeared as a less aggressive viral illness in the early 1970s and was an infrequent disease of little public health significance. However, in the last three decades, it reemerged as a severe viral illness with progressive and increasing frequency of outbreaks, especially in the Central and Western African regions (1-3).

Ebola virus disease: a commentary on clinical presentation and outcomes in children

In the last half a century, Ebola virus disease (EVD) has had remarkable epidemiological transitions. In the East African Country of Uganda, it first appeared as a less aggressive viral illness in the early 1970s and was an infrequent disease of little public health significance. However, in the last three decades, it reemerged as a severe viral illness with progressive and increasing frequency of outbreaks, especially in the Central and Western African regions (1-3). Moreover, the public health significance of EVD climaxed in the 2014 outbreak in West Africa, which led the WHO to declare a global emergency (4).

How native cultural values influence African journalists’ perceptions of China: in-depth interviews with journalists of Baganda descent in Uganda

Closer economic and political ties between China and Africa have contributed to the increasingly complicated image of China held on the African continent. With the help of in-depth interviews with 20 journalists of Baganda descent in the Kingdom of Buganda in the East African country of Uganda, this article draws comparisons between Chinese and Ganda cultures to examine how native cultural values shape the ways Ugandan journalists perceive China and China-related affairs. Because of the emphasis in both cultures on respect for “authority”, China’s authoritarian state-capitalism is a significant negative factor contributing to China’s image. However, the main source of conflict is the chasm between the isolated, closed-minded, racist expatriate Chinese community and the native culture in Buganda that cherished diversity. This study calls for more Sino–African research on a micro level, based on native culture outside the usual politico–economic frameworks.

Rwanda's Anglican Church and Post‐Genocide Reconciliation

After the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, thousands of Tutsis who had been living in exile in neighboring countries, especially in the East African countries of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania, returned to Rw...

What are the emerging features of community health insurance schemes in east Africa?

The three East African countries of Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya are characterized by high poverty levels, population growth rates, prevalence of HIV/AIDS, under-funding of the health sector, poor access to quality health care, and small health insurance coverage. Tanzania and Kenya have user-fees whereas Uganda abolished user-fees in public-owned health units. To provide comparative description of community health insurance (CHI) schemes in three East African countries of Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya and thereafter provide a basis for future policy research for development of CHI schemes. An analytical grid of 10 distinctive items pertaining to the nature of CHI schemes was developed so as to have a uniform lens of comparing country situations of CHI. The majority of the schemes have been in existence for a relatively short time of less than 10 years and their number remains small. There is need for further research to identify what is the mix and weight of factors that cause people to refrain from joining schemes. Specific issues that could also be addressed in subsequent studies are whether the current schemes provide financial protection, increase access to quality of care and impact on the equity of health services financing and delivery. On the basis of this knowledge, rational policy decisions can be taken. The governments thereafter could consider an option of playing more roles in advocacy, paying for the poorest, and developing an enabling policy and legal framework.

E-Governance in the Developing World in Action

E-Governance is a powerful tool for bringing about change to government processes in the developing world. E-governance operates at the cross roads between Information and Communication Technology and government processes, and can be divided into three overlapping domains: e-administration, e-services and e-society. In order to be successful, e-governance must be firmly embedded in the existing government processes, must be supported, both politically and technically, by the governments, and must provide users with reasons to use these on-line domains. In order to maximize the impact, process change needs to be considered part and parcel of e-governance.
 
 In this report, we present and evaluate an e-governance programme in the East African country of Uganda. The programme, DistrictNet, tries to provide transparency at the local government level and to improve the provision of public information through the implementation of ICT. DistrictNet started in 2002 and is on-going. The achievements of the programme are presented and evaluated according to the criteria of the three domains of e-governance and their impact on government processes. On the basis of this evaluation, we elicit lessons that can be used to guide similar programmes at the local government levels in the developing world. 

Apac's E‐Society Programme for Uganda

AbstractIn this article, the authors present and evaluate an e‐society strategy in the East African country of Uganda. The programme‐based on a participatory approach and the strategic use of digital and analogue ICTs‐aims to improve service delivery to the rural citizens of Apac district and strengthen democratic processes and interaction between Civil Society and Local Government. On the meta level the project aims to develop a practical model for civil society and local government interaction and collaboration towards common e‐society goals. The achievements of the project to date are presented and evaluated according to their impact on the quality of service delivery and the quality of democratic processes. On the basis of this article, the authors elicit lessons that can be used to guide similar programmes in rural areas in the developing world.

Changing maternal and child health in Uganda

The process of modernization in developing countries is accompanied by inevitable changes in the patterns of human reproductive activity. The East African country of Uganda illustrates this transition and the challenge it poses for the health professions. In particular, the problem of introducing preventive measures, the fruits of which are deferred, in the face of unmet demand for curative medical help, poses great difficulty. Experience in a program stressing preventive family care is reviewed, and the potential for enhancement of this approach is discussed.