Area Of E-government Research Articles

Determinants of E-government Technology Adoption for Government Employees in China: Based on the UTAUT3 Model

E-government technology (EGT) is the cornerstone of efficient government offices, which can streamline their work to enhance service quality for government employees. Thus, it is essential to examine the determinants of EGT implementation by government employees. Guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 3 model, this research explores critical determinants that affect EGT adoption. Results from questionnaires completed by 207 Chinese government employees indicated that EGT adoption intention is positively affected by facilitating conditions (FC), habit (HB) and personal innovativeness (PI). Moreover, it partially mediates the relationship between HB and EGT adoption behavior, as well as PI and EGT adoption behavior. EGT adoption behavior is significantly affected by HB and PI. Surprisingly, research found other factors not significant for EGT adoption intention. This research contributes to the theory in the area of e-government and provides valuable insights for government agencies, with theoretical and practical significance.

ADOPTION OF ICT: A NECESSARY STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY NIGERIA

The worldwide economic system is increasingly becoming dependent on the ICT system. This article discusses ways in which ICT contributes to several aspects of global sustainability in the areas of Egovernment, E-learning, and E-commerce. The design employed in the study was a descriptive survey. The study was conducted in Aba North local government area of Abia State, Nigeria. Primary data was used for this research work. A sample size of 150 respondents was randomly selected for the study, covering the education sector using the Education Management Board Staff; commerce and industry, using a staff of the ministry; and government/public sector using the Local Government Staff; with each sector having a selected 50 respondents. The instrument used was a 12- item questionnaire on the adoption of ICT as a strategy for sustainable development using E-government, Elearning, and E-commerce as explanatory variables of ICT Adoption. The data collected for the study were analyzed using the appropriate percentage and the responses of the respondents were subjected to a rating scale using their boundary percentages as a basis for their score/rating. The finding revealed that Egovernment enhances the operations of the government and facilitates the effective delivery of government programs’-Learning provides convenient and flexible access to learning; whereas Commerce changed the way goods and services are produced, delivered, sold, and purchased. ICT has led to an ever-growing number of people and businesses connected digitally. Most Nigerians could participate in the International markets from the comfort of their offices and rooms.ICT adoptions have the potential to promote sustainability, productivity, and economic growth through job creation. We, therefore, conclude that ICT Adoption is a veritable tool for sustainable national development in Nigeria. We recommend among others, that Government and other stakeholders should mobilize resources for equipping businesses, education, and governmental sectors with ICT infrastructure and should also embark on Multilevel skill building (capacity improvement).

National Strategy for the development of Artificial Intelligence In the context of the global digital economy

In the era of the digital economy, from the point of view of national economic development, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the next decade will be the main driver for the development of the national economy and will create unique advantages for countries in the global division of labor. Countries, including the US, China, Russia and others, are actively developing AI and applying it to e-government, corporate decision-making, industrial production and other areas. The development of AI significantly contributes to the process of digital transformation of governments and enterprises. Major countries in the world are publishing national AI development strategies to promote the digital transformation of society. This article compares AI development strategies in the US, EU, Russia, UK and China, and provides suggestions for optimizing national AI development strategies for developing countries in order to strengthen national cybersecurity and improve people's living standards.

Inteligentne rozwiązania w miastach w czasie pandemii - wybrane obszary, funkcje i zastosowania

Today's cities face many challenges, including those related to the aging of the population, climate change, or broadly understood public safety and health. Examples from many places around the world show that without access to modern technologies, cities, companies, and public institutions could not function, provide services or care for the safety of billions of people living in urban areas. That is especially vital in conditions of the threat to many people's health and life and shutdown of economies caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the article aims to present selected examples of smart solutions used in cities in the face of the challenges related to ensuring security. Their functionality in pandemic conditions is also described both at present and if the state of emergency continued for the following years. The study proved that the importance of smart solutions for contemporary cities' functioning is growing in the face of the threat to the residents' health and life caused by COVID-19. That mainly applies to tools in the area of e-government, e-education, and e-services in the healthcare sector, including applications for reporting and informing about clusters of virus infections.

