Dual-polarized Microstrip Antenna Research Articles

Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna With Single-Dimension-Constraint Resonant Frequency

Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna With Single-Dimension-Constraint Resonant Frequency

High-Gain Dual-Polarization Microstrip Antenna Based on Transmission Focusing Metasurface.

In this paper, a single-feed microstrip antenna (MA) equipped with a transmission-mode focusing metasurface (MS) is proposed to achieve dual-polarization capabilities and superior high-gain radiation performance. The original-feed MA comprises two distinct layers of coaxial-fed tangential patches, enabling it to emit a circular polarization (CP) wave with a gain of 3.5 dBic at 5.6 GHz and linear polarization (LP) radiation with a gain of 4 dBi at 13.7 GHz. To improve the performance of the single-feed MA, a dual-polarization transmission focusing MS is proposed and numerically substantiated. By positioning the originally designed MA at the focal point of the MS, we create a transmission-mode MS antenna system capable of achieving CP and LP radiations with the significantly higher gains of 12.9 dBic and 14.8 dBi at 5.6 GHz and 13.7 GHz, respectively. Measurements conducted on the fabricated dual-polarization focusing MS antenna closely align with the simulation results, validating the effectiveness of our approach. This work underscores the significant potential of dual-polarization high-speed data systems and offers a practical solution for enhancing antenna gains in contemporary wireless communication systems.

Battery-Free Wireless Light-Sensing Tag Based on a Long-Range Dual-Port Dual-Polarized RFID Platform.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) represents an emerging platform for passive RF-powered wireless sensing. Differential Multi-port RFID systems are widely used to enable multiple independent measurands to be gathered, or to overcome channel variations. This paper presents a dual-port/dual-integrated circuit (IC) RFID sensing tag based on a shared aperture dual-polarized microstrip antenna. The tag can be loaded with different sensors where the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of one IC is modulated using a sensor, and the other acts as a measurand-insensitive reference, for differential sensing. The 868 MHz tag maintains a minimum unloaded read range of 14 m insensitive to deployment on metals or lossy objects, which represents the longest reported range of a multi-port RFID sensing tag. The tag is loaded with a light-dependent resistor (LDR) to demonstrate its functionality as a battery-less wireless RFID light sensor. Following detailed RF characterization of the LDR, it is shown that the impedance, and consequently the RSSI, of the sensing tag are modulated by changing the light intensity, whereas the reference port maintains a mostly unchanged response for a correlated channel. The proposed tag shows the potential for channel variations-tolerant differential RFID sensing platforms based on polarization-diversity antennas.

Improvement of Port-to-Port Isolation Characteristics of a Linearly Dual-Polarized Dual-Band and Wideband Multi-Ring Microstrip Antenna Fed by Two L-Probes with a Via

Improvement of Port-to-Port Isolation Characteristics of a Linearly Dual-Polarized Dual-Band and Wideband Multi-Ring Microstrip Antenna Fed by Two L-Probes with a Via

Design and performance analysis of a compact, wideband dual polarized antenna for WLAN & WiMAX applications

Abstract Dual polarization is achieved by putting a rectangular or circular patch in between two orthogonal gaps. At the beginning a single-polarized patch is considered. Then by using anequivalent circuit, the impedance matching property of the gap is being configured. After optimization of the length of the patch and width of the gap, a dual polarized antenna is being considered. Here in this article we projected a new technique to design dual polarized microstrip antenna for WLAN, WiMAX, wireless applications using circular patch. By combining all resonant modes we have finally achieved a wide operating bandwidth. Experimental result of the projected antenna shows the operating bandwidth of 21.56% (5.24–6.37 GHz) for (differential mode S-parameter) S dd11 ≤ −10 dB with a high port isolation of 40 dB and a relative gain of 13.5 dBi is achieved. From the result analysis this antenna finds its applications for various WLAN and Wi-MAX frequency band.

A Novel Low Axis Ratio Double-Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna

This article presents a dual circular polarization (CP) microstrip antenna, emitting electromagnetic waves above and below the substrate, which is fed by the double L-probe. Selecting the L-probe feed increases the bandwidth of the antenna, and different probes control the rotation of CP. The antenna could radiate two polarized waves of the same amplitude and vertical through two square radiation patches; meanwhile, adjusting the phase difference between both waves to 90° will produce a CP wave in the far-field. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna is in 4.3–4.8 GHz band with S11<−10 dB, S22<−10 dB, and AR<3 dB. Furthermore, a lower axis ratio could be obtained in this work compared with similar antennas of the same type.

