Dyeing Properties Of Wool Research Articles

슬로우 패션을 위한 블루베리 염색성에 관한 연구

Blueberries were used to test the solution concentration, dyeing temperature, and pH concentration on cotton, linen, wool, and silk fabrics, which are natural fibers, as an eco-friendly method for slow fashion. In blueberry dyeing, cotton, linen, wool, and silk fabrics were commonly found to have better dyeing properties as the solution concentration increased, and overall, they were found to have the most stable and excellent dyeing properties at pH 3. Cotton and linen fabrics had better dyeing properties as the dyeing temperature decreases. Cotton fabrics represent various colors of green, purple, and blue depending on the dyeing conditions, and linen fabrics represent purple colors. The higher the dyeing temperature, the better the dyeing properties of wool and silk fabrics have better dyeing properties. The surface color of wool represents a brown color with yellow. In silk fabrics, the pH concentration is a very important factor rather than the solution concentration and the dyeing temperature, and the surface color ranges from red-purple to brown colors. Cotton, linen, wool, and silk fabrics all have a low grade of fade in colorfastness to washing, but the stain is all excellent in grades 4-5. Colorfastness to rubbing was found to be quite excellent, and Colorfastness to light was found to have a low overall grade.

The effect of a novel catalytic system with Savinase 16L and an organophosphine compound on the shrink-proofing and dyeing properties of wool

The hydrolytic destruction of wool scales using a protease catalyzed system is a point-to-surface process. The surface zeta potential of wool fibers increased after treatment, and disulfide bonds were broken, which was more favorable for dyeing.

Influence of dielectric barrier discharge treatment on mechanical and dyeing properties of wool

Physical and chemical properties of wool surface significantly affect the absorbency, rate of dye bath exhaustion and fixation of the industrial dyes. Hence, surface modification is a necessary operation prior to coloration process in wool wet processing industries. Plasma treatment is an effective alternative for physiochemical modification of wool surface. However, optimum processing parameters to get the expected modification are still under investigation, hence this technology is still under development in the wool wet processing industries. Therefore, in this paper, treatment parameters with the help of simple dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor and air as a plasma gas, which could be a promising combination for treatment of wool substrate at industrial scale were schematically studied, and their influence on the water absorbency, mechanical, and dyeing properties of twill woven wool fabric samples are reported. It is expected that the results will assist to the wool coloration industries to improve the dyeing processes.

Effects of Liposome-Assisted Peroxide Bleaching on Woolen Fabric Properties

The effect of liposomes, constituted from soy lecithin and cholesterol, on hydrogen peroxide bleaching of wool fabrics was investigated. A thin lipid layer method was used for liposome production. Use of commercial liposomes was also investigated. Whiteness index (Stensby), breaking strength, solubility in alkali, and several instrumental analysis methods for determining morphology were carried out. Bleached samples were dyed with a 1:2 metal complex dye and color strength values were analyzed. The effect of liposome type on hydrogen peroxide consumption in the bleaching bath was also analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Elemental analysis was carried out to determine the ratio of elements in the bleached wool samples. Liposomes acted as a stabilizer in the bleaching bath and improved the physical, bleaching, and dyeing properties of wool.

DYEING BEHAVIOUR OF TREATED WOOL WITH SOME METAL IONS

Interaction of metal ions with wool is currently studied. The absorption of some metal ions such as copper, iron, cobalt, nickel and aluminum by wool from their aqueous salt solutions is investigated. The treatment conditions such as temperature of treatment and the pH values of metal salt solutions are interpreted. The effect of pretreatment of wool with some di- carboxylic acids on the metal uptake by wool is given. The influence of these absorbed metal ions on the dyeing properties of wool is investigated. The mechanical properties, alkali solubility, fastness properties as well as kinetic investigation on the dyeing process are also investigated.

Influence of corona discharge and chitosan surface treatment on dyeing properties of wool

AbstractIn this work, the effects of single and combined corona discharge (CD) and biopolymer chitosan treatment (CS) on the sorption properties and dyeability of woolen fabric were studied. Physical and chemical changes on the fiber surface were assessed by using different methods. It has been confirmed that wettability and dyeability of wool were improved after single and combined treatments. The changes in elemental composition of wool fiber surface were followed by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The relationship between chemical changes and both wettability and dyeability after CS is discussed. On chitosan treated samples, the color intensity increased uniformly with increasing chitosan concentration. The samples treated with combined treatment (corona/chitosan) had the highest color intensity, due to synergistic effect of the treatments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010

EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA ON DIFFERENT WOOL DYEING SYSTEMS

Abstract In this paper, the effects of low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment on the dyeing properties of wool were studied. Wool fibres were treated with oxygen plasma and three types of dyeing systems that are commonly used for wool dyeing, namely: (i) acid dye, (ii) chrome dye and (iii) reactive dye; were used in the dyeing process. For acid dyeing, the dyeing rate of LTP-treated wool fibre was greatly increased, but the final dyeing exhaustion equilibrium did not show any significant change. For chrome dyeing, the dyeing rate of LTP-treated wool fibre was increased, but the final dyeing exhaustion equilibrium was increased only to a small extent. In addition, the rate of the afterchroming process was similar to the chrome dyeing process. In the case of reactive dyeing, the dyeing rate of LTP-treated wool fibre was greatly increased and also the final dyeing exhaustion equilibrium was increased significantly. As a result, it may be concluded that the LTP treatment could improve the dyeing behaviour of wool fibre under different dyeing systems.

