Dyslipidemia In Diabetic Patients Research Articles

Evaluation of Lipid Profile Modulation by Berberis asiatica, Withania somnifera, and Their Synergy in Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Rats.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, leading to complications such as dyslipidemia, which increases cardiovascular risks. Current treatments for dyslipidemia often have undesirable side effects. This study aims to evaluate the effects ofBerberis asiatica(BA),Withania somnifera(WS), and their combination in the ratio of 1:1 on the lipid profile in T2DM-induced Wistar rats. Additionally, the study investigates the potential synergistic effects of these two herbs. Materials and methods Mature albino Wistar rats of both sexes were employed, weighing 150-250 g. Rats were obtained from the Central Animal House of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences and kept under standard laboratory conditions. The study was conducted per theguidelines setby the Committee for Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CCSEA). T2DM was induced using streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NIC). Thirteen groups of rats were formed, including normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), and various treatment groups received varying dosages of BA, WS, their polyherbal combination (PHC), and the conventional medications metformin (MET) and glimepiride (GLI). Lipid profiles were measured, and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test. Results The study revealed that both BA and WS showed statistically significant lipid-lowering effects in diabetic rats. The BA-treated groups displayed a statistically significant and considerable decrease in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared to the DC group. Similarly, WS-treated groups also showed statistically significant reduced levels of TC and LDL, along with an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The PHCof BA and WS exhibited enhanced lipid-lowering effects compared to individual treatments. No significant differences in triglyceride (TG) levels were observed among the treatment groups. Conclusion BA and WS, individually and in combination,effectively modulate lipid profiles in T2DM rats. Their synergistic effects provide a promising alternative for managing dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Further research is needed to determine the clinical consequences of these findings.

The Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists on the Lipid Profile of Diabetic Patients Using Statins: A Retrospective Cohort Study in the Diabetic Center of King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Saudi Arabia.

Background Dyslipidemia is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, including Saudi Arabia. Injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are recent therapies found to be effective in treating dyslipidemia in diabetic patients by acting similarly to the body's internal glucagon peptide hormone, regulating blood sugar levels and reducing triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Aim of the study This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the effect of GLP-1RA on the lipid profile of dyslipidemia diabetic patients who were not controlled using statins. Methods Data were collected from the medical records of male and female diabetic patients with dyslipidemia (uncontrolled by statins) who were administered to the diabetic center of King Salman Bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and received GLP-1RA (dulaglutide) from June 2023 to August 2023. The primary endpoint was the change in triglycerides and LDL-C levels after three months of using dulaglutide, and the secondary endpoints included the change in body weight, BMI, and HbA1c%. Descriptive analysis was conducted to present numerical and categorical data. The Wilcoxon signed-ranktest was used to compare numerical data before and after using dulaglutide. Ethical considerations were taken into account by ensuring anonymous data collection and obtaining IRB approval before data collection. Results The study included 102 patients with a median (interquartile range (IQR)) age of 59 (14) years. Females constituted 55.2% of the population. Obesity (96.1%), hypertension (71.6%), and retinopathy (13.7%) were the most commonly reported comorbidities. The study showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, HbA1c, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum LDL-C, and triglyceride concentrations after three months of using dulaglutide (p<0.001). Conclusion Our study results confirm the positive effect of the GLP-1RA (dulaglutide) on the lipid profile of diabetic patients with dyslipidemia uncontrolled by statins.

Exogenous Thyroxine Normalizes Decreased Heart Rate in Insulin Resistant OLETF Rats

