Dye Chromoendoscopy Research Articles

Role of Dye Chromoendoscopy in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Role of Dye Chromoendoscopy in Colorectal Cancer Screening in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Dye Chromoendoscopy Outperforms High-Definition White Light Endoscopy in Dysplasia Detection for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Whether dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) adds value in surveillance colonoscopy with high-definition (HD) scopes remains controversial. This updated meta-analysis compares dysplasia detection using DCE and high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing surveillance colonoscopy. A comprehensive search was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing HD-WLE and DCE in patients with IBD. The primary outcome was to compare the proportion of patients with at least 1 dysplastic lesion detected by DCE vs HD-WLE. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using the random-effects model, with I2 > 60% indicating substantial heterogeneity. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence (CoE). Six RCT involving 978 patients were analyzed (DCE = 479 vs HD-WLE = 499 patients). DCE detected significantly more patients with dysplasia than HD-WLE (18.8% vs 9.4%), OR 1.94 (95% CI 1.21-3.11, I2 = 28%, P = 0.006, high CoE). This remained significant after excluding 2 RCT published as abstracts. A sensitivity analysis excluding a noninferiority RCT with a single experienced operator eliminated the results' heterogeneity, OR 2.46 (95% CI 1.56-3.90, I2 = 0%). Although high-grade dysplasia detection was numerically higher in the DCE group (2.8% vs 1.1%), the difference was statistically insignificant, OR 2.21 (95% CI 0.64-7.62, I2 = 0%, low CoE). Our updated meta-analysis supports DCE as a superior strategy in overall dysplasia detection in IBD, even with HD scopes. When expertise is available, DCE should be considered for surveillance colonoscopy in patients with high-risk IBD, with the acknowledgment that virtual chromoendoscopy shows equivalence in recent studies. Further multicenter trials with multiple endoscopists with varying expertise levels and longer-term outcome data showing a reduction in cancer or cancer-related death are needed.

Dysplasia detection rates under a surveillance program in a tertiary referral center for inflammatory bowel diseases: Real-world data

Background and aimsSurveillance colonoscopies are crucial for high-risk patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to detect colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, there is no established quality metric for dysplasia detection rate (DDR) in IBD surveillance. This study assessed the DDR in a dedicated surveillance program at a tertiary referral center for IBD. MethodsConsecutive patients with quiescent colitis were enrolled in a cross-sectional study evaluating DDR. High-definition colonoscopy with dye chromoendoscopy (DCE) was performed by a specialized operator. Advanced dysplasia (AD) was defined as low-grade dysplasia ≥ 10 mm, high-grade dysplasia, or colorectal cancer. Risk factors for dysplasia detection were analyzed. ResultsIn total, 119 patients underwent 151 procedures, identifying 206 lesions, of which 40 dysplastic with seven AD . Per-lesion and per-procedure DDR were 19.4 % and 20.5 %, respectively. The per-procedure AD detection rate (ADDR) was 4.6 %. A Kudo pit pattern of II-V had a sensitivity of 92.5 % for dysplasia detection but a false positive rate of 64.8 % (p < 0.001). Age at diagnosis and at index colonoscopy and past or indefinite dysplasia were associated with per-procedure dysplasia detection. ConclusionsIn a real-world setting, a dedicated surveillance program achieved a high DDR. We suggest that optimal DDR in high-risk IBD patients be defined and implemented as a standardized quality measure for surveillance programs.

Characteristics of flat-type ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia on chromoendoscopic imaging with indigo carmine dye spraying.

