Public Transport Drivers Research Articles

Exploring Hybrid Vehicle Integration in Nablus Urban Shared-Taxis: Cost-Benefit and Exhaust Emissions Assessment

There is a worldwide concern about the increase in vehicles’ exhaust emissions of traditional fuels and the rise in fuel prices. Nablus city is a major city in the West Bank, Palestine with peculiar topography and traffic congestion. This increases fuel consumption and the gas emission of the diesel operated public transport (PT) shared-taxi vehicles. This paper investigates the viability of introducing hybrid vehicles to the urban shared-taxis in highly congested areas with peculiar topography. Interviews were conducted and questionnaires were distributed among PT drivers and route managers to obtain the operational and cost characteristics of each route. The existing expenses and revenues and gas emissions of diesel vehicles were analyzed. Expenses-revenues analysis revealed that there is no immediate urgency in switching all diesel-fuel shared-taxis to hybrid; therefore, two scenarios were developed. The first was replacing old PT cars (2009 or older) with hybrid vehicles, which provided an average financial saving of 20.9% with a reduction in exhausts emission of CO2-equivalent by 33%. The second scenario included replacing PT vehicles with production dates from 2009-2014, which produced financial savings of 15% and reduction of exhaust emissions by 35%. The comparison showed a preference for the first scenario at the current time, while implementing other scenarios gradually. The first scenario is simple and close to reality; as old vehicles should typically be replaced. The study recommends using hybrid vehicles for new shared-taxis introduced to the service, and establishing national level policies to encourage the use of alternative fuels for the transportation sector, focusing on PT. However, several critical factors must be considered, including topography and route characteristics.

Are work-related stress and positivity associated with health-related quality of life? Results of an observational study in a transport company in Italy

Abstract Aim The job of a driver, particularly that of a public transportation driver, is a complex activity, requiring the mental and physical integrity of the operator. The presence of altered health status, fatigue related to prolonged driving, and all those conditions that interfere with the worker’s performance contribute to an increased risk of traffic accidents and occupational injuries. The aim of the study is to evaluate in an Italian transportation company how work-related stress and positivity affect the health-related quality of life of employees. Subject and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2019 to January 2020. Participants filled out a questionnaire divided into four sections (registry and socio-demographic, Karasek’s Job Content Questionnaire, Short Form 12 Survey, Positivity Scale) that aimed to gather information on work stress factors and health-related quality of life and positivity. Results Two hundred eight individuals responded to the questionnaire, including drivers and company staff. Significant differences were observed for the PCS dependent variable: in married participants (p = 0.026), in participants with children (p = 0.002) in the univariate analysis, and bivariate with the MCS variable (p = 0.001). Significant differences were observed for the MCS dependent variable only in the bivariate analysis: PCS (p = 0.001). Conclusion In this transport company, there was a high level of health-related work well-being in each of the activities carried out within it, since positivity was strongly associated with both physical and mental factors and given the homogeneity of the job demand and decision latitude.

Development of a Model for Evaluating the Efficiency of Public Transport Driver Behavior

Development of a Model for Evaluating the Efficiency of Public Transport Driver Behavior

Crystal sediment profile in the urine of public transportation drivers on route 2 in Kupang city

Background: Drivers have a profession that requires prolonged sitting, leading to the release of bone calcium into the bloodstream, which can trigger the formation of urinary stones or nephrolithiasis. Urinary stone (nephrolithiasis) is a condition where stones form in the urinary tract. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the crystal sediment profile in the urine of public transportation drivers on Route 2 in Kupang City. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study involved 16 public transportation drivers on Route 2 in Kupang City as research subjects. Data were collected through interviews. Results: The results showed the presence of various crystals in the urine sediment, including Calcium Oxalate crystals (25%), Calcium Carbonate crystals (18.75%), Uric Acid crystals (12.5%), and Amorphous crystals (6.25%). Conclusions: Based on the characteristics and habits of the respondents, it was found that frequent urinary retention, drinking less than 1 liter of water per day, and consuming supplemented or carbonated drinks were the three main factors affecting urine sedimentation in public transportation drivers on Route 2 in Kupang City.

