Duality Of Structure Research Articles

THSR wave function and non-localized clustering

The main ideas to construct the THSR wave function are given, and the relation to other approaches such as the Brink-type cluster wave function approach is shown. The effect of the Pauli-forbidden states on the inter-cluster potential is described by the orthogonality condition model. The duality of the cluster structure and shell-model structure for nuclei in the ground state and in excited states is discussed. Future work on nα\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$n \\alpha $$\\end{document} condensate states in more complex nuclei and the formation of cluster structures in excited nuclei is outlined.

Exploring Political Socialization through the Lens of Giddens' Structuration Theory

Socialization is a fundamental process for the dissemination and comprehension of ideas, essential for maintaining and strengthening societal structures. It involves the exchange of values, beliefs, and perspectives, ensuring that these ideas are understood and valued within a community. This process also integrates individuals into social groups, fostering familiarity and acceptance among members. This study explores political socialization through the lens of Anthony Giddens’ Structuration Theory, which emphasizes the duality of structure and agency. By examining the interplay between social structures and individual actions, this research aims to provide a deeper understanding of how political norms and practices are produced and reproduced. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method, specifically the Literature Study Method, to trace theoretical details and provide an analytical focus on political socialization and Structuration Theory. The findings highlight that political socialization is a complex process influenced by various agents such as family, education systems, media, and political institutions, which shape individuals' political identities and behaviors. Moreover, Giddens’ Structuration Theory elucidates that social structures both constrain and enable political actions, emphasizing the reciprocal relationship between individuals and their social contexts. This study contributes to our understanding of how political socialization mechanisms contribute to societal stability and change by elucidating how individuals navigate and negotiate political structures through their everyday practices and interactions.

Duality of command in teaching hospitals: exploring its impact on employee emotions and the mediating effect of role ambiguity

ABSTRACT The prime purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of duality of hierarchical structure on various employee related outcomes in teaching hospitals. Teaching hospitals in Pakistan are usually managed by professional – clinical and administrative hierarchies simultaneously. The study is seminal and novel because it explores how duality of command affect employees’ well-being within the context of teaching hospitals of under developed countries. A quantitative, explanatory, and cross-sectional study design was employed to conduct this study. Doctors, nurses and administrative staffs were randomly classified into three strata and data was collected from 430 respondents on an adopted questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested through inferential statistics including Structural Equation Modeling using SmartPLS. Our findings reveal that duality of command effect employees’ feelings of frustration, depression, overwhelm and burnout. Role ambiguity mediates the relationship between duality of command and employees’ emotional responses. The study contributes to the field by providing empirical evidence of the negative implications of duality of command on employees’ mental health and suggesting the need for redefining the hierarchy of these teaching hospitals. Additionally, it opens venues for further research in diverse cultural and organizational context, highlighting global importance of understanding organizational structure and its impact on employees’ well-being.

Theorizing reflexivity and transformative change in marine governance

ABSTRACT With multiple blue crises unfolding, momentum exists to develop and implement transformative marine governance approaches towards sustainable use of our oceans. Such approaches will only be transformative when they foster reflexive governance that questions and changes existing values and structures of power and governance. Yet, we lack understanding of how transformative marine governance change relates to reflexivity. This article takes an actor perspective and conceptualises reflexivity through three elements: (1) the trigger that leads to (2) processes of single, double and triple loop learning and reflection, and (3) the capacity to enact change. Building on the duality of structure and agency, we argue that reflexive actors are able to enact transformative change by changing their policy practices and the governance arrangements they are embedded in. These changes can in turn lead to political modernization, i.e. the structural transformation processes within the political domain of society. This will also result in changes across multiple governance arrangements. However, reflexivity is a process both enabled and constrained by existing power and governance structures, and does not happen automatically. We therefore conclude that reflexivity and transformation require deliberation, contestation and the capacity to learn and break through vested interest, discourses and power structures.

