Early Medieval Germany Research Articles

:The Foundations of Royal Power in Early Medieval Germany: Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State

:<i>The Foundations of Royal Power in Early Medieval Germany: Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State</i>

&lt;em&gt;The Foundations of Royal Power in Early Medieval Germany: Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State&lt;/em&gt;. By David S. Bachrach. Woodbridge: Boydell, 2022. ISBN 978-1-783-728-5 (hb). xix + 364 pp. &amp;pound;75 ISBN 978-1-800-10633-8 (ePDF). xix + 364 pp. &amp;pound;24.99

Review of: David Bachrach, The Foundations of Royal Poer in Early Medieval Germany: Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State, (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2022).

Joshua M. Cragle. Converting the Saxons: A Study of Violence and Religion in Early Medieval Germany

Joshua M. Cragle. <i>Converting the Saxons: A Study of Violence and Religion in Early Medieval Germany</i>

David S. Bachrach, The Foundations of Royal Power in Early Medieval Germany. Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State. Woodbridge, Boydell Press 2022

David S. Bachrach, The Foundations of Royal Power in Early Medieval Germany. Material Resources and Governmental Administration in a Carolingian Successor State. Woodbridge, Boydell Press 2022

КНИЖНАЯ МИНИАТЮРА ГЕРМАНИИ ОТТОНОВСКОЙ ЭПОХИ

The article deals with the art criticism analysis of the book miniature of early medieval Germany as a phenomenon of the European culture, which received its artistic development starting from the reign of the emperors of the Ottonian dynasty in the middle of the X - the first half of the XI century. The research task is to define the general and the particular in the art of the book miniature that absorbed, on the one hand, the ancient and early medieval cultural impact of the Byzantine Empire, and, on the other hand, its own cultural and philosophical attitudes. It is identified that the early medieval German book miniature of the era of the Ottonian emperors, in the surviving artifacts such as Gospels, Psalters, Lectionaries, is full of images with expressive mimicry and gestures, dramatic effect of the plots that was dictated mainly by the general exaltation of the era. The practical significance of the article is in the determination of the common points of the public and artistic development of Germany and Russia, which constitute the Pan-European cultural space.

Royal Licensing of Ecclesiastical Property Exchanges in Early Medieval Germany: Ottonian Practice on Carolingian Foundations

The obligations of churches within the German kingdom to provide material support to the Ottonian kings during the tenth and early eleventh centuries, that is their servitium regis, has received co...

Farmsteads in early medieval Germany – architecture and organisation

In Germany early medieval rural settlements are known from a rising number of excavated sites. Rural architecture was a wooden architecture. Only churches were built in stone. A farmstead consisted of several buildings: the main house and several economic buildings as pit houses and storages. Before the 1980s, when large scale excavations became more and more common, there was little awareness of changes in rural settlement history. The formation of still existing villages was only late in the Middle Ages. However, even today it is difficult to understand the changes in rural architecture as there are distinct regional differences. Probably the 5th century on the one hand and the period of village formation between the 10th and 13th centuries on the other hand were the most innovative periods. This article provides a short characteristic of buildings and settlement organisation. He gives an outline of research history and identifies some recent trends and future perspectives of research.

Bishops in the Medieval Empire: New Perspectives on the Church, State and Episcopal Office

AbstractThrough the mid‐20th century, most historical research on bishops and the episcopate in early medieval Germany and the Holy Roman Empire was carried out within a conceptual framework known as the Imperial Church System (Reichskirchensystem), a merging of the early medieval church and royal government. The Reichskirchensystem grew out of a tradition of 19th century political history which took as its primary concern the evolution of the modern constitutional state and viewed the church and its personnel – namely bishops – as mostly negative influences on those processes over time. In the post‐war period, new approaches to constitutional and social history in the German academy prompted scholars to recast bishops as aristocratic elites and focus on the way they exercised lordship, or Herrschaft. More recently, studies of the episcopacy in Germany have embraced a variety of interdisciplinary methods and new approaches to medieval sources and begun to explore the ways bishops construed their power as a unique sphere of authority within the political and social worlds of the Middle Ages.

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany c. 936-1075. John W. Bernhardt

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsItinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany c. 936-1075. John W. Bernhardt Patrick J. GearyPatrick J. Geary Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Religion Volume 76, Number 1Jan., 1996 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/489748 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright 1996 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936- 1075.John W. Bernhardt

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936- 1075.John W. Bernhardt

A slave marriage ceremony from early medieval Germany: A note and a document in translation

A slave marriage ceremony from early medieval Germany: A note and a document in translation

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936- 1075.

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936- 1075.