Despite recent advances in endoscopic equipment and diagnostic techniques, early detection of ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia (UCAN) remains difficult because of the complex background of the inflamed mucosa of ulcerative colitis and the morphologic diversity of the lesions. We aimed to describe the main diagnostic patterns for UCAN in our cohort, including lateral extension surrounding flat lesions. Sixty-three lesions in 61 patients with flat-type dysplasia that were imaged with dye chromoendoscopy (DCE) were included in this analysis. These DCE images were analyzed to clarify the dye-chromoendoscopic imaging characteristics of flat dysplasia, and the lesions were broadly classified into dysplastic and nondysplastic mucosal patterns. Dysplastic mucosal patterns were classified into two types: small round patterns with round to roundish structures, and mesh patterns with intricate mesh-like structures. Lesions with a nondysplastic mucosal pattern were divided into two major types: a ripple-like type and a gyrus-like type. Of note, 35 lesions (55.6%) had a small round pattern, and 51 lesions (80.9%) had some type of mesh pattern. About 70% of lesions with small round patterns and 49% of lesions with mesh patterns were diagnosed as high-grade dysplasia or carcinoma, while about 30% of lesions with small round patterns and 51% of lesions with mesh patterns were diagnosed as low-grade dysplasia. When a characteristic mucosal pattern, such as a small round or mesh pattern, is found by DCE, the possibility of UCAN should be considered.

Low risk of new dysplastic lesions in an inflammatory bowel disease population study with dye chromoendoscopy

Background and study aims Rates of new dysplastic lesions or cancer progression after first dye chromoendoscopy in the era of high-definition endoscopy have yet to be determined. Patients and methods A multicenter, population-based, retrospective cohort study was performed in seven hospitals in Spain. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease and fully resected (R0) dysplastic colon lesions under surveillance with high-definition dye-based chromoendoscopy were sequentially enrolled between February 2011 and June 2017, with a minimum endoscopic follow-up of 36 months. The aim was to assess the incidence of developing more advanced metachronous neoplasia by analyzing possible associated risk factors. Results The study sample included 99 patients and 148 index lesions (145 low-grade dysplasia lesions and three high-grade dysplasia [HGD] lesions with a mean follow-up of 48.76 months [IQR: 36.34-67.15]). The overall incidence of new dysplastic lesions was 0.23 per 100 patient-years, 1.15 per 100 patients at 5 years and 2.29 per 100 patients at 10 years. A history of dysplasia was associated with a higher risk of developing any grade of dysplasia during follow-up ( P = 0.025), whereas left colon lesions were associated with a lower risk ( P = 0.043). The incidence of more advanced lesions at 1 year and 10 years was 1 % and 14 % respectively, with lesion size > 1 cm being a risk factor ( P = 0.041). One of the eight patients (13 %) with HGD lesions developed colorectal cancer during follow-up. Conclusions The risk of dysplasia progressing to advanced neoplasia and, specifically, the risk of new neoplastic lesions after endoscopic resection of colitis-associated dysplasia, are both very low.

P164 Dysplasia detection rates in a surveillance program real-world data from a tertiary referral center for inflammatory bowel diseases

Abstract Background Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with an increased risk of developing colorectal carcinoma should undergo periodic surveillance colonoscopies. There is no quality metric for dysplasia detection rate (DDR) in IBD surveillance. We evaluated DDR in a dedicated surveillance program at a tertiary IBD referral center. Methods This cross-sectional study assessed DDR among consecutive patients with quiescent colitis enrolled in our surveillance program. Patients underwent high-definition colonoscopy with dye chromoendoscopy (DCE). A single specialized operator performed the procedures. Advanced dysplasia (AD) was defined as low-grade dysplasia ≥ 10mm, high-grade dysplasia, or colorectal cancer. We evaluated risk factors for dysplasia detection. Results Overall, 119 patients [female: 39.5%; median age: 54 years (IQR 43-66); median disease duration: 20 years (IQR 14-29)] underwent 151 procedures that revealed 206 lesions, of which 40 were dysplastic, and seven were considered AD. Per-procedure and per-lesion DDR were: 20.5%, and 19.4%, respectively. Per-procedure AD detection rate (ADDR) was 4.6%. Per-procedure dysplasia detection was associated with increased age at diagnosis at the index colonoscopy and past dysplasia or indefinite dysplasia, however, on multivariable analysis, only past dysplasia or indefinite dysplasia maintained a significant association (AdjOR 4.84, 95% CI 1.52-15.45, p=0.008). A Kudo pit pattern of II-V had a sensitivity of 92.5% for per-lesion dysplasia detection but a false positive rate of 64.8% (p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion DDR in a dedicated surveillance program in a real-world setting reached 20%. DDR should be considered a quality measure while surveying high-risk patients with IBD.

Carcinomas in inflammatory bowel disease: a narrative review on diagnostic imaging techniques.