The Impact of Nitrogen Plasma Treatment upon the Physical-Chemical and Dyeing Properties of Wool Fabric

Pretreatment of wool fabric with low-temperature plasma (LTP) as an eco-friendly process was tested. The impact of plasma-treatment parameters on the surface morphology, physical-chemical, and dyeing properties of wool using anionic dyes were investigated. The LTP-treatment resulted in a dramatic improvement in fabric hydrophilicity and wettability, the removal of fiber surface material, and creation of new active sites along with improved initial dyeing rate. The nature of the plasma gas governed the final exhaustion percentage of the used acid dyes according to the following descending order: nitrogen plasma > nitrogen/oxygen (50/50) plasma > oxygen plasma > argon plasma ≥ control. Prolonging the exposure time up to 20 minutes resulted in a gradual improvement in the extent of exhaustion. Increasing the ageing period up to 100 hours resulted in a slight decrease in the extent of acid dye uptake. Increasing the salt concentration up to 5 g/L and the dyeing temperature up to 95°C resulted in an enhancement in the extent of exhaustion. The extent of improvement in dye bath exhaustion, using low temperature nitrogen plasma (LTNP)-treatment, was determined by the nature of the anionic dyes.

Chemical Treatments Designed to Modify the Affinity of Wool for Dyes

The dyeing properties of wool have been modified by treating it with a series of reactive hydrophobic, anionic and cationic compounds. The extent of fixation of these reactive compounds to the wool was determined as dry basis weight gains which reached 70–13% wt/wt for many of the compounds examined.The dyeing properties of the modified wools were examined with a series of anionic, cationic and reactive dyes. The hydrophobic mechanism of dyeing appears to predominate over the ionic mechanism, except for the highly ionised dyes examined. The monosulphonated dye C. I. Acid Red 88 was more strongly absorbed by hydrophobic wool (benzoylated or ANEX–treated wool) and had an improved wash fastness rating on the treated wool. C. I. Reactive Red 116 is effectively resisted by the reactive hydrophobic and anionic treatments since these compounds eliminate the nucleophilic sites normally available for reaction with reactive dyes.

The Effect of Selected Pretreatments on the Dyeing and Color Properties and pH-Sensitivity of Wools Dyed with Metallized Azo Dyes

The effect of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) and peroxydisulfate (PS) anion pretreatments on the dyeing properties of wool with metallized azo dyes was studied and characterized. Chrome-metallized azo dyes containing pyrazolone or acetoacetanilide moieties dyed THPC and PS-treated wools to different shades than those found for untreated wool, whereas treated and untreated wools dyed with chrome-metallized azo dyes containing aromatic benzenoid rings on both sides of the azo group gave much smaller color differences. The particular mordant used did not significantly affect the nature of color differences observed when treated and untreated wools dyed with mordant dyes containing a pyrazolone moiety were metallized; however, the pH-sensitivity of the mordant-dyed wools was reduced by metallization, with sodium dichromate and cuprous sulfate metallization providing the greatest degree of stabilization.

Modification of the Properties of Wool Through Internal Deposition of Polymers

Techniques available for internal deposition of polymers in wool and the properties of the resulting modified wool are reviewed. Internal deposition of polymers inside wool is initiated by several free radical or radical-ion tech niques including high-energy radiation or chemical initiation. Internal deposition of polymers in wool is considered to be a finishing technique for wool, since many changes in the physical and chemical properties of the modified wools have been reported. Deposition of specific polymers in wool are found to alter selected finishing characteristics of wool and the location of polymers within the wool fiber have been characterized in certain cases. Recent findings on the effect of internal polymer on the dyeing properties of wool are reported. Future prospects for internal deposition of polymers in wool, as a method to extend the utility of wool fibers, are explored.