AGENT AND STRUCTURE RELATIONS IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS BASED ON HUMANIST AND RELIGIOUS VALUES AT THE PAMULANG UNIVERSITY IN SOUTH TANGERANG

Pamulang University (Unpam), one of the private universities in the South Tangerang area, is established to meet the needs of the community by providing its own uniqueness and receiving very good interest. The uniqueness meant by that is the history of its founding to provide higher education for all people, especially for those people mentioned, the increase and large quantity of registered students, the availability of classes for students with disabilities, adequate lecture facilities, affordable tuition fees, and no building costs. One of the successes that has been achieved to date is the contribution of lecturers in implementing the tridharma of higher education. This is where the lecturer acts as an agent, actor, or agency, as known in Anthony Giddens' structuration theory. As a form of routine that produces social practice, the lecturer's tridharma must reflect humanist and religious values, including in the communication process within the university. These two values are in accordance with those stated in the university's vision, namely, "To become a university ranked in the top 40 at the national level based on humanist and religious values by 2025." This article analyzes the relationship between agents and structures in the communication process based on humanist and religious values at a private university in South Tangerang. The research used a qualitative method with a critical theory paradigm and an interpretive phenomenological approach. The results show that Unpam is able to manage and strive to pursue its vision through the tridharma of higher education, with the contribution of lecturers who act as agents, actors, and agencies. The routine activities of agents form a duality of structure and are related by mutual influence and reciprocity (interplay) that reflect most of the implementation of both humanist and religious values. Forms of communication that are full of humanist values, such as when lecturers greet each other, provide non-differentiating classroom learning, and interact with students and the community in PkM activities, including coordinating work on research activities, Meanwhile, religiousness can be seen in the form of greeting words and sentences, praying before and after activities, religious attributes worn as characteristics, tolerance during worship, the formation of the Institute for Religious Studies, and also religious studies. On the other hand, the role of agents still needs to be optimized as gatekeepers and/or opinion leaders because, as educators, they provide role models, especially for students (predominantly from the marginalized and lower middle class) and also the general public. Meanwhile, the university needs to have an organizational culture to strengthen motivation for academics, direction, and foundation in behavior and attitudes, which can be taken from humanist and religious values, as well as the motto Sharing for the Country, alongside the implementation of a code of ethics, to help realize its vision in 2025

Actualizing societal membership in imaginary interaction: The "real construction of society" in the opening of current affairs TV discussion.

The wonder of modern mass-scale society has preoccupied sociological theorists for centuries. How does the whole live on and function? At the extreme of strong empirical traditions, conversation analysis focuses on studying the interactional organization of ongoing action and identities. My article puts these two inquiries together to explore the broader relevancies of situated talk and evidence the skillfulness of social actors in managing multi-scaled cultural memberships simultaneously. Approaching society as a processual accomplishment, this article investigates the instantiation of "societal membership" in a mundane institutional setting of broadcast television. The aim of the article is to experiment with how classical theoretical conceptualization can feed into methodological insight and how detailed empirical scrutiny can enrich our theoretical understanding of the mysteries of modern co-existence. This entails casting an analytic eye on the duality of structure and action. The article re-examines the structural scope of on-site interactional achievements. From an opposite angle, it highlights how integrative societal structures are made real and maintained in the art of interactional encounters. This two-way dynamic is exemplified by scrutinizing a fragment of a televised current affairs program. A set of theoretical key concepts is introduced to shed light on the societal orientations of participants in the opening talk of the program. The opening talk addresses an imaginary audience directly via the camera. It provides a view of the interactional methods used by journalists to invoke relevant identifications for the anticipated recipient at a distance. The encounter is imagined, yet instead of imagining a community in the reception, the analytic focus of the article is on actualizing society in the production of the talk. The spatially and temporally organized societal membership materializes in social relations and interdependencies, which are constituted through intersubjective interpretations, normative positionings, and interactional choices by intentional and knowledgeable actors in the routines of everyday life. The article reverse-engineers the relational framework of the deliberative public sphere enacted in mediated interaction as a collaborative scene of the democratic system. This is achieved by explicating the contextually embedded acts of societization taking place in a journalistically regulated field of participation by means of quasi-interactive public speech.

