Drug Accuracy Research Articles

Evaluation of the Use of Anti-Diabetic Drugs in Outpatient Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang Regency in 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), including a disease in the form of metabolic disorders characterized by impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin production and insulin sensitivity, causing an increase in blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). This study aims to determine the use of antidiabetic drugs which include the right drug, the right dose, the right indication and the right frequency of administration in outpatient type II diabetes mellitus patients at Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang District in 2023. This study is a non-experimental research with a descriptive design retrospectively. The sample in this study is all outpatients with a diagnosis of type II diabetes mellitus at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang District in 2023. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample of this study is medical record data of patients with type II diabetes mellitus in 2023, which is adjusted to the inclusion criteria. The results of the study showed that of 87 samples consisting of 55 women and 32 men, all of which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and showed that the prevalence of age was more susceptible to be affected at the age of 46-55 years as many as 40 patients (45.98%). In the analysis of the accuracy of drug use, outpatient type II diabetes mellitus patients at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang regency in 2023 have an indication accuracy of 100%, 100% drug accuracy, 100% dose accuracy, and 100% accuracy frequency of drug administration.

Evaluation of the use of Antihypertensive Drugs in Outpatient Hypertension Patients at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang Regency in 2023

Hypertension is a complex condition in which blood pressure is permanently above normal. Hypertension is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than equal to 140 mmHg and diastolic more than equal to 90 mmHg. This study aims to identify how antihypertensive drugs are used in hypertensive patients at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang Regency. This study is a non-experimental research with a descriptive design taken retrospectively. The sample in this study is all outpatients with a diagnosis of hypertension at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital in 2023. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample of this study is medical record data on hypertension patients in 2023 which is adjusted to the inclusion criteria. The results of the study showed that from 83 samples consisting of 50 women and 33 men, all of which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and showed a prevalence of age that dominated around 58-65 years (49,40%). In the evaluation of drug use, outpatient hypertension patients at the Lasinrang Regional General Hospital, Pinrang Regency had an indication accuracy of 100%, 100% drug accuracy, and 100% dose accuracy.

Evaluation Evaluation of Treatment in Toddler Pneumonia Patients Based on Drug Accuracy and Accuracy of Dosage at Sukorame Kediri Health Center

Evaluation Evaluation of Treatment in Toddler Pneumonia Patients Based on Drug Accuracy and Accuracy of Dosage at Sukorame Kediri Health Center

Analysis of Drug Accuracy, Dosage and Drug Interactions in Comorbid Hypertension COVID-19 Patients at Hospital X in Central Java Period 2021

Treatment of COVID-19 comorbid hypertension involves many drugs with therapeutic risk of non-guidelines and potential drug interactions. Study aimed to determine the demographic characteristics, clinical degree, accuracy of drugs and doses and potential drug interactions. Study design was cross-sectional through retrospective data collection. Samples that meet the criteria obtained 70 samples. The results were 51.4% female sample, the highest age was 46-59 y.o (48.6%), the most degree of COVID-19 was moderate (61.4%), the highest degree of hypertension was grade 1 (48.6%) and the longest length of stay was >14 days (51.4%). The accuracy of COVID-19 therapy were 78.6% accurate drug, 21.4% inaccurate drug, and 100% accurate dose. The accuracy of antihypertensive were 82.9% accurate drug, 17.1% inaccurate drug, 95.7% accurate dose and 4.3% inaccurate dose. Samples with potential drug interactions were 97.1%, the highest number of potential drug interactions was 1-5 events (52.9%), based on severity 60.2% moderate, 20.1% minor, 13.2% major, and 6.5% unknown. Correlation test results sig. (p-value) 0.237. The conclusion showed that most samples were female, aged 46-59, moderate-grade COVID-19 patients with grade 1 hypertension, and length of stay >14 days. There is accuracy or inaccuracy of drugs and doses, potential drug interactions and there is no relationship between length of stay and potential drug interactions.