Cavity model analysis of dual polarized microstrip antennas for wireless body area network application

Cavity model analysis of dual polarized microstrip antennas for wireless body area network application

Design and Analysis of Novel Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Communication

At present, the microwave frequency band bandwidth used for mobile communication is only 600 MHz. In 2020, the 5G mobile Communication required about 1 GHz of bandwidth, so people need to tap new spectrum resources to meet the development needs of mobile Internet traffic that will increase by 1,000 times in the next 10 years. Utilize the potentially large bandwidth (30∼300 GHz) of the millimeter wave frequency band to provide higher data rates is regarded as the potential development trend of the future wireless communication technology. A microstrip patch implementation approach based on electromagnetic coupling feeding is presented to increase the bandwidth of a dual-polarized millimeter-wave antenna. To extend the antenna unit's impedance bandwidth, coplanar parasitic patches and spatial parallel parasitic patches are used, and a 22 sub-array antenna is developed using paired inverse feed technology. The standing wave at the centre frequency of 37.5 GHz is less than 2 GHz. The antenna array's relative bandwidth is 6.13 percent, the isolation is >30 dB, the cross-polarization is −23.6 dB, and the gain is 11.5 dBi, according to the norm. The proposed dual-polarized microstrip antenna has the characteristics of wide frequency bandwidth, large port isolation, low cross-polarization, and high gain. The antenna performance meets the general engineering requirements of millimeter-wave dual-polarized antennas.

Dual‐polarized stacked microstrip antenna with trident‐shaped baluns for MIMO array development

Owing to the high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) and high isolation characteristics, differential excitation is often employed in dual-polarized microstrip antennas. However, the number of excitation ports will be doubled, and the power dividers in the differential circuit will introduce additional loss, the differential excitation scheme is thus not suitable for dual-polarized large-scale MIMO antenna arrays. In this work, a novel dual-polarized stacked microstrip antenna with trident-shaped baluns is proposed for base station MIMO array development. The trident-shaped balun is proposed to replace the traditional differential excitation structures, while keeping the merits of high XPD and high isolation. The proposed antenna operates in the frequency band of 3.3-3.8 GHz. The profile height of the antenna is only 0.09λ0 (λ0 is the free-space wavelength at the central frequency), which is much lower than traditional base station antennas (0.25λ0) in the sub-6 GHz band. Moreover, a defective ground structure is implemented in a 2 × 2 MIMO antenna array to efficiently suppress the mutual coupling among antenna elements. Both simulated and measured results validate the design. Owing to its low-profile height and low mutual coupling characteristic, the proposed design is a good candidate for sub-6 GHz band base station MIMO array developments.

Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna Array Using Double-Layer Gridded Patches for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

This article presents a dual-band and dual-polarized microstrip antenna array with broadside beam scanning ability for millimeter-wave applications. Within a compact multilayer structure, wide bandwidth and high port isolation are achieved by using double-layer gridded patches with three groups of metallic via-fences. For beam scanning purpose, a prototype of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> array is designed, fabricated, and tested. The experimental results agree well with the simulations. For both orthogonal polarizations, the &#x2212;10 dB bandwidth covers 23.3&#x2013;31.7 and 42.5&#x2013;46.5 GHz with average gains of 12 and 13.1 dBi, respectively. A 3 dB beam scanning angle from &#x2212;51&#x00B0; to 43&#x00B0; at 27 GHz and &#x2212;28&#x00B0; to 30&#x00B0; at 45 GHz is obtained. The proposed array provides dual-band and wideband properties for dual orthogonal polarizations with competitive beam steering range and compact dimensions, as a feasible solution for fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave mobile communications.

A High Isolation Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna for Sub-6 GHz Base Station

A dual-polarized microstrip antenna with high isolation for Sub-6 GHz (3.4- 3.6 GHz) base station application is presented in this letter. To increase isolation between two feed ports, the stacked patches are excited by double orthogonal open-ended feed lines. The proposed antenna is simulated by HFSS18.0. The simulation results show that the isolation is better than 50 dB over the whole bandwidth from 3.23 to 3.85 GHz with the cross-polarization levels less than - 30 dB when the gains are higher than 7.64 dBi for dual polarization. It’s valuable for this design method to devise mobile communication system base station antenna used in Sub-6 GHz of China Unicom and China Telecom.

Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas With Capacitive via Fence for Wide Beamwidth and High Isolation

A dual-polarized microstrip antenna loaded with capacitive via fence is proposed for compact size, wide beamwidth, and high isolation. By exploring a capacitive blind-via fence near the radiating apertures, the field is concentrated between the fence and ground, achieving obvious dimension miniaturization and wide beamwidth for regular dual-polarized microstrip antennas. The proposed blind-via fence is constituted by four rows of metallic wires with subwavelength diameter, period, and gap to the ground. Thanks to the field concentration brought by the blind-via fence, high isolation is realized by suppressing the radiation from the feeding probes, similar to two disk-loaded monopole antennas, and forcing the fundamental mode of the patch. To validate the proposed concept, a prototype is fabricated and characterized with the size of 0.19 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.19 λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.07λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> (λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is the free-space wavelength at the center frequency). The simulated and measured results agree well, with wide half-power beamwidth of 107° and 105° in the Eand H-planes, respectively. Meanwhile, the port isolation is higher than 32 dB within the operating bandwidth of 2.48-2.56 GHz. The proposed antenna is with the merits of compact size, wide beamwidth, and high isolation, exhibiting potential usage in diversity or multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems with wide-coverage applications.

Multifunctional Scattering Antenna Array Design for Orbital Angular Momentum Vortex Wave and RCS Reduction

In this paper, a multifunctional scattering antenna array has been proposed to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex scattering wave and meanwhile reduce antenna radar cross section (RCS). Theoretical analysis for integration of the RCS reduction and the OAM wave is given, and a circular antenna array composed of a dual polarized microstrip antenna and a tunable connection line network is designed. By adjusting the ON/OFF state of the PIN diodes embedded in the connection line network, the OAM scattering waves with the modes of $l=1$ and $l=2$ are independently generated, and accordingly in-band RCS reduction of a circular patch antenna with an increase of the antenna gain over 2 dB is achieved. A multifunctional prototype antenna array is fabricated and measured. Simulated and measured results demonstrate -10dB RCS reduction and the OAM scattering waves with the tunable modes in the frequency band of 9.37~9.8 GHz.

Cross-Polarization Suppression of a Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna Using Enclosed Substrate-Integrated Cavities

An enclosed substrate-integrated cavities (ESICs) backed dual-polarized (DP) array with suppressed cross polarization for an X-band radar is investigated. Initially, stacked patches and cross aperture-coupled technique are utilized to achieve a wideband impedance matching and a DP operation. Additionally, a couple of multistage corporate feed networks based on the pairwise anti-phase feed technique are employed to suppress cross polarization over the operating band. Finally, five ESICs are inserted into the array to further suppress the cross polarization. A prototype of array is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the DP array yields fractional bandwidths (VSWR ≤ 2) of 29.89% for Port H and 30.73% for Port V. The cross-polarization levels are better than –42 dB for V-pol and –44 dB for H-pol at 9.6 GHz, and the isolation between two ports remains above 39 dB over the whole operating bandwidth.

High gain dual-polarised pentagonal microstrip antenna for wireless communications

In this paper we propose a dual polarised pentagonal microstrip antenna for massive MIMO-base station to operate at 2.4 GHz WLAN band (IEEE 802.11 b/g/n/ax). The various researchers have used antenna array with different feeds for the massive MIMO BS to obtain the desired gain with required impedance bandwidth. However, this proposed work contradicts with existing method by using a single novel radiating element with suspended substrate to achieve the desired gain and required impedance bandwidth. The circular polarisation is achieved by using two coaxial-probe feeds. The main focus of research is on the selection of proper shape of the radiating element for Massive MIMO BS. The proposed antenna is successfully simulated using HFSS 13.0, fabricated on a FR-4 substrate and measured. The proposed antenna exhibits a much higher gain of 6.17 dB, improved impedance bandwidth of 171.9 MHz (return loss, S11=−10 dB), the axial ratio (AR) is 1.78 dB (< 3 dB), the patch area of 1,775 mm2, and also yields return loss better than −15 dB around the centre frequency of 2.45 GHz. The measured characteristics of the antenna are in good agreement with the simulated results.

