Early Potato Production Research Articles

Effectiveness of applying the preparation Tropikanka 1 on potatoes in the forest steppe of the Obie region

The results of complex experiments to study the effectiveness of using the drug Tropikanka 1 on early potatoes of the Vega variety are presented. The studies were conducted in arid conditions on grey forest soils of the northern forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region. Before planting, the tubers were soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 with a dilution of 1:50 depending on the options: 1:100, 1:200 and without using the drug with soaking in water (control). The research aims to develop methods for using the environmentally friendly organic fertiliser Tropikanka 1 to stimulate the growth and development of potatoes, increasing their yield and product quality. It was established that on grey forest heavy loamy soil of the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Ob region under conditions of acute moisture deficiency in May, June and early July 2023, the use of pre-planting soaking of early potato tubers of the Vega variety for 15 minutes in a solution of Tropikanka 1 fertiliser, obtained based on bird droppings, accelerated the growth and development of potatoes by seven days compared to the control (using water). The largest area of potato leaves was observed against the background of pre-planting treatment of tubers with Tropikanka 1 at a dilution of 1:100, exceeding the control by 1.8 times. The yield of early potato production (the beginning of the third decade of July) with a dilution of the drug 1: 100 is 1.7 times higher than the control. The total yield against the background of soaking tubers with Tropikanka 1 fertiliser for the Vega variety when diluting the drug 1: 100 reached up to 33.8 t/ha, which is 38% higher than the control. At the same time, the yield of marketable products increased to 30 t/ha, exceeding the control by 52 %. The quality indicatorsof commercial products also improved. When the drug was diluted 1:100, there was an increase in starch content by 0.2 %. The concentration of nitrates during the use of the medication is 6.5 times lower than the maximum permissible concentration for potatoes.

Influence of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the formation of early harvest of potatoes in the conditions of the Moscow region

The article presents the results of a study of obtaining early potato production using a microbiological fertilizer in the conditions of the Moscow region. Early potato varieties were used for the study: Udacha, Bryansk delicacy, Red Scarlett, Zhukovsky early, Meteor, Riviera. All varieties of table appointment with high palatability are recommended for cultivation in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development of early potato plants and productivity. The experiment was carried out in 2020-2021. Observations and records in the experiment were carried out according to generally accepted methods when conducting field and laboratory studies on potato crops. Mass seedlings were noted in the variants with the treatment of tubers with the microbiological fertilizer Slavol in the following sequence: variety Zhukovsky, Meteor, Riviera, Udacha, Bryansk delicacy. The maximum total period from germination to harvesting on July 15 was longer in the variant with treatment in the Zhukovsky early variety (56 days), which further affected the increase in yield. The use of the microbiological fertilizer Slavol contributed to an increase in yield for all the studied varieties from 22.2 to 42.8% in relation to the control variant. Thus, in the experiment, the positive effect of microbiological fertilizer Slavol on the growth, development and yield of early potato varieties in the conditions of the Moscow region was established.

The influence of agrotechnical methods on the formation of the harvest of potatoes of the early variety

The article presents the results of research on agrotechnical methods of growing potatoes of the early Meteor variety in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone. To obtain products in the early stages, the following were used: covering materials of various density and light transmission (white and black) 17 g-m-2 and 30 g-m-2, germination of tubers, the influence of the fraction of the planting material on the formation of the crop. The Moscow region is characterized by extreme weather conditions in the early spring period, which often leads to a delay in the development and formation of the harvest of early potato production. For the implementation of research tasks, an early potato variety “Meteor” for table use was used - with good taste and recommended for obtaining ultra-early products. The variety has a high declared yield, resistance to diseases widespread in research conditions. The aim of the research was to obtain an increase in yields without the use of growth stimulants and chemical fertilizers, which is important for the modern buyer. According to the research results, we noted the effect of the covering material in combination with the germination of tubers on the early emergence of seedlings and a long growing season before the first and second harvesting. The maximum difference in yield was noted at 15.07 in relation to the control in variants with a covering material of 17 g-m-2 and 30 g-m -2 in combination with germination, as well as in the variant: tubers of a large fraction in combination with germination that amounted to 27 … 25%. The average increase for the first harvest was noted in variants with a covering material without germination of tubers that amounted to 8 … 11% in relation to the control. When cleaning, the gap between control and options decreased by 2 … 3% compared to the first harvest, and the total yield increased by 5 … 8% in all variants of the experiment in relation to the first harvest.