We aimed, therefore, to review the current evidence on imaging modalities and carcinomas overlapping IBD. Patients affected by inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are at increased risk for developing both gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal cancers. The subtype of IBD, namely Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, the location, the activity, the extent, and the duration of the disease determine this risk. Standardized surveillance programs based on imaging techniques exist only for colorectal cancer, where colonoscopy is the milestone of early detection. Clarification is needed on whether different imaging modalities might be adopted in the algorithms for screening and diagnosis of cancers in IBD patients. PubMed was searched up to July 2021 to identify relevant studies investigating the accuracy of imaging techniques in identifying carcinomas in IBD patients. The following text words and corresponding Medical Subject Heading/Entree terms were used: "imaging", "computed tomography", "magnetic resonance imaging", "inflammatory bowel disease", "adenocarcinoma" and "cancer". Currently dye-chromoendoscopy (DCE) is established as the gold standard diagnostic modality for the detection of dysplasia in IBD, with a demonstrated superiority compared to white-light endoscopy. Two main radiological patterns have been described at cross-sectional imaging for both colorectal cancer and small bowel adenocarcinoma. The first subtype is characterized by a tissue mass, while the second subtype recognizes a circumferential thickening with or without the stricturing of the lumen. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of cross-sectional imaging techniques for the detection of carcinomas in the context of IBD are largely unknown and scarcely investigated. The definition of surveillance programs based on different imaging methods is warranted.

Endoscopic Surveillance in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Selecting a Suitable Technology.

In the treat-to-target era, endoscopy has become the backbone of the assessment of remission, defined as mucosal healing, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Current recommendations indicate that endoscopic procedures should be performed with high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE), as it guarantees the best possible visualization of the mucosa. With respect to endoscopic surveillance, the preventive strategy for dysplasia and colorectal cancer (CRC) in long-standing IBD, is the use of dye-chromoendoscopy (DCE), which enhances the mucosal pattern of the colonic walls. DCE has been established as the gold standard for dysplasia detection and is at present incorporated in all international guidelines. Over the past years, novel technologies, such as high-definition endoscopic imaging, and optical and digital enhancement tools have revolutionized the quality and level of fine details of vascular and mucosal patterns. These endoscopic images have the ambition to reflect histological changes for suspected neoplastic lesions and inflammation or healing and are emerging as potential alternatives to DCE. Indeed, the comparison of DCE with high-definition imaging is an open issue that deserves further investigation. We aimed to examine and summarize the technical aspects and the current evidence on endoscopic technologies with a specific focus on the surveillance in IBD patients.

P171 PSC/IBD and IBD have similar type and location of colonic lesions, but Dye ChromoEndoscopy (DCE) increases detection rate compared to White Light Endoscopy (WLE)

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colorectal cancer proportionally to the extent and duration of the disease. Moreover, up to 5% of IBD patients have concomitant PSC, an additional risk factor, especially for right colon cancer. To mitigate this risk patients with PSC-IBD undergo stricter annual surveillance colonoscopy. We aimed to analyze differences in incidence, location and type of lesions detected during surveillance colonoscopies in PSC/IBD and only IBD. In addition, we assessed the impact of dye spray chromoendoscopy on detection rates. Methods In a retrospective single-center study, we collected all surveillance colonoscopies performed at Birmingham University Hospital between January 2014 and August 2019. The procedures were divided for patient diagnosis in PSC-IBD or IBD-only. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic and histologic data were retrieved from electronic medical records. Categorical variables are presented as absolute and relative frequencies and compared using chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Continuous variables are presented as mean and compared by Student t-test after testing for normality. Results We retrieved 856 colonoscopies from 622 patients, of these 282 colonoscopies were performed in 147 patients with PSC, the remaining 574 in 475 patients with IBD-only. Demographic data are presented in (Table 1). In 64 (22%) colonoscopies in PSC/IBD and 173 (30%) in PSC/IBD at least one lesion was found (p=0.02). The total number of lesions was 70 for PSC/IBD (0.248 lesions per procedure) and 226 for IBD-only (0.394 per procedure) (p=0.02). While these differences were statistically significant, PSC/IBD patients had 58% (1.2 vs 1.9) more colonoscopies, due to the stricter surveillance regimen, thus likely reducing the rate of lesions per procedure (Table 2 and 3). There was no statistically significant difference in histologic type and localization of lesions between the two groups (Table 3). Dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) was used in 52% of procedures in the IBD-only group, and 65% of the PSC-IBD. Colonoscopies with DCE were significantly more likely to detect lesions both in PSC-IBD and IBD-only cohorts (both p&amp;lt;0.05). Table 4. Conclusion We found a higher detection rate of colonic lesions in colonoscopies of the general IBD population compared to those PSC-IBD patients, though this might be influenced by the frequency of surveillance. The location and type of polyps were similar between groups. DCE increased the rate of detection compared with no DCE regardless of disease phenotype.

