Earl Of Southampton Research Articles

Another Cryptogram in "Shakespeare's" Dedication to His Sonnets

I read with great interest the paper by Peter Sturrock and Kathleen Erickson (Sturrock & Erickson, 2020) on the Dedication in Shakespeare’s Sonnets. I am neither a scholar of literature, nor of Shakespeare, and I do not want to enter the fray as to who was the author of Shakespeare’s sonnets and plays. But I must confess that I found the arguments presented by Sturrock and Erickson intriguing. It is in that vein I would like to communicate an interesting finding. On page 302, Figure 21, of their paper, they present the Dedication of the Sonnets as a grid of 12 x 12 letters. This was done under the assumption that cryptograms can be deciphered better if they are laid out in a certain format. They then present the message they assume is contained there: “PRO PARE VOTIS EMERITER” as a devotion of Edward de Vere, the Earl of Oxford to his supposed friend, the Earl of Southampton, Henry Wriothesley. I find this a possible meaning. My experience with Latin texts – based on a translation of a medieval mystical writer from Latin into German and the reading of many original Latin texts, mainly from the middle ages and beyond (Hugo de Balma, 2017; Walach, 1994, 2010) – let another sequence jump out at me:
 SI PATET PRO MIRE VERO RETIRO
 The translation would read:
 "If it becomes miraculously obvious [who I am], I retire."
 That this is a reference of the proposed author, Edward de Vere, to himself would become clear from the double use of “vero”.

Metaphysics of the biography. How many parts to Shakespeare’s <i>Sonnets</i>?

The two-part structure for the sequence of Shakespeare’s Sonnets was suggested by its first editor Edmund Malone at the end of the 18th c. and proved to be a long-standing tradition. Recently not a few attempts have been made to clarify the logic practiced by the Renaissance sonneteers in whose context Shakespeare’s lyrical narration is problematized. This article joins to ascertain the boundaries of inner cycles within the sequence in order to follow the denouement of its plot. The author argues that the Renaissance sequence, much unlike the narrative logic in the novel, does not present a consistent love story but rather the sessions of sweet silent thought (sonnet 30), reflective in the sonnet and growing more and more metaphysical in Shakespeare, both in diction and metaphor. Certain biographical allusions in the sequence (some of them advanced by the author) support that it was written between 1592 and 1603–1604 to the Earl of Southampton as its addressee.

Shakespeare and the Resistance: The Earl of Southampton, the Essex Rebellion, and the Poems that Challenged Tudor Tyranny. By ClareAsquith. Pp. 288, PublicAffairs, 2019, $23.99.

The Heythrop JournalVolume 61, Issue 3 p. 547-550 Book Review Shakespeare and the Resistance: The Earl of Southampton, the Essex Rebellion, and the Poems that Challenged Tudor Tyranny. By Clare Asquith. Pp. 288, PublicAffairs, 2019, $23.99. Andrea Campana, Andrea Campana Austin, TexasSearch for more papers by this author Andrea Campana, Andrea Campana Austin, TexasSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 April 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/heyj.13566Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume61, Issue3Special Issue: Literature and ReligionMay 2020Pages 547-550 RelatedInformation

Shakespeare and the Resistance: The Earl of Southampton, the Essex Rebellion, and the Poems that Challenged Tudor Tyranny

Shakespeare and the Resistance: The Earl of Southampton, the Essex Rebellion, and the Poems that Challenged Tudor Tyranny

Teaching and Learning Guide for: ‘Representing the Duke of Buckingham: Libel, Counter-Libel and the Example of The Emperor’s Favourite’

Teaching and Learning Guide for: ‘Representing the Duke of Buckingham: Libel, Counter-Libel and the Example of The Emperor’s Favourite’

Was Southampton a Poet? A Verse Letter to Queen Elizabeth [with text

AbstractThis essay investigates the authorship of “The Earle of Southampton prisoner, and condemned. to Queen Elizabeth,” a 74‐line poem found in British Library Manuscript Stowe 962. Supposedly composed by Henry Wriothesley, third Earl of Southampton, this poem appears to be a scribal copy of a verse epistle pleading for the Queen's mercy after Southampton was convicted for treason with the Earl of Essex following his 1601 uprising. Because references in the poem point to its author's awareness of intimate details of Southampton's career, health, and writing style, relevant matters from his life prior to Elizabeth's commutation of his death sentence are considered. The manuscript context for the only known copy of this poem is explored, for the miscellany's high level of accuracy regarding attributions enhances the likelihood that this ascription to Southampton is accurate. (L. M. C.)