Dual Linearly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Using a Slot-Loaded TM50 Mode

We present a high-gain, low-profile dual-polarized microstrip antenna operating in the hybridized higher order mode. The proposed antenna consists of a slot-loaded cross-shaped patch, which can be considered as orthogonally polarized radiating elements operated in the TM50 mode. Moreover, the four loaded slots can effectively excite the in-phase TM10 mode such that the superposition of both modes can lead to gain enhancement in the broadside direction, with suppressed sidelobes. The proposed antenna requires only a single-dielectric layer and a simple feeding method, while exhibiting good isolation between the two polarizations. We have developed a prototype, which has a total size of only 1.65 λ0 × 1.65 λ0 × 0.04 λ0 (λ0 is the free-space wavelength at the center frequency) and a measured maximum gain of 10.9 dBi. This dual-polarized microstrip antenna with the advantages of high gain, low profile, low cost, and good isolation, is envisioned to benefit many multiple-input, multiple-output and the fifth generation (5G) communication systems.

Design of Compact Dual Band Circular Polarized Micro-strip Antenna for High Efficiency WLAN 802.11ax-2019

Design of antennas for the latest upcoming standards of WLANs is considered as a key challenge in the science of Mobile Communication Engineering. Micro strip antennas are supposed to have some quality features in mobile and wireless network systems. Their weight and size are reduced and they are capable of having low power capacity. All these interesting features enabled these type of antennas suitable for the communication of IEEE 802.11ax-2019 high speed WLANs. Shape of these antennas can be designed in an efficient manner to achieve required gain and bandwidth. In this paper the concept of circular polarization has been introduced along with compact design of antennas in order to achieve return loss and axial ratio of less than -10 dB and 3dB respectively. Antenna has been designed and simulated on CST MW studio software and usage of dual bands 2.4 and 5.2GHz having circular polarization is properly elucidated for 802.11ax-2019.

Design of Compact Dual Band Circular Polarized Micro-strip Antenna for High Efficiency WLAN 802.11ax-2019

Design of Compact Dual Band Circular Polarized Micro-strip Antenna for High Efficiency WLAN 802.11ax-2019

Design, fabrication, and test of a novel broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna for WLAN applications

AbstractA dual-polarized dual-layer wideband microstrip antenna is presented. Dual orthogonal linear polarization and enhanced isolation between two ports are achieved by employing two radiating patches perpendicular to each other and printed on two separate substrates. Broadband behavior of the antenna is realized by using two wideband double-sided printed strip dipole and angular ring as radiating patches along with wideband baluns as feeding system. The patches are connected to baluns with two separate twin-lead transmission lines. Moreover, to improve the impedance bandwidth of the strip dipole significantly, a diamond-shape parasitic patch is artily incorporated into the top side of the upper layer of the antenna. The proposed antenna can easily be employed in large-scale arrays thanks to the feeding system of the patches. A prototype is fabricated to verify the simulation results where the measurement results show the −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 40% (4.3–6.5 GHz) and 43% (4.2–6.5 GHz) at port #1 and port #2, respectively. Besides, the isolation between two ports and the radiation gain are obtained around 35 dB and 9 dBi, respectively, which are useful for WLAN applications.

Dual-polarized lens antenna based on multimode metasurfaces**Project supported by the Open Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, China (Grant No. K201926), the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, China, and the Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Scientific Foundation, China (Grant No. NY215137).

We propose a dual-polarized lens antenna system based on isotropic metasurfaces for 12 GHz applications. The metasurface lens is composed of subwavelength unit cells (0.24λ0) with metallic strips etched on the top and bottom sides of the unit cell, and a cross-slots metallic layer in the middle that serves as the ground. The multimode resonance in the unit cell can realize a large phase shift (covering 0°–360°), and the total transmission efficiency of the lens is above 80%. The feed antenna at the focal point of the lens is a broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna. Both the simulated and the measured results demonstrate that the dual-polarized lens antenna system can realize a gain of more than 16.1 dB, and an input port isolation of more than 25.0 dB.