Models Of Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking Research Articles

Constraining R-axion models through dijet searches at the LHC

The search at hadron colliders for new massive resonances of a few 100 GeVs that couple effectively to colored states is an extremely challenging issue, due principally to the presence of large QCD multijet backgrounds at this energy, rendering the searches at the LHC particularly difficult. Recently, it was realized that these large backgrounds could be overcome by demanding one high-pT jet from initial-state radiation (ISR) and by means of novel jet-reconstruction techniques through which the resulting hadronized products of the massive resonances are reconstructed as a fat-jet, a unique large-radius jet. The ATLAS and CMS Collaborations have recently reported searches for the experimental signature of a single fat-jet in association with an ISR jet. Models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking with an spontaneously broken R-symmetry give rise to the appearance of a pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone boson called the R-axion, which naturally tends to be light. In the parameter space regions where the anomalous R-axion coupling to gluons is boosted, these models can be tested against these new LHC dijet searches. Taking into account the CMS search, we apply the qμ statistical method to the signal events against the background-only expectation and obtain the 95% C.L. exclusion limits on the most relevant model parameters for a particular messenger sector, namely, the R-axion mass ma, the decay constant fa, and the number of color messengers N, being these limits suitable to be applied to more general models with axion-like particles.

Implications of heavy neutralino dark matter: The underlying structure in the hidden sector

The possibility of heavy neutralino dark matter (DM) in the gravity-mediation mechanism is explored. The appearance of the heavy lightest supersymmetric particle is seemingly suggested by Large Hadron Collider runs, which have not provided evidence of superparticles around the TeV region. On the basis of the so-called WIMPZILLA scenario, it is understood that the nonthermally produced DM has the larger mass than the reheating temperature. Hence, the expected DM mass should be more than 109 GeV so that thermal leptogenesis successfully occurs. In this paper, we first examine the generation of the Higgsino mass parameter [Formula: see text] in the context of gravity mediation, postulating that the resolution of the strong CP problem should be the criterion for arriving at a valid hypothesis for heavy neutralino DM. Accordingly, we address how the Peccei–Quinn (PQ) symmetry could influence dynamical supersymmetry breaking (DSB) models. It is found that as long as [Formula: see text] (the SUSY-breaking scale) approximately coincides with [Formula: see text] (the PQ-breaking scale), no DSB models can naturally account for the existence of the heavy neutralino DM, based upon the supersymmetric Dine–Fischler–Srednicki–Zhitinitski (DFSZ)-like mechanism. Thus, we attempt to construct a new model wherein hierarchical SUSY breakings occur. For this purpose, we propose gauge coupling unification in the hidden-sector dynamics at some high-energy scale, and we show that such a class of models can achieve [Formula: see text] through renormalization flow. As a consequence, the nonthermal neutralino, practically the wino-like one in our model, is shown to be a rather natural and viable DM candidate. Moreover, we argue that on the basis of Kac–Moody algebra, multiple breakdowns of supersymmetry may entail unified gauge dynamics. We also present a possible unified model. Finally, the heavy wino-like neutralino may be a DM candidate that will favor future direct DM detection experiments, mainly because its scattering on nuclei well conserves isospin symmetry.

Dynamical supersymmetry breaking on magnetized tori and orbifolds

We construct several dynamical supersymmetry breaking (DSB) models within a single ten-dimensional supersymmetric Yang–Mills (SYM) theory, compactified on magnetized tori with or without orbifolding. We study the case that the supersymmetry breaking is triggered by a strong dynamics of SU(NC) SYM theory with NF flavors contained in the four-dimensional effective theory. We show several configurations of magnetic fluxes and orbifolds, those potentially yield, below the compactification scale, the field contents and couplings required for triggering DSB. We especially find a class of self-complete DSB models on orbifolds, where all the extra fields are eliminated by the orbifold projection and DSB successfully occurs within the given framework. Comments on some perspectives for associating the obtained DSB models with the other sectors, such as the visible sector and another hidden sector for, e.g., stabilizing moduli, are also given.

Simple and direct communication of dynamical supersymmetry breaking

We present a complete, calculable, and phenomenologically viable model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking. The model is a simple extension of the so called 3-2 model, with gauge group SU(3)xSU(2)xG_SM and the MSSM fields directly coupled to the hidden sector SU(2) vector fields. Sfermion masses are universal, thus solving the supersymmetric flavour problem, and gaugino masses are not suppressed, in fact they are predicted to be of the same order as sfermion masses. Sizeable contributions to the MSSM A-terms can be generated, depending on the size of some free couplings. As a byproduct, we show some properties of a class of models with n pairs of Higgs doublets.