Workplace Drug Testing As A Drug Prevention Strategy for Public Transport Drivers: A Cross-sectional Study

Workplace Drug Testing As A Drug Prevention Strategy for Public Transport Drivers: A Cross-sectional Study

An investigation into drivers' yielding behaviour at marked uncontrolled pedestrian crossings in Ghana

Given the dangers pedestrians are susceptible to when crossing the roadway, an investigation of motorists' yielding decisions at uncontrolled crossings should be prioritised. Some encounters between motorists and pedestrians turn into injuries or deaths due to excessive delay on the part of drivers, and pedestrians' impatience might lead them to opt for the rolling gap. Insights into drivers' yielding behaviour in developing countries are lacking. Meanwhile, developing countries contribute significantly to traffic deaths, particularly those in the African Region. Understanding drivers' yielding behaviour is necessary for effective interventions to safeguard pedestrians and encourage safe walking. Accordingly, by deploying a backward binary logit model, this study investigated drivers' yielding behaviour at marked uncontrolled pedestrian crossings through naturalistic observation. The results revealed that a small share of drivers, 258, were observed to yield to pedestrians, representing a 28% yielding rate in total. The model indicates that the chances of motorists yielding to pedestrians are enhanced by the following factors: pedestrian age, density, gender and traffic condition. Private car drivers had the lowest yielding rate of 18.2%, followed closely by public transport drivers. This research contributes to the discourse on drivers' yielding behaviour at pedestrian crossings with perspectives from a developing country. Further, it discusses policy implications for policymakers and enforcement agencies.

Persepsi Kinerja dan Dampak Transportasi Online terhadap Pendapatan Pengemudi Angkutan Kota (Studi Kasus Trayek R.02 Kota Kendari)

Online-based transportation is rife amidst the condition of the public transportation system in urban areas and in the City of Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, which needs to be better organized. Offering high flexibility and accessibility, affordable costs, multilevel comfort, and even security guaranteed by the company, it is undeniable that people who need to make a switch move under the pretext of consumer freedom to choose better. Social jealousy cannot be contained, especially for conventional transportation (Angkot) already operating. Gradually the number of online-based transport fleets is increasing, and of course, it affects the income of Angkot drivers. Therefore, reviewing the performance from the passengers' perspective tries to see to what extent the Angkot can meet expectations. The analysis used the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). In addition, the statistic tests whether public transportation drivers have decreased income due to the increasing prevalence of online-based transportation. Respondents of public transportation passengers (users) were 400 people and 91 public transportation drivers. The results show that Online Transportation's presence hurts public transportation drivers' income levels. A decrease in the level of income of the drivers indicates this difference. The average daily income before online transportation was Rp. 151,000 - Rp. 200,000 and Rp. 51,000 - Rp. 100,000 after. On the other hand, for users, the results of the CSI analysis show that the Fare Variable is considered Satisfied for the user. At the same time, Safety, Comfort, Regularity, Smoothness, and Accuracy are rated Normal/Neutral. The Dissatisfied Variables are Safety and Pollution. In the IPA analysis, seven attributes are in Quadrant II, which means that users rate public transportation as 'Keep Up The Good Work', and six attributes are in Quadrant I, which means they need serious attention and 'improvement'. While the other 16 attributes are in quadrants III and IV, namely 'Low Priority' and 'Possible Overkill'.