The Rationality of Antibiotic Prescription in Acute Upper Respiratory Infection Patients in Baun Puskesmas, Kupang Regency in 2020

Acute upper respiratory tract infection is an infectious disease caused by microorganisms, one of which is bacteria, so antibiotics are given. Rational use of antibiotics can provide benefits for recovery and does not provide harm that can cause problems or threats to the patient's health. Inappropriate administration of antibiotics can harm patients, one of which is antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the rationale for prescribing antibiotics in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections at the Baun Health Center, Kupang Regency, in 2020. This study was conducted using a descriptive non-experimental study with retrospective medical record data collection and guidelines from PERMENKES No. .5 of 2014 concerning Clinical Practice Guidelines for Doctors in Primary Health Care Facilities and KMK HK.02.02/MENKES/514/2015 concerning Clinical Practice Guidelines for Doctors in First Level Health Care Facilities to determine the accuracy of indications, drug accuracy, patient accuracy, and accuracy dose. The results showed 100% correct indication, 90.3% right drug, 100% right patient, 65% right dose, and 55.3% rational use of antibiotics. Keywords: Acute upper respiratory tract infection, antibiotics, rationality, right indication, right drug, right patient, right dose.

SEMINAR ON THE USE OF ANTIBIOTIC IN PEDIATRIC PATIENT DIAGNOSIS OF DIARRHEA IN HOSPITAL OF Drs. H. Amri Tambunan

Diarrhea is an infectious disease that can cause mortality in children under five and infants. One of the organisms that can cause diarrhea is bacteria. The bacteria that most often infect humans are Campylobacter bacteria, Salmonella bacteria, and Eschericia coli bacteria. Diarrhea can be characterized by the occurrence of bowel movements that are more fluid than usual with a frequency of more than three times in 24 hours. It is still found in the community that knowledge about the use of antibiotics for diarrhea patients is still minimal. Antibiotics are still often traded freely in pharmacies for conditions of digestive disorders, respiratory problems, and general conditions, so this seminar is very necessary to minimize these conditions. This seminar can provide information both to patients, health workers, and the public about the accuracy of treatment indications, patient accuracy, drug accuracy, dosage accuracy, timeliness of administration and accuracy of the way of administering treatment, which in this case is the use of antibiotics at the Hospital of Drs. H. Amri Tambunan 2022. This seminar was conducted based on retrospective medical record data and then analyzed descriptively using purposive sampling method. The result of this seminar is that the seminar participants understand and understand about the use of antibiotics for diarrhea conditions related to the accuracy of treatment indications, patient accuracy, drug accuracy, dosage accuracy, time of administration accuracy and accuracy of administration of antibiotics.

EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN GERIATRI RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD DR. A. DADI TJOKRODIPO

Hypertension is a condition in which systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Hypertension is often found in geriatrics that can affect the onslence of heart disease and blood vessels. Increased cases of hypertension, the rational use of drugs by hypertensive patients is one of the important elements in achieving health quality. The purpose of this study is to find out the harsh use of antihypertensive drugs in outpatient geriatric patients at Dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo Hospital bandar Lampung. This type of research is non experimental with a descriptive design using retrospective data with purposive sampling methods. The results of the study were based on the pattern of use of antihypertensive with the ATC/DDD method in hypertension patients in Dr. A. Dadi Tjokrodipo Bandar Lampung city is 5331,03 DDD/1000 KPRJ, there are nine types of antihypertensive used, namely amlodipine, lisinopril, candesartan, irbesartan, furosemide, spironolactone, ramipril, bisoprolol and captopril. Antihypertensive in the drug uses segment 90%, namely amlodipine 44.37%, lisinopril 16.88%, candesartan 15.46% and irbesartan 13.65%. The study was based on 100% patient accuracy criteria, 100% indication accuracy, 89.3% drug accuracy and 92% dose accuracy. The conclusion of this study, the pattern of use of antihypertensive widely used is amlodipine amounting to 2365.52 DDD/1000 KPRJ, antihypertensive that enters the drug uses segment 90% namely amlodipine, lisinopril, candesartan and irbesartan.Keywords: Antihypertensive, Geriatrics, Outpatient, Drug Use

Increase of constant weight rates of weighing bottles and evaporating dishes in a pharmacological experiment