Colorectal Cancer Surveillance in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Chromoendoscopy or Non-Chromoendoscopy, That Is the Question.

Subjects affected by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease with colonic localization have an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Surveillance colonoscopy is recommended by international guidelines as it can detect early-stage CRC. Based on previous evidence, in 2015 the Surveillance for Colorectal Endoscopic Neoplasia Detection and Management in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients International Consensus indicated dye chromoendoscopy (DCE) as the most effective technique for detecting dysplasia. However, advances in endoscopic technology such as high-definition colonoscopes and dye-less virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) may change future practice. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on CRC surveillance in IBD, focusing on the emerging role of high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) and VCE over the standard DCE, and the current role of random biopsies.

Chromoendoscopy Is Not Superior to White Light Endoscopy in Improving Adenoma Detection in Lynch Syndrome Cohort Undergoing Surveillance with High-Resolution Colonoscopy: A Real-World Evidence Study

Background: Endoscopic surveillance in patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) is crucial due to a genetically based high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to compare the adenoma detection rate (ADR) between high-resolution white light endoscopy (WLE) alone and WLE plus dye chromoendoscopy (CE) in a cohort of LS patients. Methods: In a context of real-world data, we retrospectively enrolled 50 LS patients who had non-randomly undergone WLE versus CE surveillance examinations from 2007 to 2019. The 2 groups were compared at baseline (BL) in terms of the rate of patients with lesions and the number of lesions, and at follow-up (FU), to evaluate a possible enhanced detection rate. Longitudinal analysis of the effect of the endoscopy type on the main outcomes was performed by generalized linear mixed models. Results: Forty-two patients had undergone at least one diagnostic colonoscopy. At BL and at FU analysis, we found no significant differences in detection rates and clinical-pathological features between WLE and CE groups. At the longitudinal analysis, an increase in the endoscopy rank (i.e., the position of each colonoscopy for all the colonoscopies that a patient had undergone) was associated with an increase in polyp detection rate (p = 0.006) and ADR (p = 0.005), while a trend toward significance (p = 0.069) was found for endoscopy type (CE vs. WLE) in the detection of serrated lesions. Conclusions: CE is not superior to high-resolution WLE in increasing the ADR. Even under standard WLE, an active and careful endoscopic surveillance of LS patients can prevent CRC.

Current Trends in Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Esophageal Cancer.

Simple SummaryEarly esophageal cancer is diagnosed in the context of reflux disease, surveillance of Barrett’s metaplasia, or during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for other indications. High definition and virtual or dye chromoendoscopy are mandatory for the screening and evaluation of neoplasia. Endoscopic treatment options include endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Resection is considered curative if histopathology confirms low or absent risk of lymph node metastasis. Barrett’s high-grade dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma is treated by EMR or ESD, followed by ablation of Barrett’s epithelium to avoid metachronous cancer. ESD is the treatment of choice for squamous cell neoplasia. Excellent outcomes have been reported if the ESD of squamous cell cancer with slight submucosal infiltration and thus substantial risk for lymph node metastasis was combined with adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. In contrast, infiltration of squamous cell cancer exceeding the lamina propria mucosae is not curative. However, despite a substantial risk of lymph node metastasis, excellent outcomes have recently been reported if endoscopic resection of tumors with up to 200 µm submucosal infiltration was combined with adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy.Diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma mostly occurs in the context of reflux disease or surveillance of Barrett’s metaplasia. Optimal detection rates are obtained with high definition and virtual or dye chromoendoscopy. Smaller lesions can be treated with endoscopic mucosal resection. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an option for larger lesions. Endoscopic resection is considered curative (i.e., without significant risk of lymph node metastasis) if histopathology confirms en bloc and R0 resection of a well-differentiated (G1/2) tumor without infiltration of lymphatic or blood vessels and the maximal submucosal infiltration depth is 500µm. Ablation of remaining Barrett’s metaplasia is important, to reduce the risk of metachronous cancer. Esophageal squamous cell cancer is associated with different risk factors, and most of the detected lesions are diagnosed during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for other indications. Virtual high definition and dye chromoendoscopy with Lugol’s solution are used for screening and evaluation. ESD is the preferred resection technique. The criteria for curative resection are similar to Barrett’s cancer, but the maximum infiltration depth must not exceed lamina propria mucosae. Although a submucosal infiltration depth of up to 200 µm carries a substantial risk of lymph node metastasis, ESD combined with adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy gives excellent results. The complication rates of endoscopic resection are low, and the functional outcomes are favorable compared to surgery.