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as heart failure in the absence of overt clinical coronary artery disease, valvular disease, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Patients with T2DM display left ventricular dysfunction, fibrosis, and abnormal cell signaling leading to diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Increased left ventricular mass and fibrosis potentially leads to abnormal diastolic function. Substantial data exists demonstrating both insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetes impairs left ventricular function. During insulin resistance, a metabolic shift occurs favoring fatty acid metabolism at the expense of impaired glucose metabolism, leading to lipotoxicity, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation. Thyroid hormones have shown to be cardioprotective. We have previously shown exogenous thyroxine treatment increased GLUT4 translocation and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in cardiac tissue, demonstrating the potential to improve glucose metabolism and increase antioxidant defense mechanisms. Insulin resistant, Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were used to assess the effects of exogenous thyroxine (T4) on left ventricular cardiac function and hemodynamics to assess if the previously observed improvements in cellular metabolism translated to functional improvements. Rats were assigned to three groups: (1) lean, Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO; n=7), (2) untreated OLETF (n=6), and (3) OLETF + T4 (8 μg/100g BM/d × 6 wks, n=7). Left ventricular function was measured by the pressure-volume system. Heart mass increased in untreated OLETF (1.46 ± 0.08) and treated OLETF (1.61 ± 0.16) compared to LETO (1.19 ± 0.08). Cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume were 26% and 56% greater in untreated OLETF compared to LETO. Heart rate (HR) was 27% lesser in untreated OLETF compared to LETO. While exogenous T4 did not alter CO and SV compared to untreated OLETF, it did normalize HR to LETO levels. The differences in CO between LETO and OLETF suggest that elevated T4 alters the mechanisms (SV vs HR) by which CO is elevated during MetS. The changes may be compensatory to accommodate the cardiac hypertrophy observed in the strain. American Heart Association Award # 946746 APS Porter Physiology Development Fellow (2nd year). This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Linking elevated HbA1c with atherogenic lipid profile among high risk cardiovascular patients at Qassim, Saudi Arabia.

The relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and an atherogenic lipid profile which is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease is of interest. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 83 participants aged between 14 and 77 years. Their venous blood was drawn to determine the HbA1c and fasting lipid profile including total cholesterol triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) non-HDL cholesterol and the LDL/HDL ratio were also calculated. The correlations between HbA1c levels and these lipid profile parameters were analyzed. The study showed a significant correlation between HbA1c and LDL-C non-HDL-C and the LDL/HDL ratio. Although there was no significant difference in total cholesterol levels among all groups the levels of total cholesterol and HbA1c were positively correlated. HDL-C exhibited direct correlations with HbA1c there was no correlation between HbA1c and clinical characteristics except for age. Data shows that HbA1c can be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients there is a significant correlation between HbA1c and an atherogenic lipid profile which highlights the importance of glycemic control in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Dyslipidemia and reduced retinal layer thicknesses in mild to moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the changes in ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness and its association with peripheral blood indices in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). In this cross-sectional study, 132 participants were categorized into three groups: 30 healthy volunteers (control group), 50 diabetic patients with non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR group), and 52 patients with NPDR. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and GCL-IPL thicknesses in the macula. The associations between RNFL loss and systemic risk factors for DR, such as diabetes duration, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were evaluated. The average, superior, and nasal thicknesses in the NDR and NPDR groups were significantly thinner compared to the control group (P=0.002, 0.020, 0.090, respectively). Similarly, GCL-IPL thicknesses in the 3 mm and 6 mm zones of the NDR and NPDR groups were thinner than those in the control group (P=0.040, 0.022, 0.037, respectively). Temporal thicknesses in the 3 mm range of the NDR and NPDR groups were also thinner than in the control group (P=0.010). Superior RNFL thickness was positively correlated with HbA1c (r=0.200, P=0.044), and negatively correlated with HDL (r=-0.198, P=0.047). The average inferior and nasal GCL-IPL thicknesses were negatively correlated with TC across the 3 mm zone (r=-0.211, P=0.033; r=-0.224, P=0.023; r=-0.227, P=0.022). Additionally, the average thickness of GCL-IPL in the 6-mm range were positively correlated with the duration of diabetes (r=0.196, P=0.048). This study demonstrates that dyslipidemia in diabetic patients correlates with reductions in RNFL and GCL-IPL thicknesses, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

Dyslipidemia poses a significant risk of many complications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Article Review.

Abstract: The most prevalent chronic illnesses to be identified and treated collectively are dyslipidemias. They are typically identified by triglycerides serum, cholesterol, or both, Atypical levels of related lipoprotein species, including high of very low density lipoproteins VLDL, low HDL cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol, and a predominance of small dense LDL particles, are also present. are all signs of diabetic dyslipidemia. Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) alone may result in dyslipidemia due to disruption of lipids metabolism. Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance may exacerbate dyslipidemia in diabetic patients with CKD. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus bear a disproportionately high burden of cardiovascular disease , the primary global origin of morbidity and mortality, with the proportion of CVD attributed to diabetes rising in the general population . A significant microvascular consequence of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR). among developed countries, it is the most frequent cause of blindness among people of working age. The most prevalent neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, has a variety of clinical symptoms connected with it. After the age of 50, it typically occurs, and people with long-term diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience it. However, macrovascular pathogenesis is also involved. It begins with microvascular damage to the tiny blood arteries that nourish the nerves. The aim of writing this article is that the imbalance of fats and their high concentrations in the human body of a patient with type 2 diabetes generates many complications, which over time are dangerous complications that threaten the life of a diabetic patient and lead to his death if these complications are not controlled because the high levels of sugar and fat in the human body It plays an important role in the development of the patient's condition.