Improving the constant weight rates of weighing bottles and evaporation dishes is beneficial to drug quality control. When different quantities of weighing bottles were dried under the same conditions, the greater the quantity is, the lower the constant weight rate will be. When quantities are controlled to be the same, weighing bottles that have been cooled for 50 minutes have higher constant weight rates than those cooled for half an hour. Without being affected by other factors, weighing bottles? constant weight rates are higher when the bottles are dried at the temperature of 180?C than 105?C. The rate increases when the bottled are dried for 8 hours instead of 5 hours. After soaking for 48 hours in the solution of 2% HNO3 + 6% HCl, the weighing bottles and evaporating dishes gain higher constant weight rates. Being more efficient, faster, economical and practical, this experiment has improved the method to increase constant weight rates of weighing bottles and evaporating dishes, without the need of auxiliary equipment, and thus increased the accuracy of drug weighing results.

EVALUASI RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN DAN PEMBERIAN OBAT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI GERIATRI DI PUSKESMAS TAJINAN PERIODE JANUARI – DESEMBER 2019

Increasing the number of elderly causes an increase in health problems one of which is associated with hypertension which can cause complications and death. The purpose of this study was to determine the description and accuracy of the use of antihypertensive drugs in geriatric patients who were diagnosed with hypertension at the Tajinan Primary Health in Malang in the period January-December 2019. This study was an observational or non-experimental study conducted using retrospective medical record data. The measuring instrument used was the data collection sheet from the medical record, the Consensus for Hypertension Management 2019 to see the accuracy of indications, patient accuracy, drug accuracy, and dose accuracy. Data analysis using Correlation Test. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the resulting Standardize estimates were 0.002 (p <0.05) which showed that there was a significant relationship between sexes with the occurrence of hypertension. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the resulting Standardize estimates were 0.001 (p <0.05) which means that there was a significant relationship between the accuracy of the types of antihypertensive drugs used in hypertensive patients. The conclusion is that the rationality evaluation of the use and administration of drugs in hypertensive patients at the Tajinan Primary Health in Malang based on the 2019 Hypertension Management Consensus guidelines shows the accuracy both in terms of indication, drug, patient and dose.

Characterization of an Innovative Implantable Valve-less Pump for Bio or Drug Fluid Delivery − Theory and Experiment

This article describes the design and testing procedures for an innovative implantable pump for medical applications. In contrast to traditional drug delivery methods, this implantable pump delivers drugs or biofluids (blood, plasma, etc.) with better performance. The valve-less feature of the pump reduces the probability of damaged blood cells during pumping, which may be caused by shearing forces on the cell membrane. High accuracy of drug (or biofluid) administration in an implantable pump is beneficial when treating patients. In addition, the pump does not require an external power source since it relies entirely on the body’s own energy from the pulsating character of blood circulation. The theoretical model of the pump elements is built based on nozzle-diffuser elements. The experiment shows that the efficiency ratio decreases when there is an increase in diameter of the nozzle-diffuser element. The efficiency ratio is also affected by the angle and the length of the channel. The maximum flow rate for the designed pump is around 1 ml/min based on a frequency of 1.16 Hz in pulsatile flow regime. The total dimensions (nozzle-diffuser elements and pumping chambers) of our pump are 45 × 6 × 15 mm. However, it is important to note that the dimensions can vary (from micro to macro sizes) depending on the application.

Improved Speed and Accuracy of Calculations With a Programmable Calculator in Pediatric Emergency Scenarios

Both mathematical and selection errors may occur when ordering drug or fluid therapy in a busy emergency department. In an attempt to improve the speed and accuracy of such calculations, we programmed a hand-held calculator to assist in drug and intravenous fluid therapy dosages and rates for three emergency situations: diabetic ketoacidosis, asthma, and asystole. Performance by 58 subjects at various levels of training was compared when using either the programmable calculator or standard materials and methods. When standard methods were used, an average of 30.6 minutes was needed to complete the three scenarios, with an accuracy of 73%; by contrast, use of programmable calculator resulted in a significant decline in time needed to calculate doses (an average of only 8.5 minutes), with an improved accuracy of 98%. The use of a programmable calculator can result in a significant improvement in both speed and accuracy of drug and fluid selection and dosage and rate calculations, regardless of the level of the subject's medical training.