Examining E-Government Enabling of E-Health Service Through the Lens of Structuration Theory

The concepts of e-government and e-health have usually been separately studied and sparsely implemented in many developing countries. In the few studies where both concepts are combined, the role of e-government is hardly examined in the implementation and practice of e-health. This article offers an exploratory analysis and provides insight on the factors that influence the complementarity of both concepts, with focus on the Africa continent. Existing literature in the areas of e-government and e-health were gathered and used as data, from a qualitative method viewpoint. Dimensions of change from the perspective of the structuration theory was employed as a lens to guide the data analysis, which was conducted by using the hermeneutic approach. From the analysis, the role of the e-government in the implementation and practice of e-health was found to manifest from six main factors, which are source, platforms, collaboration, transparency, heterogeneity, and privacy. Based on these factors, a model was developed, which is intended to guide professionals in their practices. Also, the study might be of interest to academics from theoretical standpoint.

E-Government in Croatia

The composite index summarizing relevant indicators of Europe's digital performance and tracking the progress of EU Member States in digital competitiveness in the Croatian case, still below the EU average, especially in the area of e-government. The aim of this article is twofold. First, we evaluate the difference between respondents 18 to 24 and 25 to 34 according to their attitudes towards the usage of offered e-government solutions. Second, we determine the presence of the obstacles in using e-government solutions among these two age groups. The utilization of e-government services is still rather low, and one, a very important reason for lower usage of e-government services in Croatia is the perceived low level of quality of the e-government services with the perceived high level of obstacles towards their usage.

International comparative evidence of e-government success and economic growth: technology adoption as an anti-corruption tool

Purpose This paper aims to explore the impact of information communication technology (ICT) use and government efficiency on the economic growth. It assesses empirically the impact of government success in ICT promotion and government efficiency to enhance economic growth and catalyzing corruption control through technology adoption. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines the relationship between ICT and economic growth in a large sample of 149 countries for the period 2012–2016. The empirical evidence is based on the generalized method of moments. Findings There is a significant relationship between e-government development, ICT development and institutional quality, and not ICT development and corruption. The empirical results show that a negative value of the interaction suggests that the impact of corruption on economic growth is smaller for countries with a higher level of technology adoption. Practical implications The differences in e-government success across countries in the world are influenced by the digital divide due to income and corruption control level. Originality/value The efficiency of technology adoption and promotion will ensure stronger effects of corruption control on economic growth. Relevant practical implications derive from the research that can guide public policy in the area of e-government.

Questioning the Real Citizen-Centricity of e-Government Development: Digitalization of G2C Services in Selected CEE Countries

Abstract This paper presents findings of a pilot research study that focused on a selected area of e-government – digitalization of core government services to citizens (G2C) in selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries – namely in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Romania. Taking into account the literature available to date, it is a first attempt of its kind, even if mainly a qualitative study. The findings clearly indicate that the level of digitalization of the administrative services for citizens is rather low. All three countries are roughly at the same level of electronic government development (with the Czech Republic slightly ahead), despite vastly different strategies and levels of centralization. This could change in the future, after the results of their respective national strategies become visible, and we are also interested in applying our method to other CEE countries, with the clear aim of refining it.