Evaluasi Transportasi Angkutan Umum Dan Keselamatan Akibat Adanya Transportasi Online di Kota Makassar

The aim of the research is to determine the comparison of costs, time and safety between public transportation and online transportation. Transportation or transportation is a means of moving goods or people from one place to another as desired. In general, people now know 2 types of transportation, namely online transportation and conventional transportation. Where application-based online transportation is the transfer of goods and people from the place of origin to the destination. It should be understood together that the flow of technological progress is a necessity that we inevitably have to follow. So that application-based online transportation is a transportation service that utilizes technological advances. Technology was created with the aim of facilitating all human activities that are carried out daily, not so long ago, so many demonstrations began to appear in various areas in Makassar carried out by the conventional public transport drivers to oppose the operation of the online transportation business in Indonesia, especially the city of Makassar.

Attitude and Behavior of Road Users Responding to EMS Ambulances in Developing Countries: a Cross-sectional Study.

Emergency medical service (EMS) providers use ambulance lights and sirens (L&S) to expedite their travel and to warn road users. This study aimed to assess the attitude and behavior of road users in response to EMS ambulances with warning L&S in use. This was a cross-sectional survey distributed to road users in Northern Jordan. The questionnaire included 19 items addressing demographics, attitudes, and behavior toward emergency ambulances. We described the participants' responses and assessed the association between demographics and attitude statements using logistic regression. A total of 1302 questionnaires were available for analysis. The mean age of participants was 34.2 (SD± 11.4) years, and the majority were males (72.6%). About half of road users (47.9%) would perform inappropriate actions in response to EMS ambulances with L&S in use. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that being female (OR: 0.63; 95% CI = 0.48-0.81), more educated (OR: 0.68; 95% CI = 0.53-0.86), or public transport driver (OR: 0.55; 95% CI = 0.34-0.90) was significantly associated with inappropriate response to EMS ambulances. Additionally, a significant proportion of road users may perform inappropriate and lawless driving practices such as following the passing by EMS ambulances. A large proportion of road users in Jordan may respond inappropriately to the EMS ambulances and many engage in risky driving behaviors, perhaps due to the lack of procedural knowledge. Policy-related interventions and educational programs are crucially needed to increase public awareness of the traffic law concerning EMS ambulances and to enhance appropriate driving behavior.

Hypertension and Lifestyle Determinants in Public Transport Drivers: A Sector-specific Study in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, prompting this investigation into hypertension – a key risk factor – among a vulnerable group, bus drivers, who may be affected by job-related stress and health behaviors. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analysis evaluated 800 male TNSTC bus drivers from Coimbatore using a multistage sampling method. Interviews, physical measurements, and blood pressure assessments provided the data, which were subjected to comprehensive statistical analysis. Results: A concerning 49.9% of drivers were hypertensive, and 27.75% did not have their condition under control. Increased risk was linked with advancing age (those above 51 were 3.28 times more at risk than those under 30), lower educational attainment, familial hypertension history, and lifestyle choices, including sedentary habits, excessive salt consumption, and substance use. A striking correlation was observed between obesity and hypertension (odds ratio: 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.09–1.69). Conclusion: This research highlights an alarming rate of hypertension within the bus driver cohort, influenced by both modifiable and non modifiable risk factors. It underscores the urgent need for targeted health programs, proactive screenings, and educational initiatives. Expanding the study to other centers will provide a broader context for these findings.

Quality of work life, job involvement and job satisfaction of bus drivers of public sector transport in Punjab: a mediation analysis

Quality of work life, job involvement and job satisfaction of bus drivers of public sector transport in Punjab: a mediation analysis

Metabolic syndrome and the 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in urban public transport drivers in the context of occupational risks and workloads

The specific risks and workloads of urban public transport drivers create a net for the development of several health issues. It is worth mentioning the impact of the work regime on this type of workers’ metabolic and cardiovascular health. This paper represents a sequence from an ample study that has followed the effects of this professional activity on worker’s health and work capacity and has established prevention / reduction of identified risk factors measures. The health state analysis was realized through a prevalence study on three cohorts (bus, tram, trolleybus drivers). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was the highest in the group of the bus drivers, 16.7%. The 10-year fatal cardiovascular disease risk in both the increased risk category and very increased risk category was the highest in the trolleybus drivers’ cohort, 29%, respectively 6%. Major contributing pathology, such as hypertension and type II diabetes, starts in the 36-45 years of age group regardless of gender in all three cohorts signalizing an early wear and is already important in the 46-55 years of age group.