Bertram, the Third Earl of Southampton, and Shakespeare's All's Well That Ends Well: A Speculative Psychosexual Biography

The resemblance between certain character traits and details of the life of Henry Wriothesley, the Third Earl of Southampton, and aspects of Shakespeare's portrayal of Bertram in All's Well That Ends Well is more intriguing than commentators noting this resemblance have shown. By darkening Bertram's traits in comparison to those of his counterpart, Beltramo, in the play's source in a tale in Boccaccio's Decameron, Shakespeare darkened the similar character of Southampton. Certain passages in Shakespeare's Sonnets and in plays such as King Lear, Macbeth, and The Winter's Tale illuminate this hypothesized negative perspective on the Earl. Tracing these references constructs a speculative psychosexual biography of Shakespeare, in which Southampton plays a role that complicates interpretation not only of Bertram's character but also of the notorious bed trick of All's Well with its implications of spiritual — if not literal — adultery. The unique representation of the bed trick in this dark comedy may have served a momentary purpose of assuaging the playwright's assumed guilt for having likely committed the sin of adultery recorded in the Sonnets.

Reading Names in an Elizabethan Allusion: Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, and Thomas Nashe

AbstractMy 1974 edition of Everard Guilpin's 1598 collection of satires and epigrams, Skialetheia, fails to recognize how heavily one passage relies for many of its effects on the names of the two individuals ridiculed and thus, in consequence, how readily the two are identifiable. I now see that the initials of Southampton and Nashe are given prominence in one line and that the text plays throughout, in a variety of ways, on the name Henry Wriothesley, Third Earl of Southampton, thought by most scholars to be the Fair Young Man of Shakespeare's Sonnets. This allusion to these two has gone unnoticed (other than in my edition) and its method of playing on names thus gone unappreciated. My identification of the two satirized by Guilpin, which was tentative in my edition, can now be confident. Specialists in the English Literary Renaissance need to be alert to the way names were embedded within texts.

The Earl of Southampton’s Donation to the Bodleian in 1605 and its Spanish Books

The Earl of Southampton’s Donation to the Bodleian in 1605 and its Spanish Books

The Folger Text of Thomas Nashe's "Choise of Valentines"

Previous articleNext article No AccessBIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTEThe Folger Text of Thomas Nashe's "Choise of Valentines"Robert C. Evans and Kurt R. NilandRobert C. Evans Search for more articles by this author and Kurt R. Niland Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America Volume 87, Number 3SEPTEMBER 1993 Published for the Bibliographical Society of America Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/pbsa.87.3.24304392 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref COPYRIGHT 1994 THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICAPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Linda Grant Latin Erotic Elegy and the Shaping of Sixteenth-Century English Love Poetry, 16 (Aug 2019).https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108663847D. Allen Carroll Reading Names in an Elizabethan Allusion: Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, and Thomas Nashe, Names 46, no.11 (Jul 2013): 29–36.https://doi.org/10.1179/nam.1998.46.1.29IAN FREDERICK MOULTON Transmuted into a Woman or Worse: Masculine Gender Identity and Thomas Nashe's “Choice of Valentines”, English Literary Renaissance 27, no.11 (Nov 2016): 57–88.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6757.1997.tb01100.xRobert C. Evans Nashe's “Choise” and Chaucer's Pardoner, ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews 9, no.44 (Oct 1996): 21–24.https://doi.org/10.1080/0895769X.1996.10543155

Rebel Lords, Popular Playwrights, and Political Culture: Notes on the Jacobean Patronage of the Earl of Southampton

In both Houses, the King had a strong party, especially in the House of Lords. All courtiers, and most of the bishops, steered by his compass, and the Prince's presence, who was a constant member, did cast an awe among many of them, yet there were some gallant spirits that aimed at the public liberty, more than their own interest .... among which the principal were, Henry Earl of Oxford, Henry Earl of Southampton, Robert Earl of Essex, Robert Earl of Warwick, the Lord Say, the Lord Spencer, and divers others that supported the old English honour, and would not let it die .... Southampton, though he were one of the King's Privy Council, yet was he no great courtier. Salisbury kept him at bay, and pinched him so by reason of his relation to old Essex, that he never flourished much in his time; nor was his spirit, after him, so smooth-shod as to go always the court pace, but that now and then he would make a carrier that was not very acceptable to them; for he carried his business closely and slyly, and was rather an adviser than an actor.

Something More About Shakespeare's Patron

Journal Article Something More About Shakespeare's Patron Get access G. P. V. Akrigg G. P. V. Akrigg G. P. V. AKRIGG, Professor of English at the University of British Columbia, is the author of Jacobean Pageant and Shakespeare and the Earl of Southampton. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 28, Issue 1, Winter 1977, Pages 65–72, https://doi.org/10.2307/2869633 Published: 01 January 1977

The Fall of Lord Chancellor Wriothesley: A Study in the Politics of Conspiracy

In the autumn and winter of 1546-1547 there was a major change in the distribution of political power in England. A group of leading councillors linked by conservatism were driven from court and council. Some forfeited office, others their freedom, and the Earl of Surrey his life. Bishops Gardiner and Bonner went to gaol. Tunstal suffered the loss of much of his vast liberty of Durham. Great Norfolk lay under sentence of death, in the Tower. Lord Chancellor Wriothesley, the Earl of Southampton, was deprived of his office, allegedly for acts ultra vires, and was under house arrest in Ely Place, his London palace. He had also been fined 4,000 pounds, under the sentence given on the 6th of March and the additions to it made on June 29th.Historians seeking an explanation of the political earthquake have often adopted a simple but attractive thesis. As Henry VIII's life ebbed the balance tipped toward the “Protestants,” perhaps because it was the king's own wish or because there was a secret pact, in fact a conspiracy, between Sir William Paget and Sir Edward Seymour. The chief historians of the transit of power have provided direct evidence supporting the idea of a pact between Paget, the ‘master of Practices,’ and the king's brother-in-law, the military hero Hertford who was also the uncle of Prince Edward.