Politicization of e-voting rejection: reflections from Kazakhstan

Purpose Despite certain political, organizational, technological and socioeconomic benefits that e-voting brings, governments around the world are beginning one by one to denounce its further use in the electoral process. In this regard, the paper aims to analyze reasons that led to the discontinuation of e-voting, resorting to the case of Kazakhstan, a transitional post-soviet country, which actively used the technology in 2004-2011, as a poster child of the global trend, elaborating on key political, socioeconomic, organizational and technological risks that could be associated with the possible return of this innovation in future elections. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the combination of context and policy analysis, as well as focus groups studies and semi-structured interviews. The context analysis was aimed to understand various political and socioeconomic benefits in adopting e-voting in Kazakhstan. The policy analysis was useful in identifying implementation strategies of the government in promoting e-voting. The focus groups were helpful in understanding the perspectives of various audiences on e-voting. The semi-structured interviews were carried among independent developers in regard to the potential software products that could be used to propose new solutions in the area, including by experimenting with various blockchain platforms. Findings Analyzing the lessons from Kazakhstan, one can conclude that e-voting was introduced and used for several years by authorities in this country for certain economic and organizational benefits, but later they had to reject it and return to traditional paper ballot due to lack of confidence from the non-governmental sector in the capacity of public sector to ensure the integrity of e-voting procedures. As a result, building trust and applying innovative approaches should be a priority for policymakers in the area, if they wish to return to this technology, especially in adopting new presumably more reliable solutions based on blockchain technologies. Research limitations/implications The primary data that was collected by the author from field studies were indexed, refined and presented in a special matrix in a separate section, which were interpreted in the discussion session. These data could be used by other scholars for further interpretation and analysis in their own studies, setting new research agendas and testing hypotheses. This is a single case study research, which is focused on the analysis of reasons that led to the denunciation of e-voting in Kazakhstan, which results could be extrapolated mostly to similar transitional post-totalitarian settings. Practical implications The study can be used to inform ways of how to improve the current e-voting platforms, especially in ensuring better security and transparency of the systems, which could be useful for developers who work on blockchain-driven solutions. Social implications The results of the case study research and expert opinions expressed by various software developers in the e-government areas, which were presented in the paper, could be used by both an academic community and practitioners in understanding better a wide range of political, organizational, economic, social and technological drivers, risks and new opportunities in promoting e-voting technology as a trust generating social phenomenon. Originality/value The paper proposes the first case study of reasons that led to the discontinuation of e-voting in the context of such a typical transitional, post-totalitarian and post-soviet society as Kazakhstan, providing new insights into a wide range of political, regulatory, socioeconomic, organizational and technological aspects of related policy decision-making and implementation strategies adopted by public institutions in this country.

The effects of e-government evaluation, trust and the digital divide in the levels of e-government use in European countries

Despite the significant amounts of public investment devoted to enhancing e-government over the last ten years, citizens’ use of this service is still limited, posing a challenge to national governments. By analysing panel data derived from 27 European countries for the period 2010 to 2018, our work confirms that citizens’ use of e-government services is influenced by supply-side e-government evaluations, citizens’ trust in governments and the digital divide associated to income and education. Moreover, a longitudinal cluster analysis allows us to identify patterns of behaviour between the countries as regards the way those variables interact with the use of e-government services over time. Relevant practical implications derive from the research that can guide public policy in the area of e-government.

Public value of e-government services through emerging technologies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that generate public value in e-government services through emerging technologies and to answer the following question: Which are the factors that generate public value, in the e-government services, through emerging technologies? Design/methodology/approach Based on a multivariate linear regression model, the author tests the public value of e-government services through emerging technologies in the metropolitan area of the Toluca Valley. Five factors are evaluated to understand public value: anti-corruption strategies, access to public information, transparency platforms, social media and service kiosks. Findings Smart strategies and technologies must be guided by the generation of public value through anti-corruption strategies, open data, access to information and data privacy. The efforts of governments should focus on avoiding corruption, making government transparent, opening data and correct handling of information privacy. Technology is an important mechanism to boost public value generation. Research limitations/implications Mexico is a developing country, and there are very few emerging technologies implemented in e-Government. Practical implications The results are important to identify good practices for the generation of public value in the e-Government area. Originality/value The study of emerging technologies is a new area in government, and this paper studies the generation of public value through emerging technologies in a developing country.

EGovernment Adoption Determinants From Citizens' Perspective

The lack of adoption of eGovernment by citizens has been cited to be one of the reasons for failures of most eGovernment initiatives. A systematic literature review was conducted to shade light on the current status of the research in this area with a focus on the research goals, research design, research strategies, scientific theories used and research methods. Major databases indexing reputable journals in information systems and e-government area were searched by using keywords to collect relevant articles for analysis. A total of 19 articles were identified which indicated that empirical studies with survey as research strategy and questionnaires as a data collection method dominates the publications list while the use of case studies as research strategy was found to be scarce. The review has also highlighted several limitations related to the choice of research methods and its implication on furthering the understanding of the research on this topic.

