Dual-polarized Patch Antenna Array Research Articles

Wideband, Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Fed by Novel, Differentially Fed Structure

In this article, a 1 × 4 wideband, dual-polarized patch antenna array fed by a novel, differentially fed structure is proposed. The differentially fed structure of the antenna was realized by a parallel line structure that was printed on a PCB and connected with the inner and outer conductors of a coaxial cable. This method elaborately solved the problem of the narrow bandwidth of conventional microstrip differential feeding. By using a relatively thick air substrate (thickness = 0.19 λ0), stacked patches, a coupling feeding structure, and a differential feeding structure with the novel design, the element of the patch antenna array introduced below operated from 0.415 GHz to 0.707 GHz (achieving the 52.0% bandwidth) with a VSWR < 2.0, yielding a high port isolation less than −28 dB. For the array, an active VSWR less than 2.0 was also obtained with a port isolation of less than −25 dB, ranging from 0.405 GHz to 0.696 GHz. In the desired bandwidth, the array had an azimuth 3 dB beamwidth of about 19° for both horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. The antenna array also had good performance in scanning (stable gain and 3 dB beamwidth) and circular polarization (a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth better than 54.5%).

A Low-Cost Compact Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array for 5G Massive MIMO Base Station

A Low-Cost Compact Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array for 5G Massive MIMO Base Station

Compact 2×2 Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Transmitting Eight Uncorrelated Waves for the WiFi-6E MIMO Access Point Featuring Eight Spatial Streams

Compact 2×2 Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Transmitting Eight Uncorrelated Waves for the WiFi-6E MIMO Access Point Featuring Eight Spatial Streams

Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Integrated with Capacitive Proximity Sensor for 5G Millimeter-Wave Smartphones

Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array Integrated with Capacitive Proximity Sensor for 5G Millimeter-Wave Smartphones

A Parasitic Decoupling Structure for Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Arrays

In this letter, a simple parasitic structure consisting of a microstrip L-section array and a microstrip U-section array is proposed for mutual coupling reduction of dual-polarization (DP) patch antenna array. The additional coupling paths are introduced by the structure in the co-horizontal polarization (CHP) and co-vertical polarization (CVP) directions of the array respectively to offset the original coupling signals. A prototype array with the center to center distance of 0.42 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda_0$</tex-math></inline-formula> is fabricated and measured for verification. The isolation between DP array with decoupling structure reaches to 37.5dB and 33.6dB on CHP and CVP at 4.3GHz and envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.004. The radiation gain of the antenna is almost not distorted while the total efficiency is increased from 84% to 91%. In comparison with other related works, our scheme has high isolation and high total efficiency with smaller space and lower profile.

A Simple Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna Array for Wi-Fi 6/6E Application

A simple, high gain, and dual-polarized patch antenna array for Wi-Fi 6/6E application is proposed in this communication. Different from the conventional feeding method, the patches are driven by coupling dipoles that are printed on the same board. The dipoles are specially designed to be T-shaped to adjust the impedance matching. Broadband covering both 5 and 6 GHz bands of Wi-Fi 6/6E is achieved. The feeding circuit is easily integrated on the board with only parallel dual line utilized. A prototype is fabricated and tested to validate the concept. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement. The measured bandwidth with <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11} &lt; -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB for two ports are 5.12–7.50 and 5.15–7.50 GHz with the isolation higher than 30 dB. Moreover, the measured gains are higher than 9.76 and 9.61 dBi for two ports over the operating band with a peak value of 12.05 dBi. The proposed antenna array shows great potential in the application of Wi-Fi mesh.

Dual polarized patch antenna array with improved isolation and gain for full-duplex wireless communications

Dual polarized patch antenna array with improved isolation and gain for full-duplex wireless communications

Design of π-Shaped Decoupling Network for Dual-Polarized Y-Probe Antenna Arrays

In this letter, a simple decoupling method is proposed to improve the isolation in a dual-polarized patch antenna array that operates in the frequency range of 3.4–3.8 GHz. The method includes the decoupling network based on the π-shaped architecture of the transmission line and matching network. The distance of the two adjacent antenna elements is 0.48 <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">λ</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> . The cross-polarization isolation of the antenna element using Y-probes and differential feeding is higher than 35 dB in the operating frequency band. The proposed scheme is able to deal with the decoupling requirement and obtains 37 dB isolation at 3.6 GHz, which shows a significant improvement compared with the original antenna array. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is suitable for multiple–input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems.