New Light on the Last Days and Death of Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton

New Light on the Last Days and Death of Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton

Robert Bridges and Samuel Butler on Shakespeare’s Sonnets: An Exchange of Letters

N exchange of letters (hitherto published only in fragments') between Robert Bridges and Samuel Butler on Shakespeare's Sonnets is of interest not only because it reflects the attitude toward the Sonnets of two important literary men of the last century, but also because it has a direct relevance to more recent attempts by Leslie Hotson to date the poems and by John Crowe Ransom and Yvor Winters to re-evaluate their merits. The occasion of the correspondence was the publication of Samuel Butler's Shakespeare's Sonnets Reconsidered (i899).2 Butler sent Bridges a complimentary copy of his book. In thanking him, the future poet laureate gave Butler a frank appraisal of what he considered to be the merits and demerits of the volume. A lively discussion ensued which is published in full below. There are several explicit references to Butler's theories in the New Variorum edition of the Sonnets; nevertheless, Butler's book is not so well known as it perhaps deserves to be. For example, Leslie Hotson, who came to almost the same conclusions as Butler regarding the dating and subject matter of Sonnet I07 and to the dating of the entire sequence,' claimed that in I947, almost fifty years after Butler's publication and three years after the New Variorum edition which cited Butler on sonnet i07, he was not aware of Butler's work.4 In his Preface, Butler says that his volume was inspired by his reading of two articles in the Fortnightly Review5 by William Archer and Sidney Lee. Archer identified the W. H. of Thorpe's dedication as William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. Lee (at that time) believed W. H. to be Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton. Butler felt that neither Archer nor Lee had made a case and

Shakespeare and the Earl of Southampton

Shakespeare and the Earl of Southampton

Shakespeare and The Earl of Southampton.

Shakespeare and The Earl of Southampton.

Raleigh, Hariot, and Atheism in Elizabethan and Early Stuart England

It has long been accepted as fact that Raleigh was an important figure in a coterie of maverick intellectuals, generally referred to as the School of Night. The assumptions are that this coterie was a structured group; that it concerned itself with iconoclastic attitudes toward religion and philosophy, politics, literature, and the sciences; and that the Raleigh coterie was in active opposition to a rival group, the members of which included the Earl of Essex, the Earl of Southampton, and William Shakespeare. However, two concerns need clarification to evaluate the evidence that Raleigh was a member of such a group: were the attacks on him as an atheist justified, and what were his attitudes toward intellectual pursuits ? It would then be most practical to ascertain on what evidence the School of Night theory is based, how it is presented and interpreted by twentieth century scholars, and whether or not earlier accounts of Raleigh ascribe to such theories, examining along the way what Raleigh's beliefs were as can be determined by his writings and what contemporary attitudes were toward Raleigh and his associates. It may then be possible to judge if there is justification for asserting that Raleigh was a leader--or even a member--of such a group, and indeed, if any such group is likely to have existed.In 1592, in answer to Elizabeth's proclamation against the Jesuits, Father Robert Parsons published his Responsio in which he deplored the notion that Raleigh might become a privy councilor and thus introduce an atheistic policy into England, through the agency of his conjurer, usually taken to be Thomas Hariot. An Advertisment, the English summary of the Responsio, repeated the charge but did not speculate on Raleigh's appointment to the Privy Council. “Of Sir Walter Raleigh's school of atheism by the way, and of the conjurer that is M[aster] thereof, and of the diligence used to get young gentlemen to this school, wherein both Moses and our Savior, the Old and New Testament are jested at, and the scholars taught among other things to spell God backward”.

Thomas Wriothesley, First Earl of Southampton

Thomas Wriothesley, First Earl of Southampton

The Layman's Complaint and the Friar's Answer

The two poems which I shall here transcribe and discuss have been often noticed but never printed. They appear as additions in a fifteenth century hand to a version of the late fourteenth century treatise Poor Caitiff, preserved in MS. St. John's College, Cambridge, G. 28 (195), itself of the fifteenth century. Besides our two poems, which appear on the front fly leaves, the margins contain numerous scribbles in one or more sixteenth century hands. The manuscript possesses marks of ownership by one John Graunge, who also owned another fifteenth century collection containing such Latin pieces as Expositio Symboli, Peter of Blois's De Amicitia Christiana, Speculum St. Eadmundi, and Decretum Abbreviatum, now preserved in the same library. The donor of our manuscript was Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, who gave it to the College in 1635.