Association of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio with lipid abnormalities and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

While proteinuria aggravates dyslipidemia in diabetic patients, dyslipidemia further worsens proteinuria via inflammatory cytokines-mediated glomerular damage. Urinary albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) is an easy and reliable method of detecting proteinuria. This study aims to determine the association of ACR with lipid abnormalities and glycemic control in the Nepalese population. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 201 diabetes patients visiting the outpatient department of internal medicine. Based on ACR values, patients were categorized as nonalbuminuric (less than 300μg/mg) or albuminuric (more than 300μg/mg). An unpaired t-test was used to compare the mean of various lipoproteins in these two categories. Binary logistic regression was used to check the association of ACR with sociodemographic factors (age, sex, and education), hypertension, and glycated hemoglobin. Albuminuric patients had higher mean cholesterol (192.8±53.5 vs. 184.2± 37.6; P=0.209), triglyceride (194.9±97.8 vs. 164.4±73.7; P=0.017) and low-density lipoprotein (99.9±38.4 vs. 90.0±27.4; P=0.034) but lower high-density lipoprotein (53.9±18.5 vs. 61.3±19.9; P=0.008) compared to nonalbuminuric patients. There was a significant difference in mean HbA1c values across albuminuria and nonalbuminuria groups (7.1±1.1 vs. 6.7±0.8; OR: 1.4, 95% CI=1.1-1.9, P=0.030). Urine ACR of more than 30mg/gram was associated with higher triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels and lower high-density lipoprotein levels. The HbA1c level strongly correlates with the development of albuminuria.

Prevalence of dyslipidaemia among diabetic patients at the Namibia Institute of Pathology, Windhoek

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as one of the deadly disorders of current times. Diabetes is associated with abnormalities in blood lipids and lipoprotein levels commonly referred to as dyslipidaemia. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in diabetic patients in Windhoek, Namibia. The inherent danger and attendant paucity of information concerning the condition in the community motivated the study. MethodsThis was a retrospective study using state diabetic patient records at the Namibia Institute of Pathology (NIP) for the period between January 2016 and December 2018. Only patients with available records of Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profiles and aged above 18 years were considered. A total of 4,332 (1800 diabetic and 2532 non-diabetic control) cases were eventually reviewed and data was reported under 8 different age groups namely; 18–25, 26–30, 31–35, 36–40, 41–55, 56–60, 61–65 and above 65 years. 58.7% of participants were female while male participants constitute 41.3%. ResultsThe study revealed a prevalence of dyslipidaemia among diabetic patients with the older patients and females patients being more prone to the anomaly. Additionally, there is a strong correlation between abnormalities in lipid profile components and blood levels of glycosylated hemoglobin of diabetic patients in Windhoek. The age, gender and diabetes status of participants were statistically significant predictors for dyslipidaemia (P-values ˂ 0.05) and the odds for dyslipidaemia in diabetic patients is 1.51 times higher than the odds in non-diabetic control participant. ConclusionsIt was concluded from the findings of this study that diabetic patients in Windhoek, especially the female and elderly ones have a high risk of developing dyslipidaemia. Improved awareness of this finding among health providers may be instrumental in improving the management of diabetes mellitus.

Utilization of Hypolipidemic Drugs, Patterns, and Factors Affecting Dyslipidemia Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India.