S0870 High-Definition White Light Endoscopy Is Comparable to Dye Chromoendoscopy for Dysplasia Detection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Trials

S0870 High-Definition White Light Endoscopy Is Comparable to Dye Chromoendoscopy for Dysplasia Detection in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Randomized Controlled Trials

Dye chromoendoscopy leads to a higher adenoma detection in the duodenum and stomach in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

Backround and study aims Duodenal cancer is the cancer most often seen in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) who have undergone risk-reducing colonic surgery. Almost all patients with FAP eventually develop duodenal adenomas and risk for duodenal cancer is up to 12 % with poor prognosis. In addition, there is a rising concern regarding increased gastric cancer risk in patients with FAP. Our aim was to enhance polyp detection by using CE (CE) with the application of indigo carmine dye. Patient and methods We conducted a prospective, blinded study of patients with FAP undergoing endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract. First, a standard white-light examination (WLE) was done followed by an examination performed by an endoscopist who was blinded to the previous examination, using chromoendoscopy (CE) (0.4 % indigo carmine dye). Results Fifty patients were included in the study. Using WLE, a median number of 13 adenomas (range 0–90) was detected compared to 23 adenomas/patient (range 0–150; P < 0.0001) detected after staining, leading to a higher Spigelman stage in 16 patients (32 %; P = 0.0003). CE detected significantly more larger adenomas (> 10 mm) than WLE (12 vs. 19; P = 0.0391). In the gastric antral region, a median number of 0 adenomas (range 0–6) before and 0.5 adenomas (range 0–7) after staining ( P = 0.0025) were detected. Conclusion This prospective endoscopic trial, to our knowledge the largest in patients with FAP, showed a significant impact of CE on adenoma detection and therapeutic management in the upper gastrointestinal tract. This leads to more intensive surveillance intervals.

Dysplasia detection is similar between chromoendoscopy and high-definition white-light colonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a US-matched case-control study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at greater risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Detection of precursor dysplasia is important for cancer prevention. Recent guidelines recommend dye chromoendoscopy (DCE) as the preferred method for dysplasia detection. Universal adoption of DCE is time-consuming and may limit endoscopy access. The benefit of universal application of the guidelines is unclear. We compared high-definition white-light colonoscopy (HD-WLC) with DCE for dysplasia detection in IBD patients. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of adult IBD patients undergoing dysplasia surveillance between September 1, 2015, and February 1, 2020. DCE cases were matched to HD-WLC in a 1:1 ratio for gender, IBD diagnosis, and age. DCE patients were considered high risk for colorectal cancer by the referring provider. A total of 187 subjects were enrolled. Majority were males, were Caucasian, and had longstanding IBD (primarily ulcerative colitis). Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups, except for history of surgery, duration of IBD, and history of dysplasia. There was no significant difference in dysplasia detection between DCE and HD-WLC (10.2% vs 6.7%, p = 0.39). More polyps were detected in the DCE arm compared with the HD-WLC group (1.35 vs 0.80, p = 0.018), but adenoma detection rate was not statistically different between the two groups (10.2% vs 9.0%, p = 0.31). Mean withdrawal time was longer in the DCE group (24.6 min vs 15.4, p < 0.001). There were no differences in dysplasia detection using DCE compared with HD-WLC, although withdrawal times were longer with DCE.