The Impact of Cultivation Management and Weed Control Systems of Very Early Potato on Weed Infestation, Biodiversity, and Health Safety of Tubers.

The aim of the research was to determine the impact of potato cultivation management and weeding systems on weed infestation and to evaluate the possibility of using biomarkers to assess consumer exposure to herbicide residues in potato tubers. The experiment was carried out in 2016–2018 in Central-Eastern Poland. The subject of research was the very early variety Lord. The experiment was established using the randomized block method in a split-plot design. The first order factor was cultivation management: (A) traditional and (B) under polyethylene sheeting (PE-sheeting) put “on flat”. The second-order factors were weed control systems: (a) mechanical (b) to (d)-chemical. The study determined the degree of damage to crops and weeds, fresh and dry weight of weeds, their number and floristic composition, and herbicide residues in tubers and in the soil. The fresh and dry mass of weeds was most effectively limited by mechanical and chemical treatment with the use of a preparation containing linuron. Managing potato cultivation with PE-sheeting and soil herbicides has proven to be safe for very early potato production. Used for pre-emergence care, the preparation containing linuron did not leave even trace amounts of this active substance in the tubers. The determined amount of the active substance fluorochloridon and clomazone was lower than the Maximum Residue Level (MRL) norm in the EU (European Union). As a result, the adopted, innovative management and weeding control systems in the cultivation of early potato varieties can be considered safe for the consumer.

Life Cycle Assessment to Highlight the Environmental Burdens of Early Potato Production

Climate change, food security, and the protection of the planet’s resources require the adoption of sustainable production models. Achieving sustainable development in the agri-food sector enables the creation of new opportunities for operators, guiding farmers towards more environmentally friendly practices and offering cost-effective results. Organic farming paradigms are promoted by the transformation of some harmful practices of conventional agriculture, such as the wide use of chemical products of synthesis, the deep workings that favor the erosive processes, the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers. There are still gaps in the knowledge of the real performance of some products that strongly support the local economic system of Sicily (Italy). The research aims to highlight the differences in environmental impact caused by the cultivation of organic early potatoes compared to the conventional regime and the same per kg of product obtained. To this end, the widely used methodology for comparing the environmental impacts of agricultural production systems is the Life Cycle Assessment, which allows us to highlight the phases in which environmental criticalities are most concentrated. An interesting agroecological picture of knowledge emerges, since organic farming is by definition an ecological model that supports the principles of the Green Deal, it often requires interventions to improve the yields obtained in order to achieve a positive result both in terms of cultivated surface and kg of product obtained.

Early potato production is positively affected by potassium fertilization

Two field experiments were conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019, at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt with aim of investigation of potassium application on earliness of potato. To achieve this goal, five different net potassium levels: 0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg/Feddan were applied and potato tubers were harvested at two harvesting times: 90 and 105 days after planation. The results reported that both potassium application and harvesting time as well as their interaction significantly affected most of the studied traits. The highest values of plant height, plant fresh weight, plant dry matter, tuber dry matter, marketable yield/feddan, total yield/feddan, soluble solid content (SSC), nitrogen (N) content and potassium (K) content were obtained from the plants received 120 kg K and harvested at 105 days after planation. While, the potassium fertilized plant at 120 kg/feddan and harvested at 90 days achieved the maximum values of total yield per plant, total sugar and non-reducing sugars. However, the difference between these two treatments was not necessarily significant for some traits. In addition, the results of the current study interestingly clarified that potassium level (150 kg) negatively affected some yield attributes in both harvesting times compared to the other potassium levels. Consequently, the result of the current study indicates that high level of potassium (120 kg) can hasten the earliness of potato, which may achieve notable financial profits for potato growers.