Background The prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypolipidemic drugs like statins are effective for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events. Most of the patients with type 2 diabetes have a mixed type of dyslipidemia. This study aimed to evaluate the utilization of hypolipidemic drugs, patterns, and factors affecting dyslipidemia in T2DM participants. Methods This cross-sectional observational study was approved by the institutional ethics committee (IEC) of the Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center. It was conducted for a period of one year from July 2021 to June 2022. Participants with T2DM visiting the Department of General Medicine and Endocrinology were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Demographic details, medication history, and laboratory data were recorded in case report form and statistical measures were applied. Results Out of 237 participants enrolled in the study,the predominance (n=133, 56%) was males. The mean age of the study population was 47.92±9.17 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 6.8±5.3 years. Out of the total participants, 164 (69%) had deranged lipid profiles. Out of them, 129 (78.65%) were on hypolipidemic drugs. Regarding drug utilization, 122 (94.6%) received statins either rosuvastatin (54%) or atorvastatin (40%). In the deranged lipid profilespattern, 24% (58) participants had oneabnormal lipid parameter and the majority 70% (166) had combined lipid profile abnormality. Factors like increased BMI were significantly associated with dyslipidemia(p=0.004). Utilization of hypolipidemic drugs was also significantly associated with the control of dyslipidemia (p<0.001). It was observed that participants who were not on lipid-lowering drugs had 5.38 times more chance ofdyslipidemia (OR=5.38; CI=2.82-10.28; p<0.001). Conclusion A high prevalence of dyslipidemia was observed among diabetic patients. Statins were the most prescribed drug in the study.BMI and lack of pharmacotherapy were found to have a statistically significant association with dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.

A Comparison of Lipid Profile in Ischemic Stroke Patiens with Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Diabetes Mellitus at Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ciamis 2020

Diabetes mellitus causes lipid profile abnormalities, resulting in dyslipidemia in diabetic patients leading to ischemic stroke. This research aims to contrast lipid profiles in ischemic stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-T2DM) to prevent stroke recurrence, treat dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus, and evaluate for treatment of T2DM and non-T2DM ischemic stroke patients. A cross-sectional design was conducted at RSUD Ciamis using secondary medical record data in 2020. The data was collected using a nonprobability sampling approach, with the sampling extent determined by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Univariate analysis was used to determine the quantity and calculation. Besides, an independent t-test and chi-square test was utilized to test two hypotheses in bivariate analysis. Multifaceted analysis in age, gender, hypertension, and coronary heart disease was incorporated to observe its influence on T2DM and non-T2DM ischemic stroke patients. By using four lipid profile indicators, the differences were only in the triglyceride. While the total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were insignificant. Meanwhile, hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) significantly affect the incidence of ischemic stroke.

Comparison of cardiovascular prognosis between triglyceride variability and exposure estimate in diabetic patients

Background and Aims : Serum triglyceride levels are an important lipid profile for dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Recently, visit-to-visit variability of lipid profile has been suggested as a residual risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study compared the impact on cardiovascular prognosis between the visit-to-visit variability and the cumulative exposure estimates of serum triglyceride in diabetic patients.

Management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients: The situation in primary health care units

IntroductionCardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Control of its risk factors, particularly diabetes and dyslipidemia, through reduction of LDL cholesterol, is crucial to reduce cardiovascular risk. This work aims to assess and improve the medical approach to dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. MethodsThis is a quality improvement study aimed at family doctors. It included patients with diabetics and dyslipidemia enrolled in the primary health care units of Além D’Ouro, S. Miguel and Oceanos. A quality standard was defined for each of the criteria assessed, and the results were compared using the chi-square test with p-value<0.05. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010® and IBM SPSS®. ResultsComparing the first and second assessments, 14.6% vs. 22.2% (p=0.016) of the patients, respectively, achieved the LDL cholesterol target level of <70 mg/dl. Of those who did not meet the target level, 11.0% vs. 13.6% (p=0.395) had their pharmacological therapy changed and 4.6% vs. 3.3% (p=0.448) had their lipid profile reassessed within three months. ConclusionsControl of dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes continues to be a major factor in the health of these patients, but it is carried out in an unsatisfactory way in the three health units studied. It is essential to increase the literacy of family doctors and to encourage the search for the best possible lipid control, in order to reduce cardiovascular risk, as well as to raise awareness among patients to increase adherence to therapy.

Management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients: More than atheroma – The key things to understand in order to avoid a bittersweet taste

Management of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients: More than atheroma – The key things to understand in order to avoid a bittersweet taste

Correlation between Coronary Artery Diseases and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a significant association with diabetes mellitus. There are numerous studies showing that decreasing cholesterol is effective in improving cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to identify the correlation between coronary artery diseases (CADs) and dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Patients and methods: In the Cardiology Department of Zagazig University Hospitals we conducted this case-control study. 140 patients with type 2 DM were divided into two groups: Group 1 included 70 people with type 2 diabetes who had CADs and group 2 that included 70 patients with type 2 DM who had no signs of CADs (admitted complaining of symptoms of angina or CA showing no significant stenotic lesions). Angiographic examination and fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were performed for all patients. Moreover, comprehensive history was taken, cardiovascular risk profiles and laboratory investigations such as glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were done. Results: CAD group were significantly higher regarding BMI as it was distributed as 28.77 ± 2.3 and 30.04 ± 3.03 between No-CAD and CAD respectively. There was no significant difference or association between smoking or hypertension and CAD. SBP and DBP were significantly higher among CAD. Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were significantly higher among CAD group than in No-CAD group. CAD group showed significantly higher TG and LDL-c distribution than No-CAD group. Conclusion: Increased triglycerides and decreased HDL levels were associated with CVD among diabetic patients.