Efficacy of Per-oral Methylene Blue Formulation for Screening Colonoscopy

Topically applied methylene blue dye chromoendoscopy is effective in improving detection of colorectal neoplasia. When combined with a pH- and time-dependent multimatrix structure, a per-oral methylene blue formulation (MB-MMX) can be delivered directly to the colorectal mucosa. We performed a phase 3 study of 1205 patients scheduled for colorectal cancer screening or surveillance colonoscopies (50-75 years old) at 20 sites in Europe and the United States, from December 2013 through October 2016. Patients were randomly assigned to groups given 200 mg MB-MMX, placebo, or 100 mg MB-MMX (ratio of 2:2:1). The 100-mg MB-MMX group was included for masking purposes. MB-MMX and placebo tablets were administered with a 4-L polyethylene glycol-based bowel preparation. The patients then underwent colonoscopy by an experienced endoscopist with centralized double-reading. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with 1 adenoma or carcinoma (adenoma detection rate [ADR]). We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for differences in detection between the 200-mg MB-MMX and placebo groups. False-positive (resection rate for non-neoplastic polyps) and adverse events were assessed as secondary endpoints. The ADR was higher for the MB-MMX group (273 of 485 patients, 56.29%) than the placebo group (229 of 479 patients, 47.81%) (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09-1.96). The proportion of patients with nonpolypoid lesions was higher in the MB-MMX group (213 of 485 patients, 43.92%) than the placebo group (168 of 479 patients, 35.07%) (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.21-2.26). The proportion of patients with adenomas ≤5 mm was higher in the MB-MMX group (180 of 485 patients, 37.11%) than the placebo group (148 of 479 patients, 30.90%) (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01-1.83), but there was no difference between groups in detection of polypoid or larger lesions. The false-positive rate did not differ significantly between groups (83 [23.31%] of 356 patients with non-neoplastic lesions in the MB-MMX vs 97 [29.75%] of 326 patients with non-neoplastic lesions in the placebo group). Overall, 0.7% of patients had severe adverse events but there was no significant difference between groups. In a phase 3 trial of patients undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopies, we found MB-MMX led to an absolute 8.5% increase in ADR, compared with placebo, without increasing the removal of non-neoplastic lesions. Clinicaltrials.gov no: NCT01694966.

Su2059 - Location and Kudo Pit Pattern Reflect Neoplastic Histology of Lesions Detected at Surveillance Colonoscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Introduction Effective colonoscopic surveillance of IBD benefit from having reliable predictors of neoplasia, since targeted biopsies and endoscopic resection are increasingly used as standard of practice. It is not clear whether Kudo pit patterns may be applicable in characterising IBD associated lesions. We aimed to identify the specific clinical and endoscopic features of colonic lesions which predict dysplasia in IBD. Method All lesions identified in a randomised study to determine the detection rates of neoplastic lesion (NL) in patients with long standing colitis in IBD ( NCT02098798) were included. NL were classified by the Paris classification, Kudo pit pattern, and by the Vienna classification. Univariate analysis was performed, and age, duration of disease, extra-intestinal manifestations,family or personal history of polyps/cancer, smoking, size of lesion, Paris classification, Kudo pit pattern, localization/extension were considered .Subsequently a multivariate logistic regression model analyses was created and analysed with candidate variables which had p values≤0.05 on univariate analysis. Results A total of 270 patients (55% men; median age 49y) were assessed by High Definition (n=90), virtual chromoendoscopy (n=90) or dye chromoendoscopy (n=90). Among 270 patients, ninety- one (33.7%) colonic dysplastic lesions and 1 adenocarcinoma were found. Sixty–two (68.8%) were polypoid and twenty-nine (31.8%) were non polypoid. Most of these lesions (92.3%) had Kudo pit pattern III-V. By univariate analysis, age- Odds Ratio (OR) 1.05 (95% CI:1.02–1.08), localization of the lesions in the right colon- OR 6.15 ( 95% CI: 3.12–12.12), Kudo pit pattern IIO, III-IV and V- OR 20.91 (95% CI:9.34–46.7) and Paris Is/Ip classification OR- 3.29 (95% CI 1.69–6.38) were associated with NL. Subsequently proportional multivariate logistic regression model for the prediction of colonic neoplasia confirmed that the endoscopic Kudo pit pattern- OR 21.50 (95% CI:86.5–60.1) and localization of the lesions in the right colon- OR 6.52 (95% CI:1.98–22.5) were predictors of colonic neoplasia at surveillance colonoscopy in IBD (Table). The overall accuracy of independent variables which predict neoplastic histological changes was 78% (95% CI 68%–88%), sensitivity 82% (95% CI 68%–97%), specificity 68% (95% CI 47%–89%), PPV 85% (95% CI 76%–95%) and NPV 64% (95% CI 42%–86%) which were significant in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion We demonstrated that the endoscopic Kudo pit pattern and localization of the lesions in the right colon were predictors of neoplasia in IBD. This may guide management strategy of NL detected at IBD surveillance. Disclosure of Interest M. Iacucci Conflict with: Pentax, O Akinola: None Declared, R Panaccione: None Declared, G Kaplan: None Declared, Y Leung: None Declared, K Novak: None Declared, C Seow: None Declared, X Gui: None Declared, S Urbanski: None Declared, P Minoo: None Declared, B Lethebe: None Declared, M Lowerison: None Declared, S Ghosh: None Declared