Planar dual‐polarized differentially fed multibeam patch antenna array

A design of planar dual-polarized differentially fed multibeam patch antenna array (DFMPAA) is presented in this article. The dual-polarized DFMPAA is composed of two circular 4 × 4 butler matrixs (BMs) and a 1 × 4 dual-polarized patch antenna array. The two BMs are designed in the top and bottom layer as the feeding network of horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP), respectively. The patch is designed as the radiation element of the dual-polarized DFMPAA, which is fed by the slot and aperture coupling to generate the HP and VP wave, respectively. To achieve high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD), the antenna element is fed differentially. A prototype working at 5.5 GHz is fabricated and measured in order to validate the performance of the proposed dual-polarized DFMPAA. The dimension of the dual-polarized DFMPAA is 3.8 λ0 × 1.7 λ0. Measured results show that when the beam scan to the maximal pointing angle, the XPD of the dual-polarized DFMPAA in HP and VP are higher than 27 and 29 dB, respectively. Additionally, the beams of the dual-polarized DFMPAA can cover the range of ±42° in horizontal plane.

Power Density Case Study for 5G mmWave Array Antennas

As 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless device involves some new technologies, such as beamforming, the radiofrequency (RF) exposure compliance test for the 5G mmWave wireless device is significantly complicated. In order to shorten the compliance period for 5G mmWave terminals, the relevant regulatory authorities recommend a combination of numerical simulation and measurements to demonstrate compliance. To verify the feasibility of this method, the RF exposure test conducted in this paper was a reverse procedure according to IEEE (the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) standards. First, actual measurements under various conditions, including different beam configurations, different test distances, different input power levels, different duty cycle, and nonpeak directions, were performed, and the changing trend of PD over testing conditions was analyzed. Then one dual-polarized patch antenna array was selected for simulation analysis. The feasibility of the method proposed in IEEE standards was proved through the comparison of the results experiment and numerical analysis.

A Transmission-Line-Based Decoupling Method for MIMO Antenna Arrays

A transmission-line-based decoupling technique for dual-polarized multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays is presented and analyzed. The proposed scheme enables well-canceled coupling for the adjacent elements under co-polarization, without degrading the isolation of the cross-polarized ports. First, a decoupling network based on the presented method for a $2 \times 2$ MIMO array is provided, along with a comprehensive design procedure. Calculations and simulations are operated to verify decoupling performance. For further verification, a $2 \times 2$ dual-polarized patch array with the proposed decoupling method is developed. The decoupling network characterizes low profile, compact size, and low insertion loss, which is realized in a single layer. Measurements denote that the isolations between the co-polarized elements are improved from 16 to 20 dB to over 30 dB after decoupling at the center frequency of 2.45 GHz. Subsequently, based on the proposed $2 \times 2$ decoupling method, a decoupling network for large-scale dual-polarized MIMO arrays is presented. A design example of a $4 \times 4$ dual-polarized patch antenna array is established. Full-wave simulations indicate that the isolations are enhanced to better than 30 dB with a small insertion loss of less than 0.45 dB and can widely be used for phased array and massive MIMO array systems.

Improving the Performance of Dual Linear Polarized Patch Antenna Array Using Split Ring Resonators

Improving the Performance of Dual Linear Polarized Patch Antenna Array Using Split Ring Resonators

Wideband Dual-Polarization Patch Antenna Array With Parallel Strip Line Balun Feeding

A wideband dual-polarization patch antenna array is proposed in this letter. The array is fed by a parallel strip line balun, which is adopted to generate 180° phase shift in a wide frequency range. In addition, this balun has simple structure, very small phase shift error, and good ports isolation. The working band of the antenna array is from 1.88 to 2.9 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 41.7%. The height of the antenna array is only $0.144\lambda $ , and the cross polarization is below $- \hbox{20 dB}$ . Two feeding ports are presented, which correspond to two orthogonal linear polarization. The isolation between the ports is higher than 30 dB. The simulation and measurement turns out to be similar. This antenna array can be used in TD-LTE base stations, and the design methods are also useful to other wideband microstrip antennas.