Adverse Effects of HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor and Garlic on Renal Function in Patients with Diabetic Dyslipidemia

Objectives: To analyze the adverse effects of HMG CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) and garlic (Allium sativum) on renal function in diabetic dyslipidemic patients.Methods: This clinical trial was conducted at Surgeon Munawar Memorial Hospital, Karachi from 1st March 2019 to 30th August 2019. Total of 60 patients of 30-70 years of age with abnormal lipid profile were enrolled for this study after a written consent. The study was conducted to assess the side effects of statin (20 mg/day) and garlic (300 mg/day) in diabetic dyslipidemia patients. The study period consisted of six months. Blood pressure, body weight and height of subjects were assessed. The patient answered the questionnaire on health complaints, smoking, social role, drug usage, family history and dietary pattern. The initial inclusion criteria of the patient were 1) Age between 30-70 years old of either sex, 2) Patients with diabetic dyslipidemia. The exclusion criteria were 1) Pregnancy or lactation, 2) Patients with liver diseases, 3) Patients with renal diseases. Detailed medical history and physical examination of all patients were carried out.Results: This study included 60 patients with an abnormal lipid profile of age 30-70 years. Internationalstatin product (20 mg/day) and local garlic product (300 mg/day) for 08 weeks were used for oral administration in patients. Urea and creatinine levels in the serum of diabetic dyslipidemic patients were measured before and after treatment with an international statin (20 mg/day) and a local garlic product (300 mg/day).&#x0D; Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, statins increase the serum level of urea and creatinine while garlic has no effect on urea and creatinine serum level.

Study to find out the significance of postprandial dyslipidemia in diabetic patients

: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases, which is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, which results from the defects in the insulin action, insulin secretion or both. The most prevalent form of the disease, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is often asymptomatic in the early stages and it may remain undiagnosed for many years.The insulin resistance in the liver leads to failure of the hyperinsulinaemia to suppress the gluconeogenesis, which increases fasting glucose levels and decreases. glycogen storage by the liver in the postprandial phase. Increased glucose production in the liver occurs early in the course of diabetes, and it is likely in skeletal muscles after the onset of the insulin secretory abnormalities and the insulin resistance. Due to the insulin resistance in the adipose tissue and obesity, the free fatty acid (FFA) flux from the adipocytes is increased, which in turn leads to an increase in lipid [very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides] synthesis in the hepatocytes. This is responsible for the dyslipidaemia which is found in type2 diabetes mellitus [elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL, and increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particlesIndividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of developing microvascular and macrovascular complications.: To find out the significance of postprandial dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.: This is a cross-sectional study, wherein written informed consent was taken after giving detailed information to the participants regarding the study. Patients who were in the age group of 35-65 years, admitted in the Department of Medicine, RRMCH from November 2017 for next 18 months with Diabetes Mellitus who met a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied. The study was initiated after obtaining clearance from the institution's ethical committee.: There was a significant elevation of mean values of total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG of cases and controls in the postprandial state compared to their fasting state, statistical significance was found (P&amp;#60;0.05).Mean values of total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG of cases in fasting state were significantly more compared to controls in fasting state, statistical significance was found (P&amp;#60;0.05).Mean values of total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG of cases in the postprandial state were significantly more compared to controls in the postprandial state, statistical significance was found (P&amp;#60;0.05).Mean values of both FBS and PPBS in cases were higher compared to controls (P&amp;#60;0.05). Mean values of PPBS in cases and controls were significantly more compared to their respective FBS values (P&amp;#60;0.05).The mean HbA1c values in cases were higher(7.142) compared to controls (5.554).: Prevalence of diabetes was highest in the age group 56-65 years in our hospital.As the duration of diabetes increases, there is an increased prevalence of dyslipidemia in the cases.Past history of HTN, IHD, PVD and CVA were found significantly more in subjects with fasting and postprandial dyslipidemia (cases) compared to those without(controls).Patients on irregular treatment (63%) were more in the study group(cases) compared to controls. So it could be said that patient not on regular treatment are more prone to have dyslipidemia. (fasting as well as postprandial). There was a significant increase in total serum cholesterol, LDL and TG in postprandial states of cases compared to that in controls, so it could be said that diabetic patients with fasting dyslipidemia are more prone to have dyslipidemia in the postprandial state.