INTRODUCTION OF CHELATE BOND TO FIBER

In order to know the effect of chelate formation with Hg on the dyeing properties of wool, the energy of activation in the absorption of dyes by Hg treated wool is determined. The same process as in the case of the absorption of Hg with wool is employed. The dyeing process is considered to be divided into the following three steps (a) absorption of dyes on the surface of fiber, (b) the diffusion of the adsorbed dyes at the surface of fiber into the inner part of fiber, (c) chemical combination of dyes with metallic ions in fiber. The following relationship is found appliciable in this case:Where, x is reaction rate (the quantity of dyes absorbed by wool in a state is divided by the quantity of dyes absorbed at equibrium), t is time.It means that the diffusion of dyes in fiber is a rate determining step in this dyeing. From the above equation (1), (2) is obtained, andThe energy of activation is calculated from (4) belows, From the inclination of these straight lines and from the difference between log xt20 and log xt30, and between log xt30 and log xt50, the energy of activation is computed. Acid orange II, acidic dyes, and chrome methyl orange A, mordant dyes, are used.The energy of activation of the absorption of these dyes with the Hg treated wool was compared with that with non treated wool. For non-treated wool, E were found to be 7570 cal/mol between 20 and 30°C, and 9830 cal/mol between 30 and 50°C, for Acid orange II and 11800 cal/mol (20_??_30°C), 11150 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for chrome orange A. For Hg treated wool, E were 10720_??_13500 cal/mol (20_??_30°C) and 19900 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for Acid orange II, and 26000 cal/mol (20_??_30°C) and 22000 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for Chrome Orange A.Using the above dyes, Hg treated wool needs much more energy than non-treated wool does.Cross linking formed during the chelation with Hg in wool and the change of the charge in wool may have some relations to the above results.

INTRODUCTION OF CHELATE BOND TO FIBER

In order to know the effect of chelate formation with Hg on the dyeing properties of wool, the energy of activation in the absorption of dyes by Hg treated wool is determined. The same process as in the case of the absorption of Hg with wool is employed. The dyeing process is considered to be divided into the following three steps (a) absorption of dyes on the surface of fiber, (b) the diffusion of the adsorbed dyes at the surface of fiber into the inner part of fiber, (c) chemical combination of dyes with metallic ions in fiber. The following relationship is found appliciable in this case:Where, x is reaction rate (the quantity of dyes absorbed by wool in a state is divided by the quantity of dyes absorbed at equibrium), t is time.It means that the diffusion of dyes in fiber is a rate determining step in this dyeing. From the above equation (1), (2) is obtained, andThe energy of activation is calculated from (4) belows, From the inclination of these straight lines and from the difference between log xt20 and log xt30, and between log xt30 and log xt50, the energy of activation is computed. Acid orange II, acidic dyes, and chrome methyl orange A, mordant dyes, are used.The energy of activation of the absorption of these dyes with the Hg treated wool was compared with that with non treated wool. For non-treated wool, E were found to be 7570 cal/mol between 20 and 30°C, and 9830 cal/mol between 30 and 50°C, for Acid orange II and 11800 cal/mol (20_??_30°C), 11150 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for chrome orange A. For Hg treated wool, E were 10720_??_13500 cal/mol (20_??_30°C) and 19900 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for Acid orange II, and 26000 cal/mol (20_??_30°C) and 22000 cal/mol (30_??_50°C) for Chrome Orange A.Using the above dyes, Hg treated wool needs much more energy than non-treated wool does.Cross linking formed during the chelation with Hg in wool and the change of the charge in wool may have some relations to the above results.

The Dyeing Properties of Chlorinated Wool I–Qualitative Experiments using Wool chlorinated at Various pH Values1

A preliminary qualitative investigation has been carried out into the dyeing properties of wool treated in solutions of sodium hypochlorite at various pH values. It has been confirmed that, when using selected equalising acid, neutral–dyeing acid, direct cotton, and chrome dyes, wool treated in acid solutions of hypochlorite absorbs more dye than untreated wool when samples of both are dyed togethor in the same solution, whereas when treated under neutral or alkaline conditions it absorbs less dye and a resist effect is obtained. Treatment in hypochlorite solutions at certain intermediate pH values yields material with dyeing properties similar to untreated wool. Using basic dyes, the chlorinated wool absorbs more dye than the unchlorinated material irrespective of the pH at which the treatment is carried out.

The Unlevel Dyeing of Wool with Acid and Chrome Dyes Part IV—Chromium Acetates. The Preparation and Characteristics of the Chromium Acetate most effective in correcting the Uneven Dyeing Properties of Wool damaged by Exposure

The Unlevel Dyeing of Wool with Acid and Chrome Dyes Part IV—Chromium Acetates. The Preparation and Characteristics of the Chromium Acetate most effective in correcting the Uneven Dyeing Properties of Wool damaged by Exposure

The Unlevel Dyeing of Wool with Acid and Chrome Dyes Part V—An Examination of the Efficacy of Chromium Salts of Acids other than Acetic Acid in correcting the Uneven Dyeing Properties of Wool damaged by Exposure

The Unlevel Dyeing of Wool with Acid and Chrome Dyes Part V—An Examination of the Efficacy of Chromium Salts of Acids other than Acetic Acid in correcting the Uneven Dyeing Properties of Wool damaged by Exposure

The Effect of Certain Agencies Upon the Colour and Dyeing Properties of Wool and Silk

Journal of the Society of Dyers and ColouristsVolume 32, Issue 7 p. 184-187 The Effect of Certain Agencies Upon the Colour and Dyeing Properties of Wool and Silk First published: July 1916 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1916.tb00930.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume32, Issue7July 1916Pages 184-187 RelatedInformation