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936-1075 by John W. Bernhardt

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936-1075. By John W. Bernhardt. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought, fourth series, 21. (New York: Cambridge University Press. 1993. Pp. xix, 376. $69.95.) Ottonian and Salian power was no foregone conclusion. Where recent studies of the tenth and eleventh centuries have emphasized German monarchy's ideological strength and reliance on episcopal support, John Bernhardt's prime focus is on the painstaking construction and maintenance of royal power through the control of monasteries. And since monastic life, unlike episcopacy, never has been for men only, Bernhardt reveals (without quite accenting) the immense contribution of women to the working of monarchy. Itinerancy as a method of government imposes its own requirements. Before they staged representations of monarchy, sacral kings (and queens?) needed bed and breakfast. Though Bernhardt does not side-line ideology, he puts center-field the management of economic and military resources. His book, drawing discriminatingly on a vast historiography largely in German, will be as welcome to empiricists, and not least to anglophone students, as to exponents of conceptual history. Its organization is rock-solid: three chapters on the kingdom's political, ideological, and economic structures; four chapters on regional case studies. What did monasteries do for German monarchy? Rather than attempting a legalistic formula, Bernhardt maps the relationship onto the political contours of the realm. Royal monasteries were situated in the base-zones of royal power, but, still more often, in the regions of the transit between those zones (excellent maps demonstrate this regions therefore militarily and politically strategic, and regions in which by definition few royal lands were located. First and foremost, monastic servitium meant hospitality. Using methodology developed by E. Mueller-Mertens, supplemented where possible by archaeological evidence, Bernhardt can show that the number of royal stays at certain major monasteries, Quedlinburg, Hersfeld, and Fulda, for instance, was much greater than hitherto thought. A further kind of service, selectively required, was military, performed by warriors endowed with monastic lands. Bernhardt argues persuasively that, following Carolingian precedents, monastic property was divided between abbot/abbess and community and that the royal servitium fell only on the abbatial portion. But abbots/abbesses were often driven by royal demands to encroach on conventual resources. The relationship between monarchs and monasteries, inherited from the Carolingian Empire, developed in the tenth-century east on similar lines to the ninth-century west. Henry II, like Carolingian rulers, aimed at the twin goals of better monastic conduct and improved economic management because both served the realm. Bernhardt's emphasis here is a welcome corrective to the misconception entertained by some modern historians (though not by modern ecclesiastical managers) that religious reform and efficient financial arrangements are somehow mutually exclusive. …

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, 936-1075

Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, 936-1075

Itinerant kingship and royal monasteries in early medieval Germany c.936-1075

Itinerant kingship and royal monasteries in early medieval Germany c.936-1075

Peasants in the Middle Ages (review)

166 Reviews from arguments of self-defence to resistance. She suggests a series of steps in the direction of a right to rebel (p. 42). Yet only once does she cite a pamphlet couching a justification for violence in terms of resistance (p. 40), and only once, if heavy irony and litotes are discounted, is there a justification for rebellion (p. 60). Rather, where w e find it resistance is still a term rapidly to be converted into self-defence. Tyrannicide is its ultimate expression and rebellion remains in an accusatory register. What Parrow actually shows is not a shift from self-defence to resistance but an increasing reliance on an extensive social or communal self whose agents may act pre-emptively if necessary in some public interest. This continuing if euphemistic reliance is required precisely by the need to avoid the accusation of rebellion. It is little wonder that men on ah sides appealed to the law whenever they could and accused then opponents of breaking it first. Parrow's accurate translations of often rare documents make this quite clear, despite the suggestions of a misleading trajectory. If this is put aside, we are left with an elegant synthesis of the materials desperate men juggled before the law, setting an ominous precedent for the following century. Conal Condren School of Political Science University of N e w South Wales Rosener, Werner, Peasants in the Middle Ages, trans. Alexander Stutzer, Cambridge and Oxford, Polity Press, 1992; cloth; pp. xi, 338; 42 figures; R.R.P. AUS$145.00 [distributed in Australia by Allen & Unwin]. This survey of German peasant life in the Middle Ages, fust published in German in 1985, is commendably lucid and weU organized. It begins with a discussion of the origins and development of the peasantry in early medieval Germany. Rosener's general approach wiU be famUiar to readers of Duby's Guerriers et paysans, but his survey of the German structures will nonetheless be of considerable value. It concludes with a hurried survey of the agrarian crisis of the later Middle Ages. Since Rosener has done valuable specialist work in this field, this part of the book is very disappointing. There is no sustained analysis of the impact of the Black Death on the rural economy and society, and there is no significant engagement with recent discussion of the origins of the 'second serfdom' in eastern Germany. Reviews 167 The main body of the work consists of four groups of chapters on peasant life in the High Middle Ages. In thefirstRosener discusses the process of land-clearance and setdement in Germany, seeing the colonization process in the east as part of general expansionary forces in medieval Europe, and draws on a range of evidence, archaeological as well as legal, to explore patterns of vUlage development and peasant housing. In the next he moves on to discuss aspects of peasant hfe and work, including an engaging chapter on clothes and food in addition to important chapters on agricultural techniques and the organization of labour. The theme of the following group is social organization. There are useful chapters which discuss the communities of neighbourhood and village, family and kinship, and stratification among the German peasantry. In the last group Rosener focuses on manorial organization, issues of freedom and servitude, and peasant revolts and resistance. All this is very useful. Rosener provides a clear summary of the state of knowledge and a lucid guide to the complexities of the German scene. The period covered is defined as 1000-1400 and, though in practice the focus is on the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, there is an inevitable tendency to present too static a picture of peasant life. The problem is compounded by the use of sources from the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. The quality of the pictorial evidence for German peasant life in the age of humanism and reform is most impressive, and the book is greatly enlivened by the selection of engravings; however, such images demand careful contextualization and detailed analysis. The main disappointment remains Rosener's reluctance toriseabove a stock-taking exercise. Even in relation to the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, on which the book is strongest...