The Effect of Vine Kill Method on Vine Kill, Tuber Skinning Injury, Tuber Yield and Size Distribution, and Tuber Nutrients and Phytonutrients in Two Potato Cultivars Grown for Early Potato Production

The Effect of Vine Kill Method on Vine Kill, Tuber Skinning Injury, Tuber Yield and Size Distribution, and Tuber Nutrients and Phytonutrients in Two Potato Cultivars Grown for Early Potato Production

The Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Vine Kill, Tuber Skinning Injury, Tuber Yield and Size Distribution, and Tuber Nutrients and Phytonutrients in Two Potato Cultivars Grown for Early Potato Production

Sixteen vine kill programs were tested on Bintje and Ciklamen potato cultivars grown for early potato production over a three year period near Paterson, Washington. Mechanical (flail chopping, flail chopping and undercutting), chemical (glufosinate, diquat, sulfuric acid, carfentrazone, pyraflufen-ethyl), and physical (flaming) vine kill methods, and sequential combinations of the three were effective in killing rapidly growing potato vines of Bintje and Ciklamen. Rolling and crimping did not kill vines as completely and more vine regrowth occurred than with most other methods tested. Tuber skinning injury was greatly reduced when harvesting at 4 weeks after initial vine kill than at 2 weeks. None of the vine kill programs were able to hasten skin set enough to allow tubers to be harvested at 2 weeks after initial vine kill without significant tuber skinning injury. Glufosinate treatments that were applied several days earlier than other initial vine kill treatments tended to average less skinning injury at the early harvest possibly due to more time elapsing between initial vine kill and harvest. Total tuber yield and size distribution were similar among most vine kill treatments, with the exception of the earlier applied glufosinate treatments, which tended to reduce total yield, but still yielded a similar mass of desired 25 to 35 mm diameter tubers. Tubers from vine-killed plots tended to average greater N, P, K, Fe, and Ca content than tubers from non-killed control plots of both cultivars. Tuber ascorbate levels were also greater in non-killed controls, whereas total phenolic content tended to be greatest in earlier-applied glufosinate treatments. Nonchemical vine kill methods, chemical vine kill methods, and combinations of the two were identified that killed vines well, had low skinning injury at the 4 week harvest, and yielded similar amounts of 25 to 35 mm diameter early potato tubers.

Wykorzystanie oslon z wl�kniny polipropylenowej w produkcji ziemniak�w � praca przegladowa

This paper analyzes the effect of non-woven polypropylene covers on plant growth and development, frost protection, tuber yield and quality and the economic effectiveness in early potato production. A high income from early potato production is possible under conditions assuring early setting and rapid gain of tuber yield and its marketing when the price is highest. The application of non-woven polypropylene covers accelerates plant emergence by 2­8 days and the growth and development of plants in the later period, and results in an earlier new potato harvest by up to 2-3 weeks. It also increases the tuber yield and reduces the yield variability in all years. Accelerating plant growth using non-woven polypropylene covers affects not only tuber yield quantity, but also contributes to improvement of the tuber quality, especially by an increase in dry matter, potassium and phosphorus content of tubers and decrease nitrate concentration. Such a method of potato production requires higher incurred input. Increasing the production inputs is effective when the value of the tuber yield increase obtained as a result of plant covering is higher than the costs incurred. A higher productive effect of covering is usually obtained in years with a cold spring and a very early potato harvest date. A considerable tuber yield increase in cultivation under non-woven polypropylene cover results in decreased unit costs and, consequently, the cost-effectiveness of production is higher than without covering. In conditions favouring rapid potato growth, the production costs of 1 kg tuber under cover are higher, which makes production less profitable than cultivation without plant covering.

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT NITROGEN DOSES ON TUBER YIELD AND SOME AGRONOMICAL TRAITS OF EARLY POTATOES

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the effects of different nitrogen rates on tuber yield and some agronomical traits of early potatoes grown in 2011 and 2012. The field trial was conducted at the experimental field of Cukurova University, in the Randomized Complete Block Designs, with three replications, with Marfona a medium early table potato. Zero, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 and 360 kg ha -1 pure nitrogen doses were applied. According to the mean values of two years, the total tuber yield was 24.0 ton ha -1 in the control plot. The highest yield per hectare (53.31 ton ha -1 ) was obtained from the 240 kg ha -1 N applied plots. Beyond 240 kg ha -1 peak, as the dose was increased, the tuber yield was decreased. In addition, the marketable tuber yield ratio was 95.60 % with 0 N dose. When the N dose increased to 200 kg ha -1 , the marketable tuber yield has also increased up to 97.41. After 200 kg ha -1 dose, the marketable tuber yield has started to decrease. Keywords: Early potato production, Nitrogen fertilizer, Potato, Tuber yield

Effects of seed size and in-row spacing on growth and yield of early potato in a mediterranean-type environment in Turkey.