Analysis of Structural Theory in Economic and Social Tensions: Guatemala Country Case Study

One of the relevant issues in the field of studies into not-for-profit organizations is to understand the singular characteristics of this organizational phenomenon. In this work we have turned to the basis of the Structuration Theory for analyzing such organizatiosn. We propose that its contribution to the advance of knowledge in this field is its use of the concept of structural processes, prepared from work originally done by British sociologist, Anthony Giddens. The conceptual framework identiefis and analyses the ideas contained in the main theoretical perspectives found in academic works on Social Economics and not-for-profit organizations (NPO). This work makes a double contribution: by means of a case study, it offers empirical experience that takes a structuration analytical approach, and moves forward the discussion on singlaur characteristics of not-for-profit organizations as an organizational phenomenon, which increased during the last two decades of the XXth century. The concept of structuration processes allows for the analysis of organizational paradoxes and conflicts, taking the structure not as a stiac object that defines the restrictions to action or limits the scope of authority, but as an abstraction that reveals how the rules and resources oaf social system relate with each other in a process defined by Giddens as the duality of structure.

Allied health workforce development for participant-led services: structures for student placements in the National Disability Insurance Scheme

BackgroundHealth, disability, and community services are increasingly transitioning from government-led to participant-led funding models, which intend to increase choice and control for service users. Allied health practitioners, who provide many frontline services within the resultant marketised environment, must adjust their knowledge and skills to meet participants’ expectations. However, future workforce strategies to address allied health student capabilities to provide these services have received limited attention. This study explored shifting understandings and practices related to allied health student placements during the implementation of a participant-led funding model within the Australian disability sector: the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS).MethodsData for this study came from a two-year disability workforce project exploring allied health placements. Service providers, participants, university representatives, disability advocates and students participated in 48 interviews and two focus groups to provide perspectives on allied health workforce and student placements. The findings result from secondary deductive analysis undertaken following project completion that used Gidden’s (1984) Structuration Theory as a conceptual lens to identify structures and actions related to the marketised service environment that influenced how allied health student placements were undertaken.ResultsThe findings were organised using two Structuration concepts: knowledgeability, and duality of structure. These described how service providers, supervisors and students understood, legitimised and prioritised placement activities, and how these structures influenced and were influenced by the actions of stakeholders across NDIS settings, contexts and time. Initially, existing placement structures were not compatible with new structures emerging in the disrupted NDIS service environment. However, over time, and responding to new knowledgeability of service providers, supervisors and students, placement structures were identified, monitored and adjusted to reflect perspectives of all stakeholders.ConclusionsParticipant-led funding invoked structural changes in disability service provision that transformed how stakeholders understood placements and the role of students in service provision. Whilst there were new opportunities for placement, tensions were identified in how learning activities can be enacted within a marketised system in which resources are aligned to participant needs, and structures for workforce development and learning activities are less visible. Further conceptualisation of how student learning and workforce development activities can fit with contemporary funding models is necessary to meet participant, service provider and student needs.

Strategies to Improve Revenue Generation for Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation (Policy)

Like most Pakistani cities, Islamabad has a fragmented administration, weakening its revenue base and service delivery. This duality of structure was introduced through the Islamabad Capital Territory Local Government Act 2015, which led to creation of Metropolitan Corporation Islamabad (MCI) for the city’s governance, in line with the city management practiced around the world. 1 The fragmented administrative resulted in an MCI that is dependent on CDA and Federal Government for its finance.

The Body in History, Culture, and the Arts

The Body in History, Culture, and the Arts

A Framework for Transitioning to Virtual Classes During Life-Threatening Pandemics Like COVID-19

