Dual-polarized Base Station Antenna Research Articles

Ultra-wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Design Applied to n77/n78/n79 Bands

Ultra-wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Design Applied to n77/n78/n79 Bands

Wide-Angle Scanning and High Isolation Dual-Polarized Base Station Antennas for Sub-6 GHz Applications

This paper presents a wide-angle scanning and high isolation base station antenna array. The antenna element employs a compact dual-polarized umbrella-shaped printed dipole with a small size of 0.23λ0 × 0.23λ0 × 0.26λ0, which provides the possibility for a small element spacing array. The antenna element possesses wide 3 dB beamwidth of 84.6∘ benefiting from the pulling down of the dipole arms. Then, a dual-layer metal superstrate structure and metal wall is adopted to mitigate different kinds of mutual coupling between the dual-polarized antenna elements in the array. Owing to the wide beamwidth of the element and the low mutual coupling between the elements, the final 4×6 antenna array can achieve a good beam-scanning capability with maximum scanning angle up to ±55∘ and a small gain variation of less than 3 dB over the operation band 3.3-3.8 GHz. The fabricated array shows the measured isolation between all ports of the antennas is increased to more than 20 dB. Scanning characteristics also agree well with the simulated results. With the merits of wideband, low-cost (simple design and easy fabrication), wide-angle beam-scanning capacity, and good radiation performance, the proposed design has potential for application in 5G base stationsystems.

A High Isolation Dual-polarized Base Station Antenna with Wideband Differential Feed

A High Isolation Dual-polarized Base Station Antenna with Wideband Differential Feed

Design of tri-band dual-polarized base station antenna for 2G/3G/4G/5G

Design of tri-band dual-polarized base station antenna for 2G/3G/4G/5G

Miniaturized broadband upward-folded dipole for base station applications

This paper proposes a compact and broadband dual-polarized base station antenna based on current path extension for 2G/3G/LTE base stations. The antenna is miniaturized by bending the end of the radiator to extend the current path. By bending the antenna, a new resonant mode is introduced to increase the bandwidth. In addition, a parasitic patch is placed above the antenna to improve impedance matching, and the introduction of artificial magnetic conductors reduces the profile of the antenna and significantly improves the radiation characteristics. The antenna radiator has a compact size of only 0.207×0.207λL2 at the lowest frequency with a total profile of 0.136 λL. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna has a substantial bandwidth of 45.5% and more than 34 dB of high port isolation with a gain of 7.9 ± 0.5 dBi.

A Wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna With Heat Dissipation Function Based on PIN Structure

A Wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna With Heat Dissipation Function Based on PIN Structure

A Miniaturized Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Loaded With Duplex Baluns

A novel miniaturized dual-band and dual-polarized base station antenna loaded with duplex baluns is proposed in this letter. The duplex balun consists of a lower-band filter structure (LFS) and an upper-band filter structure (UFS). The LFS contains a stepped-impedance filter, an open-circuited stub, and an impedance matching section. The UFS contains a highpass filter and an impedance matching section. The proposed antenna has two independent current paths, which enables it to operate in dual bands, and the two paths are bent to achieve its small overall size. By miniaturizing the antenna and loading LFS&UFS, the operating bands of 1.71-2.17 GHz and 3.22-3.7 GHz, the compact size of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.24 \times 0.24 \times 0.18\lambda _{LL}^3$</tex-math></inline-formula> (λ <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">_LL</i> is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of the lower band), the lower coupling coefficients(<-20dB), the normal in-band radiation characteristics, and good out-of-band suppression characteristics(>20dB at the lower-band ports as well as >23dB at the upper-band ports) are obtained. It represents an excellent scheme for 5G applications.

Compact Dual-Band and Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna With Shared-Dipole Elements

In this letter, a compact dual-band and dual-polarized base station antenna with the LB and HB shared-dipole elements is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a low band (LB) element and a high band (HB) element with an embedded structure. By sharing the arms of the LB antenna dipoles, the antenna planar size is miniaturized greatly. To reduce the mutual effect between the LB and HB antenna elements, the slots on the LB arms are introduced, resulting in baffles on the four sides. And then, the baffles can also be optimized to stabilize the radiation patterns of the HB antenna. The antenna prototype is fabricated and measured for verification. Results show that the antenna can achieve fractional bandwidths of 40.2 % for the LB element and 45.5 % for the HB element while the in-band return losses are better than 15 dB, covering the frequency range 0.69-1.02 GHz and 1.70-2.71 GHz for 2G/3G/4G applications. Meanwhile, the measured port isolations are larger than 33 dB and 38 dB for the LB and HB elements, respectively.