Optimizing plant density and seed size are the most important subjects of early potato production systems in mediterranean-type environments due to their effects on seed cost, plant development, yield and quality of the crop. The effects of different in-row spacing (20, 25, 30 and 35 cm) and seed size (small, medium and large) treatments on yield components and tuber yield of early potato were studied in Adana, where is situated in the east mediterranean region of Turkey, during 2006 and 2007 growing seasons. It was determined that closer spacing reduced tuber number per hill, average tuber weight, tuber yield per hill and percentages of large and medium size tubers. Total yields increased as increasing planting density up to 20 cm spacing. Planting larger seeds positively affected all growth and yield components in both years. Tuber yield per hectare was increased up to certain stem density and then started to decline at all seed sizes. However, the optimum stem density for the maximum tuber yield per hectare markedly differed depending on size of seed tubers. The optimum stem density increased with increasing seed size. Our findings indicated that size of seed tuber has further importance for growth of potato plant as well as competition aspect in early potato production in the mediterranean-type environments. Hence it was concluded that using larger tubers had an advantage for vigorous early growth and for obtain high tuber yield in early potato production in the mediterranean-type environments. Seed size should be considered during recommendation for planting density in potato production. Key words: Seed size, in-row spacing, early potato, competition.

The effect of polypropylene fleece covering on the yield of early potatoes

In 2000–2003 the effect of white fleece Pegas-agro 17 UV on the dynamics of yield formation in irrigated early potatoes (Adora and Impala varieties) was investigated in an early potato production region of the Czech Republic. The fleece was placed over the crops for 49 days (2000), 35 days (2001), 37 days (2002) or 45 days (2003) after the planting. The fleece significantly increased the yield of commercial tubers at early harvest (31. 5. 2000 to 121.3%, 7. 6. 2001 to 133.7% and 31. 5. 2002 to 134.5% in comparison with the control and on average of both varieties). Differences between the control variant and the fleece variant were insignificant during harvest at the end of June. In later sequential harvests differences between the fleece variant and the control variant diminished and at the end of June they were already insignificant. Between the varieties a greater yield effect was found in Impala variety in comparison with Adora variety. Favourable effects of the fleece on soil temperatures were demonstrated.  

Different irrigation methods and water stress effects on potato yield and yield components

This research was conducted during the spring seasons of 2000 and 2002 in Hatay province located in the East Mediterranean Region of Turkey. The research investigated the effects of two drip irrigation methods and four different water stress levels on potato yield and yield components. The surface drip (SD) and subsurface drip (SSD) irrigation methods were used. The levels were full irrigation ( I 100), 66% of full irrigation ( I 66), 33% of full irrigation ( I 33) and un-irrigated ( I 0) treatments. Five and three irrigation were applied in 2000 and 2002 early potato growing seasons, respectively. Total irrigation amount changed from 102 to 302 mm and from 88 to 268 mm in 2000 and 2002, respectively. Seasonal evapotranspiration changed between 226 and 473 mm and 166 and 391 mm in 2000 and 2002, respectively. SD and SSD irrigation methods did not result in a significant difference on yield. However, SD method has more advantages than SSD method, which has difficulties in replacement and higher system cost. Irrigation levels resulted in significant difference in both years on yield and its components. Water stress significantly affected the yield and yield parameters of early potato production. Water deficiency more than 33% of the irrigation requirement could not be suggested. Water use efficiency (WUE) of SD irrigation methods had generally higher values than SSD irrigation methods. Treatment I 33 gave maximum irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) for both years. SSD irrigation method did not provide significant advantage on yield and WUE, compared to SD irrigation in early potato production under experimental conditions. Therefore, the SD irrigation method would be recommended in early potato production under Mediterranean conditions.