SpontaneousR-symmetry breaking with multiple pseudomoduli

We examine generalized O'Raifeartaigh models that feature multiple tree-level flat directions and only contain fields with $R$-charges 0 or 2. We show that spontaneous $R$-breaking at up to one-loop order is impossible in such theories. Specifically, we prove that the $R$-symmetric origin of field space is always a local minimum of the one-loop Coleman-Weinberg potential, generalizing an earlier result for the case of a single flat direction. This result has consequences for phenomenology and helps elucidate the behavior of various models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking.

On the vacuum structure of the 3-2 model

The 3-2 model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking is revisited, with some incidentally new observations on the vacuum structure. Extra matter is then added, and the vacuum structure is further studied. The parametric dependence of the location of the vacuum provides a consistency check of Seiberg duality.

Hunting for dynamical supersymmetry breaking in theories that s-confine

The s-confining theories are a class of supersymmetric gauge theories with infrared dynamics which are well-understood. Perturbing such theories can give rise to dynamical supersymmetry breaking. We realize simple models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking by perturbing two of the 10 SU(N) s-confining gauge theories by a single trilinear operator. These examples have locally stable vacua with spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The first is SU(5) with two generations (consisting of an antisymmetric tensor and an antifundamental) plus two flavors. The second is SU(5) with three generations. The properties of the former vacuum are calculable while those of the latter vacuum are not. We briefly discuss the other SU(N) models.

Dark matter from dynamical SUSY breaking

We consider explicit models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking where dark matter is a 10 -- 100 TeV strongly-interacting composite state carrying no standard model quantum numbers. These constructions are simple variants of well-known supersymmetry breaking mechanisms, augmented to allow for a large "flavor" symmetry. Dark matter is the lightest composite modulus charged under this symmetry and is a viable cold dark matter candidate with a thermal relic abundance. This is an attractive possibility in low-scale gauge-mediated scenarios where the gravitino is the lightest superparticle. A light R-axion associated with supersymmetry breaking is present in these hidden sectors and serves as the portal between dark matter and the standard model. Such scenarios are relevant for present and future indirect detection experiments.

Conformal supersymmetry breaking in vectorlike gauge theories

A new class of models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking is proposed. The models are based on $SU({N}_{C})$ gauge theories with ${N}_{F}(<{N}_{C})$ flavors of quarks and singlets. Dynamically generated superpotential exhibits runaway behavior. By embedding the models into conformal field theories at high energies, the runaway potential is stabilized by strong quantum corrections to the K\"ahler potential. The quantum corrections are large but nevertheless can be controlled due to superconformal symmetry of the theories.

Semi-direct gauge mediation

We describe a framework for gauge mediation of supersymmetry breaking in which the messengers are charged under the hidden sector gauge group but do not play a role in breaking supersymmetry. From this point of view, our framework is between ordinary gauge mediation and direct mediation. As an example, we consider the 3-2 model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking, and add to it massive messengers which are SU(2) doublets. We briefly discuss the phenomenology of this scenario.

Dynamical supersymmetry breaking from simple quivers

We construct a simple local model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking. The model is a one-generation $SU(5)$ that arises from a IIB ${\mathbb{Z}}_{N}$ orientifold. It does not admit a runaway direction and is argued to stabilize the blowup mode related to the corresponding $U(1)$ factor. The theory demonstrates the existence of a new class of ``blowup'' fractional branes

Dynamical SUSY breaking in meta-stable vacua

Dynamical supersymmetry breaking in a long-lived meta-stable vacuum is a phenomenologically viable possibility. This relatively unexplored avenue leads to many new models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking. Here, we present a surprisingly simple class of models with meta-stable dynamical supersymmetry breaking: N=1 supersymmetric QCD, with massive flavors. Though these theories are strongly coupled, we definitively demonstrate the existence of meta-stable vacua by using the free-magnetic dual. Model building challenges, such as large flavor symmetries and the absence of an R-symmetry, are easily accommodated in these theories. Their simplicity also suggests that broken supersymmetry is generic in supersymmetric field theory and in the landscape of string vacua.

A gauge-mediation model with a light gravitino of mass [formula omitted] and the messenger dark matter

In the light of recent experimental data on gaugino searches, we revisit the direct-transmission model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking with the gravitino mass mG˜⩽16 eV, which does not have any cosmological or astrophysical problems. We find that in the consistent regions of parameter space, the model predicts not only upper bounds on superparticle masses (1.1 TeV, 320 GeV, 160 GeV, 5 TeV, 1.5 TeV and 700 GeV for gluino, wino, bino, squarks, left-handed sleptons and right-handed sleptons, respectively), but also a mass of the lightest messenger particle in the range of 10–50 TeV. The lightest messenger particle can naturally be a messenger sneutrino. Therefore, this may suggest that the messenger sneutrino could be the dark matter, as proposed recently by Hooper and March-Russell to account for the gamma-ray spectrum from the galactic center observed by HESS experiment.