This research explains the benefits and challenges of virtual classes as experienced by university students during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The limited research on university students' experiences in virtual classrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted physical classes and forced educational institutions to blindly switch from physical classes to virtual classes, served as the inspiration for this study. The absence of a framework for smoothly transitioning from physical classes to virtual classes challenged this process. Furthermore, relatively few studies have been done on the empirical context of a developing nation with distinct social and economic circumstances, concerning university students' experiences of virtual classrooms during COVID-19. Thus a quantitative study using a single case study of a university in Southern Africa was guided by the duality of structure in Giddens Structuration Theory, which explains students' experiences by highlighting both positive aspects—such as flexibility, collaboration, accessibility, and availability of course materials—and negative aspects—such as high costs, boredom, and a lack of resources and training. Analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and the findings also showed how, during the COVID-19 epidemic, structures of dominance, signification, and legitimacy formed as a result of behaviors related to leadership, resources, empowerment, and adoption, which both facilitated and hampered the smooth transition to virtual classrooms. The paper concluded by proposing a framework for transitioning to virtual classes during life-threatening situations like the COVID-19 pandemic. Although not generalizable across all university contexts, these findings provide a foundation for understanding the university students’ experiences in virtual classes during COVID-19. These findings have both practical and theoretical implications since they both provide an explanation of experiences in virtual classes as well as propose a framework for guiding the process of moving away from physical classes towards virtual classes during life-threatening situations.

The agency-structure problem in peacebuilding: constructing a niche in the Korean conflict

The structural dynamics of the Korean conflict has evolved not only with the inter-Korean rivalry, but also the geopolitics of great power rivalries. The conflict structure was reinforced going through the Korean War and the Cold War. There have been several South Korean initiatives to build peace with North Korea in the post-Cold War era, however the peace process fluctuated due to the escalation of the US-North Korean conflict over the nuclear and missile development of North Korea, and the dispute over North Korea policy in the South Korean society. Building on the sociological understanding of ‘duality of structure’ and the biological insight of ‘niche construction’, this article demonstrates the South Korean potential, as a democratic state, to construct a niche space for its citizens’ peacebuilding with North Korea under the ongoing Korean conflict structure, as well as its limitations in protecting the space before scaling out the disruption of the conflict structure, when governments do not have a clear sense of agency about their policy due to the lack of consensus among its citizens.

Tensões dinâmicas no sistema orçamentário de empresa familiar e a dualidade da estrutura

ABSTRACT This article aimed to understand the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business based on the duality of structure perspective. The research on dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of family businesses is inconclusive. Dynamic tensions are explored in light of traditional theories, and few studies use Simons’ (1995) four levers of control. Moreover, the management control systems (MCSs) of family businesses have particularities that need to be explored. These particularities of family businesses provide different explanations for the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system. Duality of structure enables an understanding of the interaction between the structure and agents’ actions in the production and reproduction of the social order of a family business, within a context of dynamic tensions in the budgetary system. The research revealed the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business in one budgetary cycle. The findings are relevant since, based on a duality of structure perspective, they present indications that these dynamic tensions are associated with positive forces (belief and interactive control systems) in interaction with negative forces (boundary and diagnostic control systems). This is a single case study in a medium-sized family business engaged in the production and sale of foods. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents, and analyzed based on discursive textual analysis. The evidence suggests that the social order of the family business is produced and reproduced with the dynamic tensions that occur in the planning and control stages of the budgetary system. The study contributes to the literature on dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business by addressing what they are and how these tensions occur based on the duality of structure perspective. It contributes to practice, as it enables an understanding and better management of these tensions and the achievement of budgetary goals and objectives.

Opening the workaround black box: an organisational routines perspective

ABSTRACT Workarounds are adaptive processes occurring in a centralised system environment. As adaptations, they expose organisations to potential data issues, for example, data availability, data accuracy, and data leak. Hence organisations need to manage workaround, one way to achieve this is to classify them. However, classifying workarounds is challenging because they are unique and situational. This study aims to develop a workaround classification by leveraging the theory of organisational routines. By adopting the theory’s ontology, we emphasise the duality of structure (ostensive) and agency (performative). Next, we construct a truth table to progress our assumptions around workarounds. Our analysis shapes the statement of two organisational routines infused definitions of a workaround. This definition facilitates a new workaround typology based on organisational routines. By opening the black box, we can leverage a novel approach to classifying workarounds. This classification provides researchers with alternate building blocks for further theory development in workarounds.