Screening for dyslipidemia in diabetic patients in a town in the Moroccan desert: the town of Es-Smara. Screening for dyslipidemia in diabetic patients in a town in the Moroccan desert: The town of Es-Smara

Screening for dyslipidemia in diabetic patients in a town in the Moroccan desert: the town of Es-Smara. Screening for dyslipidemia in diabetic patients in a town in the Moroccan desert: The town of Es-Smara

Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia- A Detailed Analysis

Background: Diabetic atherosclerosis is a heterogeneous condition, and that dyslipidemia is only one aspect of the pathophysiology. However, dyslipidemia is the most readily measured and, at the present time, the most readily treated aspect of the problem. The occurrence of dyslipidemia can be reduced by good glycemic control. However poor awareness and other socio-economic factors is a major concern and pose a major hindrance in controlling blood sugar levels.&#x0D; Aims and Objective: This study was conducted to study the dyslipidemia pattern in diabetic patients and its association with other factors.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The study included 500 subjects and was divided into two groups: Group 1(Diabetic) included 276 patients and Group 2 (Non-diabetic) included 224 patients. The study patients were screened using a pretested structured questionnaire. Fasting plasma glucose and serum lipid profile (cholesterol, TG, HDL) were estimated in automated analyzer (Erba Manheim EM 200).&#x0D; Results: In the current study, all characteristics of diabetes were correlated with each parameter and it was found that disproportionate body mass index, high waist girth was correlated with incidence of dyslipidemia. The education levels and financial background of the subjects were also studied and it was found to correlate well with diabetic dyslipidemia.&#x0D; Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients can reduce the morbidity and mortality due to the disease.

Relationship between ischemia modified albumin and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA), is new biomarker of oxidative stress and ischemia. IMA being increased in Diabetes Mellitus has been described in many studies. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) a metabolic disorder is characterised by hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. So, our aim was to estimate the levels of IMA in type 2 DM subjects. Also to evaluate the relationship of IMA with all the parameters in lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG) in type 2 DM subjects. Materials and Methods: 120 subjects were selected from the medicine OPD of Justice K S Hegde Charitable Hospital, Mangalore for study. The subjects attending the hospital were from coastal areas of southern India. Out of which 60 subjects were type 2 DM patients as per the ADA guidelines and 60 subjects were age and sex matched controls. The biochemical parameters estimated were FPS, 2hr-PG, HbA1C, Lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, HDL) and IMA. The results were expressed in absorbance units (ABSU). Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: The Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, HbA1c, serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL, IMA were significantly increased in type 2 DM patients than in control subjects with the p value Conclusion: The present study suggests that measuring IMA in dyslipidemic diabetic patients will provide an early index of ischemia and its severity. This would help in the better management and prognosis of DM. Keywords: Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, IMA.

A comparison of HDL-c, VLDL-c among diabetics with and without dyslipidemia and healthy controls.

Objectives: To determine and compare the levels of HDL-c and VLDL-c between Diabetic with/without dyslipidemia with normal healthy controls and risk of Cardiovascular disease. Study Design: Cross Sectional Comparative study. Setting: Multidisciplinary Lab I, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Period: 2 years January 2016 to January 2019. Material &amp; Methods: Total 90 subjects were enrolled in three groups i.e., group I comprised of 30 patients of Diabetic dyslipidemia, group II consisted of 30 patients of Diabetes without dyslipidemia and group III consisted of 30 healthy normal controls. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Data collected was analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: Male to female ratio included in group I was 1:1.73 and in group II and III was 1:1.5 each. Mean value of the HDL-c among group I was significantly lower as compared to controls. Mean values of the triglycerides (TG) among group I and group II were significantly elevated as compared to the controls. Most of the subjects of group III were doing exercise as part of everyday routine. Conclusion: The HDL-c and TG (VLDL-c) levels are perturbed significantly among Diabetic dyslipidemic patients as compared to Diabetic non-dyslipidemic patients and normal healthy controls. Exercise is an important factor missed by patients to manage their disease.