Features of the Organization to Strategic Management of Information and Telecommunications

Information and telecommunication services now exist in all sectors of the economy and are characterized by the intensive introduction of new technologies in the social life of a person. Its development and advancement has long gained unprecedented importance for the leaders of media industries and for higher standing bodies engaged in leadership in the areas of communication, information and e-government. Issues of strategic management are of particular importance due to the fact that a significant role is attached to strategic planning and forecasting on the board. In the theory of mass communications, public relations, strategic issues need a deeper understanding in connection with the needs of modern practice. Information services are featured by the same problems as for any other developing industry: there is no clear regulatory framework governing relations between all market participants, there is heterogeneity in the dynamics of the development of telecommunications services in the regions, and a relatively low level of quality management of services produced by the media. The urgency of the problem being developed is also related to the degree of its development. Analysis of the literature on the topic of dissertational work shows that various aspects of strategic management were in the field of view of domestic and foreign scientists. Thus, the relevance of the presented research is due to the lack of effective methods for managing the information services market and the lack of coverage in the literature of mechanisms for optimizing the management of the activities of regional media.

Adoption of e-Government Services

Electronic tax (e-Tax) filing is an emerging area of e-government. Many developed countries today have initiated tax e-filing. However, such a service is yet to establish itself as an integrated system, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. Since it has the potential to improve the overall process of tax filing, it is important to understand the factors that can influence taxpayers' acceptance and use of e-Tax filing systems. This research thus proposes a model to identify such adoption factors in the context of Bangladesh. Findings claim that facilitating conditions, trust, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, along with individual innovativeness plays an important role in capturing taxpayers' overall perceptions of e-Tax filing services. Results overall indicate that individual taxpayers may be fairly pragmatic in developing general attitudes towards using such system in Bangladesh. Limitations and implications for practice and research are also discussed for better planning and implementation of similar e-government services.

Privacy policies and practices in Portuguese local e-government

This paper contributes to the knowledge body by establishing the current situation in terms of need, adoption and advertising of privacy policies in the websites of Portuguese local authorities, and by collecting evidence of its compliance with privacy practices. Websites of all the 308 Portuguese municipalities were surveyed for the presence of privacy policies, the usage of tracking cookies and measures taken to secure user credentials. A conceptual analysis was performed on privacy policies to categorise their content. Results were compared with other international studies. It was found that only 26% of the municipalities provide privacy policy statements and many of those exhibit significant gaps considering the information that can be expected in such documents. Furthermore, evidence of non-compliance with the advertised privacy policies and the legislation was also collected. The presented conclusions are useful for both academics and practitioners in the areas of e-government, privacy assurance and local government.

Understanding and predicting the quality determinants of e-government services

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the quality determinants influencing the adoption of e-government services in Oman and compare the performance of multiple regression and neural network models in identifying the significant factors influencing adoption in Oman.Design/methodology/approach– Primary data concerning service quality determinants and demographic variables were collected using a structured questionnaire survey. The variables selected in the design of the questionnaire were based on an extensive literature review. Factor analysis, multiple linear regression and neural network models were employed to analyze data.Findings– The study found that quality determinants: responsiveness, security, efficiency and reliability are statistically significant predictors of adoption. The neural network model performed better than the regression model in the prediction of e-government services’ adoption and was able to characterize the non-linear relationship of the aforementioned predictors with the adoption of e-government services. Further, the neural network model was able to identify demographic variables as significant predictors.Practical implications– This study highlights the importance of service quality in the adoption of e-government services and suggests that an enhanced focus and investment on improving quality of the design and delivery of e-government services can have a positive impact on the usage of the services, thereby enabling the Oman Government in achieving the governance objectives for which these technologies were employed.Originality/value– Studies in the area of e-government typically focus either on technology adoption problems or service quality problems. The role of service quality in adoption is rarely addressed. The research presented in this paper is of great value to the institutions that are involved in the development of technology-based e-government services in Oman.

Strategies for community focused postal service development

To maintain its relevance, the postal system must look at ways to innovate and optimize. It must optimize its use of resources and delivery of current services. It must employ innovation to develop new opportunities and services. The key will be to leverage its infrastructure and build on its strong community linkage, while taking advantages of emerging trends in information and communication technology. This study uses information gathered from the postal systems in Africa and other less developed settings. It also draws on postal expansion options identified by the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in the areas of e-post, e-commerce, e-government and e-finance, as a basis for a framework orientated to community service in southern Africa. This framework is designed to facilitate the development of a more effective postal research strategy that is well integrated into the overall business strategy of the post office, building on existing services and incorporating new e-postal services. This overall process should encourage regional and continental integration of postal services and foster citizen and community empowerment.