Sparse Antenna Array With Flat-Top and Sharp Cutoff Radiation Patterns

A sparse antenna array with flat-top and sharp cut-off radiation patterns is presented in this work. The array consists of sixteen antenna elements, which is realized by applying a symmetrical sparse configuration with uniform excitation phase. This configuration simplifies the excitations of the array while maintaining excellent radiation performance. The dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna based on the proposed sparse antenna arrays in the bands of 1.71 GHz ~ 2.17 GHz and 2.30 GHz ~ 2.69 GHz is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in very good agreement with the predicted ones, showing that the port reflection coefficient is less than -15.0 dB, and the isolation is greater than 28.5 dB. In addition, the array has a gain of 10.1 to 12.3 dB, a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 45° ± 5° in both the horizontal and vertical planes, a cut-off transition of less than 17.4° from -3 dB to -20 dB between the main beam and the sidelobe area, and a sidelobe level suppressed to below -21.1 dB. Apart from the good radiation performance, the proposed sparse antenna array has a compact size with very few antenna elements, which is very suitable for communication in a crowded scene.

Dual-Band Shared-Aperture Base Station Antenna Array Based on 3-D Chokes

A novel structure for suppressing cross-band scattering interference in dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna arrays has been proposed. To alleviate the radiation pattern distortion of the high-band (HB) element caused by the low-band (LB) element, the LB radiator was loaded with 3-D chokes to suppress its scattering in the HB. In addition, when the LB element is excited, the resonance interference of the HB element to the LB element can be solved by the method of path extension. The array structure is composed of an LB element operating at 0.69–0.96 GHz (| <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> | < −14 dB) and two columns of HB elements operating at 1.7–2.7 GHz. The simulation and experimental results of the array show that the loading of the 3-D chokes effectively suppresses the scattering interference in the LB element and restores the radiation patterns of the HB subarray, proving the effectiveness of this novel structure.

Dual-Broadband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Array With Stable Radiation Pattern

This letter presents an interleaved dual-broadband dual-polarized base station antenna array consisting of a lower-band element and two upper-band subarrays. L-shaped strips are loaded in the lower-band radiator to reduce its scattering effect on the upper-band radiation. Cross-dipoles fed by coupling technique are innovated for the upper-band radiator to achieve wide bandwidth. In addition, unshorted baluns are proposed to reduce the detrimental effect of the induced current on the radiation performance between the two bands. The lower- and upper-bands range from 660–970 MHz and 1.6–2.9 GHz, corresponding to 38% and 57.8% bandwidths, respectively. Very stable radiation patterns, wide bandwidths, and good port isolations are achieved for both bands.

Ultra-Wideband Dual-Polarized Base-Station Antenna With Stable Radiation Pattern

This communication presents an ultrawideband dual-polarized antenna consisting of a main radiator, parasitic elements, and a ground plane. The main radiator is composed of two pairs of dual dipoles, which are cross-arranged and fed by coplanar-strip lines in order to achieve <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm \mathrm{45}^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dual-polarization within a wide frequency band. Parasitic elements, including a circular patch and four pairs of dipole strips, are employed for improving the radiation performance in high frequencies, which is very essential for stabilizing the radiation pattern over the entire bandwidth. The proposed antenna can cover the frequency range from 1.7 to 5.1 GHz for both polarizations, corresponding to an ultrawide bandwidth of 100%. The gain and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) are very stable within the entire bandwidth, which are <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8.2~\pm ~0.7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dBi and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathrm{65}^{\circ }\pm \mathrm{5}^{\circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , respectively. The measured results agree well with simulated ones, indicating that the proposed antenna is a very promising candidate for the future base-station communication system.

A Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Array With Isolation Enhancement

A Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Array With Isolation Enhancement

Artificial magnetic conductor‐backed dual‐band shared‐aperture antenna array for base station applications

A low-profile dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna array is proposed. The dual-band array is backed by an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface. The AMC achieves profile reduction to 0.159 λL0 in the low band (LB), but it acts as a bandpass metasurface in the high band (HB). The nested design of AMC unit cell creates two out-of-phase induced currents with lower intensities, enabling suppression and cancelation of HB scattered fields. The back cavities establish clear and independent radiating environments for the LB and HB antennas. They aid in further radiation pattern restoration and antenna profile reduction. The proposed antenna array was fabricated and experimentally measured. The simulated and measured results are presented. The operating principles of the proposed AMC and back cavities are also investigated.

A Compact Wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Using Asymmetric Dipole

A compact wideband dual-polarized antenna for base station application is proposed. The antenna element consists of a main radiator, two baluns, and a reflector. Two methods are used to enhance bandwidth and improve the port-to-port isolation. Firstly, by integrating the parasitic elements to traditional dipoles, new resonant modes are introduced to realize broadband, which can be controlled flexibly. Subsequently, part of the parasitic elements is removed to form asymmetric dipoles. Due to the asymmetry construction of the design, the polarization isolation of the antenna achieves more than 30 dB in the whole working band with stable radiation patterns. In addition, the specially designed parasitic elements achieve enhanced bandwidth without increasing the size of the radiator. The Simulation and measurement results show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 32.7&#x0025; (690-960 MHz). Moreover, a stable half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 68&#x00B0;&#x00B1;5&#x00B0; and a high gain of 8.5&#x00B1;0.3 dBi is achieved. To verify the performance of the antenna, a compact high-gain base station array was designed and manufactured. The good performance of the proposed antenna makes it a promising candidate for 4G/5G base station application.