The Effect of Seed‐Tuber Physiological Age and Cultivar on Early Potato Production

AbstractEnhancing physiological aging of seed‐potatoes has the potential to substantially affect production, especially for short‐season growing areas. This study analysed the effect of seed‐tuber age and cultivar, jointly, to identify the combination for optimum early crop production, based on field experiments conducted at two locations in Nova Scotia, Canada. The potato cultivars Superior, AC‐Novachip, Niska, and Yukon Gold were aged by exposing seeds stored at 4 °C to warming periods of 0, 242 (3 weeks), and 484 (6 weeks) day‐degrees, prior to planting. Cultivar and age levels were completely randomized within each location and replicated four times. Harvest periods at 65, 80 and 95 days after planting (DAP) were analysed as an unbalanced split‐plot factorial, with year as a random blocking factor, location as a whole plot treatment, and cultivar and age crossed as subplot treatments. Total yield and marketable yield from Yukon Gold improved with physiological age when harvested early at 65 and 80 DAP, while that from AC‐Novachip improved when aged only 3 weeks. Niska was not affected by age. Overall, AC‐Novachip was consistently better than the remaining cultivars, regardless of age. The best treatment combination that maximized marketable yield was Yukon Gold aged 6 weeks planted at a commercial farm and harvested 95 DAP. For early harvest (65 DAP), however, AC‐Novachip aged 3 weeks and Yukon Gold aged 6 weeks generated the highest yields. Niska and Superior generated lower yield and higher culls.

Effects of site of seed production on seed yields and regrowth of progeny tubers in potatoes

SUMMARYNine experiments are reported in which effects of site of seed production on dormancy, sprout and field growth of progeny tubers were recorded. The experiments used early varieties, Home Guard (four experiments), Red Craigs Royal (three experiments) and Arran Comet (two experiments) and in each, seed crops were grown with similar husbandry at sites differing in altitude and location in western England and Wales. There was no consistent effect of site of seed production on the timing of the end of dormancy, and the maximum effect in any year was 11 ± 1·2 (S.E.) days. The small effects of site on dormancy influenced initial sprout lengths, and this effect usually persisted up to planting in Home Guard and Red Craigs Royal, although the effects were small in magnitude. There was no effect of site of seed production on sprout lengths at planting or on field growth and yields in Arran Comet. In the other two varieties there was no effect of site of seed production on yield at early harvests, but at later harvests seed from cooler upland sites sometimes significantly outyielded lowland seed. There was, therefore, no evidence to support the view that locally produced seed was advantageous for early potato production. The results, together with those of the concurrent series with maincrop varieties reported by Wurr (1979), show that on half the occasions on which yields were measured covering the whole of the harvesting period, site of seed production had no effect on yields. In these experiments with early varieties effects of site occurred only at harvests later than the commercial harvesting of such old seed. It is therefore suggested that site of seed production is a much less important determinant of tuber yield than hitherto suggested, and of little practical significance.

Effects of common scab (Streptomyces scabies) on potatoes

SUMMARYSeed tubers with severe (71% cover) or slight (12% cover) common scab selected from a badly infected crop of cv. Maris Piper were boxed for sprouting in November and February and planted in field experiments at Woburn and Rothamsted in 1980.The severely scabbed seed lost more moisture than the slightly scabbed seed during sprouting and sprouted from a larger number of eyes but total stem numbers were greater on plants from the slightly scabbed seed. Plant growth during the first 6–9 wk after planting was less from the severely scabbed than from the slightly scabbed seed. This was shown by records of ground cover, leaf area index, fresh weights of stems and leaves, total tuber yield (18% lower at 9 wk) and tuber number. Subsequently these differences became non‐significant. Seed with slight scab boxed in November produced smaller numbers of progeny tubers than that boxed in February but there were no other consistent effects of boxing date on growth and yield. Scab incidence on progeny tubers was very slight and unrelated to the severity of disease on the seed tubers.It seems unlikely that severe scab infection of seed tubers would significantly decrease tuber yields except perhaps in early potato production.

Early potato production in area of Cluj

Early potato production in area of Cluj

Early potato varieties and main crop production in the Yakima Valley

Early potato varieties and main crop production in the Yakima Valley