Egovernment: Transforming Government Engagement in the European Union

eGovernment is not just a government service on the Internet. The strategic nature of the service relies on the objective of simplifying communication between all parties of the society: government, citizens and business. The use of ICTs can help to connect all three parties and facilitate processes and activities that support their connectivity. Therefore, eGovernment encourages good governance. However, with the nature of ICTs constantly changing, the subsequent economic and societal impact in Europe is diversified. Continued technological progress has led to a societal acceptance of the new technologies, amount to a step-change in what ICT can achieve. Rapid technological developments have altered the level of government engagement within the society. Our point of interest, European societies, has demonstrated diversified levels of government and citizen engagement. For some EU countries’ citizens, interaction with the government through online facilities is not a novelty. However, to achieve the same level of efficiency and flexibility for all the EU member-countries is going to be challenging. The experience from the eGovernment services in the European Union shows that the willingness to decentralize procedures and mainly responsibility, and upgrade the role of electronic means, can strengthen governance. Our case study from Europe 2020 will showcase the dynamic shift of political direction towards flexible public services. The diversity of eGovernment implications in the European Union remains exceptionally interesting. This article is going to examine the political issues related to governance in the European Union, from the perspective of democratic governance. Additionally, it will observe how far the European countries have been successful in implementing the EU’s action plan. The article tries to identify the current status and the progression achieved so far in EU, with regards to the eGovernment area. Specific reference is being made to the open government approach, attempting to identify the level of political creativity originated in the Europe 2020 Initiative. The article argues that there are diverse speeds and levels of policy adaptation within the EU. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s2p173

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CLOUD DATABASE FRAMEWORK FOR E-GOVERNANCE STRATEGIES IN UTTARAKHAND USING JAVA APPLICATION

In this paper we have to discussion with the ever-increasing complexity of public organization, the use of Information and communication Technology has to become central services for effective governance and electronic Governance is an emerging trend which can re-invent the way the Government works. But experience has shown in India that the success of initiatives depends on the political will and commitment of bureaucracy. The new possibilities offered by ICT in the area of e-government just like online services for communication, superior transparency, civil society participation, e-trade facilitation are to be closely looked at in this context for better services. By focusing on activities that generate noteworthy savings of public sharable resources, governments have been able to broaden their legitimacy base for e-government interventions, while strengthening the principles of democratic governance through enhanced interactivity and engagement with citizen and civil society. In Government decision makers in Uttarakhand were found that to be prone to planning, which prevents them from anticipating the long-term potential of e-Governance. Ultimately, this research delivered a proposed framework for adoption, detailing causes, effects of the critical factors and recommendations for the adoption and diffusion of e-initiatives in Uttarakhand.

Identifying and quantifying the indirect benefits of broadband networks for e-government and e-business: A bottom-up approach

Recent developments of broadband infrastructure deployment and service development have shown the variety of applications it can entail, thereby affecting many, if not all, sectors of the economy and society. Despite an increasing growth of broadband networks combined with a rising number of studies calculating in great detail the direct costs and benefits of these deployments, less attention has been paid to the indirect effects resulting from those emerging applications. As these effects have proven to contribute to economic growth, this paper argues that that they should be taken into account when evaluating a cost-benefit analysis and proposes a model for conceptualization, measurement and quantification. It studies these indirect benefits in the area of e-government (related in particular to savings on travel and waiting time by introducing an e-counter) and e-business (related to reducing traffic jams by allowing employees to work at home). In a bottom up manner, the paper quantifies the indirect benefits in these two sectors by studying two cities: Ghent (Belgium) and Eindhoven (the Netherlands). By quantifying these benefits per actor, the paper shows that the indirect benefits would provide large business and local authorities additional incentives to stimulate investment in broadband networks. The model and results of the paper could be used by decision-makers to improve the business case for new investments in fibre networks and allows evaluating existing and future investment cases.