A Low-Profile Broadband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna Array With Well-Suppressed Cross-Polarization

Next-generation wireless communication requires antennas with excellent performance and low-profile structures. A low-profile broadband dual-polarized base station antenna array with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector and cross-polarization suppression structures is proposed. Cross-polarization is effectively suppressed by introducing the structures among the antenna elements with almost no impact on the other antenna performances, and the cross-polarization suppression mechanism is analyzed theoretically. The AMC reflector reduces the antenna profile only <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.12\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at 4 GHz). Prototypes of the antenna element and the five-element antenna array are fabricated, and the simulated and measured results indicate that both achieve good performance over the entire operating frequency band. The antenna array has high isolation (>28 dB), a wide operating bandwidth (3.14–5.32 GHz, 51.5%), and stable radiation performances (XPD >29 dB, gain >15 dBi, FBR >37 dB). The proposed antenna array with good performance and a low profile may be a candidate for 5G communication applications.

Coplanar Dual-Band Base Station Antenna Array Using Concept of Cavity-Backed Antennas

In this article, we propose a novel reflector-back cavity-low-band (LB)/high-band (HB) configuration for the dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna array design. The HB antennas are embedded in the opening sections of the loop radiating arms of the LB antennas. Clear and independent radiating environments are fulfilled by using two different types of reflectors (large planar reflector and back cavity). The mutual effects between the LB and HB antennas help to acquire good impedance matching and stable radiation patterns. Loop-like LB radiators work as directors in the HB, thereby effectively suppressing the side and back radiations of the HB antennas. Dual-function open slots are loaded on the ground stubs of the LB baluns, serving as impedance transformer in the LB but filtering structures in the HB. The experimental results validate that the proposed antenna array successfully covers bandwidths of 0.69–0.96 and 3.3–3.8 GHz (VSWR < 1.5) for 4G/5G applications. The port isolations are higher than 38 and 25 dB in the LB and HB, respectively. With the two independent radiating environments formed in the two bands, both LB and HB antennas exhibit stable unidirectional radiation patterns. The antenna gains and HPBWs are also satisfactory in both bands.

A compact multimode broadband dual‐polarized base station antenna for LTE and 5G applications

A compact multimode broadband ±45° dual-polarized base station antenna for LTE and 5G applications is proposed. By introducing folded circular ring dipoles loaded with short wires into the stepped square ring dipoles to create a new resonance mode at high frequency to achieve the purpose of extending the bandwidth. Simulation and experiment show that the antenna can achieve a bandwidth of 55.9% (2.28-4.05 GHz) within the operating frequency (|S11| < −15 dB and |S21| < −25 dB), and the proposed antenna has a measured gain about 8.3 ± 0.9 dBi and a cross polarization ratio greater than 25 dB.

Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna With a Notch Band for 2/3/4/5G Communication Systems

This letter proposes a new design of a dual-band dual-polarized base station antenna with a notch band for second-generation (2G), 3G, 4G, and the sub-6 GHz 5G systems. The antenna is composed of a four-leaf loop radiator, two-layer parasitic annular disk and a pair of crossed Y-shaped baluns. By introducing mouse-ear shaped arm to the edge of each radiator, a dual-band operating characteristic and a notch band from 2.9–3.2 GHz are realized. The annular disks and gradient strips are beneficial for bandwidth enhancement. The measured results show that the proposed antenna offers two broad bands with the fractional bandwidth of 55.8% (1.55–2.75 GHz), and 14% (3.3–3.8 GHz) for voltage standing -wave ratio (VSWR) 30 dB. This design achieves stable gain of 7.1 ± 0.5 dB and half power beam width of 68 ± 5° during the working bands. These attractive features make the antenna an ideal candidate for 2G, 3G, 4G, and the sub-6 GHz 5G base station applications.

Broadband Dual-Polarized Loop Cross-Dipole Antenna for 5G Base Station Applications

A broadband dual-polarized base station antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna consists of loop cross-dipoles, Y-shaped coupling feeding lines, and a metal box reflector. An equivalent circuit model including a signal flow diagram is established to analyze the mechanism of the proposed antenna in detail. Moreover, the Y-shaped coupling feeding lines are introduced to control the coupling with the antenna to achieve broadband and good impedance matching. The prototype of the antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the antenna with simple structures can operate at the band of 3.2–5.22 GHz (48%) with high port-to-port isolation (35 dB) and stable gain (9 ± 1 dBi). The measured results show good agreement with simulated results, especially in cross-polarization discrimination ratio (&gt;27 dB) and the half power beam width (61° ± 3° at the E-plane, 68° ± 3° at the H-plane). In summary, the proposed antenna could be a good candidate for 5G sub-6 GHz base station applications.