Development Of E-government Applications Research Articles

A REVIEW ON LOCAL AND NATIONAL E-GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT MODELS AND ITS DETERMINANTS

Ülkeler arasında yerel düzeyde e-devlet ’in benimsenmesi ve geliştirilmesi hususunda belirgin farklılıkların oluşmaktadır. Söz konusu farklılıklar üzerinde ise ulusal düzeyde e-devlet gelişmişlik düzeyi başta olmak üzere çeşitli sosyoekonomik, politik ve demografik unsurlar etkili olmaktadır. Ancak yapılan çalışmaların belirleyici bir unsur olarak özellikle ulusal düzeyde e-devlet gelişmişlik düzeyinin yereldeki gelişimleri etkileme düzeylerini yeterli ölçüde açıklamadığı gözlenmektedir. Fakat demografik, politik, yönetsel, mali ve teknik kapasite gibi yerel e-devletin gelişimi üzerinde etkili olan etmenler doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak ulusal düzeyde kamusal mal ve hizmet sunumunu gerçekleştiren kamu kurumları, özel sektör ve sivil toplumun e-devleti benimseme ve geliştirme düzeyi ile bağlantıldır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın temel amacı farklı boyutları (e-bilgi, e-servis ve e-katılım gibi) itibariyle ulusal e-devlet gelişim düzeyinin yerel dijital değişim ile ilişki boyutu ve etki düzeyini incelemektir. Bu amaçla çalışmada Birleşmiş Milletler E-Devlet Gelişim Anketi (2020) kapsamında açıklanan bilimsel veriler çerçevesinde karşılaştırmalı ülke örnekleri üzerinden ulusal ve yerel e-devlet gelişim düzeyleri mukayese edilerek, yerel e-devlet gelişim üzerinde merkezi düzeydeki gelişmişliğin anlamlı bir farklılaşmaya sebep olup olmadığı sorgulanmaktadır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için Sıralı (ordinal) Regresyon Analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen sonuç ise e-katılım ve çevrim içi hizmetlerden ziyade ulusal telekominasyon alt yapısının ve beşeri sermayenin yerel e-devletinde temel belirleyicisi olduğudur.

Research Foci, Methodologies, and Theories Used in Addressing E-Government Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities in Developing Countries

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the key research foci, methodologies, and theoretical perspectives adopted by researchers when studying E-government accessibility for persons with disabilities (PWDs), particularly in developing countries. The study aims to develop a conceptual framework for designing accessible E-government for PWDs in developing countries. Background: Studies on E-government accessibility for persons with disabilities in developing countries have been minimal. The few studies conducted until now have failed to integrate PWDs, a population already marginalized, into the digital society. Accessibility has been identified by researchers as a major hindrance to PWDs participating in E-government. It is imperative therefore to examine the manner in which researchers investigate and acquire knowledge about this phenomenon. Methodology : The study synthesizes literature from top IS journals following a systematic literature review approach. The data synthesis focuses on identifying key concepts relating to E-government accessibility for PWDs. Contribution: The study contributes to the field of E-government, with a focus on how E-government services can be made accessible to PWDs. The study calls on researchers to reflect on their epistemological and ontological paradigms when examining accessibility of E-government services in developing countries. Findings: The findings show that most researchers focus on the evaluation of E-government websites and predominantly adopt quantitative methods. The study also reveals that the use of technological determinism as a theoretical lens is high among researchers. Recommendations for Practitioners : The study recommends that E-government web developers and policy makers involve PWDs from design to evaluation in the development of E-government applications. Recommendation for Researchers: The study advocates the need to conduct studies on E-government accessibility by employing more qualitative and mixed approaches to gain in-depth and better understanding of the phenomenon. Impact on Society : This study creates greater awareness and points out inadequacies that society needs to address to make E-government more inclusive of and participatory for PWDs. Future Research: Further empirical work is required in order to refine the relevance and applicability of various constructs in EADM so as to arrive at a framework for addressing E-government accessibility for PWDs in developing countries.

Towards a new work practice in the development of e-government applications

This paper proposes a novel approach to the development of e–government applications for citizens and public administration employees. The approach has been derived by following a methodology based on participatory action research and design science. The general goal is favouring an organisation change internally to government agencies, among different agencies, and between citizens and public administration. Therefore, the paper delineates how the current work practice for e–government service development could be improved, by proposing a set of methods and tools that foster the active participation of civil servants. To show how the new work practice could take place, the creation of an example service is discussed. Positive feedbacks from real users suggest that the approach represents a promising research direction in the e–government domain.

Towards Developing Successful E-Government Websites

Quality is a key factor to ensuring success of e-government websites. Therefore, a definition for high-quality e-government website is required, as well as, an e-government system’s quality evaluation methodology. This paper identifies quality attributes that are required to assess the quality of an e-government website, which should be considered by developers during the development of e-government applications. The primary goals are identifying, qualifying, categorizing, and ranking these factors, and then defining the interrelations among these quality factors.

The Role of End User in E-Government Application Development

This paper describes a new conceptual approach of e-government application development in which end users such as government managers, responsible officials and citizens at different levels can engage in effective service delivery, particularly in the agricultural sector. This approach provides end-user specific customizable provisions in which responsible government officials can design public services for the target end-user groups/local citizens such as primary producers. In the G2C (Government to Citizen) dimension, the author focuses on a hypothetical case of an e-government solution that provides various agricultural extension services such as training, awareness, consultation services, and knowledge sharing services provision, according to individual or farming requirements. This initiative reinforces a shift from the traditional information portal process to a new provision where citizens/primary producers can actively contribute in designing their useful services from the relevant government agencies. This paper presents a generic process model and identifies the critical interplaying roles between the end-user groups. The study argues that the process model may be operationalized in various other government service sectors.

Symbiotic Aspects in e-Government Application Development

For e-Government applications, the symbiotic aspect must be taken into account at three stages: at design time in order to integrate the end-user, at delivery time when civil servants have to discover and interact with new services, at run time when ambient intelligence could help the interaction of citizens with specific services. In this article, we focus on the first two steps. We show how interoperability issues must concern application designers. We also present how semantics can help civil servants when they have to deal with e-government service frameworks. We then describe an actual application developed during the European Terregov project where semantics is the key point for simplifying the role of citizens when requesting for health care services.

E-government application development using the Six Sigma approach

For an e-government system to be successful, high quality application-software that supports the e-government services is a critical factor. One key aspect in the software development is quality control implemented during the process of the software development project. However, little research has been published to examine how to improve the quality of e-government applications using better process management. In this paper, we present a framework for integrating the Six Sigma methods and tools into the e-government application development process. The proposed framework associates Six Sigma's define-measure-analyse-design-verify (DMADV) procedure and associated tools to various phases of the software development life cycle.

Analyzing Processes for E-Government Application Development

Abstract E-government developers need to clearly understand processes they are automating and ensure that automated processes are defect-free. This paper introduces readers to Process Definition Language (PDL) technology that provides rigor and precision over traditional forms of process documentation. We report our experience documenting license renewal processes for application in the Mass.gov portal. The PDL helped analysts identify inconsistencies and errors in natural language-based documents that were guiding system development. This case provides an initial demonstration of the benefits PDLs can bring to e-government application development. We conclude with a discussion of the current limitations of PDLs and a discussion of computer-based analysis approaches that will likely emerge in the future.