“Define Yourself. . . #EXSTpride”: Exploring an Organizational Hashtag Through the Structurational Model of Identification

Recent studies have established a relationship between social media use and organizational identification, but scholars have yet to understand how communication through social media might foster individuals’ identification. To fill that gap, I use structuration theory to investigate the identification process by analyzing an organizational hashtag: #EXSTpride. Framed by three key elements of the structurational model of identification—duality of structure, situated activity, and regionalization of structures—this qualitative analysis of posts using #EXSTpride reveals the reciprocal relationship between identity (structure) and identification (system). I conclude by (a) theorizing organizational hashtags as house organs 2.0 and (b) proffering practical and discursive consciousness to the structurational model of identification.

Duality of Agency and Structure in Building Cultural Ecology: Case Study on Adiwiyata School Program in Malang, Indonesia

Duality of Agency and Structure in Building Cultural Ecology: Case Study on Adiwiyata School Program in Malang, Indonesia

Have your cake and eat it? Combining structure and agency in management research

This paper presents an explanatory logic and an empirical illustration of how Stones’ strong structuration theory, specifically the methodological brackets of agent's conduct and agent's context analysis can be applied within case study research. The value of strong structuration theory, and the methodological bracketing tool, is its proximity to empirical research and the provision of robust guidelines which enable researchers to resolve the methodological challenges of combining structure and agency within research designs. We demonstrate the application of methodological bracketing as a tool for analysing structure and agency interactions within management research. The contribution of the paper is its explication of strong structuration theory as a credible, flexible, and evolving research approach which is suitable for a range of research questions in the management domain. The explanatory logic of the duality of structure will appeal to researchers interested in exploring and developing novel theoretical insights and fresh perspectives from case study data.

Culture and Networks in Online Social Fields. Studying the Duality of Culture and Structure in Social Media through Bourdieu’s Theory and Social Network Analysis

This paper sets forth a theoretical and methodological framework to examine the interplay between networks and culture by considering how tastes and distinctive practices are conveyed via the use of social media, where online interactions occur among users and between these latter and online shared contents. Conceiving of social structure as networks of online connection among social media users, and of culture as networks of symbolic elements shared by them on these platforms, the paper contends that interactions in online fields can be analysed through both Bourdieusian theory and social network analysis (SNA). Methodological foundations of this perspective stem from a common ground lying in the so-called ‘cultural matrix approach’, by which the interplay between structure and culture can be formalized through conventional ‘people-by-choice’ data tables or through matrices representing affiliation networks, where actors are connected to each other thanks to the choices they share in terms of cultural products and practices, while these latter are connected through those actors who share them. Combining Bourdieu’s field theory and network theory, this proposal will be exemplified by discussing how the processes of content sharing and tie formation are at work on Facebook and Pinterest, this latter being key to this proposal for it permits social actors to classify cultural and symbolic content and to connect to each other mainly via such content.

Digital Transformations in Agri-Food Systems: Innovation Drivers and New Threats to Sustainable Rural Development

The paper proves that sweeping digital transformations are a global trend in agri-food development. Significantly improved economic efficiency, rational use of natural resources, operational exchange of relevant information, new markets, and economic opportunities under modern climate change are possible owing to digital transformations. It is grounded that the elimination of world hunger based on the provided internal food security and secured rural communities should be the primary goal of the digital innovations in agri-food systems within Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper states that along with the significant benefits of digital technologies, the great destructive impact on the overall societal development is possible due to the corporate monopolization of digital processes. Thus, there is the risk of the development of food systems, which are characterized by decreasing in the food supply, loss of biodiversity and rural livelihoods. Proposals to mitigate the threats of digitalization, strengthen internal food security and enhance the development of rural communities through information and communication technologies (ICT) are substantiated. The specific of the agri-food digitalization in Ukraine is outlined, which is determined by the duality of the organizational structure of agriculture (corporate and individual sector) with a tendency to the concentration of land, power, and financial resources in favor of corporations expanding opportunities for digitalization. Appropriate safety measures to mitigate the negative impact on the development of small producers, rural areas, and Ukrainian society are identified.

Excluding Agency

Excluding Agency