Models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking with gauged U(1) symmetry

We present simple models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking with gauged U(1)_R symmetry. The minimal supersymmetric standard model and supersymmetric SU(5) GUT are considered as the visible sector. The anomaly cancellation conditions for U(1)_R are investigated in detail and simple solutions of the R-charge assignments are found. We show that this scenario of dynamical supersymmetry breaking is phenomenologically viable with the gravitino mass of order 1 TeV or 10 TeV.

Dynamical supersymmetry breaking with gaugedU(1)Rsymmetry

We propose a simple model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking in the context of minimal supergravity with gauged $\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{R}$ symmetry. The model is based on the gauge group $\mathrm{SU}(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{R}$ with three matters. Since the $\mathrm{U}(1{)}_{R}$ symmetry is gauged, the Fayet-Iliopoulos D term appears due to the symmetry of supergravity. On the other hand, the superpotential generated dynamically by the SU(2) gauge dynamics leads to a runaway potential. Since the supersymmetric vacuum condition required by the D term potential contradicts the one required by the superpotential, supersymmetry is broken. The supersymmetry breaking scale is controlled by the dynamical scale of the SU(2) gauge interaction. We can choose the parameters in our model for a vanishing cosmological constant. Our model is phenomenologically viable with the gravitino mass of order 1 TeV or 10 TeV.

Dynamical supersymmetry breaking

Supersymmetry is one of the most plausible and theoretically motivated frameworks for extending the standard model. However, any supersymmetry in Nature must be a broken symmetry. Dynamical supersymmetry breaking (DSB) is an attractive idea for incorporating supersymmetry into a successful description of Nature. The study of DSB has recently enjoyed dramatic progress, fueled by advances in our understanding of the dynamics of supersymmetric field theories. These advances have allowed for direct analysis of DSB in strongly coupled theories, and for the discovery of new DSB theories, some of which contradict early criteria for DSB. The authors review these criteria, emphasizing recently discovered exceptions. They also describe, through many examples, various techniques for directly establishing DSB by studying the infrared theory, including both older techniques in regions of weak coupling and new techniques in regions of strong coupling. Finally, they present a list of representative DSB models, their main properties, and the relations among them.

Long-lived superheavy particles in dynamical supersymmetry-breaking models in supergravity

Superheavy particles of mass $\ensuremath{\simeq}{10}^{13}--{10}^{14} \mathrm{GeV}$ with a lifetime $\ensuremath{\simeq}{10}^{10}--{10}^{22} \mathrm{yr}$ are very interesting, since their decays may account for the ultrahigh energy (UHE) cosmic rays discovered beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff energy $E\ensuremath{\sim}5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{10} \mathrm{GeV}.$ We show that the presence of such long-lived superheavy particles is a generic prediction of QCD-like $\mathrm{SU}{(N}_{c})$ gauge theories with ${N}_{f}$ flavors of quarks and antiquarks and a large number of colors ${N}_{c}.$ We construct explicit models based on supersymmetric $\mathrm{SU}{(N}_{c})$ gauge theories and show that if the dynamical scale $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\simeq}{10}^{13}--{10}^{14} \mathrm{GeV}$ and ${N}_{c}=6--10$ the lightest composite baryons have the desired masses and lifetimes to explain the UHE cosmic rays. It is interesting that in these models the gaugino condensation necessarily occurs and hence these models may play the role of the so-called hidden sector for supersymmetry breaking in supergravity.

Models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking and quintessence

We study several models of relevance for the dynamical breaking of supersymmetry which could provide a scalar component with equation of state $p=w\rho$, $-1<w<0$. Such models would provide a natural explanation for recent data on the cosmological parameters.

One-scale model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking

A model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking is constructed in which the low-energy physics depends on a single dynamical scale. Strong coupling dynamics of gauge theories plays an important role, in particular through its effects on beta functions and through confinement. The model does not have distinct messenger and supersymmetry-breaking sectors. The scale of supersymmetry breaking is of order 10-100 \TeV, implying that the decay of the next-to-lightest superpartner into the gravitino is prompt. Superoblique corrections are enhanced. A Dirac fermion and one complex scalar, in a 10 or \bar{10} of (global) SU(5), are predicted to be relatively light and to satisfy certain mass relations with the standard model squarks and sleptons.

Gauge-mediation model of dynamical SUSY breaking with a wide range of the gravitino mass

We provide a gauge-mediation model of dynamical supersymmetry breaking where the gravitino mass takes a value in a wide range from 0.1 eV to 10 GeV . The lower mass region of order 100 keV or less deserves experimental and cosmological interests. The vacuum of our model is a true one without runaway instability, which may be desirable in a cosmological evolution of the universe.