Biomedical titanium alloy Ti-13Nb-13Zr-7Ag (TNZ-7Ag) has a low elastic modulus, but its antibacterial ability is still not satisfied. In this paper, a duplex aging treatment was applied to TNZ-7Ag alloy to improve the antibacterial properties, and the effects of the duplex aging on the microstructure, antibacterial properties and mechanical properties of TNZ-7Ag were studied, and the corrosion resistance and cytotoxicity were assessed. Microstructure observation indicated that the chemical component segregation appeared in the alloy matrix after the pre-aging at 350℃, and two types of martensite α" phases, namely primary α"M and secondary α"T, appeared in the solute-rich areas. During the subsequent aging at 600℃, α"T promoted the precipitation of Ti2Ag, which enhanced the antibacterial properties. In the solute-poor areas, the spherical α phase precipitated, which significantly improved the ratio of strength-to-modulus. Finally, TNZ-7Ag treated by a duplex aging treatment of 350 ℃/2h+600 ℃/2h exhibited an antibacterial rate of 99.9% and the ratio of strength-to-modulus of 18.59.