Journey tracker: driver alerting system with a deep learning approach.

Negligence of public transport drivers due to drowsiness poses risks not only to their own lives but also to the lives of passengers. The designed journey tracker system alerts the drivers and activates potential penalties. A custom EfficientNet model architecture, based on EfficientNet design principles, is built and trained using the Media Research Lab (MRL) eye dataset. Reflections in frames are filtered out to ensure accurate detections. A 10 min initial period is utilized to understand the driver's baseline behavior, enhancing the reliability of drowsiness detections. Input from drivers is considered to determine the frame rate for more precise real-time monitoring. Only the eye regions of individual drivers are captured to maintain privacy and ethical standards, fostering driver comfort. Hyperparameter tuning and testing of different activation functions during model training aim to strike a balance between model complexity, performance and computational cost. Obtained an accuracy rate of 95% and results demonstrate that the "swish" activation function outperforms ReLU, sigmoid and tanh activation functions in extracting hierarchical features. Additionally, models trained from scratch exhibit superior performance compared to pretrained models. This system promotes safer public transportation and enhances professionalism by monitoring driver alertness. The system detects closed eyes and performs a cross-reference using personalization data and pupil detection to trigger appropriate alerts and impose penalties.

How job stressors and economic stressors impact public transport drivers’ performance and well-being under the health risk of the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, public transport (e.g., bus and taxi) drivers encountered great stress because they needed to work to maintain the operation of the transportation system. This study proposes and empirically investigates the impacts of job stressors and economic stressors of public transport drivers on emotional exhaustion, and subsequent psychological well-being and performance under the health risk of COVID-19. The moderating effects of perceived threat and death anxiety on the relationships between stressors and emotional exhaustion are also examined. Method and Results: Using two survey samples collected from bus and taxi drivers in Taiwan, the results reveal that, except for the effect of time pressure on taxi drivers’ exhaustion, job stressors (job overload and time pressure) and economic stressors (job insecurity) positively relate to emotional exhaustion for both bus and taxi drivers. Drivers’ emotional exhaustion has negative effects on both job satisfaction and positive effects on risky driving behaviors. Perceived pandemic threat strengthens the positive influence of job insecurity on emotional exhaustion for bus drivers, while perceived pandemic threat and death anxiety weaken the negative influence of job insecurity on emotional exhaustion for taxi drivers. Practical Applications: Effective intervention strategies and policies to mitigate perceived pandemic threat and death anxiety of drivers are recommended.

Driving Behavior and Customer Handling of Urban Public Transportation Drivers and Operators Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak in Ethiopia, 2022

Driving Behavior and Customer Handling of Urban Public Transportation Drivers and Operators Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak in Ethiopia, 2022

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KENAIKAN TARIF PARKIR DAN JALAN BERBAYAR ELEKTRONIK DI JAKARTA

The development of tourism in Indonesia is currently being promoted as one of the industries that can increase the Impact of the Increase in Parking Rates in the Revised Pergub 31/2017 on the Acceleration of the Implementation of JBE in Jakarta. JBE and the policy of increasing parking rates are expected to be able to control volume and obtain funds to build public transportation. Knowing the effect of increasing parking rates in Jakarta on the implementation of JBE in Jakarta. In this study, a survey method will be used by creating a questionnaire as a research tool that will be given to users of public and private rental transportation and fellow drivers, or both. And use the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) application to test normality, test validity and test reliability.