Results of a Standardized Endoscopic Approach to Resection of Polyps >20 mm

Results of a Standardized Endoscopic Approach to Resection of Polyps >20 mm

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma - precursor lesions and early diagnosis

Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) carries a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. Early detection is highly desirable, since surgical and endoscopic resection offers the only possible cure for esophageal cancer. Population screening should be undertaken in high risk areas, and in low or moderate risk areas for people with risk factors (alcoholics, smokers, mate drinkers, history of head and neck cancer, achalasia and lye stricture of the esophagus). Esophageal balloon cytology is an easy and inexpensive sampling technique, but the current methods are insufficient for primary screening due to sampling errors. Conventional endoscopy with biopsy remains the standard procedure for the identification of pre-malignant and early malignant changes in esophageal mucosa and endoscopic detection. It may be enhanced by several techniques such as dye and optic chromoendoscopy, magnifying endoscopy, and optical-based spectroscopic and imaging modalities. Since more than 80% of SCCE deaths occur in developing countries, where expensive techniques such as narrow band imaging (NBI) and autofluorescence imaging are unavailable, the most cost-effective tool for targeting biopsies may be Lugol dye chromoendoscopy, since it is easy, accurate, inexpensive and available worldwide. In ideal conditions, or in developed countries, is it reasonable to think that optimal detection will require a combination of techniques, such as the combination of Lugol's chromoendoscopy and NBI to identify esophageal areas that require further characterization by a high resolution technique. The efficacy and cost-effectiveness will determine whether these modalities will become part of standard endoscopy practice.

Lugol's Dye Spray Chromoendoscopy Establishes Early Diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer in Patients with Primary Head and Neck Cancer

Patients with primary head and neck cancer show a predisposition to develop esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate in these patients: the prevalence of esophageal cancer comparing the value of chromoendoscopy using Lugol's solution examination to standard endoscopy, in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Prospective observational study at a state general university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. 326 consecutive adult patients with primary head and neck cancer were evaluated. A standard endoscopy was performed, followed by a 2% Lugol's dye spray chromoendoscopy and histopathologic study. The prevalence of esophageal cancer was defined. The results of the two endoscopic methods were compared. Twenty-four patients with esophageal cancer and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia were detected and had a prevalence of 7.36%. Chromoendoscopy and standard endoscopy were equivalent to the diagnosis of advanced and invasive esophageal cancer. However, standard endoscopy diagnosed 55% of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, in comparison to chromoendoscopy that detected 100%. Patients with primary head and neck cancer should be considered as high risks for the presence of esophageal cancer. Lugol's dye chromoendoscopy diagnosed high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, which went unnoticed with standard endoscopy. It permits a more exact detection of lesion boundaries and facilitates a more precise targeting of biopsy fragments.