Abstract 17616: The Association Between Hypokinetic Left Ventricle And Pulmonary Embolism

Case Description: A 49-year-old male patient working as a public transport driver presented with syncope lasting a few minutes, followed by non-exertional substernal discomfort. He was hemodynamically stable with a normal physical examination. Laboratory tests revealed an elevated D-dimer of 1146 mg/L and troponin peaking at 1.38 ng/mL. CT Pulmonary angiography was performed, revealing a saddle embolus with signs of right heart strain (Figure 1). A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) of 31-35%, and moderately decreased left ventricular systolic function. A venous duplex and hypercoagulability workup yielded negative results. Left-heart catheterization showed normal coronary arteries. A repeat transthoracic echocardiogram three days later showed improvement in LV systolic function with an EF of 41-45% and normal LV function. He was discharged on apixaban with appropriate follow-up. Discussion: Saddle embolism is one of the rare but life-threatening forms of pulmonary embolism. It causes RV dilatation and flattening of the interventricular septum towards the left side, decreasing cardiac output via the “Reverse Bernheim Effect". Rarely, it affects LV contractility and LV ejection fraction. Together, this can lead to severe hemodynamic instability and increase the risk of complications like pulmonary infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiogenic shock. Therefore, clinicians must be aware of this possibility, as early detection and timely treatment improve patient outcomes.

Determinants of non-compliance attitudes to the smoke-free policy among the Bangladeshi urban public transport drivers

Determinants of non-compliance attitudes to the smoke-free policy among the Bangladeshi urban public transport drivers

Penerapan Sistem Tracking Berbasis GPS pada Alat Pendeteksi Alkohol Terintegrasi dengan Arduino untuk Pengemudi Mobil Penumpang Umum

Regarding the problems faced by managers of the transportation business, namely cases of vehicle theft which still often occur, therefore an idea emerged on how owners can monitor their vehicles effectively, then accidents that usually occur due to reckless public transportation drivers due to influence of liquor. Based on the background described above, the authors aim to conduct research by creating a GPS tracking tool that is integrated with Arduino, which is able to monitor the location of the driver/vehicle and is able to reduce vehicle embezzlement, and the system to be designed is able to detect whether the driver of the vehicle is in a state of drink alcohol or not. Research has been carried out on 2 people, namely for the first person, the lowest sensor data reading was obtained, namely 22 ppm with a delay of 2 seconds for GPS readings for a distance of 3.5 km and the condition of the relay was off indicating that alcohol was not detected, and for the highest sensor data readings it was at 109 ppm with a delay of 3 seconds GPS reading for a distance of 4.2 km and the condition of the relay is on which indicates alcohol is detected. In the second person test, the lowest sensor data reading was obtained, namely 23 ppm with a 4 second GPS reading delay for a distance of 11 km and the condition of the relay was off indicating no alcohol was detected, and the highest sensor data reading was 121 ppm with a 2 second GPS reading delay for a distance 10 km and the condition of the relay is on which indicates alcohol is detected. GPS testing was carried out 10 times for each person where the longest distance tested on the first person was 42 km, and the shortest distance was 3.3 km. And for the test, the fastest delay in reading the driver's location is 2 seconds, and the longest is 5 seconds. In testing the second person, the longest distance was 12 km, and the shortest distance was 10 km. And in the test, the fastest delay in reading the driver's location point is 2 seconds, and the longest delay in reading the location point is 4 seconds.

Statistical analysis of psychological and physiological stress in public transport drivers

Public transport drivers face various factors that put their health at risk, not only in traffic matters, such as psychological stress, physiological stress, and working conditions. This paper aims to study said variables in public transport (bus) drivers in southern Tamaulipas, through a statistical study that can show the risk conditions for the study participants. To achieve this, a quantitative and descriptive research was carried out, with a convenient voluntary sampling of 77 surveys. Firstly, an exploratory factorial study was conducted on variables mentioned above, where the most reliable items were identified. Subsequently, a mediation analysis was carried through, resulting in the finding that the effect of psychological stress on physiological stress is less when mediated by